精读1月4日团系列中最怪异一篇文章

乐精读-1月4日

课程

系列中最怪异的一篇文章

表面上看题型很正常

单选

TFNG

多选

Matching

单选题

1Whydidthediversperformlesswellincolderconditions?

ATheywerelessabletoconcentrate.

BTheirbodytemperaturefelltooquickly.

CTheirmentalfunctionswereimmedia yaffectedbythecold.

DTheywereusedtoswimmingpoolconditions.

单选题

2Thenumberofdaylighthours

Aaffectstheperformanceofworkersinrestaurants.

Binfluencesanimalfeedinghabits.

Cmakesanimalslikehamstersmoreactive.

Dprepareshumansforhavinggreaterleisuretime.

单选题

3Humanirritabilitymaybeinfluencedby

Ahownervousandaggressivepeopleare.

Breactiontocertainweatherphenomena.

Cthenumberofionsbeinggeneratedbymachines.

Dtheattitudeofpeopletothunderstorms.

TFNG

4SeasonalAffectiveDisorderisdisruptingchildren'seducationinRussia.

Serotoninisanessentialcauseofhumanaggression.

Scientificevidencelinks'happyassociationswithweather'tohumanmood.

Alinkbetweendepressionandthetimeofyearhasbeenestablished.

Melatoninlevelsincreaseatcertaintimesoftheyear.

Positivelychargedionscaninfluenceeatinghabits.

本题只适合用专有名词来定位

本题是乱序的当然你一开始什么都不知道

多选题

AccordingtothetextwhichTHREEofthefollowingconditionshavebeenscientificallyprovedtohaveapsychologicaleffectonhumans?

ChooseTHREElettersA—G.

Alackofnegativeions

Brainyweather

Cfoodconsumption

Dhighserotoninlevels

Esunnyweather

F domfromworry

Glackofcounsellingfacilities

Matching题

12IthasbeenestablishedthatsocialtensionincreasessignificantlyintheUnitedStatesduring...

13Researchhasshownthatahamster'sbodyweightincreasesaccordingtoitsexposureto

14Animalscopewithchangingweatherandfoodavailabilitybecausetheyareinfluencedby...

Matching题

Adaylight

Bhotweather

Cmelatonin

Dmoderatetemperatures

Epoorco-ordination

Ftimecues

Gimpairedperformance

第一段

Hormonelevels-andhenceourmoods-maybeaffectedbytheweather.Gloomyweathercancausedepression,butsunshineappearstoraisethespirits.InBritain,forexample,thedullweatherofwinterdrasticallycutsdowntheamountofsunlightthatisexperiencedwhichstronglyaffectssomepeople.They esodepressedandlackinginenergythattheirworkandsociallifeareaffected.ThisconditionhasbeengiventhenameSAD(SeasonalAffectiveDisorder).Suffererscanfightbackbymakingthemostofanysunlightinwinterandbyspendingafewhourseachdayunderspecial,full-spectrumlamps.Theseprovidemoreultravioletandblue-greenlightthanordinaryfluorescentandtungstenlights.SomeRussianscientistsclaimthatchildrenlearnbetterafterbeingexposedtoultravioletlight.Inwarmcountries,hoursofworkareoftenarrangedsothatworkerscantakeabreak,orevenasiesta,duringthehottestpartoftheday.Scientistsareworkingtodiscoverthelinksbetweentheweatherandhumanbeings'moodsandperformance.

第二段

Itisgenerallybelievedthattempersgrowshorterinhot,muggyweather.Thereisnodoubtthat'crimesagainstthe

'riseinthesummer,whentheweatherishotterandfallinthewinterwhentheweatheriscolder.ResearchintheUnitedStateshasshownarelationshipbetweentemperatureandstreetriots.Thefrequencyofriotsrisesdramaticallyastheweathergetswarmer,hittingapeakaround27-30°C.Butisthiseffectreallyduetoamoodchangecausedbytheheat?Somescientistsarguethattroublestartsmoreofteninhotweathermerelybecausetherearemorepeopleinthestreetwhentheweatherisgood.

第三段

Psychologistshavealsostudiedhowbeingcoldaffectsperformance.Researcherscompareddiversworkinginicycoldwaterat5°Cwithothersinwaterat20°C(aboutswimmingpooltemperature).Thecolderwatermadethediversworseatsimplearithmeticandothermentaltasks.Butsignificantly,theirperformancewasimpairedassoonastheywereputintothecoldwater-beforetheirbodieshadtimetocooldown.Thissuggeststhatthelowtemperaturedidnotslowdownmentalfunctioningdirectly,butthefeelingofcolddistractedthediversfromtheirtasks.

第四段

Psychologistshaveconductedstudiesshowingthatpeople

elessscepticalandmoreoptimisticwhentheweatherissunnyHowever,thisapparentlydoesnotjustdependonthetemperature.AnAmericanpsychologiststudiedcustomersinatemperature-controlledrestaurant.Theygavebiggertipswhenthesunwasshiningandsmallertipswhenitwasn't,eventhoughthetemperatureintherestaurantwasthesame.Alinkbetweenweatherandmoodismadebelievablebytheevidenceforaconnectionbetweenbehaviourandthelengthofthedaylighthours.Thisinturnmightinvolvethelevelofahormonecalledmelatonin,producedinthepinealglandinthebrain.Theamountofmelatoninfallswithgreaterexposuretodaylight.Researchshowsthatmelatonin

behaviourofcertainanimals.Forexample,foodconsumptionof

stagsincreasesduringthewinter,reachingapeakinFebruary/March.ItfallsagaintoalowpointinMay,thenrisestoapeakinSeptember,beforedrop toanotherminimuminNovember.Thesechangesseemtobetriggeredbyvaryingmelatoninlevels.

第五段

Inthelaboratory,hamstersputonmoreweightwhenthenightsaregettingshorterandtheirmelatoninlevelsarefalling.Ontheotherhand,iftheyaregiveninjectionsofmelatonin,theywillstopeatingaltogether.Itseemsthattimecuesprovidedbythechanginglengthsofdayandnighttriggerchangesinanimals'behaviour-changesthatareneededtocopewiththecycleoftheseasons.People'smoodstoo,havebeenshowntoreacttothelengthofthedaylighthours.Scepticsmightsaythatlongerexposuretosunshineputspeopleinabettermoodbecausetheyassociateitwiththehappyfeelingsofholidaysand domfromresponsibility.However,thebeliefthatrainandmurkyweathermakepeoplemoreunhappyisborneoutbyastudyinBelgium,whichshowedthata ephonecounsellingservicegetsmore

ephonecallsfrompeoplewithsuicidalfeelingswhenitrains.

第六段

Whenthereisathunderstormbrewing,somepeoplecom inoftheairbeing'heavy'andoffeelingirritable,moodyandonedge.Theymaybereactingtothefactthattheaircan eslightlypositivelychargedwhenlargethundercloudsaregeneratingtheintenseelectricalfieldsthatcauselightningflashes.Thepositivechargeincreasesthelevelsofserotonin(achemicalinvolvedinsendingsignalsinthenervoussystem).Highlevelsofserotoninincertainareasofthenervoussy