对废弃电子电器产品的环保要求

EnvironmentalProtectiveRequirementsonwasteelectronic&electricalproducts对废弃电子电器产品的环保要求DarrylYun2023/7/51WEEE&RoHS

Theyareresourcedmainonpoliticalreason,thenaretheenvironmentaltarget他们是主要源于政治原因，其次才是环境的目的

Theyarethenewbarrier,

他们是新的壁垒

*

WEEEmorelikethetariffwall,theinvisiblewalltoincreaseyourcost.WEEE更象是关税壁垒，犹如一堵无形的墙增加你的支出。*RoHSmoreliketheTBT;theenvironmentalrelatedcertification,similarasthesafetycertificationbutmisty.RoHS更象是技术性贸易壁垒，环境认证就与安规认证相似，但更模糊。2023/7/52WEEEDirective2002/96/EEC2023/7/53WhyWEEEDirective?为什么要有WEEE

About90%oftheEEEwasteisland-filled90%的电子废弃物被填埋Landfill填埋96%MechanicalRecycling机械循环利用率3%EnergyRecovery能源再生率1%

TotalCollectedinW.Europe(1999)--764,000tonnes

欧洲总的回收量(1999年)–76.4万吨2023/7/54Aproducerresponsibilitydirective.Itaimsto:一个生产者承担责任的指令。它的目的在于：Reducethewastefromelectricalandelectronicequipment

减少来自电子设备的废弃物IncreaserecoveryandrecyclingratesofWEEE

增加废弃电子电器产品的再生和循环使用。ImproveenvironmentalperformanceofalloperatorsinvolvedinthelifecycleofWEEE

提高废弃电子电器产品全部生命周期中所涉及到的所有操作者的环保执行情况Objective目的2023/7/55Objective目的Resource资源Product产品Resource资源Today今天Future将来Product产品Landfill填埋Burning焚烧Throwawayfreely随意丢弃Dispose,Burning,Landfilldesignedlyandcollectionorganically有计划地处置/焚烧和填埋,以及有组织地收集Recovery再生Reuse再利用Recycling循环使用2023/7/56Scope–General范围-一般CoversdiscardedEEE包括:Designedtooperateatamaximumvoltageof1,000Va.c.or1,500Vd.c;最大工作电压不超过1000Va.c或1500Vd.c，通过电流、电磁场、发电机、变压器工作的设备或测量这种电流的设备；和Fallingwithin10categoriesofWEEE(AnnexesIA&IB);适用于10类产品Includesallcomponents,sub-assembliesandconsumablesformingpartoftheEEEwhendiscarded—94products.包括产品的所有元件、配件及消耗材料—94个产品品目(有豁免类).ExcludesEEEthatis不包括：PartofequipmentnotcoveredbytheWEEEDirective;

不在WEEE指令覆盖范围的设备Specificallyintendedformilitaryuse.

军事用途2023/7/57Scope–Categories范围-分类Largehouseholdappliances大型家用电器Smallhouseholdappliances;小型家用电器3.IT&telecommunicationsequipment;IT及通讯设备Consumerequipment;消费性设备5.Lightingequipment; Exceptfilamentlightbulbs&householdluminaires.照明设备（白炙灯泡和家用照明光源除外）Electrical&electronictools; Exceptlargestationary industrialtools.电子电气工具（大型固定工业用途工具除外）Toys,leisure&sportsequipment;玩具、休闲及运动设备Medicaldevices; Exceptimplanted&infectedproducts.医疗器材（植入部件或污染处除外）

Monitoring&controlinstruments;监控设施Automaticdispensers.自动售货机2023/7/58Producer’sresponsibility

生产者责任WEEEfromprivatehouseholds:来自私人用户的WEEE-Producersinstallsystemsfortakebackfreeofcostforfinaluser

生产者设立对最终使用者免费的回收体系-Individualorcollectivepossible

可以是个别的，也可以是集体的-Producerstakeovercostofreuse,recycling,disposal

生产者负责再利用、循环和处理的费用-Distributorsvoluntarily(butfreeofcost)maytakebackWEEE

批发者可以回收WEEE(但是是免费的）WEEEfromotherthanprivateusers:来自非私人用户的WEEE

-Producersresponsibleforcollection,reuse,recycling,disposalandcosts

生产者负责收集、再利用、循环使用和处理的费用-Producersresponsibleformanagementcostofhistoricalwaste

生产者负责历史性废弃物的管理费用-Memberstatesaswellasusersandproducersmayagreeondifferentfinancing

成员国，还有使用者和生产者可以对不同的财务费用达成一致意见

2023/7/59ProductDesign产品设计Productdesignsshall产品的设计应当:Allowselectiveremovalofcertainmaterials/components.

