陪你度过雅思备考热身训练24天阅读篇

PAT24每日一练阅读题秋季合是根据2013年9月-11月中尚友论订。为什么要做这个每日一练秋季合阅读篇呢Economist体味原汁原味的英文文章，也为“语言输出”写作部分打下那如何使用每日一练秋季合阅读篇呢翻译进行修改，考虑自己和参考答案的不足及原因~这里还有每日一练的姊妹篇~题目~请戳 请猛戳尚友>雅思专区点击发帖，类别选择“求助讨论”，尚友雅思专区会不定期开展各种帮助大家备考的活动哦，加，可以得到高分版主的针对性点评和建议，可以拿，还可以结识一起的小伙伴哦~大家可以关注我们的雅思备考//人人主页，有活ComeOnBaby,HereWeGiventhequestionsofhowtomanoeuvreinthedark,whatsolutionsmightanengineerThefirstonethatmightoccurtohimistomanufacturelight,tousealanternorasearchlight.Firefliesandsomefish(usuallywiththehelpofbacteria)havethepowertomanufacturetheirownlight,buttheprocessseemstoconsumealargeamountofEvidencesuggeststhatakeysteptodevelopaonbullying,sayingclearlywhatismeantbybullying,andgivingexplicitguidelinesonwhatwillbedoneifitoccurs,whatrecordswillbekept,whowillbeinformed,whatsanctionswillbeemployed.Theshouldbedevelopedthroughconsultation,overaperiodoftime—notjustimposedfromtheheadteacher'soffice.Pupils,parentsandstaffshouldfeeltheyhavebeeninvolvedinthe,whichneedstobedisseminatedandimplementedeffectively.Toomanypeoplelivinginfragileenvironmenthavelosttheircontrolovereconomies,theircultureandtheirenvironmentwhentourismhasMerelyrestrictingtourismcannotbethesolutiontotheimbalance,becausepeople'sdesiretoseenewceswillnotjustgreatercontrolovertourismventuresintheirregions,inordertobalancetheirneedsandaspirationswiththedemandsof到类似的topic哦~TheBangladeshiernmenthasapprovedadraftlawproposingtoughpenaltiesforrecruitmentagenciesfoundguiltyofduworkerswithpromisesoflucrativejobsoverseas,onlytoleavethemin ejobswithimproperworkpermits.Theproposedlawwouldmeanaumoftenyearsinprisonandaround$6,000fineforanyoneconvictedofcheatingorforgingsofmigrantworkers.atastartlingpace.Whiletheglobaleconomyhasbeenexpandingatabitover3%ayear,thevolumeoftradehasbeenrisingatacompoundannualrateofabouttwicethat.Foreignproducts,frommeattomachinery,yamoreimportantroleinalmosteveryeconomyintheworld,andforeignmarketsnowtemptbusinessesthatnevermuchworriedaboutsalesbeyondtheirnation'sborders.ManyoftheArctictouristdestinationshavebeenexploitedbyoutsidecompanies,whoemploytransientworkersandrepatriatemostoftheprofitstotheirhomebase.ButsomeArcticcommunitiesarenowoperatingtourbusinessesthemselves,therebyensuringthatthebenefitsaccruelocally.Forinstance,anativecorporationinAlaska,employinglocalpeople,isrunninganairtourfromAnchoragetoKotzebue,wheretouristseatArcticfood,walkonthetundraandwatchlocalmusiciansanddancers.Whatliesbehindthisexplosionininternationalcommerce?Thegeneralworldwidedeclineintradebarriers,suchascustomsdutiesandimportquotas,issurelyoneexnation.Theeconomicopeningofcountriesthathavetraditionallybeenminoryersisanother.Butonebehindtheimport-exportboomhaspassedallbutunnoticed:therapidlyfallingcostofgettinggoodstoRegardlessofwhethergoalsareachievableorwellwithinmanagement'sperceptionsoftheemployee'sability,ifemployeesseethemasunachievabletheywillreducesure,therefore,thatemployeesfeelconfidentthattheireffortscanleadtoperformancegoals.Formanagers,thismeansthatemployeesmusthavethecapabilityofngthejobandmustregardtheappraisalprocessasvalid.翻译~第一个topic是management哦Managersneedtomakerewardscontingentonperformance.Torewardfactorsotherthanperformancewillonlyreinthoseotherfactors.Keyrewardssuchaspayincreasesandpromotionsoradvancementsshouldbeallocatedfortheattainmentoftheemployee'sspecificgoals.Consistentwith izingtheimpactofrewards,managersshouldlookforwaystoincreasetheirvisibility.Thewayrewardsaredistributedshouldbetransparentsothatemployeesperceivethatrewardsoresareequitableandequaltotheinputsgiven.Onasimplisticlevel,experience,abilities,effortandotherobviousinputsshouldexindifferencesinpay,responsibilityandotherobvious Itisagreatdealeasiertomotivateemployeesinaorganisationthanadecliningone.Whenorganisationsareexpandingandaddingnel,promotionalandtheexcitementofbeingassociatedwithadynamicorganisationcreatefeelingsofoptimism.Managementisabletousethegrowthtoenticeandencourageemployees.Whenanorganisationisshrinking,thebestandmostworkersarepronetoleavevoluntarily.Thereisanabundanceofevidencetosupportthemotivational