四川省成都市郫都四中2024年高三下学期质量调研（文理合卷）英语试题含解析

四川省成都市郫都四中2024年高三下学期质量调研（文理合卷）英语试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecan_______whentheunexpectedwillhappen.A．prove B．implyC．demand D．predict2．Itisdifficultforanyofustoeatbetter,exercisemore,andsleepenough,______weknowweshould.A．because B．evenifC．unless D．before3．—Youlooksleepytoday.—__________nottomisstheflight,Ididn'tdaretoclosemyeyesthewholenight.A．Reminded B．BeingremindedC．Reminding D．Havingreminded4．Theoldbank,_____appearanceisnotaprettysight,isextremelybeautifulontheinside.A．whose B．whereC．when D．which5．InmanyhomesintheUK,thefirstperson_______hastomaketeaforthefamily.A．wakingup B．towakeupC．wokeup D．wokenup6．—Lucy,couldyoupleasesparemeafewminutes?一,butIhope“afewminutes”,won’tturnintoanhour.A．Itdoesn’tmatterB．That'skindofyouC．I’mafraidnotD．Iguessso7．Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis.A．abilityB．forceC．mindD．strength8．—Whataboutwatchingaballetshowthisevening?—Thanksforinvitingme,butballetisn’treally______.A．theappleofmyeye B．myfeetofclayC．mycupoftea D．thesaltoftheearth9．Theinfrastructureprojecthasconsumedsomuchmoneythatwecan'tfindanyfinancialsupportandhaveto______.A．pullout B．pullthroughC．catchup D．catchon10．Myfatherinsistedthateveryminute____madefulluseof_______theworkwell.A．be,todo B．hasbeen,doingC．be,doing D．hasbeen,todo11．thekeytothecarwhenmybosscametowardsme.FinallyIcoulddrivehimhomeasusual.A．NeverhadIfound B．SeldomdidIfindC．HardlyhadIfound D．NosoonerdidIfind12．Ican’tthinkwhyhe_____soangry.Imeantnooffence.It’stypicalofhimtobesensitive.A．shouldhavebeen B．musthavebeenC．mighthavebeen D．canhavebeen13．Duetothereformandopening­up,ourlivingconditions,undoubtedly,haveimproved________overthepastdecades.A．considerately B．approximately C．appropriately D．considerably14．SorryI’msolate,butyoucannotimagine________greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.A．whichB．howC．whatD．that15．--Ipreferacomputermadeinyourcompany,butImayneedsomemoreinformationabouttheproduct.--______.A．Thankyou B．It’sapleasureC．Youarewelcome D．Atyourservice16．—Didyougotolastnight’sconcert?—Yes.Andthegirlplayingtheviolinattheconcert_______allthepeoplepresentwithherexcellentability.A.impressed B．compared C．conveyed D．observed17．________enoughmoney,theyoungmanwasunabletobuyhisgirlfriendexpensivejewelry.A．Nottosave B．NotsavingC．Nothavingsaved D．Notsaved18．—Tony_______whatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn’tsayanything.—Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?A．couldfind B．shouldhavefoundC．mightfind D．musthavefound19．Inmydrivinglesson,atrafficrulethatimpressedmemostisthatinnotime________whenthetrafficlightsturnred.A．allvehiclesshouldstop B．shouldallvehiclesstopC．shouldstopallvehicles D．shouldstopallvehicles20．—Jenny，howdidyourmathexamgo?—IthoughtI________，butinfactIcameinthetop10%intheclass.A．mighthavefailed B．couldn’thavefailed C．shouldhavefailed D．