虚拟语气“十校联赛”一等奖

虚拟语气一、什么是虚拟语气？虚拟语气表示所叙述的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、建议、猜测或使语气婉转。二、虚拟语气的应用1、虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用1）与现在事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.1)Ifhe______todoso,hecouldfindthetime.wants B.wantedC.wouldwant D.haswanted3)IfI____abird,I____veryhappy.were,wouldbe B.am,shallbeC.am,wouldbe D.were,shallbeBA2）与将来事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishouldgotoseeafilm.IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday,hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall.IfIweretobetwentynextyear,Icouldtakethecourse.1）过去时would,should,could,might+动词原形2）should+动词原形3)wereto+动词原形Ifhe____inadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforhim.A.returns B.shouldhavereturnedC.weretoreturn D.hadreturned2)Idon’tthinkhewillattendtheparty.Butifhe____theparty,whatwouldhewear?A.shouldattend B.wouldattendC.attend D.hadattendedCA3)与过去事实相反从句谓语：主句谓语：Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldhaveseenher.had+动词的过去分词would,should,could,might+have+动词的过去分词Ifyou____thedoctor’sadvice,youwouldhaverecoveredalready.A.followed B.wouldfollowC.follow D.hadfollowed2)Ididn’tknowSmithwascominguntilnow.Ifyouhadletmeknowyesterday,I____totheairporttomeethim.A.wouldhavegone B.wouldgoC.willhavegone D.willgoDA3)What____lastnightifyou____todoyourwashing?A.wouldyoudo,hadn’thadB.wouldyouhavedone,hadn’thadC.wouldyoudo,didn’thaveD.wouldyouhavedone,didn’thave4)IfIhadhurried,thetrain____.A.wouldcatch B.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaught D.wouldhavebeencaughtBDHadIhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.=IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilm.4）在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略if

，但要把状语从句变成一般疑问句语序。____today,hewouldgetthereonFriday.Washeleaving B.IfheleavesC.Werehetoleave D.IfheisleavingCIfitisfinetomorrow,wewillgotothepark.注意：If引导的条件从句，不是全部都用虚拟语气。如果从句的事实有可能发生，那么，它的主句和从句的谓语动词的形式是：主为将，从为现。5）有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用butfor,without,ifonly,otherwise等词。

Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.

Withoutair,wecouldn’tlive.3)Ifonlytheweatherwerefine.4)Ihadbeentherebytaxi,otherwiseIwouldhavemissedthetrain.以butfor,without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if的主句的一致。主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和if从句相一致。以Ifonly开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if从句的一致。____theirassistance,hewouldhavetoleadaverymiserablelife,hemightevenstarvetodeath.A.With B.ButforC.Withoutfor D.Ifnot2)Hedidhisbestineverything,____hewouldnothavebeenwhathewas.A.andB.butC.otherwiseD.butthatBC6)有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致，出现混合虚拟语气结构。Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbewell.IfIwereyouIwouldnothavegonetoseethefilmyesterday.在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I____abletospeakitnow.A.couldbe B.couldhavebeenC.shouldbe D.wouldhavebeen2)Ifyou____withGeorgeyesterdaymorning,youwouldnotbesoangrynow.A.talked B.hadtalkedC.couldtalk D.weretotalkDBShetalkedaboutAmericaasifhehadbeenbornthere.Hesings

asthoughhewereasinger.2、由asif或asthough引导的状语从句，其谓语动词用过去式或had+动词的过去分词。1)Heappearsasthoughhe____anItalian.A.were B.was C.hasbeen D.be2)Itseemsasifhe____thereyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeenAD3、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用1）wish+宾语从句IwishIwereadoctor.IwishIshouldgoabroadnextyear.3)IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch.与现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时。与将来事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用should,would,could,might+动词原形。与过去事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。–DidyouseeRosebeforeshewenttoEngland?--No.IwishI____her.A.seeB.sawC.hadseenD.shouldsee2)–Joehasthreesisters,doesn’the?--Nowonderhewisheshe____abrother.A.hadB.willhaveC.haveD.canhave3)–MaybePaulawillbringusgoodnewsaboutouttests.--Iwishshe_____.A.doesB.bringsitC.willD.wouldCAD2)suggest等+宾语从句。这类动词有：order,insist,demand,desire,command,propose,request等。Theteachersuggestedthatoursportsmeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.Theheadmasterorderedthatallofthestudents(should)behereontime.Heinsistedthatwe(should)attendthemeeting.在宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。注意：insist,suggest后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气的情况。sheinsistedthatshewasright.2)Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.当insist的意思是坚持某人自己的观点时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。当suggest的意思是暗示、表明时，后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气。Wedemandedthathe____thebillbytheendofthemonth.A.wouldpayB.payC.paidD.hadpaid2)--DidyourfathergotoNewYork?--No,hisdoctorsuggestedthathe____.A.notgoB.isn’tgoingC.didn’tgoD.won’tgo3)Hissayingsuggestedhe___withherwords.A.notagree B.didn’tagreeC.hadn’tagree D.doesn’tagreeBAB4)–I’veheardthatJohnwrotealonglettertothepresident.--Hisuncleinsistedthathe____it.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddo5)IinsistedthatI____myhomeworklastnight.A.didB.haddoneC.doD.woulddoCBMysuggestionisthatyou(should)visitthefarm.Hisideaisthatthestudents(should)makeaplan.3）句中有suggestion,plan,idea,order,requirement,motion,recommendation,proposal等名词，其后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形。4）记住下面几个句型：

natural/important/necessarysurprising/strange/funnyItis+that

requested/suggestedapity/amatterofregret从句的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形2.It’stimethatwehadaclass.在It’sabout/hightimethat句型中，从句的谓语动词用过去时.3.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktoday.Iwouldratheryoufinishedtheworktomorrow.I’dratheryouhad

finishedtheworkyesterday.在wouldrather句型中，与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；与现在、将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去时。Itisapitythathe____suchagoldenopportunity.A.missed B.missedC.hadmissed D.shouldmiss2)It’s