2023年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案篇

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-北京大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Ithasbeenrevealedthatnearlyoneinfivedegreecourseshasbeen（

）sincethetriplingoftuitionfeesto£9,000ayear.问题1选项A.scratchedB.scrapedC.scrabbledD.scrapped2.单选题The（）BritishtheoreticalphysicistStephenHawkingoncesaidinaninterviewthatheavenisafairystoryforpeopleafraidofthedark.问题1选项A.imposingB.loftyC.prominentD.eminent3.单选题IfyouhappenedtobewatchingNBConthefirstSundaymorninginAugustlastsummer,youwouldhaveseensomethingcurious.There,onthesetofMeetthePress,thehost,DavidGregory,wasinterviewingaguestwhomadeaforcefulcasethattheU.S.economyhadbecome“verydistorted”.Inthewakeoftherecession,thisguestexplained,high-incomeindividuals,largebanks,andmajorcorporationshadexperienceda“significantrecovery”；therestoftheeconomy,bycontrast—includingsmallbusinessesand“averysignificantamountofthelaborforce”一wasstuckandstillstruggling.Whatwewereseeing,heargued,wasnotasingleeconomyatall,butrather“fundamentallytwoseparatetypesofeconomy，”increasinglydistinctanddivergent.Thisdiagnosis,thoughalarming,washardlyunique:drawingattentiontothedividebetweenthewealthyandeveryoneelsehaslongbeenstandardfareontheleft.(Theideaof“twoAmericas”wasacentralthemeofJohnEdwards’s2004and2008presidentialruns.)Whatmadetheargumentstrikinginthisinstancewasthatitwasbeingofferedbynoneotherthantheformerfive-termFederalReserveChairmanAlanGreenspan:iconiclibertarian,preeminentdefenderofthefreemarket,and(atleastuntilrecently)thenation’sforemostdevoteeofAynRand.Whenthehighpriestofcapitalismhimselfisdeclaringthegrowthineconomicinequalityanationalcrisis,somethinghasgonevery,verywrong.Thiswideninggapbetweentherichandnon-richhasbeenevidentforyears.Ina2005reporttoinvestors,forinstance,threeanalystsatCitigroupadvisedthat“theWorldisdividingintotwoblocs—thePlutonomyandtherest”.Inaplutonomythereisnosuchanimalas“theU.S.consumer”or“theUKconsumer”，orindeed“theRussianconsumer”.Therearerichconsumers,fewinnumber,butdisproportionateinthegiganticsliceofincomeandconsumptiontheytake.Therearetherest,the“non-rich”，themultitudinousmany,butonlyaccountingforsurprisinglysmallbitesofthenationalpie.Beforetherecession,itwasrelativelyeasytoignorethisconcentrationofwealthamonganelitefew.Thewondrousinventionsofthemodemeconomy—Google,Amazon,theiPhonebroadlyimprovedthelivesofmiddle-classconsumers,evenastheymadeatinysubsetofentrepreneurshugelywealthy.Andtheless-wondrousinventions—particularlytheexplosionofsubprimecredit—helpedmasktheriseofincomeinequalityformanyofthosewhoseearningswerestagnant.Butthefinancialcrisisanditslong,dismalaftermathhavechangedallthat.Amulti-billion-dollarbailoutandWallStreet’sswift,subsequentreinstatementofgargantuanbonuseshaveinspiredanarrativeofparasiticbankersandotherelitesriggingthegamefortheirownbenefit.Andthis,inturn,hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy,inwhichtherichdisplayoutsizepoliticalinfluence,narrowlyself-interestedmotives,andacasualindifferencetoanyoneoutsidetheirownrarefiedeconomicbubble.1.Accordingtothepassage,theU.S.economy（）2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttoday’ssuper-elitewouldthepassagesupport?3.Whatcanbesaidofmoderntechnologicalinnovations?4.Theauthorseemstosuggestthatthefinancialcrisisanditsaftermath（）5.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）问题1选项A.faresquitewellB.hascompletelyrecoveredfromtheeconomicrecessionC.hasitsownproblemsD.islaggingbehindotherindustrialeconomies问题2选项A.Today’splutocratsarethehereditaryelite.B.Today’ssuper-richareincreasinglyanationuntothemselves.C.Theyarethedeservingwinnersofatougheconomiccompetition.D.Theyareworriedaboutthesocialandpoliticalconsequencesofrisingincomeinequality.问题3选项A.Theyhaveliftedmanypeopleintothemiddleclass.B.Theyhavenarrowedthegapbetweentherichandthenon-rich.C.Theyhaveledtoariseofincomeinequality.D.Theyhavebenefitedthegeneralpublic.问题4选项A.havecompromisedtherichwiththenon-richB.haveenrichedtheplutocraticeliteC.haveputAmericansonthealertfortoomuchpowertherichpossessD.haveenlargedthegapbetweentherichandnon-rich问题5选项A.presentthefinancialimbalanceintheU.S.B.displaysympathyfortheworkingclassC.criticizethesuper-eliteoftheUnitedStatesD.appreciatethemeritsofthesuperrichintheU.S.4.单选题Sincenoonecould()hisscribbling,thechiefeditordecidedtoreplacehimwithanothercolumnist.问题1选项A.encodeB.decipherC.clearD.identify5.单选题Atfirst,movieswerelittlemorethanamusingthatappearedtomove.问题1选项A.novelsB.noveltiesC.noticesD.novices6.单选题Inaculturelikeours,long（）allthingsasameansofcontrol,itissometimesabitofashocktoberemindedthatthemediumisthemessage.问题1选项A.accustomedtosplitanddividedB.accustomedtosplittinganddividingC.accustomedtosplitanddividingD.accustomedtosplittinganddivided7.单选题Asaresult,themissionoftheschool,alongwihthecultureoftheclassroom,（）.问题1选项A.wasslowlytochangeB.areslowlychangedC.isslowlychangingD.haveslowlychanged8.单选题Pleaseputyouremptycigarettepacketsandpaperbagsinthe______binsprovided.问题1选项A.junkB.litterC.scrapD.deposit9.单选题Icouldn'tsleepbecausethetapinthebathroomwas______.问题1选项A.drainingB.droppingC.spillingD.dripping10.单选题Salesofmushroomshavehitanall-timehighasBritonsincreasinglyturntothecheapand（

