河南省洛阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试题【含答案解析】

第1页/共1页洛阳市2022——2023学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Drawapicture.B.Takeaphoto.C.Buyacamera.2.Whenarethespeakerschattingmostprobably?A.Intheafternoon.B.Inthemorning.C.Atnight.3Howmuchdoesthedresscost?A.$10.B.$45.C.$50.4.Wherewillthemanstay?A.InLosAngeles.B.InChicago.C.InHouston.5.Howdoesthewomanusuallyeat?A.Sheofteneatsjunkfood.B.Hermomcooksforher.C.Shenevereatsdinner.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Bossandsecretary.7.Wherearethespeakersgoing?A.Toarestaurant.B.Toabookstore.C.Totheirkitchen.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Shecaredforhermom.B.Shewenttoaconcert.C.Shewenttonightschool.9.Whydidthemancall?A.Tobuyaticket.B.TogettoknowMissLee.C.Toaskaboutthehomework.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whenwillthemanbegintoexercise?A.At2:00.B.At2:20.C.At2:30.11Howfaristhegym?A.Onemileaway.B.A10-minutewalk.C.A15-minuteride.12.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodointheafternoon?A.Gotothegym.B.Takeanexam.C.Gotoamovie.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoplaysthepianonow?A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman’sdaughter.C.Thewoman’smother.14.Howoftendidthewomanplaythepiano?A.Twiceaday.B.Fivetimesaweek.C.Almosteveryday.15.What’sthewoman?A.Awriter.B.Asinger.C.Apianist.16.What’sthebookthatthewomanmentionedabout?A.Agirlwhowantstobeanastronaut.B.Awomandreamingofbeingawriter.C.Awomanwholikesplayingthepiano.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidthespeakerandLilybecomefriends?A.Twoyearsago.B.Fiveyearsago.C.Tenyearsago.18.WhatdoesLilylike?A.Singing.B.Doingsports.C.Drawing.19.What’sMaria’sfavouritesport?A.Basketball.B.Ping-pong.C.Football.20.HowoldisLisa?A.Twelve.B.Thirteen.C.Fourteen.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEachcountryandculturehasitsownsetofpublicholidaysandfestivals.WhilesomeoftheseholidaysandfestivalslikeChristmasandNewYeararecommonacrosstheworld,therearemanymoreholidaysthatareunknownoutsideofnationalborders.1.BlessedRainyDayLifeinacountrywhereitrainsalotcanbehard.InBhutan,BlessedRainyDayistheholidaymarkingtheendofthemonsoonseason(雨季).Onthisday,everyoneisencouragedtoenjoyabathoutofthehousetowashawaybadluck.2.MelonDayTurkmenistan’sMelonDayisacelebrationoftheirnationalfruit.IttakesplaceonthesecondSundayinAugust.Thousandsofmouth-wateringmelonsaregivenawayintheheatoftheTurkmencapitalAshgabatonSundaytocelebrateMelonDay.3.“PunchYourNeighbor”FestivalThecitiesofPotosiandMachainBoliviaholdthefestivalintheBolivianAndesMountainsinMayeveryyear.It’scelebratedbythousandsofpeopleandit’sbasedontheQuechuaword“Tinku”thatmeans“meeting”.Themeaningofthewordhasbecomeworseasitnowiscelebratedwithbeatingsthatcanactuallyreallyhurtpeople.4.HaxeyHoodTheHaxeyHoodgameinEnglandhasabiggroupofpeopletryingtopushasmallleathertube(管子)towardsoneofthefourpubs(酒馆)intown,whereitwillstayuntilthefollowingyear’sgame.Onceapersonhasthetube,hecannotrunwithitorthrowit.Hehastopassitontopeopleonhisteam.Thegameusuallylastsafewhours.1.HowdopeoplecelebrateBlessedRainyDaymostprobably?A.Bypouringwateronothers. B.Bybelssingrainydaysindoors.C.Bygettingwetintherain. D.Bytakingabathinthebathroom.2.Wherewouldyougoifyouwanttogetfreefruit?A.ToBhutan. B.ToTurkmenistan. C.ToBolivia. D.ToEngland.3.WhatshouldpeopledoinHaxeyHood?A.Runwithateam. B.Pusheachotherforward.C.Trytowinadrinkatapub. D.Passatubetowardsapub.