【英语】英语总复习∶八年级英语上册语法填空(提高)知识讲解及答案

【英语】英语总复习∶八年级英语上册语法填空(提高)知识讲解及答案一、八年级英语上册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

HelenisinGradeEight.Shesmilesateveryoneandshe'salwaysgladtohelpothers.Butdoyouknowshehadasadstory?

Helen'sparentsdiedin________firewhenshewasnineyearsold.Afterthat,herauntanduncleadopted（收养）her.Theysenthertoanewschool.Inthatschool,Helen________（know）nothingabouthernewclassmates.Shedidn'ttalktoomuchandshewas________（shy）andquieterthanmostkids.Thatmade________difficultforhertomakefriends,soshehadfewfriendsatschool.Herauntanduncleworriedabouther.________（lucky）,HelenmetafunnygirlnamedSandy.Aftermakingfriends________Sandy,Helenbecamemoreoutgoing________before.SandyusuallytellsjokestomakeherlaughandHelenoftenhelpsSandywithherstudies.Nowtheyaregoodfriends.

Helenisreallyhard-workingandshealways________（get）A'sinhersubjects.Sandysays,"Helenstudiesveryhard.Sheoftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.NowI'mgettingbetter________（grade）withherhelp________sheisdifferentfromme,Ilikeherverymuch.【答案】a；knew；shyer；it；Luckily；with；than；gets；grades；Though/Although【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要叙述海伦九岁时父母死于火灾。在那之后，她叔叔婶婶收养了她。他们送她去了一所新学校。在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。这使她很难交到朋友，所以她在学校很少有朋友。她叔叔婶婶很担心她。幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。桑迪经常讲笑话逗她笑，海伦经常帮助桑迪学习。现在他们是好朋友了。海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。桑迪说：“海伦学习很努力。她经常帮我做作业。现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。虽然她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。（1）考查不定冠词。句意：海伦九岁时父母死于一场火灾。fire火灾，可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a，故答案为：a。（2）考查一般过去时。句意：在那所学校，海伦对她的新同学一无所知。know知道，动词。本段都是叙述过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。know的过去式knew，故答案为：knew。（3）考查形容词。句意：她说话不多，而且比大多数孩子更害羞，更安静。空格后有...andquieterthan，可知有and连接并列形容词比较级。形容词shy的比较级shyer，故答案为：shyer。（4）考查代词。句意：这使她很难交到朋友。make使，让，使役动词，此处结构为make+宾语+宾补（形容词）。固定结构。此处是不定式短语作真正宾语，要放在句末，用it作形式宾语，故答案为：it。（5）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，海伦遇到了一个有趣的女孩，名叫桑迪。由逗号与句子隔开，修饰整个句子作状语。形容词lucky的副词为luckily。故答案为：Luckily。（6）考查介词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友，固定短语。故答案为：with。（7）考查连词。句意：在和桑迪交了朋友之后，海伦变得比以前更外向了。根据moreoutgoing和before，可知那时与以前相比，要用比较级+than句型，故答案为：than。（8）考查一般现在时。句意：海伦真的很努力，她的科目总是得了A。always总是，频率副词，常与一般现在时连用。主语she，第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数gets。故答案为：gets。（9）考查名词复数。句意：现在在她的帮助下，我的成绩越来越好。grade，成绩，可数名词。空格前有形容词better，后接名词。空格前没有不定冠词，要用复数grades表示一类事物。故答案为：grades。（10）考查连词。句意：虽尽管她和我不一样，但我非常喜欢她。根据前后句意思，可知前后句是让步关系，要用从属连词though/although。故答案为：Though/Although。【点评】考查语法填空。考点涉及名词，副词、代词、连词、介词、冠词以及形容词的等考查，要求考生在理解信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，写出正确的答案。2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Summerwascominganditwasgettinghotter.Mrs,Kinggot________earlyonemorningandwenttothemarketaftershe________

（have）breakfast.Sheknewthateverythingwascheaptherebeforeeighto'clock.Shewantedtobuymany________

（vegetable）forherfamily.Suddenlyshesawtherewerea________

ofpeoplearoundafarmer.Shehurriedthereandfoundthathewassellingsomebeef.

"How________

doesitcost?"awomanasked.

"Twodollarsakilo."

"Oh,howcheapitis!"Mrs.Kingsaidtoherself."John________

（like）beefverymuch.I'dbetterbuysomehere,"

Whenshegot________

withfivekilosofbeef,hersonwashappybutherhusbandgotangry.

