甘肃省天水市甘谷县2024学年高三年级开学摸底考试英语试题试卷含解析

甘肃省天水市甘谷县2024学年高三年级开学摸底考试英语试题试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Asitseconomyismaturing，China’s_________agreaterroleincriticalissueslikeclimateanddevelopment.A．definingB．assumingC．guaranteeingD．assuring2．Sheissuchanirritatingwoman,Idon’tknowhowyoucan______her.A．putup B．standwith C．standupto D．putupwith3．Allthestudentsarerequiredtochecktheyhavemadesomespellingerrorsintheircompositions.A．whetherB．whatC．thatD．which4．HowIwishI______mymouthbeforeIshoutedatmymum!A．shut B．haveshutC．hadshut D．wouldshut5．—HaveyouseenJiangWen’smovieLettheBulletsFlyrecently?—Yes.Iittwicelastweek,Athomeandinthetheatre.A．hadenjoyed B．enjoyed C．haveenjoyed D．wasenjoying6．Ididreallywellintheexamination,LiKe.Idid_________.Igotfullmark.A．noless B．notless C．notworse D．noworse7．Becauseoftheheavysnow,wehadtodelaythevisituntilthisweekendtotheartgallery____inthecenterofourcitythesedays.A．beingheld B．holding C．tobeheld D．held8．Ifyou___________tomyadvicecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchaterriblemistake.A．listened B．havelistenedC．wouldlisten D．hadlistened9．Ifyoucandowhatyou’reweakest______,youcanhandleanychallenge.A．forB．atC．withD．to10．IadmiremyEnglishteacher.Icanrememberveryfewoccasions_____shestoppedworkingbecauseofillhealth.A．that B．whenC．where D．which11．_____gaspricesarerising,peoplearelookingforlessexpensivewaystogetaround.A．NowthatB．EvenifC．AlthoughD．Unless12．Theconflictbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotection,ifnotappropriately_________,cancausedisastrousconsequencesindailylifesettings.A．beingmanaged B．tomanageC．managed D．managing13．-HowcanIgetintouchwiththetravelagency,Robin?-JustsurftheInternetandthencallone________thetelephonenumberisprovided.A．withwhich B．inwhich C．ofwhich D．bywhich14．ItshockedtheworldtheUnitedStateswithdrewfromsomemajoragreementsithadbeencommittedto,includingthe2015ParisAgreementonclimatechangemitigationandthe2015IranNuclearDeal.A．which B．whatC．whether D．that15．________someleadersandscientistshavepraisedChina’sachievementinspacetechnology,othersregardChina’sprogressasathreat.A．Unless B．OnceC．Eventhough D．Nowthat16．Iliveinatown______runsasmallandwindingriver.A．throughwhichB．whichC．inwhichD．where17．Lookingpeopleintheeye______sometimesmakethemnervousandembarrassed.A．must B．canC．should D．might18．MayIspeaktoMr.Smith？Iamafraidnot.Heisatameetingnow.It'snot_____________A．reliable B．convenientC．beneficial D．available19．Breakingupisthebusinessofthetwolovers,________nootherpersonshouldbeinvolved.A．which B．inthatC．that D．inwhich20．Weworkduringtheweek，butweekendsandeveningsareusually________．A．vacant B．casual C．empty D．clear第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Parentsoftenbelievethattheyhaveagoodrelationshipwiththeirteenagers.Butlastsummer,JoannaandHenrynoticedachangeintheirolderson:suddenlyheseemedtobetalkingfarmoretohisfriendsthantohisparents.“Thedoortohisroomisalwaysshut,”Joannsnoted.TinaandMarknoticedsimilarchangesintheir14-year-olddaughter.“Sheusedtocuddleup(蜷伏)withmeonthesofaandtalk,”saidMark.“Nowwejokethatshedoesthisonlywhenshewantssomething.Sometimesshewantstobetreatedlikealittlegirlandsometimeslikeayounglady.Theproblemisfiguringoutwhichtimeiswhich.”Beforeage11,childrenliketotelltheirparentswhat’sontheirminds.“Infact,parentsarefirstonthelist.”saidMichaelRiera,authorofUncommonSenseforParentswithTeenagers.