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了4个有趣的节日。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据1.BlessedRainyDay部分的“Lifeinacountrywhereitrainsalotcanbehard.InBhutan,BlessedRainyDayistheholidaymarkingtheendofthemonsoonseason(雨季).Onthisday,everyoneisencouragedtoenjoyabathoutofthehousetowashawaybadluck.(在一个经常下雨的国家生活可能会很艰难。在不丹，祈雨日是标志着季风季节结束的节日，在这一天，每个人都被鼓励在房子外面沐浴，以洗去厄运)”可知，在BlessedRainyDay这天人们会让雨把自己淋湿，以洗去厄运。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据2.MelonDay部分“Turkmenistan’sMelonDayisacelebrationoftheirnationalfruit.IttakesplaceonthesecondSundayinAugust.Thousandsofmouth-wateringmelonsaregivenawayintheheatoftheTurkmencapitalAshgabatonSundaytocelebrateMelonDay.(土库曼斯坦的MelonDay是庆祝他们国家水果的节日。它在八月的第二个星期日举行。周日，在土库曼首都阿什哈巴德炎热的天气里，数千个令人垂涎的西瓜被分发，以庆祝MelonDay)”可知，如果想得到免费的水果可以去土库曼斯坦。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据4.HaxeyHood部分的“TheHaxeyHoodgameinEnglandhasabiggroupofpeopletryingtopushasmallleathertube(管子)towardsoneofthefourpubs(酒馆)intown,whereitwillstayuntilthefollowingyear’sgame.(在英格兰的HaxeyHood比赛中，一大群人试图把一个小皮管推到镇上四家酒吧中的一家，直到下一年的比赛)”可知，在HaxeyHood节上人们把一根皮管子推到一家酒吧里。故选D。BManyofmyfriendsmeetonWednesdayinthemorningtogotoaspecificparkinglotsaleheldatasecond-handstore.Weloveitbecausewecanputwhateverfitsintothegrocerybagforjust$1.Aswefinishedonedayandpaidourdollars,wenoticedtheclothingthatremainedwasbeingthrownintotheirtrash(垃圾)can.Weaskedwhy,andtheysaidtheyhadnoroomfortheextraclothes.Iaskedthemwhytheyhavenotcontactedotherplaceslikechurches,sheltersforwomenandchildren.Theysaidtheydidseveraltimesinthepastandtheyonlycametwoorthreetimesandstoppedastheyhadtobethereataspecifictimeinthemorningwhichwasrightaftertheparkinglotsale.Aftercomingafewtimes,mostoftheseorganizationsquit.Well,wesaidthatwecouldtakewhateverwasleft.Theyagreed!Soweloadedourtwocarsuptotheroadsideanddraggedittoourcity.WehavedonethiseveryWednowfortwoyears!WeopenedupaclothingclosetcalledGiftsOfGracewhenastoragefacilitydonatedtwounitstous.Wewereholdingyardsalesandmarketsuntilthenforanyonewhoneededclothing.Nowwehavearealbuildingandadvertisefreeclothingforanyonewhohastheneed.Wehaveservedhundredsoffamiliesinthetougheconomy(经济)sofarwiththeclothingtheywerejustgoingtothrowaway.Nowourcommunityisbetterbecauseofit.Theirlivesaremadeabiteasiertohavethisopportunitytofindniceclothingfornotonesinglepenny.Wevolunteerandrunitabouttwoorthreedaysaweek.4.Whydidtheorganizationsquitaccordingtotheworkersatthestore?A.Theydidn’tarriveontime. B.Theydidn’tneedtheclothes.C.Theydidn’thaveextraspace. D.Theydidn’thaveasuitabletime.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Theauthor’scar. B.Theremainingclothing.C.Thespecificparkinglot. D.Theauthor’sgrocerybag.6.