"Whatasillywoman!"saidMr.King.↑"Howshallwekeepitfreshinsuchhotweather?"

"Yourauntisveryrich,"saidMrs.King."Whynotgoandborrowsomemoney________

her?Thenwe'llbeabletobuyafridge."

Mr.Kingagreedandtheybegantoteachtheirfiveyear-oldsonwhat________（say）whentheywereathisaunt'shouse.

"John,"Mr.Kingsaid,"howcanwekeepthebeeffresh?"

"That'seasy,"theboysaid________

（happy）."Byeatingit!"【答案】up；had；vegetables；group/lot/number；much；likes；home；from；tosay；happily【解析】【分析】主要讲了金夫人吃过早饭去市场买蔬菜，发现一个农民正在卖便宜牛肉，于是买了一些，金先生想从姑姑那接钱买冰箱来保存牛肉，John说可以通过吃了牛肉来保存。（1）句意：一天早上金夫人起得早。getop起床，固定搭配，故填up。（2）句意：在她吃了早饭后金夫人去了市场。时态是一般过去时，所以have用had，故填had。（3）句意：她想为她的家人买许多蔬菜。vegetable蔬菜，可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数，所以用复数vegetables。（4）句意：突然，她看见在一个农民附近有一群/许多人。agroupof一群，alot/numberof许多，固定搭配，故填group/lot/number。（5）句意：它多少钱？提问价格用howmuch，故填much。（6）句意：John非常喜欢牛肉。时态是一般现在时，主语是单数John，所以buy用单三式buys，故填buys。（7）句意：当她带着5千克牛肉回家时，她的儿子是高兴的，但是她的丈夫是生气的。gethome到家，固定搭配，故填home。（8）句意：为什么不去从她那借一些钱呢？borrow...from从……借……，固定搭配，故填from。（9）句意：金先生同意了，他们开始教他们5岁的儿子当在姑姑家时说什么。特殊疑问词+todo不定式，固定搭配，故填tosay。（10）句意：男孩高兴地说。副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词happy的副词happily，高兴地，故填happily。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。3．阅读下面短文，在空白处填人一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Mikeisa16-year-oldstudent.Hehasaveryhealthylifestyle,________,oneyearago,hewasnotsohealthy.FromMondaytoFriday,he________（study）everydaybuthardlydidanysports.HeoftenusedtheInternet.________

hisparentsaskedhimtoexercise,heneverdid,Hesometimeshelpedhismotherwithsome________（housework）,butonlyonceaweek.Onweekends,heliked________（watch）television,Thenthebad________

（result）came—hebecamefatandhadfewfriends.Oneday,thedoctorinhisschooltalkedwithhim,HetoldMiketodosports________

（much）thantwohoursadaybecauseitwasgoodforhisbody________

mind.Fromthenon,Mikedecidedtochangehishabits.Now,hedoessportsmoreoften________

before,suchasplayingbasketballandsoccer.Heplayscomputergamesless.Afterdinner,heoftentakesawalkwithhisparents.________

（do）exercisehelpshimbecomehealthy,andstudybetter.Nowhehasmorefriends.【答案】However；studied；Although/Though；housework；watching；result（s）；more；and；than；Doing【解析】【分析】主要讲了16岁的学生Mike之前有一个非常健康的生活方式，但是一年前他变得不健康，医生建议他改变不健康的生活方式，最后变得健康。（1）句意：然而，一年前，他不是如此健康。根据前句Hehasaveryhealthylifestyle他有一种非常健康的生活方式，可知前后句表示转折，所以用however，然而，注意句首首字母大写，故填However。（2）句意：从周一到周五，他每天学习，单数几乎不运动。时态是一般过去时，所以study用过去式studied，故填studied。（3）句意：尽管他的父母让他锻炼，他从不锻炼。although/though尽管，注意句首首字母大写，故填Although/Though。（4）句意：他有时帮助妈妈做家务。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，housework不可数名词，故填housework。（5）句意：在周末，他喜欢看电视。likedoingsth.喜欢做某事，固定搭配，所以watch用watching，故填watching。（6）句意：然后坏的结果来了。result，结果，可数名词，根据句子可知既可以是单数也可以是复数，result的复数是results，故填result（s）。（7）句意：他告诉Mike一天做两个多小时的运动，因为它对于他的身体和心智是有好处的。than是比较级标志词，所以用much比较级more；bodyandmind身心，固定搭配，故填more，and。（8）句意：现在他比之前更经常做运动，例如打篮球和踢足球。moreoften是比较级，所以用标志词than，比，故填than。（9）句意：做锻炼帮助他变得健康，学习更好。句子缺少主语，do是实义动词，所以用动名词做主语，do的ing是doing，注意句首首字母大写，故填Doing。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式（最多限填三个单词）填空。