“Thiscompletelychangesduringtheteenyears.”Rieraexplained.“Theytalktotheirfriendsfirst,thenmaybetheirteachers,andtheirparentslast.”Parentswhoknowwhat’sgoingonintheirteenagers’livesareinthebestpositiontohelpthem.Tobreakdownthewallofsilence,parentsshouldcreatechancestounderstandwhattheirchildrenwanttosay,andtrytofindwaystotalkandwritetothem.Andtheymustgivetheirchildrenamentalbreak,forchildrenalsoneedfreedom,thoughyoung.Anotherthingparentsshouldrememberisthattobeafriend,notamanager,withtheirchildrenisabetterwaytoknowthem.1、“Thedoortohisroomisalwaysshut”suggeststhattheson

_______.A．keepshimselfawayfromhisparentsB．doesn’twanttobedisturbedC．isalwaysbusywithhisstudiesD．beginstodislikehisparents2、WhattroublesTinaandMarkmostisthat

________.A．theirdaughterisn’taslovelyasbeforeB．theydon’tknowwhattosaytotheirdaughterC．theycan’treadtheirdaughter’smindexactlyD．theirdaughtertalkswiththemonlywhensheneedshelp3、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“thewallofsilence”inthelastparagraph?A．Teenagerstalkalotwiththeirfriends.B．Teenagersdonotwanttounderstandtheirparents.C．Teenagerstalklittleabouttheirownlives.D．Teenagersdonottalkmuchwiththeirparents.4、Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Parentsareunhappywiththeirgrowingchildren.B．Parentsshouldtrytounderstandtheirteenagers.C．Parentsshouldbepatientwiththeirsilentteenagers.D．Parentshavesuitablewaystotalkwiththeirteenagers.22．（8分）BooksatAmazon:Bestsellersofthemonth—Feb,2018FreshwaterbyAkwaekeEmezi—February6,2018Hardcover:$15.91AudioCD:$29.99Anextraordinarynovel.Freshwaterexplorestheamazingexperienceofhavinganotherself.ItcentersaroundayoungNigerianwoman,Ada,whodevelopsseparateselveswithinherasaresultofbeingborn“withonefootontheotherside.”Freshwaterisasharpcallofararewayofexperiencingtheworld,onethatshowshowweallconstructouridentities.MilkandHoneybyRupiKaur—February16,2018Hardcover:$18.00Paperback:$8.99AudioCD:$8.99Acollectionofpoetryandprose(散文)aboutsurvival.Abouttheexperienceofviolence,abuse(虐待),love,loss,andfemininity(女性).Itissplitintofourchapters，andeachchapterservesadifferentpurpose.Dealswithadifferentpain.Healsadifferentheartache.MilkandHoneytakesreadersthroughajourneyofthemostbittermomentsinlifeandfindssweetnessinthembecausethereissweetnesseverywhere;ifyouarejustwillingtolook.EducatedbyTaraWestover—February13,2018Hardcover:$16.80Paperback:$28.00Audiobook:$6.00AudioCD:$8.99Anunforgettablebiographyaboutayounggirlwho,keptoutofschool,leaveshersurvivalistfamilyandgoesontoearnaPhDfromCambridgeUniversity.Educatedisanaccountofthestruggleforself-invention.Itisataleoffiercefamilyloyalty,andofthesadnessthatcomesfromseveringone’sclosestties.ForceofNaturebyJaneHarper—February20,2018Hardcover:$17.10Paperback:$23.41Audiobook:FreeAudioCD:$34.15AnattractivenovelfromtheauthoroftheSundayTimestop10bestseller.Fivewomengoonahike.Onlyfourreturn.Whenfivecolleaguesareforcedtogoonacorporateretreatinthewilderness,theyreluctantlypickuptheirbackpacksandstartwalkingdownthemuddypath.Butoneofthewomendoesn’tcomeoutofthewoods.Andeachofhercompanionstellsaslightlydifferentstoryaboutwhathappened.1、Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefourbooks?A．Theyarealldifferentinthestyleofwriting.B．Theyallareonlyavailableonline.C．Theyallhaveapresentationoffemale.D．Theyarealllistedaccordingtothetimelineofpublication.2、Ifyouwanttobuyalldifferenteditionsofabook,whichonewillcostyoumost?A．Freshwater.B．