允许有选择性地淘汰处理某些原料和部件。Permitrepairandend-of-lifedismantlingfortherecovery(reuse&recycling)ofmaterials/components.

准许修复或淘汰产品分解出的原料和部件的回收利用（再利用和循环在利用）Notincludedesignfeatureswhichhinderreuse,unlessrequiredforoverridingreasonssuchassafetyorenvironmentalprotection.产品不得有妨碍再利用的设计，除非是出于安全及环保因素考虑2023/7/510RateforCollection,Recovery,Recycling收集，再回收和再循环比例Separatecollection4kgperinhabitantandyearfromhouseholdsAutomaticdispensers

Largehouseholdappliances-Recovery:80%-Recycling,reuse*:75%IT&telecommunicationsappliancesConsumerequipment-Recovery:75%-Recycling,reuse*:65%Smallhouseholdappliances

LightingequipmentElectricalandelectronictools

Toys,leisure&sportsequipment

Monitoringandcontrolinstruments-Recovery:70%-Recycling,reuse*:50%MedicaldeviceTobedeterminedby31December20062023/7/511Example例子:

RefrigeratorWeight冰箱重量: 100kg(Category1)

RecoveryTarget再生目标: 80%

Reuse/RecyclingTarget再利用/循环使用目标: 75%

Conclusion结论:

DisposalasLandfill填埋处置:max.20kg

Recoveryasincineration焚烧:max.5kg

Backintoresourcestream循环利用:minimum75kgRecovery&RecyclingTargets回收再用和再循环的目标2023/7/512Treatment-SelectiveRemoval处理-选择性除去Allliquids;所有液体CapacitorscontainingPCB’s&PCT’s;

含有PCB’s&PCT’s的电容Mercury-containingcomponents;含汞零件Batteries;电池Printedcircuitboardsfrommobilephones;手机的电路板Printedcircuitboardsfromotherdeviceswithasurfacearea

印刷电路板面积大于10平方厘米的其他仪器Tonercartridgesetc;碳粉盒等Plasticscontainingbrominatedflameretardants;

含溴化阻燃剂的塑料Refractoryceramicfibre-containingcomponents;

耐火陶瓷纤维元件Thefollowingmaterials,substances,componentsmustberemovedfromtheproductbythetreatmentfacilities(theinformationshouldbeprovidedbymanufactories)至少下列物质、配制件和组件要必须从任何分类收集的废弃电子电气设备中除去(相关的有毒物质存在部位的信息应由工厂提供)2023/7/513Treatment-SelectiveRemoval处理-选择性除去Cathoderaytubes;阴极射线管Externalelectriccables;外置电线Radioactivesubstances;

放射性物质CFC’s,HCFC’s,HFC’s&HC’s;

臭氧层消耗物质Liquidcrystaldisplays(LCD’s)withasurfacearea>100cm²;

表面积大于100平方厘米的液晶显示器LCD’sback-litbygasdischargelamps;

液晶背光-气体放电灯；Electrolytecapacitorswhichcontainrelevantsubstanceanddepth≥25mm/diameter≥25/asthesimilarvolumnproportion含相关物质的电解电容器（高度≥25毫米，直径≥25毫米或者按比例类似容积）Gasdischargelamps;

气体放电灯Asbestoswaste.

石棉废料2023/7/514Treatment–Process处理-步骤Onlypermittedatlicensedorregisteredsites.处理机构应该有执照或在主管当局登记的单位Storagesitesmustpreventenvironmentalcontamination.

储存场所必须防止环境污染Treatmentsitesshall处理地点应当:－Usethebestavailabletechniques.

应用最好的可用技术－Preventenvironmentalcontamination.

避免环境的污染－Includeappropriatestoragefacilities.

有适当的贮存场所－Treatwaterbeforedischarge.

污水处理后方可排放－HavebalancestomonitorincomingWEEE,outgoingrecoveredmaterials&waste.监控WEEE进料及回收材料和废物输出的平衡Minimumqualitystandardsfortreatmentmaybesetup.

