英文 课件 呼吸系统疾病Respiratory System Diseases

RespiratorySystemDiseasesAnatomyandPhysiologyofRespirationNosePharynxLarynxTracheaBronchusBronchiolePleuralAlveolusDiaphragmDiseasesSymptoms(manifestations)DiagnosisPhysicalExaminationLaboratoryExaminationCommonManifestationsofLungDiseasesCough(Sputum)HemoptysisDyspneaChestpainCough–TypesofCoughAcutecough(<3weeks);chroniccoughDrycough;productivecough；hackingcoughRecurrentcough;persistent/spasmodiccough;NocturnalcoughHarshcough咳嗽伴喘鸣barkingcough犬吠样咳嗽chokingcough窒息性咳嗽whoopingcough百日咳HowtoinquireaboutcoughTellmeaboutyourcough.Whendidthecoughstart?Wastheonsetgradualorsudden?Doyoucoughatacertaintimeofday?Doesanythingspecialbringiton?Doesanything(position)makethecoughworseorbetter?Doesthecoughstartinyourthroatordeepinthechest?Doyouhavechestpainwhenyoucough?Didyoucoughupanysputumorblood?Doyoubringupanything?Whatcoloristhesputum?Haveyouhadbloodinthesputum?Doyouwheezeornoticeawhistlingsoundwhenyoubreathe?Haveyouhadfrequentcoldsrecently?Isthecoughrelievedifyousitup?Howlonghasyourson/daughterbeencoughing?Doeshewakeupbycoughing?PossibleDiagnosisforCoughingFollow-upofURTIBronchitisAsthmaPneumoniaTuberculosisPulmonaryabscessPulmonaryembolismPulmonaryedemaLungcancerBronchiectasislaryngitisPostnasaldrip(nasaldischarge,frequentneedtoclearthethroat)CigarettesmokingCongestiveheartdiseaseChronicrhinitisChronicsinusitisGastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseAngiotensin-convertingenzymeinhibitor(ACEI)WhoopingcoughAIDSHemoptysis(bloodysputum)Doyoubringupphlegm(sputum)?Whatcoloristhesputum?Whendidyounoticethebloodysputum?Didyouhaveanosebleed?Didyouhaveasorethroat?Haveyoucoughedupbloodrecently?Howmuchsputumdidyoucoughup?Whendoyoubringitup?Isitfrothy,watery,etc?Doyouhavenightsweats?Haveyouhadcontactwithanyonewithtuberculosis?HaveyouhadaTBtest?Wasyourtuberculintestnegativeorpositive?DescriptionsofSputumColorWhiteYellowGreenPinkRed,bloodyBlood-streaked/tingedRustyBlack-grayAppearanceClear,transparentPurulentJelly-likeSticky/wateryThick/thinFrothyOrdorFoetidPossibleDiagnosisforHemoptysisBronchitisBronchiectasisLungcancerPulmonaryembolismTuberculosisPneumoniaLungabscessAsthmaBleedingdisorderMitralstenosis二尖瓣狭窄PulmonaryinfarctPulmonaryedemaDyspneaDifficultyorpaininbreathing.Increasedrespiratoryeffortthataccompaniesmaydifferentdiseases:Airflowobstruction(asthma,COPD)Changesinpulmonarycompliance(interstitialfibrosis,congestiveheartfailure)Changesinchestwallcompliance(obesity,pleuraldisease)Intrinsicrespiratorymuscleweakness(inanition,neuromusculardisease,chronicrespiratoryfailure)Theweaknessconveyedbythemechanicaldisadvantageofhyperinflation(asthmaoremphysema)气少,气短,少气:呼吸无力而浅表,急促的症状.病人自感气的交换不足.由气虚所致.Shortnessofbreath；breathless短气者,呼吸虽急而不能接续,似喘而无痰声,亦不抬肩,但肺壅而不下.----李中梓有实证/虚证之别.Dyspnea

Tellmeaboutyourtroublebreathing.Wouldyoudescribeyourshortnessofbreath?Whendidithappen?Whendidyoufirstnoticeit?Inwhatsituationsdoyouhaveshortnessofbreath?Doyougetshortofbreathwhenyouexercise?Howmanystepscanyouclimbwithoutstoppingtobreath?Isthedifficultyrelievedbyrestorbysittingupright?Whathelpsalleviatethedifficultybreathing?Doyouwheezewhenyouhaveshortnessofbreath?Doyoueverwakeupshortofbreathatnight?Isyourshortnessofbreathgettingbetterorworse?HaveyouhadachestX-rayrecentlyChestpainTellmeaboutyourchestpain.Whattype