mustn’thavefailed第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Duringtheperiodfrom1660through1800,GreatBritainbecametheworld’sleader.Languageitselfbecamesubmittedtorulesduringthisperiod.ThisneedtofixtheEnglishlanguageisbestillustrated(描述)inthemakingofTheDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagebySamuelJohnson.GuidestotheEnglishlanguagehadbeeninexistencebeforeJohnsonbeganhisprojectin1746.These,however,wereoftenlittlemorethanlistsofhardwords.Whendefinitionsofcommonwordsweresupplied,theywereoftenunhelpful.Forexample,a“horse”wasdefinedinanearlydictionaryas“abeastwellknown”.Johnsonchangedallthat,butthetaskwasnotaneasyone.Rentingahouseat17GoughSquare,Johnsonbeganworkingintheworstofconditions.Supportedonlybyhispublisher,JohnsonworkedontheDictionarywithfiveassistants.ComparedtotheFrenchAcademy’sdictionary,whichtookfortyworkersfifty-fiveyearstocomplete(1639-1694),Johnson’sdictionarywascompletedbyveryfewpeopleveryquickly.Balancedonachairwithonlythreelegs,Johnsonsatagainstawallinaroomfilledwithbooks.Johnsonwouldreadwidelyfromthesebooks,markpassagesillustratingtheuseofaparticularword,andgivethebookstohisassistantssothattheycouldcopythepassagesonslipsofpaper.TheseslipswerethenstucktoeightylargenotebooksunderthekeywordsthatJohnsonhadselected.Fixingthewordbythismethod,Johnsoncouldrecordaword，susageanditsdefinition.Howmanypassageswereused?AccordingtoJohnson’smodernbiographerWalterJacksonBate,theoriginaltotalnumbercouldhavebeenover20,000.Howmanywordsweredefinedbythelexicographer?Over40,000wordsappearedintwolargebooksinAprilof1755.DidJohnsonfullyunderstandthehugetaskhewasundertakingwhenhebegan?AshetoldhiscontemporarybiographerJamesBoswell,“IknewverywellwhatIwasundertakingandverywellhowtodoit—andhavedoneitverywell.”1、WhatistheproblemofearlyEnglishdictionaries?A．Theyonlyoffersimplepictures.B．Theylistjustafewforeignwords.C．Theysimplygivesometranslations.D．Theyaddnomorethansomebigwords.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lexicographer”inparagraph4referto?A．Apublisher. B．Abiographer.C．Amakerofdictionaries. D．Anassistant.3、WhatcanweinferaboutSamuelJohnsonfromthetext?A．HestandardizedEnglish.B．Hecaredaboutauthorityalot.C．Hegainedmuchfinancialsupport.D．Hecomplainedofworkingconditions.4、Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Todiscusstheproblemsofdictionaries.B．Toencouragepeopletoworkonaproject.C．Topersuadepeopletobuythenewdictionary.D．TointroducehowJohnsoncompletehisdictionary.22．（8分）Whileglobalwarmingandoceanacidificationdrivenbypollutioncausearealthreattoseacreatures,climatechangeisnottheprimarydriverthreateningtocausetheextinction(灭绝)oflargeoceananimals.Itishumansthatarethreateninglargeseacreaturesprimarilybyhuntingandfishingthem.Researchersfindingsreflectaphenomenonexperiencedbyancientlandecosystems(生态系统).Theselossesintheoceanareparallelingwhathumansdidtolandanimalssome50,000to10,000yearsago,whenwewipedoutaroundhalfofthebig-bodiedmammalsonEarth,likemammoths,mastodons.saber-toothcatsandthelike.Theincreasingthreattolargegroupsofseaanimalsisarecentphenomenon.Theresearchersmadethisdiscoverybycomparingcharacteristicsofnearly2,500extinctseavertebratesandmollusksalongsideotherscurrentlyindangerofextinction.Theyfoundthatsmallerseaanimalswerealittlemorelikelythanlargeonestobekilledoffduringfivepreviousmassextinctionevents—themostrecentofwhichwasassociatedwithasmallplanet’sstrikesome65millionyearsago.Whatwassurprisingtotheresearcherswasthattheydidnotseeasimilarkindofpatterninanyofthepreviousmassextinctioneventsthattheystudied.Thestudyshowsthatasixthmassextinction,whichmayalreadybeunderway,couldkillofflarger-bodiedanimalswhileleavingsmalleronesbehind.Thatcouldhaveaterriblelong-termimpact.Suchremovalofthelargestanimalsfromthemodernoceans,whichneverhappenedinthehistoryofanimallife,maydisturbtheorderofecosystemsformillionsofyearsevenatlevelsoftaxonomiclossfarbelowthoseofpreviousmassextinctions.Thisnewsshouldserveasawake-upcallforhumanstofundamentallychangethewaytheymanagetheoceans.Thatistosay,itisawarningofwhatwillhappenifwedon’tgetouracttogether.Limitingindustrializationoftheoceansmaybenecessarytogivethreatenedanimalstimeandspacetorecover.Mostwhalinghasbeenbannedsincethe1980s.Wehavebroughtgraywhalesbackfromtheedgeofextinctionandbluewhalesarecomingbacktoo.Theresearcherspointoutthatcuttingbackoncarbonemissions(排放)willalsobenecessarytoslowextinctions.1、Paragraph2isintendedtotellusthat________.A．bothlandanimalsandseaanimalsdieoutbecauseofhumansB．big-bodiedanimalswerekilledastheywerethreattohumansC．humanstendedtokillanimalsonlandinsteadofthoseinseasD．humanshavebeenmainkillersofanimalsforaverylongtime2、Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearcher’sstudiesaboutanimalextinction?A．Itiseasierforseacreaturestogoextinctthanlandones.B．Thepatternsofseaanimalmassextinctionareirregular.C．Humanswereresponsibleforallthoseextinctions.D．Small-bodiedcreaturesproducetheiryoungmoreeasily.3、Whichdoesthepassagesuggestisthemostimportantinstoppingseaanimalextinction?A．Tocompletelybanpeoplefromhuntingthem.B．Tofullyrealizetheurgencyofprotectingthem.C．TounconditionallyreleasekssCO2intotheair.D．Toreasonablykeepcontrolofthetradeinthem.23．（8分）ThebelovedandlongtimehostofMisterRogers’Neighborhood,FredRogerswasbornonmarch20,1928,inLatrobe,Pennsylvania.AftergraduatingfromLatrobeHighschool,RogerswasadmittedtoDartmouthCollege,wherehestudiedforayearbeforetransferring(转学)toRollinsCollegeinWinterPark,Florida.Rogers,who’dbegunplayingthepianoatayoungage,graduatedwithhighhonourin1951withadegreeinmusiccomposition.Duringhissenioryearofcollegehevisitedhisparentsandwasamazedbythefamily’snewesthouseholdaddition:atelevisionset.Hecouldseeabrightfutureforthemediumand,ashe’dlaterremembered,Rogersimmediatelydecidedhewantedtobeapartofit.Rogers’firstjobintelevisioncamein1953whenhewasemployedtoworkinprogrammingbyWQEDinPittsburgh,arecentlylaunchedcommunityTVstationthatwasthefirstofitskindinthecountry.Inthefollowingyear,hewasco-producinganewprogram,TheChildren’sCorner.ThisallowedRogers,who’dfalleninlovewithpuppetry(木偶戏)asachild,tointroducesomeofhisfavouritepuppetsfromhishometohisyoungaudience.Ashisexperiencegrew,sodidhisaspirations(抱负).