处理的最低质量标准应当建立。2023/7/515WordDefinition名词定义Word单词Explain解释Prevention预防Reducedthehazardoussubstancecontent产品中有害物质的减少Treatment处理,包括破碎、分解、再生等经过设备处理的过程Recovery再生Reuse再利用Fulfilltherequirementofthedesiringdesigninguse符合设计使用目的的用途Recycle循环使用Re-produceorre-process将材料经过再加工或再生产Energyrecovery能量回收Recovertheheatenergyortheotherenergy回收热能或其他能源Disposal处置Justcremateorburyonly单纯焚化或掩埋Recovery&RecyclingTargets回收再用和再循环的目标2023/7/516

Dismantler拆分拆解WEEEShredder切碎机Landfill填埋Re-use再利用Siderurgy熔炼

Foundry铸造厂Steel钢Non-ferrmetal有色金属SR视情况Energyrecovery能量再生Metals金属Glass玻璃Plastics塑料Rubber橡胶

Other其他Recycling循环使用Components零件Recovery&Recycling回收再用和再循环WasteStreamduringRecyclingexample:废弃物循环利用流程实例Componentsuppliers零件供应商Componentsuppliers零件供应商Manufactory整机制造商Rawmaterialproducers原材料生产商

Rawmaterialproducers原材料生产商

2023/7/517CostEstimations费用估算Collectioncosts:200-400Europerton

收集费用：每吨200－400欧元-4kgpp,350Minhabitants:300-600MEuroperyear4公斤每人每年，3.5亿人口：每年3亿－6亿欧元Treatmentcosts:300-800Europerton

处理费用：每吨300－800欧元-450-1200MEuroperyear

每年4.5亿-12亿欧元Originalaveragepriceincreaseof0.5%to2%perelectric/electronicdevice

最初的平均价格每台电子电器设备增加0.5%至2%.Tobedetailedperproductcategory

每种产品详细的目录2023/7/518Marking-AllWEEE1标记-所有WEEE1

InformationforUsers提供给使用者的信息

Theproductsplacedonthemarketafter13August2005mustbelabeledwith2005年8月13日以后投放市场的电子电器应注明:

MarkingtheproductaccordingtoprEN50419,Markingmustinclude:

按prEN50419规定，产品标识内容应包括:-

Auniqueidentificationofproducer(e.gbrandname,trademarkorothersmeans)

唯一的生产者身份标识(例如品牌，注册商标或其他内容)

-

Dateoryearofmanufacture/placedonthemarketincodedorun-codedtext

生产日期或年份/以编码或非编码形式投放市场2023/7/519Marking-AllWEEE1标记-所有WEEE1

-

Markingasabovewiththecrossed-outwheeledbinandadditionalbarCrossedwheeliebinsymbol.

上述标识内容应该以带有叉形符号的轮式垃圾箱以及条状文字符号的形式构成Inexceptionalcases,wheretheproduct’ssizeandfunctionpreventthis,thesymbolshallbeplacedon:如果产品的大小和功能不适于加贴上述标志时，可印在：

Packaging包装;Instructionsforuse说明书;

Warranty.保证卡2023/7/520InformationSupplied-AllWEEE信息提供-所有WEEE

InformationforTreatmentFacilities给处理机构的信息

-

InformationaboutreuseandtreatmentofEEE,ofcomponentsandhazardoussubstancesusedinsidetheproductandtheirlocationinsidetheproductanddisassemblyinformation.该信息应该包括针对电子电气设备以及相关零部件的再生与处理，零部件与有害物质在产品中的具体位置以及相应的拆除方法

-

Plasticparts,whichis>25gor>200mm2mustbemarkedaccordingISO1043对于总重量大于25克或面积大于200平方毫米的塑料部件必须按ISO1043规定的方法标识

2023/7/521InformationSupplied-AllWEEE信息提供-所有WEEE-Thisinformationmustbemadeavailabletoallinterestedpartiesespeciallytoreusecenters,treatmentandrecyclingfacilitiesintheformofmanuals,byelectronicmeansoron-lineonInternet.Theinformationmustbeavailablewithinoneyearafterplacingtheproductonthemarket.关于处理方法的信息，必须使所有对此感兴趣的机构均可获得，尤其应该对废弃物再生中心、处理或循环使用机构开放该信息可以通过用户手册、电子出版物或互联网在线服务等方式发布该信息应该在产品投放市场后的一年内仍能查询2023/7/522InformationSupplied-HouseholdWEEE

信息提供-家用WEEEDetailstobesuppliedtoconsumers:提供如下资料给消费者：NottodisposeofWEEEasunsortedmunicipalwaste,butcollectitseparately;不要将WEEE当做未分类垃圾随意丢弃，应进行分类回收Availablereturnandcollectionsystems;有效的回收系统Theroleofconsumersinthereuse,recyclingandotherformsofrecovery;

消费者应如何处理这些需要重复使用、再生及回收的事项Thepotentialeffectsontheenvironment&humanhealthofhazardoussubstancesintheWEEE.

