河南省2022-2023学年普通高中学业水平考试解析与检测综合测试(二)英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2021级河南省普通高中学业水平考试解析与检测综合测试(二)英语二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnedaywhenBillwaswalkinghomefromschool,hehearda____1____comingfromthebushes.Hewentovertoseewhatitwas.Behindabush,hefoundablackandwhitedog____2____inatrap(陷阱).Billhurriedhomewiththedogandshowedhis____3____.Bill’sdadsaidthedoghadabroken____4____.Theytookthedogtothedoctor.Ontheway,Bill’sparentsdecidedthatBillcouldkeepthedog____5____theycouldn’tfindtheowner.Whentheyarrived,thedoctorputacast(石膏)onthedog’sleg.He____6____toldBillthatshewasgoingtohavepuppies(幼犬)!Thenextday,Billposted____7____aroundhisneighborhoodthatsaid,“Found:Dog-BlackandWhite,”andlistedhis____8____fortheownertocall.Twodayslater,Bill____9____acallfromtheownerofthedog.Theowner_____10_____Billfortakingsuchgoodcareofhisdog.Whentheownercameto_____11_____hisdog,hesaidBillcouldhaveoneofthepuppies.Billwasso_____12_____!Bill_____13_____adoghouseandevenboughtsome_____14_____togetreadyforthedog.Whatelse?Yes,a_____15_____forhisnewpuppy.Rosco,that’sit!1.A.whistle B.sigh C.whisper D.noise2.A.caught B.deserted C.hidden D.left3.A.neighbors B.friends C.parents D.brother4.A.ear B.nose C.tail D.leg5.A.because B.if C.though D.but6.A.again B.also C.still D.once7.A.signs B.results C.pictures D.maps8.A.address B.e-mail C.phonenumber D.reportcard9.A.returned B.heard C.received D.missed10.A.thanked B.reported C.accepted D.admired11.A.carefor B.pickup C.giveaway D.searchfor12.A.confused B.ashamed C.shocked D.excited13.A.imagined B.drew C.built D.visited14.A.bones B.puppies C.photos D.plants15.A.signal B.collar C.dress D.name【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.D5.B6.B7.A8.C9.C10.A11.B12.D13.C14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bill捡了一只受伤的小狗，他和家人一起带她去看医生治疗并得知这只狗即将生小狗，狗的主人感谢Bill对狗的照顾并答应送给他一只小狗，Bill很高兴。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当比尔从学校走回家的时候，他听到灌木丛里有声音。A.whistle口哨；B.sigh叹息声；C.whisper耳语，低语；D.noise噪音，声音。根据“Behindabush,hefoundablackandwhitedog”可知，他听到灌木丛里有声音。故选D。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在灌木丛后面，他发现一只黑白相间的狗被夹子夹住了。A.caught抓住；B.deserted抛弃，放弃；C.hidden隐藏；D.left离开。根据“inatrap”可知，一只黑白相间的狗被夹子夹住了。becaughtin“被困住”。故选A。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比尔带着狗匆匆回家，给他的父母看。A.neighbors邻居；B.friends朋友；C.parents父母；D.brothers兄弟。根据下文“Bill’sparentsdecidedthat”可知，此处指向父母展示小狗。故选C。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比尔的爸爸说那只狗断了一条腿。A.ear耳朵；B.nose鼻子；C.tail尾巴；D.leg腿。根据“thedoctorputacast(石膏)onthedog’sleg”可知，此处是信息词leg的词汇复现。故选D。【5题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在路上，比尔的父母决定，如果他们找不到狗的主人，比尔可以留下这只狗。A.because因为；B.if如果；C.though尽管；D.but但是。根据“theycouldn’tfindtheowner”可知，此处表示假设的情况，需用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他还告诉比尔她要生小狗了！A.again再一次，又一次；B.also也；C.still仍然；D.once一次，曾经。根据“Whentheyarrived,thedoctorputacast(石膏)onthedog’sleg.”可知，医生处理了小狗的伤，也告诉他这只狗要生小狗了。故选B。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，比尔在附近张贴了告示，上面写着:“招领启示：黑白狗”，并列出了他的电话号码，供主人拨打。A.signs招牌，信号；B.results结果；C.pictures图片；D.maps地图。根据“said,“Found：Dog-BlackandWhite,””可知，比尔在附近张贴了寻物启事，即告示牌。故选A。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.address地址；B.e-mail电子邮箱；C.phonenumber电话号码；D.reportcard成绩单。