Talentshowsaregettingmoreandmorepopular.Nowtherearemany________（kind）oftalentshowsinChina.Manypeoplemaketheir________（dream）cometruebyjoiningthem.________example,LiXiaojiao,________EnglishteacherfromChongqing,joinedChineseDreamShow.Sheis________（talent）inmusic.Shesings________（well）thananyotherteacherinherschoolandisgoodat________（sing）Englishsongs.Sheisalsooutgoing.Hershowmadealotofpeoplelikeher.Atlast,shegotthe________（one）prize.Atthesametime,thisshowalsochanged________（she）life.Sheissuccessfulnotonlybecauseshe'sgotgreattalent,butalsosheworkshard.Ibelieveeveryonecanbesuccessfulas________asyouworkhard.【答案】kinds；dreams；For；an；talented；better；singing；first；her；long【解析】【分析】大意：短文主要介绍了中国的才艺节目。（1）句意：现在在中国有很多种才艺节目。形容词many后接可数名词复数。故答案为kinds。（2）句意：很多人通过参加节目实现了自己的梦想。根据主语manypeople可知，应用复数。故答案为dreams。（3）句意：例如。固定短语forexample表例如。故答案为for。（4）句意：李晓娇，一个来自重庆的英语老师。teacher为单数且为第一次出现，前面需要不定冠词；English为元音音素开头。故答案为an。（5）句意：她在音乐上有天赋。固定搭配betalentedinsth.在某事上有天赋。故答案为talented。（6）句意：她在学校里比任何老师都唱得好。根据比较连词than可知，此处应用副词well的比较级better。故答案为better。（7）句意：她擅长唱英文歌。固定搭配begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事。故答案为singing。（8）句意：最后，她得了一等奖。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，第一。故答案为first。（9）句意：同时，这个节目也改变了她的生活。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，she的形容词性物主代词为her。故答案为her。（10）句意：只要你努力，我相信每个人都会成功。固定搭配aslongas只要。故答案为long。【点评】考查语法填空。答题时首先跳过空格通读文章掌握文章大意，然后细读文章仔细斟酌答案，注意考虑句型、时态等因素，填写单词的正确形式。5．阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内所给单词的正确形式。

Readingisagoodhobbyforallkindsofreasons.

First,readingis________（education）.Youcanalwayskeepyourselfhappy________youlikereading.Youwillneverfeel________（boring）ortired.

Next，youcanreadabookanywhereinacar,________aplane,oreveninthebathroom.Allyouneed________（be）abook.

Anothergoodreasonforreadingisthatitis________（use）.Ifyouregardreadingasahobby,youwillgetbetterandbebetteratit.Andyouwillread________（fast）andfinditeasiertounderstand________youread.Asyourreadingskillsimprove,youwillfindyourschoolworkbecomesmucheasier.

Somepeoplesaythatreadingisoutofdate.Thisisnottrue.Youcanreadoncomputers,andthebetteryouread,thebetteryourcomputerskillswillbe.

Good________（learn）maybecomewriters,too.Theyalwayshavemorethings________（write）about.Readingisawonderfulhobby.Whynotstartreadingrightnow?【答案】educational；if；bored；on；is；useful；faster；what；learners；towrite【解析】【分析】主要讲了阅读是一种好的爱好的原因。（1）句意：首先，阅读是有教育意义的。be+形容词，education是名词，其形容词是educational，故填educational。（2）句意：你可以总是保持愉悦，如果你喜欢阅读。根据句意可知前后阅读是保持开心的条件，如果，if，引导条件状语从句，故填if。（3）句意：你将永远不会感到无聊。主语是you，指人，以ing结尾的形容词修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词修饰人，boring修饰物，bored修饰人，故填bored。（4）句意：你可以在车上、飞机上的任何地方，甚至在卫生间读书。onaplane，在飞机上，故填on。（5）句意：所有你需要的仅仅是一本书。主语是单数book，所以用is，故填is。（6）句意：读书的另一个英语是它是有用的。be+形容词，use的形容词是useful，故填useful。（7）句意：你将读得更快。根据后句easier是比较级，所以fast用比较级faster，故填faster。（8）句意：并且发现更容易理解你读得内容。根据句意可知是宾语从句，所以用what，指读得内容，故填what。（9）句意：好的学习者也可能成为作家。writers是名词，指人，所以learn用表示人的名词，即学习者learner，writers是复数，所以learner也用复数learners，故填learners。（10）句意：他们总是有写的更多的东西。things是名词，todo不定式做定语，故填towrite。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。6．语法填空

