职称英语理工类A级考试试题及解析网上资料汇总

2011年职称英语理工类A级考试试题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1〜15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位

置上。

1.Forsomeobscurereason,thesimplegameisbecomingverypopular.

A.unclearB.obviousC.majorD.minor

答案：Aunclear—obscure

2.Theseaturtle'snaturalhabitathasbeenconsiderablyreduced.

AgreatlyBsuddenlyCgenerallyDslightly

答案选择A(greatly)-considerably

3.1gotanotefromMoiraurgingmetogetintouch.

AinstructingBnotifyingCpushingDinviting

答案：C(push)-urge

4.Itispossibletoapproachtheprobleminadifferentway.

AraiseBposeCexperienceDhandle

答案：Dhandle—approach

5.Thedecisiontoinvadeprovokedstormsofprotesto

AignoredBorganizedCcausedDreceived

答案：Ccaused--provoke:

6.Janesaidthatshecouldnltoleratethelonghours.

AspendBtakeClastDstand

答案：Dstand=tolerate

7.At80,PeckwasstillvigorousandlivinginParis.

AenergeticBhappyCaloneDbusy

答案：Aenergetic—vigorous

8.Foresterstaredathiscar,tremblinawithrage.

AshakingBturningCjumpingDshouting

答案：Ashake-tremble

9.Ayoungmanisbeinghailedaherotonightafterrescuingtwochildren.

AreportedBprovedCpraisedDcaught

答案：Cpraised—hail:

10.1wantedtoaskheroutbutwasscaredthatshemightrefuse.

AanxiousBsureCsadDafraid

答案：Dafraid--scared

11.Atthattime,wedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathadhappened.

AgiveBattachCloseDunderstand

答案：Dunderstand—grasp

12.Andersonleftthetable,remarkingthathehadsomeworktodo.

AdoubtingBsayingCthinkingDknowing

答案：Bsaying-remarking

13.Heassertedthatnuclearpowerwasasafeandnon-pollutingenergysource.

AmaintainedBrecommendedCconsideredDacknowledged

答案：D(maintain)-assert

14.Thestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstaking

sciencecourses.

ArelativeBgeneralCcontinuousDsharp

答案：D(continuous)-steady

15.Shealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything,

AcriticizesBsimplifiesCevaluatesDexamines

答案：Acriticizes—findsfaultwith

Mt.DesertIsland

ThecoastoftheStateofMaineisoneofthemostirregularintheworld.Astraightline

runningfromthesouthernmostcoastalcitytothenorthernmostcoastalcitywould

measureabout225miles.Ifyoufollowedthecoastlinebetweenthesepoints,youwould

travelmorethantentimesasfar.Thisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalledadrowned

coastline(46).Atthattime,thewholeareathatisnowMainewaspartofamountain

rangethattoweredabovethesea.Astheglacier(冰川)descended,however,itexpended

enormousforceonthosemountains,andtheysankintothesea.

Asthemountainssank,oceanwaterchargedoverthelowestpartsoftheremaining

land,formingaseriesoftwistinginletsandlagoons(咸水湖).Thehighestpartsofthe

formermountainrange,nearesttheshore,remainedasislands.(47)Marinefossils

foundherewere225feetabovesealevel,indicatingtheleveloftheshorelinepriortothe

glacier.

The2,500-mile-longrockycoastlineofMarinekeepswatchovernearlytwothousand

islands.Manyoftheseislandsaretinyanduninhabited,butmanyarehometothriving

communities.Mt.DesertIslandisoneofthelargest,mostbeautifuloftheMainecoast

islands.Measuring16milesby12miles.Mt.Desertwasessentiallyformedastwodistinct

islands,(48)

Foryears,Mt.Desertisland,particularlyitsmajorsettlement,BarHarbor,afforded

summerhomeforthewealthy.Recentlythough,BarHarborhasbecomearapidlygrowing

artscommunityaswell.But,thebestpartoftheislandistheunspoiledforestlandknown

asAcadiaNationalPark.Becausetheislandsitsontheboundarylinebetweenthe

temperate(温带)andsub-Arcticzones,theislandssupportstheplantsandanimalsof

bothzonesaswellasbeach,inland,andalpine(高山的)plants.(49).The

establishmentofAcadiaNationalParkin1916meansthatthisnaturalreservewillbe

perpetuallyavailabletoallpeople,notjustthewealthy.VisitorstoAcadiamayreceive

natureinstructionfromtheparknaturalistsaswellasenjoycamping,cycling,andboating.

Ortheymaychoosetospendtimeatthearcheologicalmuseum,learningabouttheStone

Ageinhabitantsoftheisland.