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutwhathehasdone?A.Fortunate. B.Proud. C.Inspired. D.Surprised.7.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Whenyouhelpothers,youalsohelpyourself.B.Afriendindeedisknownbysharinghiswealth.C.Oneperson’strashisanotherperson’streasure.D.Itiseveryone’sresponsibilitytomakeuseofwaste.【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者和朋友们把其他人打算扔掉的衣服送给那些有需要的人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theysaidtheydidseveraltimesinthepastandtheyonlycametwoorthreetimesandstoppedastheyhadtobethereataspecifictimeinthemorningwhichwasrightaftertheparkinglotsale.Aftercomingafewtimes,mostoftheseorganizationsquit.(他们说他们以前来过几次，只来过两三次就停了下来，因为他们必须在早上的特定时间到达那里，也就是停车场销售之后。在来了几次之后，这些组织中的大多数都退出了)”可知，组织退出是因为时间不合适。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Aswefinishedonedayandpaidourdollars,wenoticedtheclothingthatremainedwasbeingthrownintotheirtrash(垃圾)can.Weaskedwhy,andtheysaidtheyhadnoroomfortheextraclothes.(有一天，当我们买好东西并付完钱时，我们注意到剩下的衣服被扔进了他们的垃圾桶。我们问为什么，他们说没有地方放多余的衣服)”和第三段的“Well,wesaidthatwecouldtakewhateverwasleft.Theyagreed!Soweloadedourtwocarsuptotheroadsideanddraggedittoourcity.(好吧，我们说过我们可以拿走剩下的任何东西。他们同意了！于是我们把两辆车停在路边装车，把它拖到我们的城市)”可知，作者和朋友打算拿走剩下的衣服。因此it指代“剩下的衣服”，即他们把剩下的衣服拖到自己所在的城市。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Nowwehavearealbuildingandadvertisefreeclothingforanyonewhohastheneed.Wehaveservedhundredsoffamiliesinthetougheconomy(经济)sofarwiththeclothingtheywerejustgoingtothrowaway.Nowourcommunityisbetterbecauseofit.Theirlivesaremadeabiteasiertohavethisopportunitytofindniceclothingfornotonesinglepenny.(现在我们有了真正的建筑，并为任何有需要的人宣传免费的衣服。到目前为止，我们已经为数百个经济困难的家庭提供了人们打算扔掉的衣服。现在我们的社区因为它变得更好了。他们的生活变得更容易了，因为有机会不用花一分钱就能找到好衣服)”可知，因为作者他们的行为，很多家庭的生活不再那么艰难。由此推知，作者对自己所做的感到自豪。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述作者和朋友们把其他人打算扔掉的衣服送给那些有需要的人，结合倒数第二段的“Wehaveservedhundredsoffamiliesinthetougheconomy(经济)sofarwiththeclothingtheywerejustgoingtothrowaway.Nowourcommunityisbetterbecauseofit.Theirlivesaremadeabiteasiertohavethisopportunitytofindniceclothingfornotonesinglepenny.(到目前为止，我们已经为数百个经济困难的家庭提供了人们打算扔掉的衣服。现在我们的社区因为它变得更好了。他们的生活变得更容易了，因为有机会不用花一分钱就能找到好衣服)”推知，作者可能认同“Oneperson’strashisanotherperson’streasure.(一个人的垃圾是另一个人的财富)”，即：变废为宝。故选C。CAnearlynightcanworkwondersforkidswithnewresearchshowingsleepcanreduceBodyMassIndex(BMI)justaswellasexercise.Australianscientistshavediscoveredthatwhilephysicalexercisegivesgreatall-roundhealthandwellbeing,childrencanachievethesame7.4percentreductioninBMIbyeitherexercising17minutesmoreaday,sleepinganextra52minutesorreducingtheirsittingtimebyanextra56minutes.Thestudy,fromtheUniversityofSouthAustralia,theMurdochChildren’sResearchInstituteandtheNationalHeartFoundationofAustralia,assessed(评估)1,179childrenaged11and12.“Internationalguidelinessuggestthatchildrenneed9to11hoursofsleep,60minutesofphysicalexerciseandnomorethantwohoursofrelaxingscreentimeperday,yetonly7percentofchildrencanmeetthesegoals,”saidleadresearcherDr.DotDumuid,fromtheUniversityofSouthAustralia.QueenslandsleepexpertAmandaBudesaidsleephadaninfluenceonchildren’sphysicalandmental(心理的)health.