英语四级阅读3

Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.

Short-rangegoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecan

applyonadailybasis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwowe

eks,orpossiblemonths.Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnost

rongerthanitsfoundation,outlong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwit

houttheachievementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termg

oals,weshoulddatetheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbu

ildonthosethathavebeencompleted.

Theintermediategoalsbukldonthefoundationoftheshort-rangegoals.Theymig

htdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldeven

extendforseveralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldnever

allowyourselftobecomediscouragedoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstep,

youwillenforcethebeliefinyourabilitytogrowadnsucceed.Andasyourlist

ofcompletiondatesgrow,yourmotivationanddesirewillincrease.

Long-rangegoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverf

iveyearsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgo

altolimitusorourcourseofaction.

1.Ourlong-termgoalsmeanalot—.

a.ifwecompleteourshort-rangegoals

b.ifwecannotreachsolidshort-termgoals

c.ifwewritedownthedates

d.ifweputforwardsomeplans

2.Newshort-termgoalsarebulidupon―.

a.twoyears

b.long-termgoals

c.currentactivities

d.thegoalsthathavebeencompleted

3.Whenwecompleteeachstepofourgoals,—.

a.wewillwinfinalsuccess

b.weareoverwhelmed

c.weshouldbuildupconfidenceofsuccess

d.weshouldstrongdesireforsettingnewgoals

4.Onceourgoalsaredrawnup,—.

a.weshouldsticktothemuntilwecompletethem

b.wemaychangeourgoalsaswehavenewideasandopportunities

c.wehadbetterwaitfortheexcitingnewsofsuccess

d.wehavemadegreatdecision

5.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat__.

a.thosewhohabelong-termgoalswillsucceed

b.writingdownthedatesmaydiscourageyou

c.thegoalisonlyaguideforustoreachourdesination

d.everyshouldhaveagoal

1/200答案：adcbc

TheeconomyoftheUnitedstatesafter1952wastheeconnomyofawell-fed,

almostfullyemployedpeople.Despitoccasionalalarms,thecountryescapedany

postwardepressionandlivedinastateofboom.Aneconomicsurveyoftheyea

r1955,atypicalyearofthe1950's,maybetypicalasillustratingtherapidecon

omicgrowthofthedecade.Thenationaloutputwasvalueat10percentaboveth

atof1954(1955outputwasestimatedat392billiondollars).Theproductionof

manufacturerswasabout40percentmorethanithadaveragedintheyearsimm

ediatelyfollowingWorldWar2.Thecountry'sbusinessspentabout30billiondollar

sfornewfactoriesandmachinery.Nationalincomeavailableforspendingwasal

mostathirdgreaterthanithadbeenithadbeenin1950.Consumersspentabo

ut256billiondollars;thatisabout700milliondollarsaday,orabouttwenty-five

milliondollarseveryhour,allroundtheclock.Sixty-fivemillionpeopleheldjob

sandonlyalittlemorethantwomillionwantedjobsbutcouldnotfindthem.O

nlyagriculturecomplainedthatitwasnotsharingintheroom.Tosomeobserver

sthiswasanominousechoofthemid-1920's.Asfarmer*sshreoftheirproduct

sdeclined,marketingcostsrose.Buttherewere,amongtheobserversofthen

ationaleconomy,afewwhowerenotasconfidentasthemajority.Thosefewse

emedtofearthattheboomcouldnotlastandwouldeventuallyleadtotheoppsi

te-depression.

1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

a.TheAgriculaturalTrendsof1950Js

b.TheUnemploymentRateof1950's

c.U.S.Economyinthe50's

d.TheFederalBudgetof1952

2.InLine4,theword“boom”couldbestbereplacedby______.

a.nearbyexplosion

b.thunderousnoise

c.generalpublicsupport

d.rapideconomicgrowth

3.ItcanbeinferredthenationalfromthepassagethatmostpeopleintheU

nitedStatesin1955viewedthenationaleconomywithanairof.

a.confidence

b.confusion

c.disappointment

d.suspicion

4.WhichofthefollowingwereLEASTsatisfiedwiththenationaleconomyint

he1950's?

a.Economists

b.Frmaers

c.Politicians

d.Steelworkers

5.ThepassagestatesthatincomavailableforspendingintheU.S.wasgreat

erin1955thanin1950.Howmuchwasit?

a.60%

b.50%

c.33%

d.90%

答案：cdabc

Womenarealsounderrepresentedintheadministrationandthisisbecauseth

erearesofewwomenfullprofessors.In1985,RegentBerylMilburnproducedar

eportblastingtheUniversityofTexasSystemadminitrationfornotencouragingw

omen.TheUniversitywasratedamongthelowestforthesystem.lna1987updat

e,Milburncommendedtheprogressthatwasmadeandcalledforevenmoreimp

rovement.