）foodstufffortheircooking.问题1选项A.versatileB.multipleC.manifoldD.diverse第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】D【解析】考查形近词辨析。空格处需要填写的是动词过去分词形式。scratch“抓，搔”；scrape“刮掉，擦掉”；scrabble“摸索，挣扎”；scrap“废弃”。句意：据透露，自从学费翻了三倍至每年9000英镑后，近五分之一的学位课程被废弃了。因此D选项符合题意。

2.【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。空格处应填入形容词修饰physicist。imposing“壮观的，威风的”；lofty“崇高的，高傲的”；prominent“突出的，显著的”；eminent“杰出的，有名的”。句意：英国杰出的理论物理学家斯蒂芬•霍金曾在一次采访中说，天堂是为害怕黑暗的人准备的童话故事。因此D选项符合题意。3.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：根据本文，美国经济_____。第一段第二句提到了美国经济“verydistorted非常扭曲”，排除A选项；第三句中的“Inthewakeoftherecession”说明美国经济仍受经济衰退影响，排除B选项；D选项说到美国经济落后于其他经济体，常识可判断错误。因此C选项符合题意。2.细节推理题。题干：关于当今的超级精英，文章支持以下哪一种说法？“elite”出现在文章第五段第一句和第六段第二句。由第五段中“Thewondrousinventionsofthemodemeconomy…evenastheymadeatinysubsetofentrepreneurshugelywealthy”说明是现代经济的发明使小部分企业家变得很富有，而非世袭，排除A选项；第六段中“hasledtowider—andnotunreasonable—fearsthatwearelivinginnotmerelyaplutonomy,butaplutocracy”表明担心日益扩大的收入差距会给社会和政治带来影响。因此D选项符合题意。3.细节推理题。题干：现代技术创新能说些什么呢?第五段第二句中提到“Thewondrousinventionsofthemodemeconomy…evenastheymadeatinysubsetofentrepreneurshugelywealthy”,说明现代经济的神奇发明能使一小部分企业家致富，使公众受益。因此D选项符合题意。4.细节推理题。题干：作者似乎在暗示金融危机及其后果____