“Sleephealthisnotjustaboutthephysicalcharacteristics(特征)ofhealthbutalsothementalhealthandsafetyofourteens.Notgettingenoughofsleepcanhaveabadinfluenceonemotionaldevelopmentandevencausesomementalhealthproblems.Itissoimportantthatparentsareabletohelptheirchildrendealwiththeoverschedulingoftheirbusylivesandkeephealthyaswell.Asachildenterstheteenageyearstheircircadianclock(生物钟)startstosetlaterandlaterandfindingabalanceisimportant,”shesaid.SunshineCoastmumCindyBuswellsaidkeepingherfourchildrenactiveduringthedayhelpedthemgetagoodnight’ssleep.“Goodsleepandexerciseshouldgohand-in-handnotoneortheother,”shesaid.SandringhammumMaxineThomsonalsothoughtthatsleepwasimportantforhertwodaughters.“Theyhavealwayshadprettygoodhabits.At8p.m.wedoreadingandwinddown.”shesaid.8.Howlongdotheinternationalguidelinessuggestforchildren’sscreentime?A.Onlyonehour. B.Justtwohours.C.Notmorethanonehour. D.Lessthantwohours.9.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bygivingexplanations. B.Byfollowingtimeorder.CByaskingquestions. D.Byshowingcauseandeffect.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“winddown”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Relaxslowly. B.Suddenlystop.C.Fallasleep. D.Getrecovered.11.What’sasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.DotherightamountofsleepandneveroverdoitB.SleepisjustasgoodasexercisetokeepkidshealthyC.SleepingtoomuchcanbebadforyourmentalhealthD.Healthandwellnessaredependentonsleepandexercise【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项新的研究发现，充足的睡眠和锻炼一样有助于儿童的身心健康。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Internationalguidelinessuggestthatchildrenneed9to11hoursofsleep,60minutesofphysicalexerciseandnomorethantwohoursofrelaxingscreentimeperday,yetonly7percentofchildrencanmeetthesegoals(国际指导方针建议，儿童每天需要9到11小时的睡眠，60分钟的体育锻炼，仅2小时的屏幕放松时间，但只有7%的儿童能达到这些目标)”可知，国际指导方针建议儿童的屏幕放松时间只有2小时。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Sleephealthisnotjustaboutthephysicalcharacteristics(特征)ofhealthbutalsothementalhealthandsafetyofourteens.Notgettingenoughofsleepcanhaveabadinfluenceonemotionaldevelopmentandevencausesomementalhealthproblems.(睡眠健康不仅关系到身体健康，还关系到青少年的心理健康和安全。睡眠不足会对情感发展产生不良影响，甚至会导致一些心理健康问题)”可推知，作者通过解释来组织文章。故选A。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子“Theyhavealwayshadprettygoodhabits.At8p.m.wedoreadingandwinddown.(他们一直都有很好的习惯。晚上8点，我们读书，winddown)”可知，孩子们有好的睡眠习惯。因此，晚上8点读书，孩子们可以慢慢放松，为睡觉做好准备。由此猜测，划线短语意为“慢慢放松”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“AnearlynightcanworkwondersforkidswithnewresearchshowingsleepcanreduceBodyMassIndex(BMI)justaswellasexercise.(一项新的研究表明，早睡对孩子们来说可以创造奇迹，睡眠可以像锻炼一样降低身体质量指数)”可知，文章主要介绍充足的睡眠和锻炼一样有助于孩子的身心健康。由此可知，B项“Sleepisjustasgoodasexercisetokeepkidshealthy(睡眠和锻炼一样有助于孩子的健康)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。