WEEE中有害物质对环境和人身健康的潜在影响Meaningofthecrossedwheeliebinsymbol.带大叉有轮垃圾桶标志的含义Mayberequiredintheinstructionsand/oratpointofsale.

可以在说明书或/和销售地点获得2023/7/523RoHSDirective2002/95/EEC2023/7/524ReasonandObjective原因和目的WHY?为什么?Increasedriskthatleaddisposedatlandfillscontaminatesdrinkingwatersupplies

饮用水水源受废弃填埋物中铅污染的危机日益严重22%oftheannualworldconsumptionofmercuryisusedinelectronicandelectricalequipment

全世界每年消耗的汞，有22%被应用在电子电气设备中Brominatedflameretardantsemitfurananddioxinduringheating塑料中的溴化物阻燃剂在加热时会释放出呋喃与二噁英Objective目的Restrictionofoftheuseofhazardoussubstancesinelectricalandelectronicequipment限制电子电气设备中有害物质的使用andcontributetotheprotectionofhumanhealthandrecoveryanddisposalofwasteofelectricalandelectronicequipment并有利于保障人类健康，有利于报废电子电气设备的再生或处理2023/7/525Scope范围1SimilartotheWEEEDirective,except:与WEEE指令相似，除了：AppliestonewEEEplacedonthemarketafter1July2006.

仅对于2006年7月1日起投放市场的新产品。Includeshouseholdfilamentlightbulbs&luminaries.

包括家用的白炙灯泡和光源。Shouldnotdisobeythespecialregulationordirectivetosafetyandhealthy

不应违反特殊的关于安全和健康要求的专门指令或规定-VehicleELV(2000/53/EEC)

车辆指令-Batterydirective,91/157/EEC,93/86/EEC&98/101/EC

电池指令2023/7/526Scope范围2Excludes不包括：-Medicaldevicesormonitoring&controlequipment(WEEEcategories8&9);医用器材或监控设备-WEEE指令第8，9类-SparepartsfortherepairofEEEplacedonthemarketbefore1July2006;

在2006年7月1日前投放市场的维修备件。-Re-usedEEEoriginallyplacedonthemarketbefore1July2006.2006年7月1日前原先投放市场的再利用产品LargeHouseholdAppliances大型家用电器SmallHouseholdAppliances小型家用电器ITandTelecommunicationsEquipment信息与通讯设备4.ConsumerEquipment消费者5.LightingEquipment照明设备ElectricalandElectronicTools

电子与电气工具7.Toys,LeisureandSportsEquipment玩具,休闲娱乐设备与运动器材8MedicalDevices(notimplantedandinfecteddevices)(after2008)医疗装置(不包含灌输与被污染的装置)(2008之后)9MonitoringandControlInstruments(after2008)监测与控制仪表(2008之后)10.AutomaticDispenser自动售货机2023/7/527Requirements–Outline要求-概要Restrictedhazardoussubstances:限制的有毒物质:Heavymetals重金属: Lead铅;Mercury汞;Cadmium镉;Chromium(VI)六价铬.Certainbrominatedflameretardants:

某些溴化阻燃剂Polybrominatedbiphenyls(PBB’s);

多溴联苯Polybrominateddiphenylethers(PBDE’s).