根据“fortheownertocall”可知，Bill列了电话号码供主人联系自己。故选C。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两天后，比尔接到了狗主人的电话。A.returned返回；B.heard听到；C.received接收；D.missed思念，错过。根据“acallfromtheownerofthedog.”可知，Bill接到了电话。故选C。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：主人感谢比尔对他的狗照顾得这么好。A.thanked感谢；B.reported报告；C.accepted接受；D.admired倾佩。根据“Billfortakingsuchgoodcareofhisdog.”可知，狗主人对Bill表示感谢。故选A。【11题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当主人来接他的狗时，他说比尔可以养一只小狗。A.carefor照顾；B.pickup捡起，接；C.giveaway捐赠；D.searchfor寻找，搜寻。根据“Whentheownercame”可知，狗主人来接小狗。故选B。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔太兴奋了！A.confused困惑的；B.ashamed羞耻的；C.shocked震惊的；D.excited兴奋的。根据“hesaidBillcouldhaveoneofthepuppies.”可知，狗主人答应送给Bill一只小狗，Bill很高兴。故选D。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比尔建了一个狗窝，甚至买了一些骨头来准备养狗。A.imagined想象；B.drew画画；C.built建造；D.visited拜访。根据“adoghouse”可知，Bill建了一个狗窝。故选C。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.bones骨头；B.puppies幼犬；C.photos照片；D.plants植物。根据“getreadyforthedog.”和常识可知，是给小狗准备骨头。故选A。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是的，给他的新小狗取的名字。A.signal信号；B.collar衣领；C.dress连衣裙；D.name姓名。根据“Rosco,that’sit!”可知，此处指给小狗取名字。故选D。三、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30.分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASugarGoldtreewasmyGrandma.Ilovedher.Everyonecalledmygrandma“Sugar”.EverytimeIheardit,Iwouldsmileahugesmile.GrandmaSugarhadasmallhousewithalargegarden.Sheworkedallyearlongpreparingthatgarden.Shewouldalwaystidythegardencarefully.Shewouldtillthesoiluntilitwaslikefinesand.GrandmaSugarwouldtellmethatifweplantthecorninoneplacethisyear,thenthenextyearwewouldneedtoplantitinanotherspot.Shewouldalwayssay,“Fillyourgardenwithflowers,Thebeeswillbuzz(嗡嗡地飞)aroundyourheadwhenyouarepickingthosenicelittlecucumbers(黄瓜).Afterall,theyhelpedtomakeourplantssobeautiful.”“Weareaboutreadytoplantsomesunflowers,”GrandmaSugarsaid,handingmeapacketofseeds.Icarefullyplacedtheseedsinrows,andcoveredthemwithsoil,steppingontopofthesoiltopackitdown.GrandmaSugarsatattheedgeofthegardenmakingsignstoputattheendofeachrow,withadateonit.EachyearwewouldkeepthosesignsinabookwithphotosofmeandGrandmaSugarinourgarden.GrandmaSugarhadawholebasketofseedstoplant.Onebyone,weplantedrowsofcorn,beans,cucumbers,onions,lettuceandtomatoes.Inthemiddleofsummer,Iwouldrundowntothegardenwithabasket.GrandmaSugarwouldyell(大赋),“Pickasaladfromthebed,littlesugar!”Growingupinthegardenwaswonderful.IrememberGrandmaSugarandhergarden.Ilearnedalotoflessonsinthatgarden.16.WhydidpeoplecallGrandma“Sugar”?A.Becauseshelikedsweetthings.B.Becauseshewaskindandhelpful.C.Becausehergardenwasattractive.DBecausehernamewentthatway.17.HowdidGrandmaSugarplantthecorn?A.Shefedbeesaroundthecorn.B.Sheplantedthecornwithflowers.C.Sheplantedthecorneverytwoyears.D.Shechangedthecornspoteveryyear.18.Whichhasaclosermeaningtotheword“till”inParagraph1?A.Digup. B.Lookfor. C.Giveup. D.Takeaway.19.WhatcanweknowaboutGrandmaSugar?A.Shedidn’tlikebeesbuzzing.B.Sheknewmuchaboutgardening.C.Shepreferredvegetablestoflowers.D.Shewasstrictwithhergrandchildren.20.Howdoestheauthorlikethegardeninglife?A.Hopeful. B.Challenging. C.Memorable. D.Encouraging.【答案】16.D17.D18.A19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者和Sugar奶奶在一起难忘的园艺生活。