Hi,Jane!IsawyournameandaddressinPen-friendmagazine,andIwouldlike________

（be）yourpen-friend.First,Iwilltellyousomethingsabout________

（my）.

MynameisSidney.

I'mfourteenyearsold.I'maboutfive________

（foot）tall.Ihaveshortblackhairandbrowneyes.Myhobbiesareplayingcomputergamesandplayingchess.

Ilivewithmyparents.They________

（come）toEnglandfromHongKongabout30yearsago.NowmyparentsownaChineserestaurantinNewcastle.IwasborninNewcastlein1993.IcanspeakChinese,________

Ican'twriteitverywell.IhaveabrothercalledEdwin.Heis23and

works________

anarchitect（建筑师）inLondon.

I'minWalkerSchool.Itisnearmyhouse,andsoIcanwalktoschool.Ilikemyschoolbecausetheteachersare________（friend）tome.Ilikesportsverymuch.Ienjoy________（play）badmintoninwinter,andtennisinsummer.Asforsubjects,Ilikephysics________（well）ofall.Iwanttobe________

engineer.

Iexpectyouwillwritetomesoon,andtellmeallaboutyou.【答案】tobe；myself；feet；came；but；as；friendly；playing；best；an【解析】【分析】主要讲了Sidney写信给笔友Jane，告诉她自己的一些信息。（1）句意：我想成为你的笔友。wouldliketodosth.想要做某事。故填tobe。（2）句意：首先我将告诉你关于我自己的一些事情。根据句意可知是Sidney讲了自己的事情，主语是I，其反身代词是myself，故填myself。（3）句意：我大约5尺高。5后面用可数名词复数，foot的复数是feet，故填feet。（4）句意：大约30年前他们从香港来的英国。30yearsago表明时态是一般过去时，所以用come的过去式came，故填came。（5）句意：我会说英语但是我写得不好。根据句意可知前后句表示转折，所以用连词but，故填but。（6）句意：他23岁，在伦敦是一名建筑师。workas作为，故填as。（7）句意：因为老师们对我很友好。befriendlyto对友好，故填friendly。（8）句意：我喜欢在冬天打羽毛球。enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事，故填playing。（9）句意：我最喜欢物理。根据all可知数量是三者或者三者以上，所以用最高级，所以用well的最高级best，故填best。（10）句意：我想成为一名工程师。engineer是可数名词单数，以元音音素开头，所以用an，故填an。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。7．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（1个单词），或括号内单词的正确形式。

Comeandmeetmybestfriend,Lisa.Lisaisabeautifulgirl.Manypeoplelikeherbecause________hergoodlook.SodoI.Asmybestfriend,shelikestodo________samethingsasme.We________likesingingandreadingbooks.Therearealsosome________（different）betweenus.IamshyandIalwaysliketostaybymyself.Lisaismuch________outgoingthanme.Sheis________（talent）intellingjokes.Sheoftenmakesme________（laugh）.Sheisgoodatsports,too.Sheplayssportseverydaytokeephealthy.Shethinksitisnotnecessaryforfriends________（be）thesame.Herfavorite________（say）is,"Atruefriendreachesforyourhandand________（touch）yourheart."Whatdoyouthinkofmybestfriend?【答案】of；the；both；differences；more；talented；laugh；tobe；saying；touches【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者最好的朋友——Lisa。（1）句意：许多人因为她好看的外貌喜欢她。becauseof因为，故填of。（2）句意：作为我最好的朋友，她喜欢和我做一样的事情。thesame...as和一样，故填the。（3）句意：我们都喜欢唱歌和读书。both...and...两者都，故填both。（4）句意：在我们之间也有一些不同。some修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词，different形容词，其名词是difference，可数名词，所以用复数differences，故填differences。（5）句意：Lisa比我外向许多。than是比较级标志词，outgoing的比较级是moreoutgoing，故填more。（6）句意：她在讲笑话方面有天赋。betalentedin在哪方面有天赋，故填talented。（7）句意：她总是让我笑。makesb.dosth.让某人做某事，故填laugh。（8）句意：她认为对于朋友来说没必要是一样的。It's+形容词+forsb.+todosth.做某事对于某人来说是怎样的，故填tobe。（9）句意：她最著名的名言是。favorite是形容词，后面用名词，say是实义动词，其名词是saying，意思是名言，故填saying。（10）句意：一个真正的朋友伸手去够你的手，并且触动你的心。and连接并列成分，reaches用的实义动词单三，所以touch也用单三touches，故填touches。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。8．语法填空