MilkandHoney.C．Educated.D．ForceofNature.3、Whichauthortellsreadersvariousfeelingsoremotionsofpersonallifeinhis/herbook?A．AkwaekeEmezi.B．RupiKaur.C．TaraWestover.D．JaneHarper.23．（8分）ThebestbikesforthebeginnersWhenitcomestopurchasingyourfirstbike,thechoiceisendless,makingittoughtoknowwhattogofor.Herearethethebestbuysonthemarketrightnow.1.BoardmanCxCompThisisacrosscountrybike,andit’ssomultifunctionalthatyoucanhandleanyterrain(地势)onit,makingitagreatchoiceforthosewantingtotryvariouscyclingsubjects.Ifyouleaveonthethicktiresitcomeswith,itcanrideonvariouspathsandcanevenhandlesomelessdemandingmountainbikeroutes.Alternatively,putonthin,smoothtiresandtreatitasaroadbike.IthasabasketandcomeswithShimanoSoragears(变速器),whichareoutstandingforitsprice.£650,Halfords2.PlanetXRT-58v2PlanetXisbasedinYorkshire,whichmeansyou’dprobablyhavetobuythisbikewithoutseeingit.Butit’sworthit，becausethisisanexcellentmachineatalowerprice,PlanetXisahighlyratedmanufacturerandthismodelcomeswithShimanoSoragearing.£585,PlanetX3.SpecializedAllezE5Specializedisoneofthebiggestandmostpopularbrandsincycling,andthisisitshugelypopularprimaryroadbike.Itcomeswithsolidcomponentsfromfronttobackandyou’lllookgreatoutontheroad.£75,EvansCycles4.BoardmanRoadTeamCarbonIfyoucanpushyourbudgetfurtherstill,thisbikeisworththeextrainvestment.Theframeismadeentirelyfromcarbon,whichislighter,fasterandmorecomfortablethanthecompositionmetalmodelsaboveandgivesyouanallroundandmoreenjoyableride.Italsomeansthatifyougetreallyseriousaboutcycling,youdon’thavetoupgradeasquicklyasyouwouldwithacheaperbike.£800,Halfords1、WhatisspecialaboutBoardmanCXComp?A．ItsShimanoSoragears.B．Itsreasonableprice.C．Itsvariousfunctions.D．Itsfirmtires.2、WhichonehasthelowestpricebutwithShimanoSoragears?A．PlanetXRT-58v2.B．SpecializedAllezE5.C．BoardmanCXComp.D．BoardmanRoadTeamCarbon,3、Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesmentionedinthetext?A．PlanetXRT58v2hasbeensoldoutsofar,B．BoardmanCxCompisactuallyamountainbike.C．SpecializedAllezE5isdesignedforseniorcyclists.D．BoardmanRoadTeamCarbonismadebyspecialmaterials.24．（8分）Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Or,insummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime–abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup–yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentsalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.Inmanypartsoftheworld,peopletakenaps(小睡)inthemiddleoftheday.Thisisespeciallytrueinwarmerclimates,wheretheheatmakesworkdifficultintheearlyafternoon.Researchersarenowsayingthatnapsaregoodforeveryoneinanyclimate.Adailynapgivesoneamorerestedbodyandmindandthereforeisgoodforhealthingeneral.Incountrieswherenapsaretraditional,peopleoftensufferlessfromproblemsuchasheartdisease.Manyworkingpeople,unfortunately,havenotimetotakenaps.Thoughdoctorsmayadvisetakingnaps,employersdonotallowit!Ifyoudohavethechance,however,hereareafewtipsaboutmakingthemostofyournap.Rememberthatthebesttimetotakeanapisabouteighthoursafteryougetup.Ashortsleeptoolateinthedaymayonlymakeyoufeelmoretiredandsleepyafterward.Thiscanalsohappenifyousleepfortoolong.Ifyoudonothaveenoughtime,tryashortnap—eventenminutesofsleepcanbehelpful.1、Whydopeoplefeelsleepyintheearlyafternoonaccordingtothetext?A．Theyeattoomuchforlunch.B．Theysleeptoolittleatnight.C．Theirbodytemperaturebecomeslower.D．Theweatherbecomesalotwarmer.2、Ifyougetupat6:30am,whatisthebesttimeforyoutotakeanap?A．