多溴联苯醚2023/7/528Requirements–Outline要求-概要ProposalbyTAC(TechnicalAdaptationCommittee)TAC的提议(技术编写委员会)Amaximumconcentrationvalueupto0.1%byweightinspecificmaterialsofelectricalandelectronicequipmentforlead1),mercury,hexavalentchromium,polybrominatedbiphenyls(PBB)andpolybrominateddiphenylethers(PBDE),andupto0.01%byweightinspecificmaterialsforcadmium,shallbetolerated.电子电气设备使用的特定原材料中，允许的铅1)，汞，六价铬，多溴联苯(PBB)和多溴联苯醚(PBDE)含量最高为重量百分比0.1%，允许的镉含量最高为重量百分比0.01%。1)

Forsolderalloysusedtoattachelectricalcomponentstoprintedcircuitboards,amaximumconcentrationofleadof0.1%byweightofsolderalloyshallbetolerated.Forelectricalcomponentsattachedtotheprintedcircuitboard,amaximumconcentrationofleadof0.1%byweightofthecomponentshallbetolerated.用于印刷电路板上电气零部件焊接的焊料，其合金成分中允许的铅含量，最高为重量百分比。用于印刷电路板的电气零部件，其组成中允许的铅含量，最高为重量百分比0.1%。

2023/7/529Requirements–Outline要求-概要DefinitionofMaterial:(underdiscussion)原材料定义:(讨论中)Metals,(e.g.solderalloys,electroplatedcoatings,copperalloys,steelalloys,aluminumalloys),plasticsandplasticblends(e.g.ABS,polyamide,PBT),ceramics,glassetc.inthiscasethelimitsapplytomassofthesinglematerial金属,(例如合金焊料,电镀层,铜合金,铁合金,铝合金),塑料及其混合物(例如ABS,聚酰胺,PBT),陶瓷,玻璃等。在这种条件下，其含量限制适用于单一原材料Components(e.g.capacitors,switch,semiconductors,PCB,relaysetc.)inthiscasethelimitswouldapplytothemassofthewholecomponent元器件(例如电容器,开关,晶体管,PCB,继电器等)。在这种条件下，其含量限制适用于整个元件Assemblies组合件2023/7/530Lead-CurrentUse铅-实际应用Solder焊锡Glass玻璃Leadhalidesandleadphosphorsincertaingasdischargelamps.

某些气体放电灯中:铅的卤化物和铅的磷酸盐Electronicceramicparts.

电子陶瓷元件Amiable-Cuttingmetalandalloy.易切削金属或合金中的应用Metalliccoatings–brightener&stabiliser.

金属覆盖物-光亮剂和稳定剂Thermalstabiliserforplastics/rubber

塑胶/橡胶的热稳定剂Ink/pigment/paintforprinting/painting

墨水/颜料/油漆Batteries电池Resinadditives树脂添加剂Opticalcomponents光学组件Contacts触点Powercordsandwires电源和电缆2023/7/531Lead-PermittedUses(RoHSExemptions)

铅-允许应用(豁免)Glassin玻璃:Cathoderaytubes阴极射线管;Electroniccomponents电子元件;Fluorescenttubes荧光管.Alloyingelementsin合金:Steel(maximum0.35%lead)钢(最高0.35%的铅);Aluminium(maximum0.4%lead)铝(最高0.4%的铅);Copper(maximum4%lead)铜(最高4%的铅).Solders焊锡:Leadinhighmeltingtemperaturetypesolders(i.e.tin-leadsolder alloyscontainingmorethan85%leadleadbasedalloyscontaining85%byweightormorelead.)高温融焊料中的铅（即：锡铅焊料合金中铅含量超过85%,铅基体合金铅含量85％或更多）Servers,storage&storagearrays(until2010);服务器，存储器，存储器阵列（至2010）Networkinfrastructure&telecommanagement.网络基础设施和电信管理Electronicceramicparts,e.g.piezoelectronicdevices.

电子陶瓷元件.如压电陶瓷.Leadinsoldersforservers.storageandstoragearraysystems,Networkinfrastructureequipmentforswitching,signaling,transmissionaswellasnetworkmanagementfortelecommunications2023/7/532Lead-PermittedUses(RoHSExemptions)

铅-允许应用(豁免)Summary总之:Clarification明确了:leadusedincompliantpinconnectorsystems

铅在倾向于接脚连接系统中的应用leadasacoatingmaterialforthethermalconductionmoduleo-ring

铅在热传导模块C形圈涂层材料中的应用leadandcadmiuminopticalandfilterglass

铅和镉在光学和滤镜玻璃中的应用leadinsoldersconsistingofmorethantwoelementsfortheconnectionbetweenthepinsandthepackageofmicroprocessorswithaleadcontentofmorethan80%andlessthan85%byweight