ChelseaFearceisseventeenyearsold.Therearefive________（person）inherfamily.Theyarepoorandtheyliveinashelter（收容所）."________（get）ashower,foodandcleanclotheswasnoteasyforme,"Fearcesaid."I'mworried________myfamilyandmyhomelife.IknowIhavetobecomemuchstronger,________Istudyhard."

Whenshewasinhighschool,Fearceoften________（stay）uplate.Shewantedtolivea________（good）lifethanbefore.Shejusttold________（her）tokeepworking.

Fearceovercame（克服）alltheproblems.Shegothighgradesandshebecame________collegestudent."Nevergiveup!Dowhatyou________（true）havetodorightnowsothatyoucanhaveafuturethatyoureallyneed________（have）."Fearcetoldeveryone.【答案】persons；Getting；about；so/and；stayed；better；herself；a；truly；tohave【解析】【分析】主要讲了家境贫穷的ChelseaFearce是怎样成为一名大学生的。（1）句意：在她家里有五口人。person是可数名词，five后面接可数名词复数，所以用persons，故填persons。（2）句意：对于我来说洗澡、得到食物和干净的衣服是不简单的。句子缺少主语，get是实义动词，所以用动名词做主语，get的动名词是getting，故填Getting。（3）句意：我担心我的家人和我家的生活。beworriedabout担心，故填about。（4）句意：我知道我不得不变得更加强大，所以我努力学习。前后两句表示因果关系，前句是因，后句是果，所以用so，因此；或者前后表示并列，用并列连词and，故填so/and。（5）句意：当Fearce上高中时，她经常熬夜。根据was可知时态是一般过去时，所以stay用stayed，故填stayed。（6）句意：她想过一种比以前更好的生活。than是比较级标志词，good比较级是better，故填better。（7）句意：她仅仅告诉自己一直工作。根据句意可知是她告诉自己，her的反身代词是herself，故填herself。（8）句意：她取得了高分，并且成为一名大学生。student是可数名词单数，并且college以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。（9）句意：永不言弃，现在做你真地不得不做的事情。have是实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，true是形容词，副词是truly，故填truly。（10）句意：目的是你有一个你真的需要有的未来。needtodosth.需要做什么，故填tohave。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答。注意考虑句型、搭配、语境等，最后通读一遍检查验证。二、八年级英语上册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）9．阅读理解

Manyteenagersfeelthatthemostimportantpeopleintheirlivesaretheirfriends.Theybelievethattheirfamilymembersdon'tknowthemaswellastheirfriendsdo.Inlargefamilies,itisquiteoftenforbrothersandsisterstofightwitheachotherandthentheycanonlygototheirfriendsforsomeideas.Itisveryimportantforteenagerstohavegoodfriendsoragroupoffriendsintheirlives.

Evenwhentheyarenotwiththeirfriends,theyusuallyspendalotoftimetalkingonthephone.Thiscommunicationisveryimportantinchildren'sgrowingup,becausefriendscandiscusssomething.Thesethingsaredifficulttosaytotheirfamilymembers.

However,parentsoftentrytochoosetheirchildren'sfriendsforthem.Someparentsevenstoptheirchildrenfrommeetingtheirgoodfriends.Haveyoueverthoughtofthefollowingquestions?

Whochoosesyourfriends?Doyouchooseyourfriendsoryourfriendschooseyou？Haveyougotagoodfriendyourparentsdon'tlike?

Youranswersarewelcome.（1）Manyteenagersthinkthat________canunderstandthembetter.A.

friends

B.

brothers

C.

sisters

D.

parents（2）________isveryimportanttoteenagers.A.