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SugarGoldtreewasmyGrandma.Ilovedher.Everyonecalledmygrandma“Sugar”.(SugarGoldtree是我的奶奶。我爱她。大家都叫我奶奶“Sugar”)”可知，人们叫奶奶“Sugar”是因为她的名字是那样的。故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“GrandmaSugarwouldtellmethatifweplantthecorninoneplacethisyear,thenthenextyearwewouldneedtoplantitinanotherspot.(Sugar奶奶会告诉我，如果我们今年在一个地方种玉米，那么明年我们就需要在另一个地方种玉米)”可知，她每年都换玉米地。故选D。【18题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“untilitwaslikefinesand(直到它像细沙一样)”可知，此处till意为“耕作，犁地”，意思与“digup”接近。故选A。【19题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“GrandmaSugarhadasmallhousewithalargegarden,Sheworkedallyearlongpreparingthatgarden.Shewouldalwaystidythegardencarefully.Shewouldtillthesoiluntilitwaslikefinesand.(Sugar奶奶有一所带大花园的小房子，她一整年都在打理花园。她总是细心地整理花园。她会把土犁得像细沙一样)”可推知，她知道很多关于园艺的东西。故选B。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Growingupinthegardenwaswonderful.IrememberGrandmaSugarandhergarden.Ilearnedalotoflessonsinthatgarden.(在花园里长大真是太棒了。我记得Sugar奶奶和她的花园。我在那个花园里学到了很多东西)”可推知，作何觉得园艺生活非常难忘。故选C。BIfyouthinkofthejobsrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthelist.But,insomecases,theyalreadyperformbetterthandoctorsatdiagnosing(诊断)illness.Alsosomepatientsmightfeelmorecomfortablesharingpersonalinformationwithamachinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?Britisheducationexpert,AnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoveroftheclassroom:2027.Hebelievesrobotswilldothemainjoboftransferring(传递)informationandteacherswillbelikeassistants.Intelligentrobotswillreadstudents’faces,movementsandmaybeevenbrainsignals.Thentheywilltransfertheinformationtoeachstudent.It’snotapopularopinionandit’sunlikelyrobotswilleverhaveempathy(共情)andtheabilitytoreallyconnectwithhumanslikeanotherhumancan.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’tenoughteachersand9-16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Teachersallovertheworldareleavingbecauseitisadifficultandlower-paidjobandtheyfeeloverworked.Thatproblemcouldbepartsolvedbyrobots.Perhapsthequestionisnot“Willrobotsreplaceteachers?”but“Howcanrobotshelpteachers?”Teacherswastealotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork,includingmorethan11hoursaweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobhumansdobest.21.What’sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Drawingaconclusion.BGivingananswer.C.Presentinganexample..D.Introducingthetopic22.WhatdoesAnthonySeldonthinkofrobotsin2027?A.Robotscandomostteaching.B.RobotswillworkasassistantsC.Robotscanonlytransferinformation.D.Robotswillhaveempathylikehumans.23.Whyarerobotteachersnecessary?A.Becauserobotteacherscostless.B.Becauserobotteachersteachbetter.C.Becausetherearen’tenoughteachers.D.Becausetherearealreadyrobotdoctors24.Howisarobotexpectedtohelpateacherbytheauthor?A.Byansweringemails.B.Bymarkinghomework.C.Byreadingstudents’faces.D.Byanalyzingbrainsignals.25.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.IllnessdiagnosingB.RobotteachersC.InformationtransferringD.Educationproblems【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人将扮演老师的角色。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyouthinkofthejobsrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthelist.But,insomecases,theyalreadyperformbetterthandoctorsatdiagnosing(诊断)illness.Alsosomepatientsmightfeelmorecomfortablesharingpersonalinformationwithamachinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?