ThebestviewonMt.DesertIslandisfromthetopofCadillacMountain.(50)

Fromthesummit,youcangazebacktowardthemainlandoroutovertheAtlanticOcean

andcontemplatethebeautycreatedbyaretreatingglacier.

AItalsoliesinamajorbirdmigration

BMt.DesertIslandisoneofthe

CThewealthyresidentsofMt.

DThetermcomesfromtheactivity

EThismountainrises1,532feet.

FItissplitalmostinhalfbySome

答案解析：

46.DoThetermcomesfromtheactivityoftheiceage.

空格前句：Thisirregularityistheresultofwhatiscalleddrownedcoastline.

空格后句：Atthetime,....

47.FoItissplitalmostinhalfbySonesSond,adeepandnarrowstretchofwater...

空格前句：Thehighestpartsoftheformermountainrange,alongtheseashoreand

narrowstretchofwater,remainedasisland.

空格后句：Marinefissilefoundherewere225feetabovesealevel.

48.BoMt.Desertislandisoneofthemostfamousofalloftheislandsleftbehindby

theglacier.

干扰项：ThewealthyresidencesofMt.Desertislandselfishlykeepittothemselves.

空格前句:Mt.Desertislandis....Mt.Desertwasessentiallyformedastwodistinct

islands.

49.A.Italsoliesinamajorbirdmigrationlaneandisarestingspotformanybirds.

空格前句：Theislandsupportstheplantsandanimalsofbothzones...

50.E:Thismountainrises1,532feet,makingitthehighestmountainontheAtlantic

seashore.

空格前句：ThebestviewonMt.DesertislandisfromthetopCadilliacMountain

SomePeopleDoNotTasteSaltLikeOthers（A级）（无换题现象）

Low-saltfoodsmaybeharderforsomepeopletolikethanothers,

accordingtoastudybyaPennStateCollegeofAgriculturalSciencesl

foodscientist.Theresearchindicatesthatgeneticfactorsinfluence

someofthedifferenceinthelevelsofsaltweliketoeat.

Thoseconclusionsareimportantbecauserecent,well-publicized

effortstoreducethesaltcontentinfood2haveleftmanypeople

strugglingtoacceptfarethatsimplydoesnottasteasgoodtothemas

itdoestoothers3,pointedoutJohnHayes,assistantprofessoroffood

science,whowasleadinvestigator?onthestudy.

Dietshighinsaltcanincreasetheriskofhighbloodpressureand

stroke.ThatiswhypublichealthexpertsandfoodcompaniesareWorking

togetheronwaystohelpconsumerslowersaltintakethroughfoodsthat

areenjoyabletoeat.Thisstudyincreasesunderstandingofsalt

preferenceandconsumption.

Theresearchinvolved87carefullyscreenedparticipantswhosampled

saltyfoodssuchassoupandchips,onmultipleoccasions,spreadoutover

weeks5.Testsubjectswere45menand42women,reportedlyhealthy,

ranginginagefrom20to40years.Thesamplewascomposedofindividuals

whowerenotactivelymodifyingtheirdietaryintakeanddidnotsmoke

cigarettes.Theyratedtheintensityoftasteonacommonlyused

scientificscale,rangingfrombarelydetectabletostrongestsensation

ofanykind.

“Mostofuslikethetasteofsalt.However,someindividualseatmore

salt,bothbecausetheylikethetasteofsaltinessmore,andalsobecause

itisneededtoblockotherunpleasanttastesinfood,，zsaidHayes.

“Supertasters,peoplewhoexperiencetastesmoreintensely,consumemore

saltthannontastersdo.Snackfoodshavesaltinessastheirprimary

flavor,andatleastforthesefoods,moreisbetter,sothesupertasters

seemtolikethemmore.”

However,supertastersalsoneedhigherlevelsofsalttoblock

unpleasantbittertastesinfoodssuchascheese,Hayesnoted."For

example,cheeseisawonderfulblendofdairyflavorsfromfermented,milk,

butalsobittertastesfromripeningthatareblockedbysalt,〃hesaid.

〃Asupertasterfindslow-saltcheeseunpleasantbecausethebitterness

istoopronounced6.

Hayescitedresearchdonemorethan75yearsagobyachemistnamed

FoxandageneticistnamedBlakeslee,showingthatindividualsdifferin

theirabilitytotastecertainchemicals.Asaresult,Hayesexplained,

weknowthatawiderangeintasteacuityexists,andthisvariationis

asnormalasvariationsineyeandhaircolor.