Tomakefriends

B.

Communication

C.

Tostopmeetingfriends

D.

BothAandB（3）Whenteenagershavesomethingdifficulttosaytotheirparents,theyusually________.A.

stayaloneathome

B.

fightwiththeirparentsC.

discussitwith

theirfriends

D.

gototheirbrotherandsisterforhelp（4）Thesentence“Youranswersarewelcome.”means“________”A.

Youarewelcometodiscussthequestionswithus.B.

We'vegotnoidea,soyouranswersarewelcome.C.

Youranswersarealwaysright.D.

Youcangiveusalltherightanswers.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于调查青少年对朋友的看法。（1）细节题。根据Theybelievethattheirfamilymembersdon'tknowthemaswellastheirfriendsdo.可知青少年认为朋友可以更好地理解他们，故选A。（2）细节题。根据Itisveryimportantforteenagerstohavegoodfriendsoragroupoffriendsintheirlives.和Thiscommunicationisveryimportantinchildren'sgrowingup可知交朋友和交流都是非常重要的，故选D。（3）细节题。根据becausefriendscandiscusssomething.Thesethingsaredifficulttosaytotheirfamilymembers.可知青少年很难和家庭成员说，而朋友可以谈论那些困难的事情，故选C。（4）细节题。根据句意可知是和我们讨论那些问题，你是受欢迎的，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。10．根据短文理解填空。

A50-year-oldAmericanofficercamebacktohisschool.Theteacheraskedhimtogiveatalktothesmallboysandgirlsthere.Thetalkwasabouttheloveoftheirgreatcountry.Allthelittleonesweresittinginalargemeetingroom.Theoldofficerwentupandbeganspeaking.Hesaid,“Boysandgirls,Istudiedinthisschoolfortyyearsago.WhenIwasyourage,wewerenotashappyasyouaretoday.Thinkaboutitandanswerme.Whyareyousohappynow?”

Nosoundcamefromthechildren.Theoldmanwaitedforalongtime.Thenashortboyinfrontputuphissmalldirtyhand.“Goodboy!Pleaseanswerme,dear.”saidtheofficer.

Withabigsmileonhisface,theboystoodupandsaid,“Ifyouspeaklongenough,wewon'thaveMathsandBiologylessonsthismorning.”（1）Whatwastheoldman'stalkabout?（2）Whentheofficerstudiedinthisschool,howoldwashe?（3）翻译画线部分的句子。（4）Whywerethechildrenhappytoday?【答案】（1）Thetalkwasabouttheloveoftheirgreatcountry.（2）10.（3）这个小男孩面带微笑地站起来并说道。（4）Iftheofficerspeakslongenough,theywon’thaveMathsandBiology（生物学）lessonsthismorning.【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二句Thetalkwasabouttheloveoftheirgreatcountry.可知演讲的主题是“热爱国家”，故答案为：Thetalkwasabouttheloveoftheirgreatcountry.（2）细节推理题。文章开篇交代演讲者的年龄A50-year-oldAmericanofficercamebacktohisschool.下文又接着说“Boysandgirls,Istudiedinthisschoolfortyyearsago.WhenIwasyourage,wewerenotashappyasyouaretoday.可以推断老官员在这所学校上学时的年龄是50-40=10.故答案为10.（3）划线句子的意思是“这个小男孩面带微笑地站起来并说道。”【点评】本题考查任务型阅读，国家短文内容回答问题。11．根据短文内容,选择正确答案。D

Springisawonderfulseasontocelebraterebirth（再生）andnewlife.Thelong,coldwinterisover.Theweatheriswarmerandsunnier.Thetreesagainhaveleavesandtheflowersareblooming（开）.Theseasonrepresents（代表）hope,joyandbeauty.Atthistime,manypeoplethinkofthisclassicalmusicpiece—“Spring”,whichshowshappiness.Italiancomposer（作曲家）AntonioVivaldiwroteitintheseventeenhundreds.

However,notallsongsaboutspringarehappy.ThissongwrittenandsungbyK.DLangisaboutdreamingofspringincolddarkplaces.Sherecorded“IDreamofSpring”in2008.