Heearnedhisdivinity(神学)degreein1962.AfterthatPresbyterianChurchaskedhimtoservechildrenandfamiliesthroughtelevision.RogersmadehisfirstappearancethefollowingyearasMisterRogersonaCanadianBroadcastSystemshowcalledMisterogers.TheprogramhelpedlaythefoundationinitslookandapproachforRogers’latershow.Canada,however,wasnotwhereRogersorhiswife,Joanne,whomhe’dmetatRollins,wantedtoraisetheirtwoyoungsons.Soon,theRogersfamilywasbackinPittsburgh,whereRogerslaunchedMisterRogers’Neighborhoodin1996.1、WhatinspiredFredRogers’decisiontoenteracareerintelevision?A．Hisparents’encouragement.B．Hismajoratcollege.C．Atelevisionsetinhishome.D．Hisdeeploveinmusic.2、WhichonemainlyinfluencedMisterRogers’Neighborhood?A．MisterogersinCanada.B．TheChildren’sCornerC．Rogers’divinitydegree.D．Rogers’firstjob.3、WhydidthecouplemovebacktoPittsburgh?A．RogersplannedtolaunchMisterRogers’Neighborhoodthere.B．TheythoughtCanadawasunfitforbringinguptheirchildren.C．TheywantedtolookaftertheirparentsbackinAmerica.D．PresbyterianChurchinvitedthembackinAmerica.4、Whatdoesthewholetextmainlytalkabout?A．Rogers’interestsinmusicandpuppets.B．EarlyeducationFredRogersreceived.C．FredRogers’familyandhisexperiences.D．FredRogers’earlylifeandearlycareer.24．（8分）NowadayssixAmazonScoutdeliveryrobotsrolledoutinapilotprograminSnohomishCounty,Wash.Therobotscarrymeals,groceriesandpackagestohomesandofficesinthisregionjustnorthofSeattle.TheyhaveappearedonthesidewalksofLondon,Beijingandothercitiesandcommunitiesworldwide.Thesemachinesmustovercomepedestrianlegs,naughtydogsandbrokenpavement,whichraisessomequestions.Theseservicesaregainingattractionasagrowingnumberofcityresidentsexpectimmediateorscheduleddeliveryforjustabouteverything.Between2017and2018onlineretailsalesintheU.S.increasedby16percent.Onthefinalstepofallthesedeliveries,calledthelastmile,humansonbicycles,motorizedscooters(电动车)orlargedeliverytruckstypicallydeliverpackages.Allthevehiclescompeteforspaceonbusyurbanstreets.“Deliveriesaretrendingupwardsinallcrowdedcitycenters,andifcityandstateleadersdon’tstartthinkingaboutcreativesolutionslikerobotdeliveries,wecanexpectevenworsetrafficjams,”saysPaulMackie,directorofatransportationpolicyresearchcenterinArlington.Astudybythiscenterfound73percentofdeliveryvehiclesinArlingtonwereparkedoutsideofauthorizedareas,oftenblockingbikelanesandcrosswalks.Bymovingthelaststepofdeliveriesfromtheroadtothesidewalk,citiescouldreducetrafficjamsandsolvetheparkingproblementirely,Mackiesays.CompaniessuchasAmazonarenotdevelopingthisdeliverytechnologysimplytoclearupurbantraffic.Self-drivingvehiclesandsidewalkrobotscouldcutdownlast-miledeliverycostsincitiesbyasmuchas40percent,accordingtoa2018reportbyaconsultancyfirm.Adeliveryrobotcancostthousandsofdollarstomanufacture,andmostcurrentlyrequirehumanmanagementandconservation.Butinthelongruncompaniesthatuseautonomousdeliveryvehiclesinthenextseveralyearscouldendupsavingbillionsofdollars,thereportstated.1、WhydoesAmazonintroducedeliveryrobots?A．Toamuseitscustomers.B．Toavoidpedestrians,dogsandbrokenpavement.C．