OneofthepositiveresultsfromherstudywasaSystem-wideprogramtoinf

ormwomenofavailableadministrativejobs.

CollegeofCommunicationAssociateDeanPatricaWitherspoon.saiditisimport

antthatwomanbeflexiblewhenitcomestorelocatingiftheywanttoriseinthe

ranks.

Althoughawomanmayfaceachillyclimateoncampus,manytimesinorde

rforhertosucceed,shemustriseabovetheproblemsaroundherandconcentr

ateonherwork.

UntilwomenmakeupagreaterpercentageoftheseniorpositionsintheUniv

ersityandallacademia,inequitieswillexist.

"Womenneedtospendtheirenergiesandtimedoingscholarlyactivitiesthat

areimportanthereattheUniversity.'1Spirdusosaid."Iftheydothatwillbesucc

essfulinthissystem.lttheyspendtheirtimeinlittlegroupsmourningthesexual

discriminationthattheythinkexistshere,theyarewastingvaluablestudytime.**

1.AccordingtoSpirduso,womenneedto___.

duceareportonsexualdiscrimination

b.callforfurtherimprovementintheirworkingconditions

c.spendtheirenergiesandtimefightingagainstsexualdiscrimination

d.spendmoretimeandenergydoingscholarlyactivities

2.Fromthispassage,weknowthat___.

a.therearemanywomenfullprofessorsintheUniversityofTexas

b.womenplayanimportantpartinadminitratingtheUniversity

c.theweatheronthecampusischilly

d.womenmakeupasmallpercentageoftheseniorpositionsintheUniversity

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

a.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wasgreaterthan

thatof1985

b.thenumberofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wassmallerthan

thatof1985

c.thenumberofwomenprofessorswasthesameasthatof1985

d.moreandmorewomenprofessorsthoughtthatsexualdiscriminationdidexi

tintheUniversity

4.OneofthepositiveresultsfromMilburn'sstudywasthat_____.

a.womenweretoldtoconcentrateonteirwork

b.womenweregiveninformationaboutavailableadministrativejobs

c.womenwereencouragedtotakeonalltheadministrativejobsintheUnvers

ity

d.womenwereencouragedtodomorescholarlyactivities

5.Thetitleforthispassageshouldbe.

a.TheUniversityofTexas

b.Milburn'sReport

c.WomenProfessors

d.SexualDiscriminationinAcademia

3/200答案：ddabd

Today,asineveryotherdayoftheyear,morethan3000U.S.adlescentswil

Ismoketheirfirstcigaretteontheirwaytobecomingregularsmokersasadults.

Duringtheirlifetime,itcanbeexpectedthatofthese3000about23willbemurd

ered,30willdieintrafficaccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-rel

ateddisease.Thenumberofdeathsattributedtocigarettesmokingoutweithtsall

otherfactors,whethervoluntaryorinvoluntary,asacauseofdeath.

Sincethelate1970s,whendailysmokingamonghighschoolseniorsreached30

precent,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclined.Whilethedeclineisimpress

ive,severalimportantissuesmustberaised.

First,inthepastseveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylitt

Ie.Second,inthelate1970s,smokingamongmalehighschoolseniorsexceededt

hatamongfemalebynearly10percent.Thestatisticisreversing.Third.severalr

ecentstudieshaveindicatehighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingr

ates,asmuchas75percent.

Finally,thouthsignificantdeclinesinadolescentsmokinghaveoccurredinthepas

tdecade,nodefinitereasonsforthedeclineexist.Withinthiscontext,theNaional

CancerInstiute(NCI)beganitscurrentefforttodeterminethemosteffecivemea

surestoreducesmokingleveslamongyouth.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thedeathsamongyoutharemainlycausedby__

a.trafficaccidents

b.smoking-relateddesease

c.murder

d.allofthese

2.Everydaythereareoverhighschoolstrdentswhowillbecomeregular

smoker.

a.75b.23c.30d.3000

3.By"dropout"theauthormeans_____.

a.studentswhofailedtheexamination

b.studentswholeftschool

c.studentswholosttheirway

d.studentswhoweredrivenoutofschool

4.Thereasonfordecliningadolescentsmokingisthat.

a.NCIhastakeneffectivemeasures

b.smokingispreventedamonghighschoolseniors

c.therearemanysmokerswhohavediedofcancer

d.noneofthese

5.Whatisimpliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat.

a.smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle

b.therearenowmorefemalethanmalesmokersamonghighschoolseniors

c.highsmokingratesareduetotheincreaseinwealth

d.smokingathighschoolarefromlowsocio-economicbackgrounds

4/200答案：bdbdb

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughscien

cehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesame

time,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseight

ypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcanceris

relatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.Differentculturesaremo

relikelytocausecertaindifferentillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteris

ticinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisntoanewdiscovery.In194

5,about35yearsago,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates,commonly

usedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivies,causedcancer.Yet,thes

ecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthe

timetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabelsofprocessedfoodarehelpful

orharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivep

enicillintobeefandlivinganimals,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfound

inthemilkoftreatedcow.Sometimessimilardrugsaregiventoanimalsnotfor

medicalpurposes,butforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofatten

theanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.AlthoughtheFood

andDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,th

epracticescontinue.

1.Whatisthebestpossibletitleofthepassage?

a.DrugandFood

b.CancerandHealth

c.FoodandHealth

d.HealthandDrug

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTture?

a.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons

b.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiv

entothelivinganimals

c.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangersoffoodadditivesforovert

hirty-fiveyears.

d.Foodmaycausefortypercentofcancerinworld.

3.Howhassciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?

a.Becauseofscience,diseasescausedbypollutedfoodhavenbeenvirtuallyelimi

nated.

b.lthascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

c.Becauseoftheapplicationofscience,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshave

beenaddedtofood.

d.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

4.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

a.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

b.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

c.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

d.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

5.Theword'carcinogenic'mostnearlymeans'___

a.trouble-making

b.color-retaining

c.money-making

d.cancer-causing

5/200答案：cacbd

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxati

on.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlift,beingonthegofrommornin

gtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymind

andbody.

Stressisannaturalpartofeverydayliftandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Inf

act,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstress

isvitaltoprovidemotivationadngivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestress

getsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.

Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindiv

idual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuchcharactersareobviouslypri

mematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsof

unusualdifficulties.Whenexposedtostressjnwhateverform,wereactbothchemi

callyandphysically.Infactwemakechoicebetween"fight"or"flight"andinmo

reprimitivedaysthechoicemadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecrises

wemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvol

vesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinuede

xposuretostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashigh

bloodpressureandheartdiseasehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecan

notremovestressfromourlives(itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould),w

eneedtofindwaystodealwithit.

1.Peoplearefindinglessandlesstimeforrelaxingthemselvesbecause____.

a.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselves

b.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealth

c.theyaretravellingfastallthetime

d.theyarebecomingbusierwiththeirwork

2.Accordingtothewriter,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanageris

his.

a.notfearingstress

b.knowingtheartofrelaxation

c.highsenseofresponsibility

d.havingcontroloverperformance

3.Whichofthefollwingstatementsisture?

a.Wecanfindsomewaystoavoidstress

b.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeople

c.ltiseasytochangethehagitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.

d.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountsofstress

4.InParagraph3,"suchareaction"refersbackto______.

a."makingachoicebetween'flight'or'fight'"

b."reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically"

c."respondingtocrisesquickly"

d."losingheartatthesignsdifficulties"

5.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,"doso"refersto.

a."exposeourselvestostress"

b."findwaystodealwithstress',

c."removestressfromourlives'1

d."establishedlinksbetweendiseasesandstress"

6/200答案：dadbc

Inthe1960s,manyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.

TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.

epuaLSomeofthemdecidedto"dropout"ofAmericansocietyandformtheiro

wnsocieties.Theyformedutopiancommunities,whichtheycalled"communes/'

wheretheycouldfollowtheirphilosophyof"doyourownthing."Agroupofartis

tsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalled"DropCity."Followingtheidea

sofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFullertheybuiltdomeshapedhousesfr

ompiecesofoldcars.Othergroups,suchasauthorKenKesey'sMerryPrankster

s,thefollowersfoSanFranciscopoetSteveGakin,andagroupthatcalleditself

theHogFarm,livedinoldschoolhusesandtraveledaroundtheUnitedStates.T

heHogFarmbecomefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFes

tivalin1969.SteveGaskin'sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennesse

e,buttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegruopwerearrestedforgro

wingmarijuana.

Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyof"doyouownthing,nhowever.

TwinOaks,acommunefoundedinVirgianiainthelate1960s,wasbasedonth

eideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecare

fullycontrolledbySkinner*s"conditioning"techniquestodothingsthatweregood

forthecommunity.In1972,ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosan

ti,autopiancityArizsonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelarg

ebuildingcalledan"archology"Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytoget

hersothattheywillallbecomeone.

1.WhydidsomeyoungAmericansdecideto"dropout"ofscoietyduringthe1

960s?

a.TheywerenotsatisfiedwithAmericansociety.

b.Theywantedtogrowmarijuana.

c.TheywantedtogototheVietnamWar.

d.Theydidnotwantallpeopletobeequal.

2.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommunelive?

a.Indome-shapedhouse

b.lnoldschoolhuses

c.OnafarminTennessee

d.lnanarchologyinArizona

3.WhogavethepeopleofDropCitytheideatobuliddome-shapedhouse?

a.PaoloSoleri

b.B.G.Skinner

c.SteveGaskin

d.BuckminsterFuller

4.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebaseon?

a.Thephilosophyof"doyourownthing"

b.Virginaiainthelate1960s

c.Theideasofpsychologist

d.Thebeliefthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogerher.

5.Whatisan"archology"?

a.Apersonwhostudiesarchaeology

b.Alargebuildingwherepeoplelivecloselytogether

c.AcityinArizona

d.Atechniquetocontorlpeople

7/200答案：abdcb

Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstis

thesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingm

orecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,a

nindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestoIe

am.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual-thesortofenvironm

entinwhichheisreared.Ifanindividualishandicappedenvionmentally,itislike

lythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligen

ceofwhichheiscapable.

Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintellingencecan

bedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Be

ingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocessesw

erethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andth

eywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrestedbyparentsoflowinte

lligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalpooprtunities.Markwasrea

redinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoas

achild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintel

lectually.Thisenviromentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlatet

eens,whentheyweregibentesetstomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was

125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthan

hisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrai

ns,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

1.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled.

a.MeasuringYourIntelligence

b.IntelligenceandEnvironment

c.TheCaseofPeterandMark

d.HowthebrainInfluencesIntelligence

2.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_.

a.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

b.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimprotantindetermininghisintelligence

c.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence

d.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

3.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is____.

a.85

b.100

c.110

d.125

4.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_____

a.individualwithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatsamelevel

b.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenviroment

c.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

d.changesofenviromentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

5.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual*sI.Q..

a.canbepredictedatbirth

b.staysthesamethrouthouthislife

c.canbeincreasedbyeducation

d.isdeterminedbyhischildhood

8/200答案：bcbcc

Asshewalkedroundthehugedepartmentstore,Edithreflectedhowdifficultit

wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishthathewas

aseasytopleaseashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume

Besides,shoppongatthistimeoftheyearwasamostdisgreeableexperience:

peopletrodonyourtoes,pokedyouwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouov

erintheirhastetogettoabargainaheadofyou.

Partlytohavearest,Edithpausedinfrontofacounterwheresomeattracive

tieswereondisplay."Theyarerealsilk,"theassistantassuredher,tryingtote

mpther."Worthdoubletheprice.'*Buteditknewfrompastexperiencethatherc

hoiceoftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.

Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallc

rowdofmanhadgatheredroundacounter.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipeso

nsale......andthepriceswereveryreasonable.Edithdidnothesitateforlong:a

Ithoughherfatheronlysmokedapipeoccasionally,sheknewthatthiswasapre

sentwhichwasbundtopleasehim.