RichardRodgersandOscarHammersteinwrote“ItMightasWellBeSpring”forthemovieStateFairin1945.FrankSinatrasingsit.Itisafeelingofrestlessness（焦虑）orexcitementbroughtonbythecomingofspring.RichardRodgersalsowrote“SpringIsHere”,thistimewithLorenzHart.EllaFitzgeraldsingsthissongaboutfeelinglonelyduringthisseason.

FrankLoesserwrotethesadsong,“SpringWillbeaLittleLateThisYear”.Whyhastheseasonbeendelayed（延迟）?Becausethesinger'sloverhaslefther.SarahVaughnreleased（发行）herversionofthesongin1953.

Bynowyoumaybethinking,“Enoughwiththesadsongs,already!”Ok,thenhowaboutacowboy（牛仔）song?GeneAutrywasoneofAmerica'smostfamoussingingcowboys.Herecorded“WhenIt'sSpringtimeintheRockies”in1937.

Andfinally,we'llleaveyouwithasunnysongcalled“UpJumpedSpring”.FreddieHubbardwrotethisjazz（爵士）songin1977andBillyTaylorTrioperformsit.（1）Ifyouarenothappy,you'dbetterlistento“

”.A.

UpJumpedSpring

B.

IDreamofSpringC.

SpringIsHere

D.

SpringWillbeaLittleLateThisYear（2）“ItMightasWellBeSpringisasong”that

.A.

isalsocalled“StateFair”

B.

issungbyEllaFitzgeraldC.

hasalonelyfeeling

D.

waswrittenbytwopeople（3）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.

MostsongsaboutspringarewrittenbyItaliancomposers.B.

K.D.Langwasgoodatwritinghappysongs.C.

SarahVaughnsangthesongUpJumpedSpringfirst.D.

GeneAutrywasafamouscowboysingerbeforeK.D.Lang.（4）Whichofthefollowingsongswasfirstwrittenorrecorded?

A.

“Spring”.

B.

“IDreamofSpring”.

C.

“WhenIt'sSpringtimeintheRockies”.

D.

“SpringWillbeaLittleLateThisYear”.（5）What'sthepurposeoftheauthortowritethepassage?A.

Tointroducesomesongsaboutspring.

B.

Tointroducesomewonderfulmusic.C.

Tointroducesomefamoussingers.

D.

Toexpresshis/herlovetospring.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）A（5）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：春天是一个庆祝再生和新生命的美妙的季节，漫长而寒冷的冬天结束了，天气更暖和了，阳光更明媚了，树木又长出了叶子，花儿也开放了。这个季节代表着希望、快乐和美丽。（1）细节理解题。根据最后一段可知UpJumpedSpring是一首很阳光的歌曲，能催人奋进，故选A。（2）细节理解题。从第三段RichardRodgersandOscarHammersteinwrote“ItMightasWellBeSpring”forthemovieStateFairin1945.可知这首歌由两人所写，故选D。（3）判断题。文章并没有提到关于春天的大部分歌曲由意大利作曲家缩写，A错误；从第二段可知K.D.Lang所写的歌曲是悲伤的，B错误；文章并没有说谁第一个唱UpJumpedSpring，C错误；故选项D正确，从第二段和第五段可以看出。（4）细节判断题。A写于1700年，B写于2008年，C写于1937年，D写于1953年。故选A。（5）主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了关于春的歌曲，并非表达作者对春的爱。故选A。12．阅读理解

WhenscientistJessicaWaderealizedhowharditwastofindinformationaboutwomenscientists,shedecidedtohelpsolvethatproblem.Shehasnowaddedthestoriesofover300femalescientiststoWikipedia.

Dr.Wadehasalwaysbeeninterestedinscience.Butasshekeptgoinginscienceandlearnedmoreaboutamazingwomenscientists,shewassurprisedtolearnthattheydidn'thaveWikipediapages.

Wikipediaistheworld'slargestencyclopedia,andtheworld's5thmostpopularwebsite.Whatmakesitspecialisthatanybodycanaddtoorchangeit.ButeventhoughWikipediahascloseto6millionarticles.Dr.Wadenoticedthat"Itdoesn'thavethestoriesofmanyamazingwomeninscience."Shesaysthat83%ofthebiographiesonWikipediaareaboutmen.

So,inJanuary.2018shedecidedtowriteoneWikipediaarticleaboutafemalescientisteveryday.Shedoesn'tgetpaid,butithasbecomehersecondjob.Sofar,shehascreated306Wikipediapages.