Tomeettheincreasingdemandofdeliveringpackages.D．Toconfirmthecompany’sinnovationspirit.2、WhatdoesPaulMackiemeanbyhiswordsinparagraph2?A．RetailsalesintheU.S.increasedfast.B．Deliveriesstaysteadyinallcrowdedcitycenters.C．Regardlessofrobotdeliveries,trafficjamswillremainthesame.D．Robotcanhelpeasethetrafficpressure.3、Whatcanrobotsdeliverybringtothecity?A．Blockbikelanesandcrosswalks.B．Relieveurbantrafficaswellassavedeliverycosts.C．Increasedangertopedestrians.D．Leadtotraffictrafficjams.4、Whichwordcanbestdescribethefutureoftherobotdelivery?A．Uncertain. B．Hopeless. C．Promising. D．Unacceptable.25．（10分）TheGoldenEgg“Idon’twanttowriteastoryaboutgirls!Idon’tknowanythingaboutgirls,”LouisaMayAlcotttoldherpublisher,Mr.Niles.Butshewasdesperateformoney.Sheseemedtobetheonlyoneinherfamilywhocouldmakemoney.Nileshadaskedhertowriteaboutsomethingsheknew,insteadoftheromanticadventurestoriesshehadbeenwriting.“SoIplodaway,”Alcottwrote,”thoughIdon’tenjoythissortofthing.”Itwas1867,andthehorribleCivilWarwasover.NowAlcottcouldturnherenergytomakingmoney.Alcottwroteasimplestoryoflifeinherfamily,theirpillowfightsonSaturdaynightsandtheamateur(业余的)playstheyperformed.”Ourexperiencesmayproveinteresting,thoughIdoubtit.”(Goodjoke,”shewroteyearslater.)Herbookdescribedherdaysgrowingupwithfoursistersinafamilythathadnomoney.Shesketchedalovingmotherwhotooktimetobeinterestedineachchild,andshetoldofthedeathofabelovedsister.SheportrayedherfamilyandfriendsinherbookLittleWomen,Finally,inJulyof1868,shefinishedwriting.Withasighandaheadache,shesentoffall102handwrittenpagesofherbook.Nilesthoughtthebookwasdull,andsodidAlcott.Butwhenshereceivedhercopiesofthebook,Alcottthoughtitseemedbetterthanexpected.“Notabitsensational,”shewrote,“butsimpleandtrue.Wereallylivedmostofit.”NilesaskedsomegirlstoreadLittleWomen,andtheylovedit.Ifthegirlslikedit,Alcottwassatisfied.Inthreemonths,allthecopiesofLittleWomenhadsold.Itwasalreadytimetoprintmorebooks!Nilesthoughthecouldsellthreeorfourhundredmorecopies.”Anhonestpublisherandaluckyauthormadeadullbookintoagoldeneggforanuglyduckling,”Alcottwrotein1885.Later,withagreatsighofrelief,shewasabletowrite,“Paidoffallthedebts!NowIfeelthatIcoulddieinpeace.Ifmyheadholdsout,I’lldoallIoncehopedtodo.”1、WhichofthefollowingwouldbeusedtodescribeAlcott’sbook?A．Funny.B．Boring.C．Magic.D．Skillful.2、Inwhichorderdidthefollowinghappen?a.AlcottbeganwritingLittleWomenb.NilesaskedAlcotttowriteaboutgirlsc.Alcottwroteromanticadventurestoriesd.Alcottperformedplayswithhersisterse.NileswasnotpleasedwithAlcott’swork.A．a,b,e,d,cB．d,c,a,b,eC．c,b,e,d,aD．d,c,e,b,a3、Welearnfromthestorythat,afterLittleWomensoldout,_________-A．AlcottwroteanotherbookB．somegirlsstartedtoreadthebookC．AlcottpaidoffallherdebtsD．Nilespublishedhundredsofbooksgirlsliked4、whenshehandedherfirstwritinginNileswas__________?A．unsatisfiedwiththeworkB．happyaboutherworkC．sureofhersuccessD．