(如果你想到机器人永远无法做的工作，你可能会把医生和教师排在名单的首位。但是，在某些情况下，它们在诊断疾病方面已经比医生表现得更好了。此外，一些患者可能会觉得与机器分享个人信息比与人分享更舒服。机器人到底能在教育中占有一席之地吗？)”可知，第一段的作用是为了引入话题。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hebelievesrobotswilldothemainjoboftransferringinformationandteacherswillbelikeassistants.(他认为机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，教师将扮演助手的角色。)”可知，AnthonySeldon认为在2027年，机器人可以做大部分的教学工作。故选A。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’tenoughteachersand9-16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.(在世界上的一些地方，没有足够的教师，9-16%的14岁以下儿童没有上学。)”可知，需要机器人老师是因为教师资源不足。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Teacherswastealotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork,includingmorethan11hoursaweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobhumansdobest.(教师在非教学工作上浪费了大量时间，包括每周超过11个小时的批改作业。如果机器人能减少教师批改作业和写报告的时间，教师就会有更多的时间和精力从事人类最擅长的工作。)”可知，机器人可以帮助老师批改作业。故选B。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?(机器人到底能在教育中占有一席之地吗？)”和第二段“Britisheducationexpert,AnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoveroftheclassroom:2027.Hebelievesrobotswilldothemainjoboftransferring(传递)informationandteacherswillbelikeassistants.(英国教育专家安东尼·塞尔登是这么认为的。他甚至还为机器人接管教室定下了日期：2027年。他认为机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，教师将扮演助手的角色。)”可知，文章主要介绍了机器人将扮演教师的角色。故选B。第二节阅读下面方框中六个选项(A、B、CDE和E)，从中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项WhenIspeakEnglish,Iusuallytranslatewordsfrommynativelanguageinmyheadandittakesmealotoftimejusttospeakasimplersentence.____26____?StoptranslatinginyourheadandlearntothinkinEnglishIfyouwanttospeakEnglishfluentlyandnaturally.Thefollowing3stepswillhelpyou.Step:____27____Thinksmallfirst.Imeanthinkinwords,onlysimplewords.Thelearningofyourmothertonguestartswithsimplewordslike“dad”table”dog“blueandsoon.____28____.TrytosayeverythingyouseeinEnglish,onlyEnglish.Later,inaconversation,thepictureorVisualizationofarealtablewilldirectlyremindyouoftheword“table”.Step2:ThinkinsentencesThisstepneedsmoretimeandeffort.Butit’sworthit.____29____:“It’satable.”“Ihaveatable,”“Thetableisblue,”,etc.Justdoitstepbystepanddaybyday.Don’tjumptolongsentencesifyou’reabeginner.Otherwise,you’llbeletdown.Step3：Thinkinconversations____30____.Somesuggestedtopicsmaybeyourdailyactivities:family,friends,school,dream,favorites,andsomethingsimilar.Whenyouaresurethatyoucanexpressacompletethought,makeconversationswithothers.A.Thinkinwords.B.JusttrydoingthisinEnglish.C.Doesthissoundfamiliartoyou?D.SpeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.E.Startwithsimpleandshortsentences.F.Makeconversationswithyourselffirst.【答案】26.C27.A28.B29.E30.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了把英语说得流利而自然的方法。【26题详解】根据上文“WhenIspeakEnglish,Iusuallytranslatewordsfrommynativelanguageinmyheadandittakesmealotoftimejusttospeakasimplersentence.(当我说英语的时候，我通常会在脑海中翻译母语中的单词，仅仅是说一个更简单的句子就需要花费我很多时间。)”可知，这里提出了一个说英语困难的常见情况，C项承接上文，说明这是个非常熟悉的例子。C项：Doesthissoundfamiliartoyou?(这对你来说听起来熟悉吗？)符合语境。故选C。【27题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Thinksmallfirst.Imeanthinkinwords,onlysimplewords.(先从小事做起。我是说用语言思考，用简单的语言。