thatresultfromcarefullymatchingtojobs.Forexample,ifthejobisrunningasmallbusinessoranautonomousunitwithinalargerbusiness,highachieversshouldbesought.However,ifthejobtobefilledisamanagerialpostinalargebureaucraticorganisation,acandidatewhohasahighneedforpowerandalowneedforaffiliationshouldbeselected.TencenthascreatedabetterbusinessmodelthanitsWesternpeers.Manyinternetfirmsbuildacustomerbasebygivingthingsaway,betheysearchresultsorsocial-networkingtools.Theythenseektomonetisetheirusers,usuallyturningtoonlineadvertising.isagloriousexample.Otherfirmstrytomake mercework.Butasthecaseofrevenue-richbutprofit-poorAmazonsuggests,thiscanalsobeahardslogManagement了呢~下一个topic是关于诺贝尔奖的哦~而且是消息==，来来，一探究竟吧~THENobelprizesinphysiologyormedicine,physicsandchemistryarethemostprestigiousgongsinscience.Theannualannouncementofthewinnersisabigeventinthescientificcalendar,asistheritzypartythattakesceonDecember10thtohonourthewinnersdirectly.Buttalktoscientistsinprivate,andmanywillgrumble.TheNobelsareagreatwaytogetpeopleinterestedinscience,they’llsay,andit’sgoodthatwehavethem.Buttherehavebeenstrangeomissions,withpeoplewhoshouldhavewonaprizedenied.Thegrumpiestcominthatdespitetheglitzoftheprizes,andtheensuingmediaattentioninarticleslikethisone,therulesthaternthemnolongerreflectthewaymodernscienceworks.Why(besideslousy,perhaps)aresomescientistsunhappywiththeOnereasonisthatthecommitteescanoftenbeslowtorecogniseachievement.AlfredNobel,thedynamitemagnatewhosetuptheprizesin1895,specifiedinhiswillthattheprizesshouldrewardworkdoneinthepreviousyear.Butexperiencesoonshowedthatthiswasrisky,asmedalsweregivenoutfordiscoveriesthatlaterprovedTherewasspeculationthisyearthattheNobelwouldbreakwithanothertradition,thatorganisationsarenothonouredinthescienceprizes,andgivepartofthephysicsgongtoCERNitself.Buttheydidn’t.TherulesspecifiedinNobel'swillhavebeenreinterpretedinthepast.Itmaybetimetorejigthemonceagain.于no-frills航空的~思考下No-frills航空是怎样的航空呢~Inthe1950sflyingwasaprivilegeenjoyedbyonlythewealthiest.Thecostsofflyingweresimplytoohighformostordinaryfolk.In1952aLondon-to-ScotlandreturnflightwouldsettheaverageEnglishmanbackaweek’swages;atriptoNewYorkmightrequiresavingupforfivemonths.Butin2013flyingisamassmarket,dueinnosmallparttothegrowthof“no-frills”airlinesofferingflightsatverylowprices.Ryanair,anIreland-basedno-frillsairline,hasevenbeenknowntogiveticketsawayfor.Howcanno-frillsairlinesbesocheap?SouthwestAirlines,theworld’sfirstsuccessfulno-frillscarrier, waysofreducingoperatingcoststhat nowusedallovertheworld.ToreducecostsSouthwestfilleditsneswithmoreseats,madesureeachflightwaspackedandflewitsaircraftmoreoftenthanfull-serviceairlines.No-frillsairlinesalsocutcostsbyusingonlyonetypeofaerone.BothSouthwestandRyanairflyonly737s,whereasBritish-basedeasyJetfliesmainlyAirbusnes.Businessclasswasabolished.Feesfornon-essentialserviceslikecarryingluggageintheholdwereintroduced.Innovativesalesstrategiesalsohelped.WheneasyJetfoundedin1995itacceptedonlydirectbookings.Thiscutoutthefatfeeschargedbytravelagents.Ingenioususeofyield-managementsystems—whichraiseticketpriceswhendemandishighandreducethemduringquietperiods—alsoincreasedRyanairhastakentheno-frillsconceptfurther.Theairlineisnotknownforitsglamorouswaiting-rooms,norfordazzlingcustomerservice.Andithasusedfeestomanagepassengerbehaviourmorethanotherairlines.Forexample,toreduceground-staffnumbers,itisnowprohibitivelyexpensivetocheckinattheairportortostoreluggageintheholdPromptedbyuneasefromshareholdersthatthefirm’sreputationwouldhampergrowthinpassengerinSeptemberthatitwouldsmoothitsrougheredgestoimprovecustomersatisfaction.Doesthismeanwehaveseenthebackofno-Aggressivein-flightsalesstrategieshavealsoreducedticketpricesthroughcross-subsidy.Suchtacticsmaynotmakeforapleasanttravelexperience,butRyanairremainspopular.Indeed,itisEurope'sbiggestairline.AndithasevenuseditsslightlydourreputationtocutcostsInconclusion,therulingparty’simmigrationpoliciesofcontrollingtheinfluxofforeigners,consistingofforeignstudents,arenoteffectiveinsolvingthesocialproblemscausedbythefloodingforeignerswhiletheoppositionparty,theWorkers’Partycameupwithalternativeapproacheswhichconformtopeople’appealsfornoticeabledecreasedinflowof~何疑惑或者建议或者意见，都欢迎来尚友雅思专区和我们哦。同时，要获取精表明，控制行为的一个步骤是制定针对行为的政策应该经过一段时间的磋商行成，而不应该只是由校长