unpleasedwiththepublish第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）I’maboyof12.EverySaturdaynightmyfamilyandIgooutand1thehomelesspeopleinourcity.Therearehundredsofpeople2anyfoodor3.Wehavebeendoingthisforseveralmonths.Wewantedtosee4itwaslikeinthelifeofahomelessperson.OnespecialthingI’dliketo5is,myfamilyandIdonoteatbeforewebeginour6,soweknowhowitfeelstobe7.Weallgettogetherinthekitchenand8thefood.Someofthemealsaresandwichesandcookiesandabottleofwater.9mymumpreparesasteaming10deliciousmeal.Wethen11themallup.Iliketowritespecialnotesonthebaglike“BestWishes.”Alotofpeople12homelesspeople.Butnotallofthemaredrugaddictsorbadpeople.Someare13nice.Somejusthadbadthingsthatledtothem.Atfirst,wehadtogaintheir14,becausealotofpeopleare15tothemfornogoodreasons.Butnowthattheyseeuseveryweek,they16havefaithinus.Weallhavetorememberthatthesearepeoplewhohave17.Someofthemshakeourhandsfor18themfood.Somesinganddancehappily.Afterwefinishedfeedingthehomeless,itmakesme19whatIhaveathome.Ilovefeedingthehomeless,andmakinga/an20insomeone’slife.1、A．greetB．feedC．visitD．attend2、A．withoutB．withC．betweenD．awayfrom3、A．parentsB．strengthC．familyD．shelter4、A．howB．whatC．thatD．which5、A．chargeB．expectC．mentionD．do6、A．rideB．walkC．performanceD．journey7、A．hungryB．curiousC．fearfulD．tense8、A．tasteB．eatC．prepareD．share9、A．sometimeB．sometimesC．sometimesD．sometime10、A．coldB．coolC．strangeD．hot11、A．bagB．breakC．useD．give12、A．concernB．saveC．misunderstandD．adopt13、A．evenB．stillC．justD．seldom14、A．moneyB．trustC．nameD．address15、A．ashamedB．familiarC．unfriendlyD．embarrassed16、A．unusuallyB．generallyC．especiallyD．gradually17、A．tasksB．goalsC．feelingsD．methods18、A．receivingB．offeringC．takingD．providing19、A．appreciateB．acceptC．spreadD．waste20、A．experimentB．fortuneC．reportD．difference第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）NationalLoveOurChildrenDaybeganinAmericain2004.It1．(fall)onthefirstSaturdayinApril.2．(it)aimistohonorandcelebrateAmerica’schildrenandstressthe3．(important)ofloveastheygrowup.Itisalsointendedtopromotetherelationshipoffamilymembersandraiseawarenessoftheneedtoprotectchildren4．theharmfulsideofsociety.SomepeoplemayarguethateverydayshouldbeLoveOurChildrenDay.However,therearemillionsofotherchildren5．arelessfortunateandgrowupwithoutalovingchildhood.Healthyandhappychildrenprovidethebasisforasafesocietyforfuturegenerationswhentheybecome6．(parent).NationalLoveOurChildrenDay7．(start)bytheorganizationLoveOurChildrenUSAnearly15yearsago.IthelpstoorganizeeventsacrossAmericatomakechildrenfeel8．(delight).Theirwebsiteadvisesus9．(spend)thedaywiththechildrenanddosomethingspecialtogetherorbuythemsomethingthey’vebeendreamingfor10．longtime.FormermayorofNewYorkCity,MichaelBloomberg,alsosaid,“Allofourchildrendeservethelove,encouragementandrespectwhichtheyneedtoreachtheirfullpotentialtodayandeverydayoftheyear.”第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Everyonehasadream、Weareonthewaytoachieveitwhetherthewayissmoothortoughly、Assenior2student,IhavethesamedreamasmyclassmatesthatIcanbeadmittedtoanidealuniversity、Inthepast2years,IhavedoneeverythingIcantoequipmyselfwiththatIhavelearntfrommyteachers、NotonlyhaveIenjoyedthepleasuresofstudybutalsoIhavegotcloserto