DYouhaveprobablyheardthesaying,“Whenlifegivesyoulemons(柠檬),makelemonade.”Sincelemonsareconsideredbitterandlemonadeisconsideredsweet,thesayingtellsyoutomakethebestoutofabadsituation.Unfortunately,whensomethingbadhappens,it’snotuncommonformostpeopletotalkaboutittoanyonewho’lllisten,andcomplain(抱怨)aboutlife,“Whyme?”That’slikegettingabagoflemons,puttingthemdown,andthinking“Lemonstastebad!I’dratherhavechocolate!”Ifyoudon’tmakeanythingwiththelemons,theywillgobad.Butwhatifyoudidsomethingwiththem?Whatifyoumadelemonade?Isn’titpossibletodosomethingsimilarwithabadsituation?Here’sanexample:Let’ssayyou’reabouttogotothemovies,butyoudiscoveryouhaveaflattire(瘪胎).Youconsiderthisaterriblething.Afterall,youarereallylookingforwardtospendingsometimewithRyanGoslingandEmmaStone.Nowyou’reallstressedout,hatingthetire,thecar,andyourlife.ButwhatifyoucalledAAA,gotyourtirefixedorgotcaughtuponthingsthatyou’dbeenmeaningtodo?Whatifyoudidsomereading,orhadcoffeewithafriendinstead?Abadexperiencecanbeturnedintosomethinggood.Almostanythingcanworkitselfoutintosomethingbetter.Youcan’tchangewhathashappened,right?Somakethebestofit.I’mnotsayingitwillbeeasy.Theeasythingtodoiscomplainaboutyourbadsituationandnotconsiderwhatitcouldbeturnedinto.Nexttimewhensomeunfortunatethingshappenstopandthink,“HowcanIturnthisaround?HowcanImakeitanawesomeexperience?”Youneedn’tfeardifficulties.Aslongasyoukeeponchangingit,youwillseethebenefitsatlast.12.Whydoestheauthorquotethesayinginparagraph1?A.Toleadinthetopic. B.Toraiseaquestion.C.Totellthedifference. D.Tointroducethespeaker.13.Whatdomostpeopleusuallydowhensomethingbadhappens?A.Acceptit. B.Findoutthereasons.C.Askothersforhelp. D.Complainaboutit.14.Whydoestheauthorusetheexampleofseeingamovie?A.Totellushowtoavoidawkwardsituations.B.Totellusthataflattirehappensfromtimetotime.C.Totelluswhatwecandowheninbadsituations.D.Totellusmeetingfilmstarsisaveryexcitingexperience.15.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthebestwaytodealwithabadsituation?A.Tryinghardtosolveit. B.Laughingyourwaythroughit.C.Turningitintosomethinggood. D.Thinkingmoreaboutitsbenefits.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过柠檬、看电影来讲述了当不幸发生时，不要抱怨，改变它，你就会看到好处。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Sincelemonsareconsideredbitterandlemonadeisconsideredsweet,thesayingtellsyoutomakethebestoutofabadSituation.(因为柠檬被认为是苦的，柠檬汁被认为是甜的。所以这句谚语告诉你要在糟糕的情况下做到最好)”并结合下文论述要将糟糕的情况变成积极的体验推知，引用“Whenlifegivesyoulemons(柠檬),makelemonade.”是为了引出本文的主题。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Unfortunately,whensomethingbadhappens,it’snotuncommonformostpeopletotalkaboutittoanyonewho’lllisten,andcomplain(抱怨)aboutlife,“Whyme?”(不幸的是，当不好的事情发生时，大多数人会向愿意倾听的人抱怨生活，“为什么是我？”)”可知，当不好的事情发生时，大多数人会抱怨。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“ButwhatifyoucalledAAA,gotyourtirefixedorgotcaughtuponthingsthatyou’dbeenmeaningtodo?Whatifyoudidsomereading,orhadcoffeewithafriendinstead?Abadexperiencecanbeturnedintosomethinggood.Almostanythingcanworkitselfoutintosomethingbetter.Youcan’tchangewhathashappened,right?Somakethebestofit.I’mnotsayingitwillbeeasy.(但如果你打电话给汽车协会，把轮胎修好，或者忙着做你一直想做的事情呢？如果你读点书，或者和朋友喝杯咖啡呢？糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。几乎任何事情都可以自己变得更好。你无法改变已经发生的事，对吧？所以要充分利用它)”推知，看电影的例子是告诉我们在糟糕的情况下可以做什么。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Sincelemonsareconsideredbitterandlemonadeisconsideredsweet,thesayingtellsyoutomakethebestoutofabadSituation.(因为柠檬被认为是苦的，柠檬汁被认为是甜的，所以这句谚语告诉你要从不好的处境中获得最好的)”，第三段中的“Abadexperiencecanbeturnedintosomethinggood.Almostanythingcanworkitselfoutintosomethingbetter..(糟糕的经历可以转化为美好的经历。几乎任何事情都可以自己变得更好)”以及最后一段“Nexttimewhensomeunfortunatethingshappenstopandthink,“HowcanIturnthisaround?HowcanImakeitanawesomeexperience?”Youneedn’tfeardifficulties.Aslongasyoukeeponchangingit,youwillseethebenefitsatlast.(下次当不幸的事情发生时，停下来想一想:“我怎样才能扭转局面?我怎样才能让它成为一种很棒的体验？”你不必害怕困难。只要你坚持改变，你最终会看到好处的)”推知，作者认为处理糟糕情况的最好方法把它变成积极的体验。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowwhatharmfuldrinkscancause:obesity,heartproblems,stomachpain,skindiseases,calories...ThislistsoundssoscarysoIdon’twanttocontinueit.Butwhatif…whatifwecompletelyreplacealldrinkswithwater.____16____Youloseweightfaster.Yeah,youdo!Nospecialdietisrequired.Youreplacealldrinkswithwaterfor9days,andyou’lllosetheequalamountofcaloriesaswhenjoggingfor8kilometersaday.____17____I’mgoingtotryitout.Areyou?Yourbrainworksbetter.Doyouknowthatyourbrainis75%to85%water—nothingelsejustwater?Sobydrinking,youfuelit,whichhelpsyouconcentrate.Drinkwatertoworkmoreefficiently.Copewithalldailytasksquickly.____18____Doesn’tthissoundlikeadream?Yourheartworksbetter.Yes,it’satruefact.Fiveglassesofwateradaylowerstheriskofaheartattackby41%!____19____Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Haveaglassofwatertostayhealthy.____20____Waterreducesappetite(食欲),whichhelpsyouloseweight.Alsosometimes,weconfusehungerwiththirst.Ifyousuddenlywanttoeatsomethinghigh-calorie,maybeallyouneedisjustaglassofwater.Tryitoutnexttimeyoufeelhungry.Itreallyworks.A.Youeatless.B.Youneverfeelthirsty.C.Howcanwechangeourlife?D.Thisnumberisreallyimpressive.E.Whatwouldhappenwithourbodiesthen?F.Andyouwillstayenergizedevenlateintheevening.G.Thisseemstobeagreatwaytostayslimwithoutmucheffort.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.D20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喝水的好处：有助于更快减肥，让大脑更好的运转，对心脏有益，减少食欲从而减肥。【16题详解】根据上文“Weallknowwhatharmfuldrinkscancause:obesity,heartproblems,stomachpain,skindiseases,calories...ThislistsoundssoscarysoIdon’twanttocontinueit.Butwhatif…whatifwecompletelyreplacealldrinkswithwater.(我们都知道有害饮料会导致什么：肥胖、心脏问题、胃痛、皮肤病、卡路里……这个清单听起来很吓人，所以我不想继续下去了。但如果……如果我们把所有的饮料都换成水呢)”和下文陈述的几个身体变化可知，推知空处提问：我们的身体会发生什么，E项“Whatwouldhappenwithourbodiesthen?(那么我们的身体会发生什么？)”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Youreplacealldrinkswithwaterfor9days,andyou’lllosetheequalamountofcaloriesaswhenjoggingfor8kilometersaday.(你用水代替所有的饮料9天，你会损失与每天慢跑8公里相同的热量)”可知，连续9天用水代替饮料的效果相当于每天慢跑8公里消耗的热量。由此可知，用水代替饮料是一个减肥的好方法。G项“Thisseemstobeagreatwaytostayslimwithoutmucheffort.(这似乎是一个不费吹灰之力就能保持苗条身材的好方法)”符合题意。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文“Sobydrinking,youfuelit,whichhelpsyouconcentrate.Drinkwatertoworkmoreefficiently.Copewithalldailytasksquickly.