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要用英语单词思考。A项：Thinkinwords.(用单词思考。)符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】根据下文“TrytosayeverythingyouseeinEnglish,onlyEnglish.Later,inaconversation,thepictureorVisualizationofarealtablewilldirectlyremindyouoftheword“table”.(尽量用英语说你看到的一切，只说英语。后来，在谈话中，一张真实的桌子的图片或形象化会直接让你想起“桌子”这个词。)”可知，空处建议人们用英语说出一件事来加深印象。B项：JusttrydoingthisinEnglish.(试着用英语做这件事。)符合语境。故选B。【29题详解】根据下文““It’satable.”“Ihaveatable,”“Thetableisblue,”,etc.(“这是一张桌子。“我有一张桌子”、“桌子是蓝色的”等等。)”可知，空处指出要从简短的句子开始。E项：Startwithsimpleandshortsentences.(从简单和简短的句子开始。)符合语境。故选E。【30题详解】根据下文“Somesuggestedtopicsmaybeyourdailyactivities:family,friends,school,dream,favorites,andsomethingsimilar.(一些建议的话题可能是你的日常活动:家庭，朋友，学校，梦想，最爱，以及类似的东西。)”可知，此处建议先和自己对话。F项：Makeconversationswithyourselffirst.(首先和自己对话。)符合语境。故选F。非选择题(共两大题，满分25分)四、短文填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,请根据短文内容从方框中所给的12个词中选用10个词并用其正确形式填空。将答案填写在答题卡的指定区域。每个词只能选用一次。theywillfromsowhenexistlightentirewhichfishmeetcompleteLastyear,IreturnedtoFuling,arivertownneartheYangtzeRiver.IvisitedtheWhiteCraneRidgeUnderwaterMuseum.It’saverystrangemuseum____31____isunder40metersofwater,IknewitsdirectorevenbeforethemuseumandtheThreeGorgesDam____32____.ItaughtEnglishatthelocalcollegeinthetownofFuling____33____1996to1998.Fulingwasthenquiet.Foreignerswereveryrare(稀小).WhenIatemylunchinthetowncentre,oftenacrowdcametowatchme.Thereweren’tanytraffic____34____Icouldn’tfindacar.Duringmyvisit,I____35____someofmyoldstudents.Theytoldmeabouttheiroldclassmates,manyofwhomhadleftFuling.IalsovisitedHuangZongmingandhisbrother.____36____Ilivedhere,theywerefishermen.Whenthefirststageofthedamwas____37____,theylefttheirhome.Iwassurethattheirliveswere____38____changed.Butnowldiscoverthateverythingisalmostthesamefor____39____.Theyarestillfishermenandgo_____40_____everyday.Thefishingontheriverisstillgood.ThedamhasnotchangedsomethingsinFuling.【答案】31.which32.existed33from34.lights35.met36.When37.completed38.entirely39.them40.fishing【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己在涪陵的一所大学当外教时遇到的一些人和事。【31题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个非常奇怪的博物馆，它在水下40米，我认识它的馆长，甚至在博物馆和三峡大坝存在之前。空处引导定语从句，先行词museum，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【32题详解】考查动词时态。句意同上。before引导的时间状语从句缺少谓语动词，表示“存在”应用动词exist，结合“knew”可知，使用一般过去时。故填existed。【33题详解】考查介词。句意：从1996年到1998年，我在涪陵当地的一所大学教英语。from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填from。【34题详解】考查名词。句意：没有红绿灯，我找不到车。表示“交通信号灯”应用trafficlight，此处强调“任何一些”，因此any后接可数名词复数。故填lights。【35题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我访问期间，我遇到了我的一些老学生。表示“遇见”应用meet，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填met。【36题详解】考查状语从句。句意：我住在这里的时候，他们是渔民。此处表示“当……时候”应用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。【37题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：当大坝第一阶段工程完成后，他们离开了家。表示“完成”应用动词complete，结合“left”可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语thefirststageofthedam和complete为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词was，空处需填过去分词形式。故填completed。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：我确信他们的生活完全改变了。表示“完全地”应用副词entirely，作状语修饰动词changed。故填entirely。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：但现在我发现，对他们来说，一切几乎都是一样的。表示“他们”应用代词them，作宾语。故填them。【40题详解】考查固定短