铅在微处理器的接脚和封装间连接的由大于两种元素组成的焊锡的应用，铅的含量大于80％，小于85％。半导体leadinsolderstocompleteaviableelectricalconnectionbetweensemiconductordieandcarrierwithinintegratedcircuitFlipChippackages

铅在集成电路变址浮点运算芯片封装中半导体die核心和载子间完成可行的电连接。2023/7/533RoHSDirective

Mercury-CurrentUse汞-实际应用Fluorescentlamps,Highintensitydischarge(HID)lamps,

荧光灯管,高强度放电(HID)灯管,Paintingorpigmentorink

涂料或颜料LCDbacklight

液晶背光Tiltswitches/adjuster

倾斜度开关/调节器Reed-relays簧片式继电器Contactpointmaterials(e.grelays)

连接材料（如继电器）Anti-corrosiontreatment抗腐蚀处理Thermostats调温器Batteries电池etc等….2023/7/534RoHSDirective

Mercury-PermittedUses(RoHSExemptions)

汞-允许使用(豁免)Compactfluorescentlamps(maximum5mgperlamp);

微型荧光灯（每个灯最多不超过5毫克）Straightfluorescentlampsforgeneralpurposes:一般直式荧光灯Halophosphate(maximum10mgperlamp);

每个灯最多不超过10毫克Triphosphatewithnormallife(maximum5mgperlamp);

普通使用三磷酸盐（每个灯最多不超过5毫克）Triphosphatewithlonglife(maximum8mg);

长期使用三磷酸盐（最多不超过8毫克）Straightfluorescentlampsforspecialpurposes;

特殊用途直荧光灯Otherlampsnotspecificallymentioned.

其他灯具2023/7/535RoHSDirective

Cadmium-CurrentUse镉-实际应用Cadmiumplating.镉电镀Solarcells&otherlight-sensitivedevices,e.gCdTe

太阳电池和其他光敏器件Electricalcontactalloys,e.grelay,switch,thermostat

电接触合金,如继电器，开关，调温器Pigments,yellow–red-orangepigments

颜料Connectionpoint

接点Solder焊锡或熔丝Thermalstabiliserforplastics

塑胶的热稳定剂Opticalparts光学组件Batteries,e.gCd-Nibattery电池，如镍镉电池Springs弹簧Powercords电源线Wires电缆2023/7/536RoHSDirective

Cadmium-PermittedUses(RoHSExemptions)

镉-允许使用（豁免）Cadmiumplating,exceptforapplicationsbannedundertheCadmiumDirective91/338/EEC.e.g.productionequipmentormachineryandtheassociatedproductsincertainindustries.电镀镉，除了91/338/EEC禁止应用的以外。如生产设备、机器和在摹写工业领域的相关的产品。CadmiumanditscompoundsinelectricalcontactsandcadmiumplatingexceptforapplicationsbannedunderDirective91/338/EECamendingdirective76/769/EECrelatingtorestrictionsonthemarketinganduseofcertaindangeroussubstancesandpreparations.Clarificationofthecadmiumplatingexemption.在电接触部件和电镀镉中的镉及其化合物。明确了镉电镀的豁免。leadandcadmiuminopticalandfilterglass铅和镉在光学和滤光镜

2023/7/537RoHSDirective

Chromium(VI)-CurrentUse六价铬-实际应用Metalliccoatings，eg.Zincelectricalplatingsurface:Anti-Corrosionlayer

金属表层、和表面，如电镀锌金属表面的防腐层（钝化层）。Metalplatedplastics.

金属电镀的塑料Coatings,paints,inksforprinter

印刷和打印用的油墨、墨水Dichromateanti-corrosionsurface重铬酸盐防腐和自修复钝化层(0.2-2µm)Zincelectricalplatingsurface镀锌层(0.5-10µm)Metalbase金属基材2023/7/538RoHSDirective

Chromium(VI)-CurrentUse六价铬-实际应用

Anti-corrosionagentforthecarbonsteelsystemcoolingsysteminabsorptionrefrigerators.Andphaseoutwithexemption.

碳钢中的防腐剂，和电冰箱制冷剂中的防腐剂。并逐步停止使用。2023/7/539RoHSDirective

PBB’s&PBDE’s-CurrentUse

多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚-实际应用Thereareseriesofcompoundsconcerned.它们涉及一系列的化合物。TheyareusedasFlameretardantsusedforHousings;Printedcircuitboards;Cables,ratedV-0/V-1accordingtoUL94.它们以阻燃剂的用途用于屏蔽物和遮盖物，印刷电路板，电缆和电线等，根据UL94,V-0/V-1设定。2023/7/540RoHSDirective

PBB’s&PBDE’s-CurrentUse

多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚-实际应用

PBBs:mainlyusedforABSplastic(arylonitrile-butadiene-styrene)

主要用于ABS塑料USstopusedin1976,EUstopusedin2001

美国于1976年停用，欧盟2001年停用PBDEs:usedinplastics,PCBboardsandcables.

用于塑料，印刷电路板和电缆AndPenta/Octa/Deca-BDEsalwaysareavailable.

五/八/十溴联苯醚经常被使用-Penta-BDEs:mainlyusedforphenolicresins/PVC/rubber/PU,

五溴联苯醚：主要用于酚醛树脂/PVC塑胶/橡胶/聚氨酯-Octa-BDEs:mainlyusedforABS/PA/PBT,

八溴联苯醚：主要用于ABS/聚酰氨/聚丁烯-Deca-BDEs:mainlyusedforPA,PBT,PET,PVC,PU,rubber,

十溴联苯醚：主要用于聚酰氨/聚丁烯/聚酯/PVC/聚氨酯/橡胶2023/7/541RoHSDirective

PBB’s&PBDE’s-PermittedUses(RoHSExemptions)

多溴联苯和多溴联苯醚-允许使用（豁免）TherearecurrentlynoexemptionsforthesebrominatesflameretardantsexceptDeca-BDE.AndDeca-BDEisunderconsiderationbyEuropeanCommission.除了十溴联苯醚以外无豁免，十溴联苯醚正在重新评估之中。Penta-/Octa-BDEshavealreadybannedbyEUdirective-2003/11/EEC.五溴联苯醚和八溴联苯醚已经被欧盟指令－2003/11/EEC所禁用。2023/7/542RoHSDirectiveExemptionOngoingevaluation正在进行评估的豁免WithreferencetoArticle7(2),theCommissionshallevaluatetheapplicationsfor:根据在条款7(2)条中提及的程序，欧盟委员会将评价以下方面的应用

-deca-BDE;Theleadinlead-bronzebearingshellsandbushesTheleadcrystalintheglassofchandeliersTheuseofnon-RoHScompliantpartsfromoldelectricalandelectronicequipmentinthemanufactureofnewequipment.2023/7/543—Leadusedincompliant-pinVHDM(VeryHighDensityMedium)connectorsystem

顺应针(很高密度介质)连接系统中的铅—Leadasacoatingmaterialforathermalconductionmodulec-ring

热传导模块o形圈覆盖材料中的铅—Leadandcadmiuminopticalandfilterglass

光学和滤光玻璃中的铅和镉—Leadinopticaltransceiversforindustrialapplications

工业用途的光学收发器中的铅—Leadinsoldersconsistingofmorethantwoelementsfortheconnectionbetweenthepinsandthepackageofmicroprocessorswithaleadcontentofmorethan85%inproportiontothetin-leadcontent (exemptionuntil2010)

微处理器的接脚和封装间的超过两个元素组成的连接焊锡中的铅,其铅含量超过85%比例的铅锡合金.—Leadinhighmeltingtemperaturetypesolders(i.e.tin-leadsolderalloyscontainingmorethan85%lead)andanylowermeltingtemperaturesolderrequiredtobeusedwithhighmeltingtemperaturesoldertocompleteaviableelectricalconnection

高温型焊锡中的铅(如锡铅合金中的铅含量超过85%),和要求用于高熔化温度焊接以完成一可行的电连接的任何低温合金.RoHSDirectiveExemptionamendmentforRoHSDirective(VII)

修改的豁免2023/7/544—LeadinsolderstocompleteaviableelectricalconnectioninternaltocertainIntegratedCircuitPackages(FlipChips)(exemptionuntil2010)

焊锡中的铅是为满足某些集成电路(变址浮点运算芯片)有效可行的内部连接.—Article4(1)substancesinsafetyequipmentforfireandrescueservices.