(因此，通过喝水，你可以为其提供燃料，这有助于你集中注意力。喝水可以提高工作效率。快速处理所有日常任务)”可知，喝水可以提高工作效率，快速处理日常事物。由此推知，空处依然陈述喝水在给大脑注入精力方面的好处。F项“Andyouwillstayenergizedevenlateintheevening.(即使到了晚上，你也会精力充沛)”符合题意。故选F。【19题详解】根据上文“Yes,it’satruefact.Fiveglassesofwateradaylowerstheriskofaheartattackby41%!(是的，这是一个真实的事实。每天喝五杯水可以将心脏病发作的风险降低41%!)”可知，每天喝五杯水可以大大降低心脏病发作的风险，41%是一个令人震惊的数字。D项“Thisnumberisreallyimpressive.(这个数字真是令人印象深刻)”符合题意，thisnumber指上文的41%。故选D。【20题详解】空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Waterreducesappetite(食欲),whichhelpsyouloseweight.Alsosometimes,weconfusehungerwiththirst.Ifyousuddenlywanttoeatsomethinghigh-calorie,maybeallyouneedisjustaglassofwater.Tryitoutnexttimeyoufeelhungry.Itreallyworks.(水可以减少食欲，帮助你减肥。有时，我们把饥饿和口渴混为一谈。如果你突然想吃高热量的东西，也许你只需要一杯水。下次你饿的时候试试。它真的很管用)”可知，减少食欲也是喝水的好处。A项“Youeatless.(你吃得更少)”可以作为本段小标题。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Adaughterwastiredoffighting.Shethoughtabout____21____.Itseemedasifoneproblemwasjustsolvedbeforeanewone____22____.Herfathertookhertothekitchen.He____23____threepotswithwaterandplacedeachonafire.Heplacedcarrots,eggs,coffeebeansineachofthepots.Heletthemboil,withoutsayingaword.Thedaughter____24____waited,askingrepeatedlywhathewasdoing.Inabouttwentyminutesheturned____25____theburners.Hepulledthecarrotsandtheeggsoutandplacedthemeachinabowl.Thenhespoonedthecoffeeoutandplaceditinanother.____26____herheasked,“Darling,whatdoyousee?”“Carrots,eggs,andcoffee,”she____27____.Heaskedhertofeelthecarrots.Shedidsoandnotedthattheyweresoft.Hethenaskedhertotakeaneggandbreakit.After____28____offtheshell,shefoundthehard-boiledegg!Finally,heaskedhertotastethecoffee.Shesmiledasshetasteditsrichflavor(香味).She____29____asked,“Whatdoesitmean,Father?”Heexplainedthateachofthemhadfacedthesame_____30_____,boilingwater,buteachreacteddifferently.Thecarrothadbeenhard.Butafter_____31_____theboilingwater,itsoftened.Theegghadbeeneasily_____32_____.Butaftersittingthroughtheboilingwater,its_____33_____becamehardened.Thecoffeebeansweredifferent,however.Aftertheywereintheboilingwater,theyhadchangedthe_____34_____.“Whichareyou?”heasked.“Whenchallengeknocksonyourdoor,howdoyou_____35_____?Areyouacarrot,anegg,oracoffeebean?”21.A.makingup B.givingup C.keepingup D.signingup22.A.quit B.failed C.asked D.arose23.A.filled B.covered C.cleaned D.washed24.A.kindly B.happily C.impatiently D.independently25.A.on B.off C.up D.down26.A.Fedupwith B.Catchingupwith C.Turningto D.Movedby27.A.applied B.described C.argued D.replied28.A.pulling B.letting C.biting D.putting29.A.sharply B.awkwardly C.disappointedly D.humbly30.A.strength B.relief C.challenge D.failure31.A.drinking B.feeling C.passing D.suffering32.A.removed B.broken C.boiled D.prepared33.A.sound B.side C.face D.inside34A.water B.function C.power D.pot35.A.respond B.recover C.choose D.calm【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.D30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了一个女儿向她的父亲抱怨她的生活。她的父亲在沸水中分别煮了三种东西：胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆。通过和女儿一起观察这三种事物面对沸水的反应，这位父亲告诉女儿一个生活哲理，当面对困境时，自己想充当什么样的角色决定了事情的结果。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她想放弃。A.makingup组成，编造；B.givingup放弃；C.keepingup保持，不落后；D.signingup报名。根据上文“Adaughterwastiredoffighting.”推知，女孩想放弃。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎一个问题刚刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。A.quit放弃；B.failed失败；C.asked询问，要求；D.arose出现。根据上文“Adaughterwastiredoffighting.”可知，此处指问题不断，即一个问题刚解决，另一个问题又出现了。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在三个罐子里装满了水，把每个罐子放在火上。A.filled填满；B.covered覆盖；C.cleaned清理，打扫；D.washed清洗。根据“withwaterandplacedeachonafire.”可知，父亲把罐子装满水然后放在火上。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：女儿不耐烦地等着，反复问他在做什么。A.kindly友善地；B.happily高兴地；C.impatiently不耐烦地；D.independently独立地。根据“askingrepeatedlywhathewasdoing.”可知，女儿已经不耐烦了。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约二十分钟后，他关掉了火炉。A.(turned)on打开；B.(turned)off关掉；C.(turned)up调大；D.(turned)down关小，拒绝。根据“Hepulledthecarrotsandtheeggsoutandplacedthemeachinabowl.”可知，父亲关掉了炉子，把里面煮的东西拿出来。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他转向她问道:“亲爱的，你看到了什么?”A.Fedupwith对……感到厌烦；B.Catchingupwith追上，赶上；C.Turningto求助于，转向；D.Movedby被……感动。根据“Darling,whatdoyousee?”可知，父亲转过身问女儿。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她回答：“胡萝卜，鸡蛋和咖啡。”A.applied申请，涂抹；B.described描述；C.argued争辩；D.replied回复，回答。根据上文“Darling,whatdoyousee?”可知，此处是女儿回答父亲的问题。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：剥去蛋壳后，她发现了煮熟的鸡蛋!A.pulling拉；B.letting让；C.biting咬；D.putting放置。根据“shefoundthehard-boiledegg”可知，女孩把鸡蛋壳剥了，pulloff“脱去”固定短语。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她谦虚地问道：“这是什么意思，父亲？”A.sharply急剧地；B.awkwardly尴尬地；C.disappointedly失望地；D.humbly谦逊地。根据上文“Shesmiledasshetasteditsrichflavor(香味).”可知，女孩谦虚地问父亲。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他们每个人都面临着同样的挑战，沸水，但每个人的反应不同。A.strength力量；B.relief宽慰，轻松；C.challenge挑战；D.failure失败。结合上文故事可知，父亲把沸水比作生活中的挑战。且下文的“Whenchallengeknocksonyourdoor”也是提示。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在经历了沸水之后，它变软了。A.drinking喝；B.feeling感觉；C.passing通过；D.suffering遭受，经历。根据上文“Heplacedcarrots,eggs,coffeebeansineachofthepots.Heletthemboil,withoutsayingaword.”可知，此处是指胡萝卜在经历沸水之后边软了。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸡蛋之前很容易被打碎。A.removed移除；B.broken打破；C.boiled沸腾，煮沸；D.prepared准备。根据上文“Thecarrothadbeenhard”和下文“Thecoffeebeansweredifferent”可知，此处指鸡蛋在被煮之前，很容易破。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在沸水中浸泡后，它的内部变得坚硬起来。A.sound声音；B.side边，面；C.face脸，面；D.inside里面，内部。结合常识可知，鸡蛋被煮后，内部会变硬。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：水沸腾之后，它们改变了水。A.water水；B.function功能；C.power力量，权力；D.pot罐子。根据上文“Thecoffeebeansweredifferent,however.”并结合常识可知，咖啡豆让水有了咖啡的味道，因此它们改变了水。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你是哪一个？”他问道。“当挑战敲到你的门时，你会如何回应？你是胡萝卜、鸡蛋还是咖啡豆？”A.respond回应，作出反应；B.recover恢复；C.choose选择；D.calm使……冷静。根据“Areyouacarrot,aneggoracoffeebean?”可知这里意思是当逆境敲门时，你该如何应对。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MostoftheChristmastraditionsinGreeceare____36____(slight)differentfromtheWest.Childrentrave