Dr.Wadewillkeepwritingherarticles,butshealsowantstoteachotherpeoplehowtoaddarticlestoWikipedia.Shewouldliketocreateawebsitetokeeptrackofallofthebiographies.Shewantstoturnthemintoateachingtool.（1）WhydidDr.Wadeaddfemalescientists'storiestoWikipedia?A.

It'shersecondjobinWikipedia.B.

Femalescientistsaskedhertodoso.C.

Shecouldn'tfindinformationshewanted.D.

Shehasalwaysbeeninterestedinscience.（2）WhatisspecialaboutWikipedia?A.

It'stheworld'sbiggestencyclopedia.B.

Commonpeoplecanmakeitdifferent.C.

There'renearly6millionarticlesonit.D.

It'stheworld's5thmostpopularwebsite.（3）HowmuchtimehasDr.WadespentaddingarticlestoWikipediasofar?A.

Aboutamonth.B.

Lessthan300days.C.

Morethan300days.D.

Thearticledidn'ttellus.（4）WhichofthefollowingthingswillDr.Wadedo?A.

Trytobeateacher.

B.

Giveupherjob.

C.

Createawebsite.

D.

Stopwritingstories.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了科学家JessicaWade意识到发现女科学家的信息是困难的，所以她已经增加300多个女科学家的故事在Wikipedia。（1）细节题。根据WhenscientistJessicaWaderealizedhowharditwastofindinformationaboutwomenscientists，shedecidedtohelpsolvethatproblem.可知当科学家杰西卡•韦德意识到找到有关女科学家的信息是多么困难时，她决定帮助解决这个问题，故选C。（2）细节题。根据Whatmakesitspecialisthatanybodycanaddtoorchangeit.可知让它与众不同的是，任何人都可以添加或改变它，故选B。（3）理解题。通读全文可知，文章没有告诉我们到目前为止韦德博士为维基百科添加文章花费了多少时间，故选D。（4）细节题。根据Dr.Wadewillkeepwritingherarticles，butshealsowantstoteachotherpeoplehowtoaddarticlestoWikipedia.Shewouldliketocreateawebsitetokeeptrackofallofthebiographies.Shewantstoturnthemintoateachingtool.可知韦德博士会继续写她的文章，但她也想教别人如何在维基百科上添加文章，她想创建—个网站来记录所有的传记，她想把这些文章变成教学工具，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。13．阅读理解InventionsPhone

ThefirsttelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBellin1876.Itmadecommunicationeasier.Butthetelephonewereonlyfixedinpostofficesatfirst.Peoplehadtogotheretomakecallstofarawaypeopleandthefeeswereveryhigh.Later,acellphonewasdevelopedin1973inAmerica.Itwasoneofthemostusefulinventions.Peoplecanusecellphonestocommunicatewithothersmuchmoreeasily.Theycantakethemanywheretomakeprivatecalls,evenvisioncalls（可视电话）Cellphoneshavemanyotherfunctions,suchassendingmessages,takingphotosandreadingonline.TV

ThefirstTVsetwasinventedbyanEnglishscientist,JohnBaird,in1926.Theinventionhelpedpeoplewatchfilmsathomeinsteadofgoingtothecinemaasbefore.Atfirst,TVsetsonlybroadcastblack—whitepictures.SeveralyearslatercolourTVsetsmadethepictureslively.However,theywereheavyandthickwasdifficulttomovethem.Then,digitalTVsetscameintobeing.Theywerelightandthin.ManyTVprogrammeswereavailable（可获得的）atanytime.Atpresent,peoplecanusetheIPTV（网络电视）torecordandreplayprogrammes.Computer

ThefirstmoderncomputerwasinventedinAmericain1946.Itwasasbigasaroom.Itimprovedthespeedandexactitudeofcalculation（计算）Inthe1950s,desktopcomputerswereinventedinthesamecountry.Theybecamesmallerandcouldbeputonthedesk.Sincethen,theyhavebecomeveryimportantinmanyfieldsofworkandleisure.Beforethe1970s,computersweresingle.ItwastheInternetthatjoinedcomputersintoabigfamily,sotheycouldshareinformationwithoneanother.Around1985,laptopsweredevelopedinJapan.Theyweremuchsmallerandcouldbeputonpeople'slaps.Theywerelightandeasytotake.（1）Thefirstcellphonewasinvented_______.A.

in1876

B.

in1926

C.

in1946

D.