About12:30pm. B．About1:30pm.C．About2:30pm. D．About3:30pm.3、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．JustforaRest B．AllforaNapC．ASpecialSleepPattern. D．TakingNapsinWarmerClimate.25．（10分）Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,“No,thanks.I'vegotagoodhorseunderme.”Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedmethecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslikeTremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That'swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding'sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn'tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago'searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago'swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity'snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.1、Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow______.A．horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB．Chicago'sstreetswereextremelymuddyC．ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous2、ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto_______.A．getridofthestreetdirt B．lowertheChicagoRiverC．fightagainstheavyfloods D．buildthepipesaboveground3、Theunderlinedword“hoist”inParagraph4means“_______”.A．change B．liftC．repair D．decorate4、WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?A．Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.B．Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C．ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews.D．Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.5、ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago's______.A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB．environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD．successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Don’tletAurora’ssmallstature（身材）foolyou—herspiritisstrong.Sheisoneof140chickens1fromafarm.Whenwesavedher,shewastinyandsickanditseemed2thatshewouldsurvive.Havingnevergottheright3,manyofthechickensweresickandsome4died.Atayoungage,Auroraandhersistersandbrotherswere5bytheirmom.Luckily,anothermother6theircare.Auroraseemedthelastto7foodandattention.Shegrewatamuchslower8thanherbrothersandsisters.Everythingseemed9her.Attheyoungageofsevenmonths,Aurorahadlosttwomomsandwas10tofindaplacewiththeotherchickens.Aurora11foundcomfortwithanoldchickennamedMargaret,stayingunderher12wingsduringthecoldnights,13Margaretwassooldthatafewmonthslatershedied.Aurora,inherownway,thinksofMargaret.Everyevening,youwillfindherinthe14spotwhereshekeptMargaretcompany.15whentheotherchickenstryto16heraway,Auroracomesback.AsAuroragrew,webecame17atherlovetosimplylive.Nothing18her.Soremember,whenlifeseemsso19thatyoucan’ttakeit,thinkofAurora.Shehaslosttwomoms,watchedhersistersandbrothersdie,and20fromseriousillnesses.Yetsheenjoysthesmall,sweet____lifehasoffered—safety,food,warmthandgoodfriendships.1、A．raised B．purchased C．rescued D．collected2、A．hopeful B．proper C．possible D．unlikely3、A．touch B．care C．gift D．partner4、A．sadly B．angrily C．coldly D．calmly5、A．punished B．refused C．abandoned D．scolded6、A．tookon B．putforward C．lookedafter D．broughtabout7、A．get B．eat C．draw D．offer8、A．cost B．rate C．standard D．value9、A．for B．around C．about D．against10、A．arranging B．choosing C．struggling D．affording11、A．lately B．eventually C．constantly D．frequently12、A．unless B．so C．