第4(1)章中的物质在安全设备(火灾和营救服务)中.—Leadinlead-bronzebearing-shellsandbushes

在铅-青铜轴承外壳和衬套中的铅RoHSDirectiveExemptionamendmentforRoHSDirective(VIII)

修改的豁免2023/7/545ImplementationTimetableonWEEE&RoHSWEEE/RoHS执行时间表200320042005200620072008WEEEandRoHSpublishinofficialEU-JournalNationalimplementationCollectionquote4kg/inhabitantfromhousehold,recyclingandrecoveryquotesTakebacksystemonthemarketMaterialbansAmendmentofquotaforrecycling,recovery,reuseDeadlinesExtendedfornewEU-MemberFeb.13,2003Aug.13,2004(?)Dec.31,2006Aug.13,2005Jul.1,2006Dec.31,20082023/7/546ImplementationpresentsituationofEUcountriesonWEEE&RoHS欧盟国家WEEE/RoHS执行的现状Thereare3types:有三类国家Atype:activelytopush,sternlyexecutethedirective,andtheyalwayshavethegoodconditionandbasiconwastetreatmentsystem.A类：积极推进，执法严厉,他们通常有很好的废弃物处理系统-Btype:justfollow,theyhavethewastetreatmentsystemB类：仅跟进，他们一般有废弃物处理系统-Ctype:antipathy,C类：反感2023/7/547Recommendation建议2023/7/548Design设计Bringtheenvironmentalconceptintothedesignscheme,activelyandinitiativelyresearchanddevelopthenewmaterial/newtechnology/newideas在设计中纳入环保理念，积极主动研发和使用环保新材料、新技术和新观念：a）thedosageoftherawmaterial:aslessasbetter,thenumberofassistantmaterials:aslessasbetter,theoutputrate:ashigherasbetter.Theinputmaterialhadbettertoberecoveryandeasytocollect.原材料用量越少越好；辅助材料用得越少越好、产出率越高越好;导入的材料最好可再生、易回收；b）performance/quality/security/reliabilityoftheproductshouldbedesigntobetterorperfect,andprolongthedurability.产品的性能、质量、安全性、可靠性越高越好，使用寿命越长越好；c）easy-disassemblydesign:trytodesigntheproductasblocking,easyfordismantling/assemble/collection,inordertoreducethedismantlingfee,andcanalsoprolongthecompleteproductlife—onlyremoveandexchangeonepart.拆卸设计，要尽可能把产品各功能部分做成积木式，便于拆卸、组装和回收,降低回收处理拆解费用；同时可以延长整机的使用寿命-只换其中一部分便可.

HowtoapproachWEEE?如何实施以应对WEEE2023/7/549d）theperformanceoftheproductscanshowmorebenefittoenvironment,andenergyexhaustshouldbeaslowerasbetter.产品性能对环境越有利越好,能耗越小越好e）reducethemanufacturecostincludecostusedforenvironmentalprotection.尽量降低包括环境成本在内的生产成本；f)Reuseandrecycledesignconcept,andleadtomorepartswithreusedorrecyclingfunction.再生设计，产品中可重复利用的部分越多越好；But,GenerallyspeakingitwillnotsolvetheWEEEproblem(somepeoplethinkso,butitisnottrue.总体来说：设计无法解决所有问题Designforrecyclingisusefulwhencombinedwithotheritem循环设计只有和其他方面相结合才有用。*Lowerdisassemblytime=lowerassemblytime*Lessmaterialsdiversity=goodforlowerbillofmaterialHowtoapproachWEEE?如何实施以应对WEEE2023/7/550JointheEropeanIndstryAssociationEICTA加入欧洲工业协会EICTAJoinconsortiumofcompaniesdealingwithWEEEimplementation加入致力于WEEE实施的公司联合会Collectiveimplementationofindividualproducerresponsibilityisallowed允许单独生产者责任制的集体实施don’ttrytodobyyourself不要尝试着自己做-Nocompetitiveadvantage,butalsonocompetitivedisadvantage

没有竞争的优势，而且没有竞争的劣势。HowtoapproachWEEE?如何实施以应对WEEE2023/7/551Materialdeclaration:材料申明-Preparethemateriallist,andthematerial’sdetaillocation;

准备材料清单，和材料的具体位置；-Providetheeachmaterial’weight,thesematerialscanbereusedorrecycled,

提供每种有用材料的重量，这些材料可以被再利用和循环利用Then,Itcanreducethetreatmentcost,becausethewastetreatmentmanufactoriescansaletheusefulmaterials,suchasgoldorcoppertoearnthemoneybyusingthematerialdeclaration.

这样，就可以降低处理的费用，应为废弃物处理工厂可以通过卖掉有用的材