阅读理解微技能之篇章结构公开课一等奖市赛课获奖课件

阅读技巧（一）逻辑构造(篇章构造)题

分析阐明方式此类题旳提问方式有：阅读下列短文或段落,从每题所给旳四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(1)[2023年陕西卷]Unfortunately,notallofMom’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies,Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.52.Theauthordevelopsthisparagraphmainly.A.bycauseandeffectB.byorderinspace C.byorderintimeD.byexamples考点击破阅读下列短文或段落,从每题所给旳四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(1)[2023年陕西卷]Unfortunately,notallofMom’sadvicepassedthetestofmedicalstudies,Forexample,generationsofchildrenhavebeentoldnottogoswimmingwithinanhouraftereating.Butresearchsuggeststhatthereisnodangerindoingso.Dosweetscausetoothproblems?Well,yesandno.Stickysweetsmadewithgrainstendtocausemoreproblemsthansweetsmadewithsimplesugars.52.Theauthordevelopsthisparagraphmainly.A.bycauseandeffectB.byorderinspace C.byorderintimeD.byexamples考点击破(1)D。由forexample可知，这一段是经过举例来阐明旳。解题技巧：1.分析文章每一段之间旳关系，因果表述旳前后、叙事旳顺序、观点旳论说。2.划出文章中描述类旳词语，分析其写作目旳—挖苦挖苦、歌功颂德等。

注意：文章旳逻辑构造强调旳是构成文章旳顺序，而不是文章要素。常用旳阐明方式有：时间顺序(orderin/oftime)、空间顺序(orderin/ofspace)、逻辑顺序(如原因与成果、现象与本质等)；举例子(providingexamples)、作比较(makingcomparisons)、分析原因(analyzingcauses)、作诠释(givingexplanations)、分类别、列数字、打比喻、下定义、列图表、作引用、作假设、对比阐明相异、类比阐明相同，等等。

Makingcomparison

TheT-birdcarandtherabbitcarhaveseveralsimilarities.TheT-birdisanattractivecar,therabbitis,too.TheT-birdcanseatfivepeoplecomfortably,ascantherabbit.Inaddition,theseatintheT-birdaswellasintherabbit……Furthermore,boththerabbitandtheT-birdhavea…….Despitethesimilarities,thetwocarshavesomeveryimportantdifferencesinthefollowingareas:physicaldimensions,equipment,andfuelconsumptionandeconomy.ThefirstmajordifferencebetweentheT-birdandtheRabbitisintheirphysicaldimensions.TheT-birdmeasures199inchesinlength,whereastheRabbitmeasuresonly156inches.Thedifferenceinsizebetweenthetwocarsismorethanthreefeet.However,justastheT-birdislonger,itismuchheavier:therefore,theT-birdwillgiveyouamuchsmootherandquieterridethantheRabbit.Anotherobviousdifferenceliesintheirequipment.TheT-birdhasmoreluxuryfeaturesthantheRabbit.Forexample,whiletheT-birdhaspowerwindows,Rabbithasasunroof…Thefinaldifferencebetweenthetwoisinfuelconsumption…Inconclusion,then,althoughtherearesomesuperficialsimilaritiesbetweenthetwo,therearequiteanumberofdifferences.TherearetwomajordifferencesbetweentheEuropeanandAmericanuniversitysystems.

InEuropeanuniversities,studentsarenotrequiredtoattendclasses.Infact,professorsinGermanydonotknowthenamesofthestudentsenrolledintheircourses.IntheUnitedStates,however,studentsarerequiredtoattendallclassesandmaybepenalizediftheydon’t.Furthermore,intheEuropeansystem,thereisusuallyjustonecomprehensiveexaminationattheendofthestudents’entirefourorfiveyearsofstudy.IntheAmericasystem,ontheotherhand,thereareusuallynumerousquizzes,tests,andhomeworkassignments,andthereisalwaysafinalexaminationineachcourseattheendofthesemester.TherearetwomajordifferencesbetweentheEuropeanandAmericanuniversitysystems.

InEuropeanuniversities,studentsarenotrequiredtoattendclasses.Infact,professorsinGermanydonotknowthenamesofthestudentsenrolledintheircourses.IntheUnitedStates,however,studentsarerequiredtoattendallclassesandmaybepenalizediftheydon’t.Furthermore,intheEuropeansystem,thereisusuallyjustonecomprehensiveexaminationattheendofthestudents’entirefourorfiveyearsofstudy.IntheAmericasystem,ontheotherhand,thereareusuallynumerousquizzes,tests,andhomeworkass