八下10单元A部分(Grammarfocus4a4c)

1.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeover there?

I’vehaditforthreeyears.2.Howlonghashissonownedthetrain andrailwayset?

He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.3.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?

Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven’t playedforawhilenow.1.Howlonghaveyouhadthistoybear?

Ihaveowneditformorethansixyears.2.Howlonghasheworkedasapoliceman?

Hehasworkedasapolicemanfortenyears.3.Howlonghavetheyworkedhere?

TheyhaveworkedheresinceJune.4.HowlonghasshestudiedEnglish?

ShehasstudiedEnglishsinceshewasfive.Answerthesequestions1.现在完成时特殊疑问句的结构是什么？用什么疑问词来询问拥有某物品的时间？疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他成分;Howlong2.for后面接什么？介词for后接一段时间，指某个动作或情况到现在已持续了多久。3.since后面接什么？（1）作为介词，接一个时间名词。（2）作为连词，引导一个时间状语从句。表示“自···以来”指某个动作或情况从过去某一点时间一直持续到现在。

表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。PresentPerfectTense现在完成时e.g.Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryfortenyears.=Myunclehasworkedatthisfactorysincetenyearsago.I’ve

lived

here

since

1990．自从1990年以来我就住在这里。

I

haven’t

seen

him

for

three

years.

我三年没有看见他了。

含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。歌诀She’s

been

at

this

school

since

five

years

ago.

自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。

1.Mary离开多久了？

HowlonghasMaryleft?()

HowlonghasMarybeenaway?()2.这本书我买了5年了。

Ihaveboughtthebookforfiveyears.()I’vehadthebookforfiveyears.()×√句中动词的特点×√2.你哥哥参军多长时间了？

Howlonghasyourbrotherjoinedthearmy?(

)Howlonghasyourbrotherbeeninthearmy/beenasoldier?()×√句子中动词的用法此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。

borrow—keepbuy—haveputon—wearcatchacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowgettosleep—sleep非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换2.转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词”

begin/start—beon goout—beout close—beclosed open—beopen getto/arrive/reach—bein/at die—bedead leave—beawayfinish—beoverfallasleep—beasleepjoin—bein/beamemberofbecome—bemakefriends—befriendscome/go/—be+相应的介词短语Exercise1.Mike__(hasbeen,hasbecome)adoctorfortenyears.Helikeshisjob.2.Wearelate.Themovie__(hasstarted,hasbeenon)fortenminutes.3.Ken,youshouldreturnthebooktothelibrary.You__(haveborrowed,havekept)itformorethantwoweeks.4.I__(havebought,havehad)thisbikesinceIwasten.√√√√4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhavenoteatenfortenhours.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnaforthreeyears./sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto_____(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedhavealwayswanted3.We_________(have)apianosincelast November.We_______(buy)itfrom theLifamilywhentheymovedtothe USlastyear.4.CathyandAmy____________(notbe) backtotheirhometownfortwoyears. They______(miss)theirhometowna lotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.havehadboughthaven’tbeenmiss5.Thismuseum_________(be)herefor over20years.It_____(be)oneofthe oldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.

hasbeenis4cFillinthequestionsandasktwostudents.Thencompletethechart.1.Doyouhavea(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouhadit?2.Doyouowna(n)_______?Howlonghaveyouownedit?ThingsHowlongTonyfavoritebookbasketballfortwoyearssincehewas10yearsoldstudent1Student2Exercise1.Hisfather___thepartysince1978.AjoinedBhasjoinedCwasinDhasbeenin2.Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.we__friendssince10yearsago.AwereBhavebeenChavebecomeDhavemade3.Howlonghaveyou___here?Abouttwomonths.AbeenBgoneCcomeDarrived4.Hurryup!Theplay__fortenminutes.AhasbegunBhadbegunChasbeenonDbegan5.Hisuncle____fortwoyears.AdiedBhasdeadChasbeendeadDhaddeadDBACC同义句转换1.Hermotherhasbeenapartymemberfor3years.Hermother____theparty3years___.2.Heborrowedthebooktwoweeksago.He_________thebookfortwoweeks.3.Tom