“Somepeople,calledsupertasters,describebittercompoundsasbeing

extremelybitter,whileothers,callednontasters,findthesesamebitter

compoundstobetastelessoronlywearybitter,z，hesaid."Responseto

bittercompoundsisoneofmanywaystoidentifybiologicaldifferences

infoodpreferencebecausesupertasting7isnotlimitedtobitterness.

(476)

1.Inparagraph2,JohnHayespointsoutthat在第二段中，约翰.海

斯指出了。

A.itisgoodtohealthtoeatfoodwithoutsalt,吃无盐食物对身体

有好处。

B.manypeoplerejectlow-saltfoodcompletely..有些人完全反对含

盐量低的食物。

C.manypeopleacceptlow-salttastelessfoodreluctantly有彳艮多

人不情愿的去接受低盐度的食物。（正确答案）

D.foodwithreducedsalttastesbetter..含盐量低的食物更好吃。

2.Thefourthparagraphdescribesbriefly第四段简要的介绍了

A.howtoselectsubjectsandwhattodointheresearch.怎样选

择被测试者以及研究中做了什么。（正确答案）.

B.howtoidentifysupertastersandnontasters.怎样定义超重口味的

人和没口味的人。

C.whytolimitthenumberofsubjectsto87persons.为什么把人的

数量限制在87个。

D.whytoselectmoremalesubjectsthanfemaleones.为什么拟K选更

多的男性。

3.Thearticlearguesthatsupertasters文章指出口味超重的人

A.likethetasteofsaltinesstoblocksweettastesinfood.喜欢

用咸味阻挡食物里的甜味。

B.likesnackfoodsassaltinessistheirprimaryflavor.快餐食

品是他们最主要的食品。（正确答案）

C.consumelesssaltbecausetheydon，tlikeintensivetastes.

更少的盐，因为它们不喜欢重口味。

D.liketosharesaltycheesewithnontasters.喜欢和没口味的人分

享咸奶酪。

4.Whichofthefollowingappliestosupertastersintermsofbitter

taste?对于口味超重的人，下列哪项比较适用于苦味？

A.Theylikebitternessinfoodsaswellassaltiness.他们喜欢食

物中的苦和咸。

B.Theylikehigh-saltcheeseasithasintensebittertaste.他们

喜欢很咸的奶酪，因为它有强烈的苦味。

C.Theypreferhigh-saltcheese,whichtasteslessbitter..彳也

更喜欢高盐度的而不是很苦的奶酪。（正确答案）

D.Theypreferhigh-saltcheeseasitisgoodtohealth.他们更喜

欢很咸的奶酪，因为它对身体更健康。

5.Whatmessagedothelasttwoparagraphscarry，?文章的最后两段

所带有的信息是—O

A.Tasteacuityisgeneticallydetermined.一般情况下，味觉的敏感

度由基因决定。（正确答案）

B.Tasteacuityisdevelopedovertimeafterbirth.自从出生后，味

觉的敏感度一直在提高。

C.Tasteacuityisrelatedtoone，seyeandhaircolor.味觉的敏感

度和一个人的眼睛和头发的颜色有关。

D.Tasteacuityisstillamysterioussubjectinscience.味觉的敏

感度在科学上仍然是一个谜。

第三篇CellPhones:HangUporKeepTalking?

Millionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactually

consideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesarevery

popularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameans

ofcommunication—havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecooland

connected.

Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealth

professionalworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemany

peoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,

therehasbeenaserousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesare

worriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisno

proofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.

Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthe

braincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?Signsofchangeinthe

issuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning（扫描）

equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungage

becauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn'trememberevensimpletasks.He

wouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhis

mobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweek,fora

coupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthis

employer'sdoctordidn'tagree.

Whatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?Theansweris

radiation.High-techmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrom

mobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,

buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.

Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues,itappearsthatit'sbestto

usemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkfora

longtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephones

canbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,

mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.

Sofornow,it'swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften

41.PeoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat

Athey'repopular

Bthey'recheap

Cthey'reuseful

Dthey'reconvenient

42.Theworld"detected"inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedby

Acured

Bremoved

Cdiscovered

Dcaused

43.Thesalesmanretiredyoungbecause

Ahedislikedusingmobilephones

Bhewastiredoftalkingonhismobilephone

Checouldn'tremembersimpletasks

Dhisemployer'sdoctorpersuadedhimto

44.Onthesafetyissueofmobilephones,themanufacturingcompanies

Adenytheexistenceofmobilephoneradiation

Bdevelopnewtechnologytoreducemobilephoneradiation

Ctrytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultohealth

Dholdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryabout

45.Thewriter'spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisepeople

Atobuymobilephones

Btoupdateregularphones

Ctousemobilephoneslessoften

Dtostopusingmobilephones

YoungAdultsWhoExerciseGetHigherIQScores(A级)

YoungadultswhoarefithaveahigherIQandaremorelikelytogo

ontouniversity,revealsamajornewstudy_1_attheSahlgrenska

AcademyandSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital.

TheresultswererecentlypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNational

AcademyofSciences(PNAS).Thestudyinvolved1.2millionSwedishmen

doingmilitaryservicewhowerebornbetween1950and1976.Theresearch

groupanalysestheresultsofbothphysicalandIQteststheyoungsters

_2___rightaftertheystartedservingthearmy.

Thestudyshowsaclearlinkbetweengoodphysical_3_andbetter

resultsfortheIQtest.Thestrongestlinksarefor_4_thinkingand

verbalcomprehension.Butitisonlyfitnessthat_5___aroleinthe

resultsfortheIQtest,andnotstrength.uBeingfitmeansthatyoualso

havegoodheartandlung_6_andthatyourbraingetsplentyof_7_,”

saysMichaelNilsson,professorattheSahlgrenskaAcademyandchief

physicianattheSahlgrenskaUniversityHospital."Thismaybeoneof

thereasons_8_wecanseeaclearlinkwithfitness,butnotwithmuscular

_9_,Wearealsoseeingthattherearegrowthfactorsthatare

important.”

Byanalyzingdatafortwins,theresearchershavebeenableto_10___

thatitisprimarilyenvironmentalfactorsandnotgenesthatexplainthe

linkbetweenfitnessanda_11_IQ.

“Wehavealsoshownthatthoseyoungsterswho_12_theirphysical

fitnessbetweentheagesof15and18increasetheircognitive

performance,saysMariaAberg,researcherattheSahlgrenskaAcademy

andphysicianatAbyhealthcentre."Thisbeingthecase,physical

educationisasubjectthathasanimportantplaceinschools,andisan

absolutemustifwewantto_13___mathsandothertheoreticalsubjects.”

Theresearchershavealsocomparedtheresultsfromfitnesstests

_14_nationalservicewiththesocio-economicstatusofthemenlater

inlife.Thosewhowerefitat18weremore_15__togointohigher

education,andmanysecuredmorequalifiedjobs.

1.AcarriedBwascarriedCcarriedoutDcarryingout

2.AmadeBmakeCtakingDtook

3.AfitBfitnessChealthDexcises

4.AlogicalBcriticalCtypicalDpositive

5.AholdsBmakesCplaysDplay

6.AcapacityBdiseaseCshapeDtreatment

7.AchangeBhydrogenCoxygenDmemory

8.AwhatBwhyChowDwhere

9.AexerciseBtrainingCstrengthDmovement

10.AdetermineBtellCdeterminingDimprove

11.AmoderateBaverageClowerDhigher

12.AignoreBimproveClikeDdetermine

13.AbegoodinBstudywellCdogoodinDdowellin

14.AbeforeBafterCwithoutDduring

15.AcarefullyBlikelyCsecretlyDhappily

2011年职称英语考试参考答案（理工A代码13）

一、词汇选用-科

I•llgs

2、C..-i\ing

B.pusLag

Cxonsidcrud

5、A.causcd

6、A.reportud

7.I>understand

C.shaking

9,A.handle

10.B.sland

IkBcihnwis

12.A.aitaiJ

C.cn：ic!^»

D.encigctic

Cjinclecir

—%阅读判断

16Hiegroundbeneathourtcctisindeedshll

BWrong

17Thesluipcoflpnu>a<Joccunsarcslowl\cliangcd\\iththenuncinents<l\lates

ARiglit

IXlarthcooleddownshvdyatleritwastbnned

BWmn1M气：

19.oruLestimatedllKitIarlhScrustskilledshiiLnEtl^cub:!h)nscarsago

BWnwg

20.Itlookakmgtimelorthetncltcdcrusttobecomehard

CNotmentioned

21IheIbmuilionoftheISIKIsupiucruslalbellisihoiighllohuveslartedabout3.8billionxears

Ugo

ARight

22.TheIsuasupracr.r.talbeltisnowupopularholidayresort

CNotmciitio!1J

三、概括大意完或句子

23FOp^:uiing$vtern

24BDi、p!d\d*iiaconnection

25Aleaturcsandapplications

26!•IkismcsNusage

27Freleased

28Cmoditkd

29personali/cd

OOPO