2023届四川省雅安市高三上学期零诊考试英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页雅安市高2020级零诊考试英语(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题，第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案：C.1.Whenwillthegirlgoshopping?A.OnSaturdaymorning.B.OnSaturdayafternoon.C.OnSundaymorning.2.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Preparingtakeaway.B.WritingareportC.Buyingsomeeggs.3.Whatdidthemandoonhisfirstsummerschoolday?A.HemethisclassmateAvis.B.Hegraspedsomeskills.C.Helearntsomerules.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Wifeandhusband.B.Salesgirlandcustomer.C.Waitressandcustomer.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirhobbies.B.Theirfreetime.C.Theircollegemajors.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.HowmuchtaxdoesthemanhavetopayfortherentalcarandtheGPS?A.$21.B.$30.C.$60.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodointheback?A.Checkthecar.B.Signthecontract.C.TaketheGPS.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemancheckout?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.9.Whatkindofroomwillthemanstayintonight?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Atwinroom.听第8段材料9回答第10至12题。10.Wherehavethespeakersdecidedtoholdtheparty?A.AtDonna’s.B.AtKyle’s.C.AtSara’s.11.WhatdoesSarahopetodofortheparty?A.Bringmusic.B.Makefood.C.Orderpizza.12.WhendoesSarasuggestthrowingtheparty?A.At12:00.B.At3:00pm.C.At6:00pm.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhydoesthemancallBelinda?A.Toconsultonsomething.B.Togethiscreditcard.C.Toobtainaninterview.14.WhatisthesixthletterofJoseph’scode?A.W.B.T.C.S.15.WhatdoweknowaboutJoseph?A.HeonceworkedinStark.B.Helivesinarentedhouse.C.He’sletouthisinformation.16.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Worried.B.Patient.C.Humorous.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthespeakerdoingwhenhesawthe£10note?A.Takingawalk.B.Havinglunch.C.Drivinghiscar.18.Whatdidthespeakerwaitforthecardrivertodo?A.Returntheumbrella.B.Buyanewspaper.C.Moverthecar.19.Whopickedupthewalletbehindthecar?A.Thestreetsweeper.B.Thewoman.C.Thecaféowner.20.Howdidthespeakerfeelattheendofthestory?A.Embarrassed.B.Happy.C.Confident.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AHerearesomenewbooksyoumaybeinterestedin.TheDreamofLifebyPhilipWalkertellstheuniqueandmagicalstoryofagirlandhermotherlivinginasmallroomwithnowindows.Thespacebetweenthewallsoftheroomwasactuallyallthegirlknewbecauseshehadbeenbornthere.It’llshockyou,grieveyou,andfinallymakeyouhappywhenyoufinishit.Attractedfromthestart,allkindsofreadersdon’twanttoputitdown.◆PublishedinOctober2022◆Publisher:UniversityCollegeofLondonPressTheDreamoftheCeltbyMarioVargasLlosaisthefirstnovelthatwilltakereadersthroughthemajoreventsofthe20thcenturythroughthreefamilies.MuchofitsactioniscenteredonWorldWarII.Althoughit’smorethan700pageslongandhasmanycharacters,thestoriesareverycloselyconnected.◆PublishedinAugust2022◆Publisher:ImperialCollegeLondonPressThefictionmasterTonyMorrisonreturnswithTheHomecoming,anovelaboutaworld-famousscientist.Itisaninterestingstory,totallyoutoftheordinary,asgoodasanythingawriterhaseverwritten.Newlymarriedpeoplecanlearnmuchfromthebook.◆PublishedinApril2022◆Publisher:OxfordUniversityPressKelteasImley’snewwork,TheInvisibleFate,wasaninternationalbestsellerbeforeitsUKreleaseinJuly.Whileit’swellwrittenandsometimesfunny,don’tbefooled-it’snotafeel-goodromanticcomedy.Ifyoudecidetoreadit,bepreparedforsomeheavymoments.◆PublishedinJuly2022◆Publisher:CambridgeUniversityPress1.WhatcanbelearntaboutTheDreamofLife?A.It’sacollectionofseveralstories. B.Ithasanunattractivebeginning.C.It’ssuitableforchildrenonly. D.Ithasahappyending.2.Whichbookishelpfulforyoungcouples?A.TheDreamofLife. B.TheHomecoming.C.TheInvisibleFate. D.TheDreamoftheCelt.3.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theysellwellinternationally. B.Theyareauthors’biographies.C.Theyareuniversitypublications. D.Theyfocusonthewars’cruelty.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’llshockyou,grieveyou,andfinallymakeyouhappywhenyoufinishit.(它会让你震惊，让你悲伤，最后在你读完它的时候让你开心)”可知，TheDreamofLife有一个幸福的结局。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ThefictionmasterTonyMorrisonreturnswithTheHomecoming,anovelaboutaworld-famousscientist.Itisaninterestingstory,totallyoutoftheordinary,asgoodasanythingawriterhaseverwritten.Newlymarriedpeoplecanlearnmuchfromthebook.(小说大师托尼·莫里森带着一部关于世界著名科学家的小说《归乡》回来了。这是一个有趣的故事，完全不同寻常，和作家写过的任何东西一样好。新婚的人们可以从这本书中学到很多东西)”可知，TheHomecoming对年轻夫妇有帮助。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分“◆Publisher:UniversityCollegeofLondonPress(出版社：伦敦大学学院出版社)”；第二部分“◆Publisher:ImperialCollegeLondonPress(出版社：伦敦帝国理工学院出版社)”；第三部分“◆Publisher:OxfordUniversityPress(出版社：牛津大学出版社)”以及最后一部分“◆Publisher:CambridgeUniversityPress(出版社：剑桥大学出版社)”可知，这四本书的共同点是都是大学出版物。故选C。BTariqQaiser,anarchitect,istryingtoprotectmangroves(红树林).ThetreescouldsavePakistan’slargestcityKarachi,sittingontheArabianSea,fromclimatedisaster.HecomestoBundalIslandseveraltimesaweektodocumenttheillegalcuttingofmangrovetrees.Veryoften,“youcan’thearasinglebirdbecausethechainsawsaresoloud.Thetreesarecutdownillegallyforfirewood,”hesays,shakinghishead.Besides,developersclearthemangrovestomakeroomfornewbuildings.Karachihasahotclimate,anditsconcretebuildingsandpavedroadsmakeitevenhotter.Offshore,thereareislandswheremangrovesgrow.Theycouldbethekeytoslowingclimatechange.Mangroveforestspullcarbondioxideoutoftheair,holdingfourtimesasmuchoftheplanet-warminggasasotherforestscan.Theysupportdiverseecosystems.Assealevelsrisewithglobalwarming,thetreescouldplayabigroleinprotectingcoastalcitieslikeKarachifromflooding.Karachi’smangrovesaredisappearing.ButitsnumbersarerisinginotherpartsofPakistan.Withreplantingefforts,thecountryhastripled(三倍于)itsmangrovecoverageoverthepast30years.Qaiser’sworkmayhaveworked.Recently,acourtinKarachideclaredBundalIsland’smangrovestobeprotectedforests.Butunforestedpartsoftheislandremainunprotected,anddeveloperswanttobuildthere.Cityofficialssaythiscouldprovidemuch-neededhousingandbringinbillionsofdollars.TheyclaimthatsomeofthatmoneycouldbeusedtoplantmangrovesinotherpartsofPakistan.EcologistRafiulHaqappreciatesQaiser’s“extraordinarywork”educatingthepublicaboutmangroves.ButhewishesQaiserwouldlookatthebiggerpicture.Only7%ofPakistan’smangrovesareinKarachi,Haqsays.Hethinksit’swrong“tofocusonthelossesin7%ofthecountrywhileignoringthesuccessin93%”ofit.ButQaiserbelievesit’simportanttoprotecteverybit.4WhatcanwesayaboutKarachi’smangroves?A.They’reeatingintothebuildingland. B.They’resufferingseriousillegal-cutting.C.They’remainlybeingusedasfirewood. D.They’reattractingdifferentkindsofbirds.5.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningmangrovetrees?A.Theirdifferentbirthplaces. B.Theirhugediversity.C.Theirbondswithnature. D.Theirrapidgrowth.6.WhatdotheKarachiofficialswanttodo?A.Growmangrovessomewhereelse. B.Buildfencestoprotectmangroves.C.Circlemoremangrovereserves. D.Usemangrovestomakemoremoney.7.WhatdoesHaqthinkofQaiser’sworkonKarachi’smangroves?A.Fruitful. B.Cost-effective. C.Inconsistent. D.One-sided.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了建筑师TariqQaiser致力于保护巴基斯坦最大城市卡拉奇红树林的事迹。【4题详解】细节理解题。第一段提到“HecomestoBundalIslandseveraltimesaweektodocumenttheillegalcuttingofmangrovetrees.”（他每周来本达尔岛几次，记录非法砍伐红树林的情况。）由此判断，卡拉奇的红树林正在遭受非法砍伐。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。第二段第二句提到“Offshore,thereareislandswheremangrovesgrow.Theycouldbethekeytoslowingclimatechange.Mangroveforestspullcarbondioxideoutoftheair,holdingfourtimesasmuchoftheplanet-warminggasasotherforestscan.Theysupportdiverseecosystems.Assealevelsrisewithglobalwarming,thetreescouldplayabigroleinprotectingcoastalcitieslikeKarachifromflooding.”（在近海，有红树林生长的岛屿。它们可能是减缓气候变化的关键。红树林从空气中吸收二氧化碳，其吸收的温室气体是其他森林的四倍。它们支持不同的生态系统。随着全球变暖导致海平面上升，这些树木可以在保护卡拉奇等沿海城市免受洪水侵袭方面发挥重要作用。）由此判断，第二段主要讲述了红树林与自然的联系，以及生态方面的关键作用。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。第三段最后两句提到“Cityofficialssaythiscouldprovidemuch-neededhousingandbringinbillionsofdollars.TheyclaimthatsomeofthatmoneycouldbeusedtoplantmangrovesinotherpartsofPakistan.”（市政府官员表示，这可以提供急需的住房，并带来数十亿美元的收入。他们声称，其中一些钱可以用来在巴基斯坦其他地区种植红树林。）由此判断，政府官员会在其他的地方种植红树林。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。最后一段提到“Only7%ofPakistan’smangrovesareinKarachi,Haqsays.Hethinksit’swrong“tofocusonthelossesin7%ofthecountrywhileignoringthesuccessin93%”ofit.ButQaiserbelievesit’simportanttoprotecteverybit.”（哈克说，巴基斯坦只有7%的红树林在卡拉奇。他认为“关注全国7%的损失而忽视93%的成功”是错误的。但是Qaiser认为保护每一处都很重要。）哈奇认为不能只关注到失败的而不关注成功的方面，但卡拉奇认为就算是再小的区域都要兼顾到，因此哈奇对于卡拉奇想法的认识是片面的，不全面的。A.Fruitful.富有成果的；B.Cost-effective.划算的；C.Inconsistent.不一致的；D.One-sided.片面的。故选D。CRecently,therehavebeenhugeadvancesinArtificialIntelligence(AI)programsthatcreateart.Dall-E2,atoolfromOpenAI,usesAItocreateexcellentpaintings,photos,andotherartworksinmanydifferentstylesbasedonsimpledescriptions.Sincethen,OpenAIhaschangeditsrulestoallowpeopletosignupandusethetool,butit’sstillputtingstrongcontrolsontheartthatcanbecreated.However,nowthere’reseveralotherAItoolsthatworkinsimilarways.Theyarefreeorcheap,anddon’thavesomeofDall-E2’slimits.Midjourneyisawebsitethatallowsuserstocreateimages(图像)fromshortdescriptions.StableDiffusionissimilar,butuserscanalsoruntheprogramontheirowncomputers.Thenewtoolsarepuissant,allowingpeopletoquicklyseealmostanyideatheycanimagine,eveniftheyaren’tartists.Forsomecreativeworkers,likethoseatcompaniesthatcreateadsorimages,thetoolsallowthemtoquicklyexplorenewideas.TheseAIprogramscanmakestrangemistakes.Butwiththerightdescription,they’reabletocreateimagesofjustaboutanythinginjustaboutanystyle.Artistssaythatthey’renowcompetingagainstcomputersforattention,prizesandjobs.It’shardforasingleartisttocompeteagainstalltheartandphotographythathaveeverappearedontheInternet.InAugust,2022,anartworkcreatedwithMidjourneywonfirstprizeattheColoradoStateFair,whichupsetmanypeople.TheimagesandthedescriptionsusedtotraintheseAIprogramsaretakenfromtheInternet.Theircreatorshaven’tgivenpermissionfortheirimagestobeused.Buttheirskillsandtalentsareahugepartofwhatmakesthenewtoolssosuccessful.Thishasraisedquestionsaboutwhetherwhatthesetoolsaredoingisfairorlegal.Thisisanareawherethelawisn’tclear.Someartists’groupssayartistsshouldgettodecideiftheirworkscanbeusedbythesetools.8.WhatdoweknowaboutOpenAI?A.It’screatedseveralAIarttools. B.It’searnedmuchmoneyforitself.C.It’smadeDall-E2accesslimited. D.It’spossessedmanyworksofart.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“puissant”meaninparagraph3?A.Expensive. B.Powerful. C.Time-consuming. D.Risk-taking.10.WhichwordbestdescribestheartistsfacingtheAIarttools?A.Stressful. B.Doubtful. C.Cheerful. D.Grateful.11.Whatconclusioncanwedrawfromthelastparagraph?A.Technologyadvancesfasterthanlawmaking. B.Thetrainingimageswillbeopentothepublic.C.AItoolswillbebannedbecauseofcopyright. D.Artistslacktheskillstocreatemodernworks.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。最近，创造艺术的人工智能程序有了巨大的进步。这些程序可以根据简短的描述创作出艺术作品，这让很多人感到惊讶，但是这也存在一些问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sincethen,OpenAIhaschangeditsrulestoallowpeopletosignupandusethetool,butit’sstillputtingstrongcontrolsontheartthatcanbecreated.(从那时起，OpenAI改变了规则，允许人们注册并使用该工具，但它仍然对可以创作的艺术进行了严格的控制。)”和“Theyarefreeorcheap,anddon’thavesomeofDall-E2’slimits.(它们是免费或便宜的，没有一些Dall-E2的限制。)”可知，OpenAI使Dall-E2有一些访问限制。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“allowingpeopletoquicklyseealmostanyideatheycanimagine,eveniftheyaren’tartists.(使人们能够快速看到几乎任何他们能想到的想法，即使他们不是艺术家。)”可知，这些新工具使人们能够快速看到几乎任何他们能想到的想法，这说明它们非常强大，由此可知，划线单词puissant意为“强大的”，与B项“Powerful.(强大的)”意思一样，故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Artistssaythatthey’renowcompetingagainstcomputersforattention,prizesandjobs.It’shardforasingleartisttocompeteagainstalltheartandphotographythathaveeverappearedontheInternet.(艺术家们表示，他们现在正与电脑竞争关注度、奖品和工作。一个艺术家很难与互联网上出现的所有艺术和摄影作品竞争。)”可推知，面对人工智能艺术工具，艺术家感到有压力，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thishasraisedquestionsaboutwhetherwhatthesetoolsaredoingisfairorlegal.Thisisanareawherethelawisn’tclear.(这就引发了这些工具所做的事情是否公平或合法的问题。这是一个法律不明确的领域。)”可推知，人工智能绘画工具是否合法是未知的，因为还没有相关立法，这说明技术进步比立法更快。故选A。DAntshavetheabilitytosmelloutcancercellsinhumans,anewstudyhasdiscovered,suggestingtheycouldbeusedforcancerdiagnosisinfuture.ResearchersdiscoveredthatantspeciescalledFormicafuscahasawell-developedsenseofsmell.Itwasabletodistinguishcancercellsfromhealthycellsinhumans,thankstotheirsenseofsmell,limitedtrialsshowed.Butmoreclinicaltestsmustbecarriedoutbeforetheycouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals,theteamsaid.Theysuggestthatinfuture,antscouldturnouttobebetteratdogswhenitcomestolocatingcancercellsinhumans.Toconducttheirresearch,thescientistsperformedtestswith36antssmellingcellsunderalabsetting.First,thespecialistsexposedtheantstothesmellofasampleofhumancancercells.Thissmellwasthenassociatedwitharewardofsugarsolution.Inasecondstep,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentsmells.Onewasanewsmellandthesecondwasthesmellofthecancercells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,thescientistsexposedtheantstodifferentcancercells.Assuch,thescientistsfoundthat“antscandistinguishcancercellsfromhealthycellsanddifferentcancercells.”Aftertraining,FormicafuscaantcanrecognizetheVOCsentoutbycancercells.Thisisn’tthefirsttimethatscientistshaveusedtheanimalsenseofsmelltolocatecancercells.“Dogsnosesarewellsuitedformedicaldiagnosisandusedfortherecognitionofcancer,”theresearchersexplained.However,trainingthemtodosorequiresseveralmonthstoayear.“Therefore,ants,asatoolforidentifyingcancercells,arefast,efficient,cheapandhavestrongdiscrimination,”theteamexplained.“Ourapproachcanalsobeusedinarangeofothercomplexsmellidentificationtasksinthefuture,includingidentifyingdrugs,explosives,spoiledfoodsordiseasessuchasmalaria.”12.WhydoscientistschooseantsFormicafuscatoexperiment?A.Theybehavemuchbetterthandogs. B.Theyareeasytobefoundinnature.C.Theyaremoreefficientandcheaper. D.Theyhaveaperfectsenseofsmell.13.Whichaspectofthestudyisparagraph3about?A.Itspurpose. B.Itsprocedure. C.Itsbackground. D.Itssignificance.14.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainanunusualcureforcancer. B.Toreporttheprocessoftrainingants.C.Tointroduceanewwaytoidentifycancer. D.Topredictamedicalstudy’sbreakthrough.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.Antsoperateoncancerpatients. B.Antscanstophumansgettingcancer.C.Scientistsfindantsarecancer-free. D.Antscansmellcancereffectively.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersdiscoveredthatantspeciescalledFormicafuscahasawell-developedsenseofsmell.Itwasabletodistinguishcancercellsfromhealthycellsinhumans,thankstotheirsenseofsmell,limitedtrialsshowed.(研究人员发现，一种名为福米卡的蚂蚁具有发达的嗅觉。有限的试验表明，由于它们的嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞)”可知，科学家选择蚁群作为实验对象是因为它们有完美的嗅觉。故选D。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“First,thespecialistsexposedtheantstothesmellofasampleofhumancancercells.Thissmellwasthenassociatedwitharewardofsugarsolution.Inasecondstep,theresearchersexposedtheantstotwodifferentsmells.Onewasanewsmellandthesecondwasthesmellofthecancercells.Oncethistestwassuccessful,thescientistsexposedtheantstodifferentcancercells.Assuch,thescientistsfoundthat“antscandistinguishcancercellsfromhealthycellsanddifferentcancercells.”(首先，专家们将蚂蚁暴露在人类癌细胞样本的气味中。然后，这种气味与糖溶液的奖励联系在一起。在第二步中，研究人员将蚂蚁暴露在两种不同的气味中。一种是新的气味，另一种是癌细胞的气味。测试成功后，科学家们将蚂蚁暴露在不同的癌细胞中。因此，科学家们发现“蚂蚁可以区分癌细胞与健康细胞和不同的癌细胞。”)”可知，第三段讲的是研究的程序。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。可推知，文章的目的是介绍一种识别癌症的新方法。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Antshavetheabilitytosmelloutcancercellsinhumans,anewstudyhasdiscovered,suggestingtheycouldbeusedforcancerdiagnosisinfuture.ResearchersdiscoveredthatantspeciescalledFormicafuscahasawell-developedsenseofsmell.Itwasabletodistinguishcancercellsfromhealthycellsinhumans,thankstotheirsenseofsmell,limitedtrialsshowed.Butmoreclinicaltestsmustbecarriedoutbeforetheycouldbeusedinclinicalsettingslikehospitals,theteamsaid.Theysuggestthatinfuture,antscouldturnouttobebetteratdogswhenitcomestolocatingcancercellsinhumans.(一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，这表明它们将来可以用于癌症诊断。研究人员发现，一种名为福米卡的蚂蚁具有发达的嗅觉。有限的试验表明，由于其嗅觉，它能够区分癌细胞和健康细胞。但该团队表示，在将其用于医院等临床环境之前，必须进行更多的临床试验。他们认为，在未来，蚂蚁可能会比狗更擅长定位人类体内的癌细胞)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现蚂蚁有能力嗅出人类体内的癌细胞，解释了背后的原因以及研究开展的过程。可知，D选项“蚂蚁能有效地嗅出癌症”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据对话内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。Emailisawayofsendingmessagesanddatatootherpeoplebymeansofcomputersconnectedtogetherinanetwork,whichplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Itissomethingthatmostofususealmosteveryday.____16____Firstofall,someonesendsyouajokeanddoesn’tgiveyoulicensetosendittoyourwholeaddressbook.____17____Thesameistrueforemailsthatsay“sendthison”orthatpromiseyourewardsforit.Evenifitisamusingorreallyinteresting,stopandconsiderifitisappropriatetosendittoothers.Ifyouhaveworkaddressesforyourcontacts,donotsendittoanyone’splaceofemploymentifthereisanyinappropriateness.____18____Therefore,don’tgetthemintroublebysendingsomethingthatisnotappropriate.____19____Don’tworry.PleaseputthecontactsintheBCCline,whichmeans“blindcarboncopy”.Thisway,allofyourcontactsareprotected.Whenreceivinganemail,ifitisapersonalnote,thepolitethingtodoistoacknowledgeit,evenifitisjustaquickreturnemailtosay“thanks!”._____20_____Useasubjectlinethatclearlyletsthereceiverknowwhattheemailisregarding,whichhelpsthereceivertodecidewhetherthereisneedforhim/hertoreadtheemailattentivelyornot.A.Nevershowyournameinyouremails.B.Ifit’snotabsolutelyamusing,don’tsendit.C.Howaboutsendingyouremailstoallyourfriends?D.Manypeoplehavestrictrulesaboutwhattheycansendandreceive.E.It’srudetoreceiveafriendlyemailfromafriendorco-workerandjustignoreit.F.Whatifyouignoretheaboveadviceandsendoutemailstoyourwholeaddressbook?G.Buttherearesometipsforgoodmannerswhenitcomestosendingorreceivingemails.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.F20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些发送电子邮件的礼仪建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Emailisawayofsendingmessagesanddatatootherpeoplebymeansofcomputersconnectedtogetherinanetwork,whichplaysaveryimportantroleinourdailylife.Itissomethingthatmostofususealmosteveryday.(电子邮件是通过连接在网络中的计算机向其他人发送信息和数据的一种方式，它在我们的日常生活中起着非常重要的作用。这是我们大多数人几乎每天都在使用的东西)”结合后文主要介绍了收发电子邮件的建议，故G选项“但是在收发电子邮件时，还是有一些礼貌的建议的”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Firstofall,someonesendsyouajokeanddoesn’tgiveyoulicensetosendittoyourwholeaddressbook.(首先，有人给你发了一个笑话，但不允许你把它发送到你的整个地址簿)”以及后文“Thesameistrueforemailsthatsay“sendthison”orthatpromiseyourewardsforit.(同样的道理也适用于那些写着“发送这个”或者承诺给你奖励的邮件)”可知，上文提到了收到了一个笑话，可推测本句承接上文说明，如何处理这种情况，故B选项“如果不是很有趣，就不要发”符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文“Evenifitisamusingorreallyinteresting,stopandconsiderifitisappropriatetosendittoothers.Ifyouhaveworkaddressesforyourcontacts,donotsendittoanyone’splaceofemploymentifthereisanyinappropriateness.(即使它很有趣或真的很有趣，也要停下来考虑一下是否适合发给别人。如果你有联系人的工作地址，如果有任何不合适的地方，不要把它发送到任何人的工作地点)”可知，上文提到考虑是否适合发给别人，且提到不要把它发送到任何人的工作地点，本句说明原因：许多人对他们可以发送和接收的东西有严格的规定。故D选项“许多人对他们可以发送和接收的东西有严格的规定”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据后文“Don’tworry.PleaseputthecontactsintheBCCline,whichmeans“blindcarboncopy”.Thisway,allofyourcontactsareprotected.(别担心。请把联系人写在BCC一行，意思是“密件抄送”。这样，你所有的联系人都受到保护)”可知，后文提到了别担心，可推测本句是在说明令人担忧的情况：把电子邮件发给你的整个通讯录。故F选项“如果你忽略了上面的建议，把电子邮件发给你的整个通讯录呢？”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】根据上文“Whenreceivinganemail,ifitisapersonalnote,thepolitethingtodoistoacknowledgeit,evenifitisjustaquickreturnemailtosay“thanks!”.(当收到一封私人邮件时，礼貌的做法是承认它，即使它只是一封快速回复的电子邮件说“谢谢!”)”可知，上文提到要说谢谢，推测不能对邮件视而不见。故E选项“收到朋友或同事发来的友好的电子邮件却视而不见是很不礼貌的”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。98-year-oldMaeAmburgeysurvivedthehistoric2022Kentuckyfloodsafterhergranddaughtersharedanalarmingphoto.Mae____21____escapedwithherlifeafterherapartmentwasflooded.Thewaterlevelroseto4feet,____22____her,hersonLarry,inhisseventies,andhergrandsonGregory.Theytried____23____severaltimestocallforhelp,asmostofthephonelinesweredownduetothe____24____.Eventually,Gregorytookapictureofhisgrandmothersittingonherbedwithherlegsdippedinthe____25____waterbelowandsentittohissisterMissy,wholivesinGreenOaks,Illinois,andtheinstantshe____26____thephoto,itbrokeherheart.She____27____thisphotoonasocialnetworkingwebsite.____28____it,shewrote,“Mygrandmother,uncleand____29____arestuckinthehouseacrossfromthehighschool.Anyonewhohasaboataroundthatarea,please_____30_____!”Theshotsoonwentviral(走红),attractingmanypeople’s_____31_____.Therewereemergencyboatsnearby,buttheyfailedtocomebecausetheycouldn’t_____32_____thelargeportionoffloodwaterwithapowerfulcurrent(水流).BothLarryandMaeare_____33_____,andyoungGregorycouldn’thelpthem_____34_____onhisown.However,beforethefamilylost_____35_____,onekindstrangerenteredthe_____36_____justintimeasthewaterkeptrising.Theman_____37_____thehomeandhelpedeachpersongetout.ThethreemenhelpedMaeoutandswamagainstthe_____38_____currenttosafety.Nooneknowswhothemanwas,andhe_____39_____beforeanyonecouldthankhim.Wehopehis_____40_____comesbacktohiminsomeway.21.A.barely B.nearly C.obviously D.immediately22.A.challenging B.puzzling C.trapping D.astonishing23.A.byaccident B.inadvance C.invain D.byluck24.A.weather B.construction C.repair D.flood25.A.warm B.dirty C.same D.special26.A.mailed B.described C.saw D.remembered27.A.found B.posted C.selected D.developed28.A.Accompanying B.Clarifying C.Simplifying D.Confirming29.A.sister B.brother C.mother D.father30.A.stop B.wait C.listen D.help31.A.imagination B.strength C.attention D.interest32.A.check B.cross C.choose D.search33.A.curious B.brave C.sorry D.old34.A.escape B.walk C.return D.recover35.A.love B.aim C.effort D.hope36.A.scene B.office C.boat D.school37.A.passedby B.drovealong C.brokeinto D.keptoff38.A.extra B.timely C.final D.tough39.A.disappeared B.arrived C.continued D.worked40.A.dream B.deed C.duty D.step【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D36.A37.C38.D39.A40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了98岁的梅·安伯吉在孙女分享了一张令人担忧的照片后，在2022年肯塔基州的历史性洪水中幸存下来的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：梅的公寓被洪水淹没后，她勉强逃过一劫。A.barely勉强才能；B.nearly几乎；C.obviously显而易见地；D.immediately立即。根据下文“ThethreemenhelpedMaeoutandswamagainstthe____18____currenttosafety.”可知，Mae最终逃过了洪水，勉强逃过一劫。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：水位上升到4英尺，困住了她，她的儿子拉里，70多岁，和她的孙子格雷戈里。A.challenging挑战；B.puzzling使困惑；C.trapping困住；D.astonishing使吃惊。根据前文“Thewaterlevelroseto4feet”可知，洪水涨到4英尺，困住了三个人。故选C。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们徒劳地多次尝试求助，因为大多数电话线都因为洪水而中断了。A.byaccident偶然地；B.inadvance提前；C.invain徒劳地；D.byluck幸运地。根据下文“asmostofthephonelinesweredown”可知，大部分电话线中断了，因此求助是徒劳地。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.weather天气；B.construction建筑；C.repair修理；D.flood洪水。根据前文“thehistoric2022Kentuckyfloods”和“Thewaterlevelroseto4feet”可知，发生了洪水。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，格雷戈里拍了一张他的祖母坐在床上和她的腿浸在脏水下面的照片，把它发送给他的妹妹Missy，她住在伊利诺斯州绿橡树，她一收到照片，就感动心碎了。A.warm温暖的；B.dirty肮脏的；C.same同样的；D.special特别的。根据常识和前文“Thewaterlevelroseto4feet”可知，发洪水了，水是脏的。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.mailed邮寄；B.described描述；C.saw看见；D.remembered记住。根据上文“sentittohissisterMissy,wholivesinGreenOaks,Illinois”和下文“itbrokeherheart”可知，Gregory把照片发给了妹妹，妹妹一看到母亲困在洪水中的照片，心碎了。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在社交网站上发布了这张照片。A.found发现；B.posted发布；C.selected选择；D.developed发展。根据下文“thisphotoonasocialnetworkingwebsite”可知，Missy把照片发布在社交网站上。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还写道：“我的祖母、叔叔和哥哥被困在高中对面的房子里。任何在那附近有船的人，请帮助！”A.Accompanying附带；B.Clarifying澄清；C.Simplifying简化；D.Confirming证实。根据后文“shewrote,“Mygrandmother,uncleand____9____arestuckinthehouseacrossfromthehighschool.”可知，发布了照片后，还附带有文字。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sister姐妹；B.brother兄弟；C.mother母亲；D.father父亲。根据前文“Gregorytookapictureofhisgrandmothersittingonherbedwithherlegsdippedinthe____5____waterbelowandsentittohissisterMissy”可知，Gregory是Missy的兄弟。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。