because D．but13、A．same B．relevant C．similar D．normal14、A．Still B．Thus C．Even D．Yet15、A．clear B．put C．turn D．push16、A．nervous B．amazed C．excited D．disappointed17、A．helped B．attracted C．impressed D．stopped18、A．tough B．different C．smooth D．boring19、A．waked B．made C．recovered D．learned20、A．chances B．pleasures C．dreams D．services第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）If1．(give)thechoice,agreatmanypeoplewouldchangeatleastoneaspectoftheirappearance.Theywouldrequestadoctortogivethemastraighternose,2．(big)lips,andsoon.Firstly,one’sappearanceis3．orherparents’blessing.Afterbreastenlargementsurgery,manywomenlooksexierthanbefore.4．,manyofthemarelaterdiagnosedwithmammarydiseases.Themoreseriouseffectis5．theyrisk6．(be)unabletobreast-feed.Secondly,theadvocating7．suchapracticewillmisleadpeopleinthe8．(judge)ofbeauty.Theconceptofbeautyisquiterichinitscontent.Itshouldincludemanyvirtueslikehonesty,diligence,andsoon,whichshouldformtherealmainstreamofourspirituallife.Thepracticeandthedebatesaboutman-madebeautywillconfusethosewhoaretodevelop9．correctconceptofbeauty.Concerningtheabovepossible10．(harm)thepracticemaybringabout,Iamstronglyagainstitandadvocateseekingtrueandnaturalbeauty.Besides,people,especiallywomen,shouldlaymoreattentiononthecultivationoftheirinnerhearts.Theinnerbeautyoutweighstheoutsidebeautyinthelongrun.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。3、必须按答题要求做题。否则不给分。ItwassnowingheavilyMondaymorning、LiHuawasatthebusstop,waitedforBusNo、601togotoschool、Afterthewhile,thebuscameandshegotonit、Therearemanypassengersinthebus、Someweretalkingbutsomewerelookingoutofthewindows、Suddenlythebusstopped、Thedriverturnedaroundandsaid,“Sorry、Thebushasbeenbrokendown、Pleasegetoffandhelppushthebus、”Whenweheardthis,LiHuaandtheotherpassengergotoffthebus、Theyworkedhardlytogether,pushingthebusslowlybackward、Soonthebuswasrunningagain、Allthepassengersweresmilingandthesunwasshining、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursinghome）陪老人们国重阳节（theDoubleNinthFestival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1.出发及返回时间；2.活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结语已为你写好。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua

参考答案第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1、B2、D3、A4、C5、B6、D7、A8、D9、B10、B11、A12、C13、C14、D15、C16、A17、B18、B19、D20、D第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21、In1917OrvilleWrightpredictedthat“theaeroplanewillhelppeaceinmanyways--–inparticularIthinkitwillhaveatendencytomakewarimpossible.”Earlierin1904,AmericanjournalistJohnWalkerdeclared,“Asapeacemachine,thevalueoftheaeroplanetotheworldwillbebeyondcomputation.”Thiswasn’tthefirstgrandpromiseoftechnology.InthatsameyearJulesVerneannounced,“Thesubmarine(潜艇)maybethecauseofbringingbattletoastoppage.”AlfredNobel,sincerelybelievehisdynamite(火药)wouldbeawarobstacle:“Mydynamitewillsoonerleadtopeacethanathousandworldconventions(公约).”Similarly,whenHiranMaxim,inventorofthemachinegun,wasaskedin1893,“Willthisgunnotmakewarmoreterrible?”heanswered,“No,itwillmakewarimpossible.”GugliemoMareconi,inventoroftheradio,toldtheworldin1912.“Thecomingofthewirelesstimewillmakewarimpossible,becauseitwillmakewarridiculous.”GeneralJamesHarbord,chairmanoftheboardofRCAin1925,believed,“RadiowillservetomaketheconceptofPeaceonEarth,GoodWillTowardMenareality.”DavidNye,ahistorianoftechnology,addstothelistofinventionsimaginedasabolishingwa