Whenshegothome,withhersmallwell-chosenpresentconcealedinherhand

bag,herparentswerealreadyatthesuppertable.Hermotherwasinanespecial

lycheerfulmood,"Yourfatherhasatlasttodecidedtostopsmoking."Sheinfor

medherdaughter.

1.Edith'sfather

a.didnotlikepresent

b.nevergotpresent

c.preferredties

d.wasdifficulttochooseapresentfor

2.TheassistantspoketoEdithbecausesheseemed_____.

a.attractive

erestedinties

c.tired

d.inneedofcomfort

3.Edithstoppedatthenextcounter.

a.purosely

b.suddenly

c.unwillingly

d.accidentally

4.Edith'sfathersmokedapipe_____.

a.whenhewasobliged

b.onsocialoccasions

c.fromtimetotime

d.whenhewasdelighted

5.Shoppingwasverydisagreeableatthattimeoftheyearbecause_____.

a.coustomerstrodoneachother'stoes

b.coustomerspokedeachotherwiththeirelbows

c.customersknockedeachother

d.customersweredoingtheirshoppinginagreathurry

9/200答案：dbdcd

Ifthepopulationoftheearthgoesonincreasingatitspresentrate,therewill

eventuallynotbeenoughresourceslefttosustainlifeontheplanet.Bythemiddl

eofthe21stcentury,ifpresenttrendscontinue,wewillhaveusedupalltheoilt

hatdrivesourcars,forexample.Evenifscientistsdevelopnewwaysoffeedingthe

humanrace,thecrowdedconditionsonearthwillmakeitnecessaryforlustoloo

kforopenspacesomewhereelse.Butnoneoftheotherplanetsinoursolarsyst

emarecapableofsupportinglifeatpresent.Onepossiblesolutiontotheproblem,

however,hasrecentlybeensuggestedbyAmericanscientist,ProfessorCarlSaga

n.

Saganbelievesthatbeforetheearth'sresourcesarecompleetelyexhaustedit

willbepossibletochangetheatmophereofVenusandsocreateanewworldal

mostaslargeasearthitself.ThedifficultisthatVenusismuchhotterthanthee

arthandthereisonlyatinyamountofwaterthere.

Saganproposesthatalgaeorganismsthatcanliveinextremelyhotorcoldat

mospheresandatthesametimeproduceoxygen,shouldbebredinconditionsimi

IartothoseonVenus.Assoonasthishasbeendone,thealgaewillbeplacedin

smallrockets.SpaceshipwillthenflytoVenusandfiretherocketsintotheatmo

sphere.Inafairlyshorttime,thealgewillbreakdownthecarbondioxideintoox

ygenandcarbon.

Whenthealgaehavedonetheriwork,theatmospherewillbecomecooler,but

beformancansetfootonVenusitwillbeneccessaryfortheoxygentoproduce

rain.Thesurfaceoftheplanetwillstillbetoohotformantolandonitbutthe

rainwilleventuallyfallandinafewyearssomethinglikeearthwillbereproduced

onVenus.

1.1ntelongrun,themostinsolubleproblemcausedbypopulationgrowthone

arthwillprobablybethelackof______.

a.food

b.oil

c.space

d.resources

2.CarlSaganbelievesthatVenusmightbecolonizedfromearthbecause____

a.itmightbepossibletochangeitsatmosphere

b.itsatmosphereisthesameastheearth's

c.thereisagoodsupplyofwateronVenus

d.thedaysonVenusarelongenough

3.OnVenusthereisalotof________.

a.water

b.carbondioxide

c.carbonmonoxide

d.oxygen

4.Algaeareplantsthatcan____.

a.liveinveryhottemperatures

b.liveinverycoldtemperatures

c.manufactureoxygen

d.alloftheabove

5.MancanlandonVenusonlywhen.

a.thealgaehavedonetheirwork

b.theatmospherebecomescooler

c.thereisoxygen

d.itrainsthere

10/200答案：cabdd

Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,yo

umustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexc

itement.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyo

uwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhat

psychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystu

dyingthemeaningofcolourspreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveo

nhumanbeings.Theytellsus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavo

uriteclouraswegrowup----wearebornwithourpreference.IfyouhappentoIo

vebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasy

oucouldseeclearly.

Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods----thereisnodoubtaboutit.Ayellowroom

makesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;

andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheothe

rhand,blackisdepressing.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,

usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthanan