Welcome+Unit+Discovering+useful+stuctures同步课件-【核心素养提升+备课精讲精研】高中英语同步备课堂（人教版2019）（必修第一册）

WelcomeUnitPeriod3DiscoveringusefulstructuresKnowaboutthe4typesofsentencestructures1234简单句并列句复合句并列复合句简单句什么+怎么样主语+谓语主语:人、物（抽象、具体）谓语动词：广义的动作（发生了什么事情）

主语+系动词+表语几种类型的动作独立完成的动作Hesleeps(不及物动词)有一个动作的承受者

Amylikesyou主语+及物动词+宾语有两个动作的承受者主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语有一个动作承受者，但须补充说明承受者信息Amythinksyousmart.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补非动作（说明主语的状态或性质）Heistall(=)Heisintheclassroom.HelookstallThefoodsmellsnice系动词主语+不及物动词AmyteachesyouEnglish主语+不及物动词主语+及物动词+宾语主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补主语+系动词+表语主+谓主+谓+宾主+谓+直宾+间宾主+谓+宾+宾补主+系+表1.无需承受者(宾语):

主语+不及物动词2.一个宾语,无补充信息:

主语+单及物动词+宾语3.两个宾语:

主语+双及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语4.一个宾语+补充信息:

主语+复杂及物动词+宾语+(宾语)补语5.赋予信息:

主语+系动词+主语补语/表语S表示“主语（subject）”V表示“谓语（verb）”O表示“宾语（object）”IO表示“间接宾语（indirectobject）”DO表示“直接宾语（directobject）”C表示“补语（complement）”P表示“表语（predicative）”定语Thelittlerabbitatealargecarrot状语Therabbitatequickly.同位语修饰主语或宾语修饰谓语动词主语或宾语再说一遍Amy,ourEnglishteacher,isverykindMembersofasentence:S

V

OP

A

DOIO

C（主语subject）（谓语动词verb）（宾语object）（表语predicative）（状语adverbial）directobject（直接宾语）indirectobject（间接宾语）（宾语补足语complement）它们是什么？分别由什么成分充当？Discussionattributive定语1.Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.2.Shewentoutinahurry.3.Fourplusfouriseight.4.Tosee

istobelieve.5.Smokingisbadforhealth.6.Theyoung

shouldrespecttheold.7.Whathehassaid

istrue.动名词(subject)主语:句子说明的人或事物

名词代词数词不定式名词化的形容词句子1.Showyourpassport,please.2.Shedidn'tsayanything

3.—Howmanydoyouwant?—Iwanttwo.4.Theysenttheinjured

tohospital.5.Theyasked

tosee

mypassport.6.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.7.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?名词代词数词不定式动名词名词化的形容词句子(object)宾语:动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语Pleaseshowme

yourpassport.

2.

MothermadeMary

anewcoat.

Discoverwhatmakeupthecompositionofasentence直接宾语(DO)和间接宾语(IO)的区别直接宾语表示动作的承受者，一般是物。间接宾语表示动作是对谁或为谁做的，一般是人。

间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语温馨提示直接宾语和间接宾语不能按宾语离动词的远近来判别。

可接双宾语的38个常用动词(1)双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.颁奖给某人bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.把某物带给某人handsb.sth.=handsth.tosb.把某物递给某人lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.把某物借给某人mailsb.sth.=mailsth.tosb.把某物寄给某人offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.将某物给某人owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物递给某人

booksb.sth.=booksth.forsb.为某人预定某物buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.为某人买某物choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.为某人选某物cooksb.sth.=cooksth.forsb.为某人煮某物fetchsb.sth.=fetchsth.forsb.为某人去取某物findsb.sth.=findsth.forsb.为某人找到某物fixsb.sth.=fixsth.forsb.为某人准备某物getsb.sth.=getsth.forsb.为某人拿来某物1.Iam

fine.2.Heisa

boy.3.Fiveplustwois

seven.4.Weare

here.5.Heisnot

at

home.6.Myhobbyis

reading.7.Ourdutyis

tomake

ourenvironmentbetter.形容词名词数词介词短语动名词副词不定式(predicative)表语:说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态1Thewarmadehimahero.

C

2Thefirelefthimhomeless.

C

宾语补足语(Objectcomplement):用来补充说明宾语的情况。名词形容词Sheencouragedherstudentstostudyhard.Hesawabirdflyingoverhishead.Ifindmybooksonhisdesk.不定式现在分词介词短语这类常用的及物动词有：make,let，consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have.温馨提示：宾语和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系。1.Ifoundthebookinteresting.2.Doyousmellsomethingburning?3.Hemadehimselfknowntothem.4.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.形容词不定式过去分词现在分词(objectcomplement)宾语补足语：说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make,let，consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have.温馨提示：宾语和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的主谓关系。ＳＶ间宾直宾1.She2.She3.He4.He5.I6.I7.I8.Hepassedcookedbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimherhusbandyouherhimhimmeanewdress.adeliciousmeal.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.1.Iwillbebackinawhile.2.Theyareplayingontheplayground.3.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.4.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.5.Iwaitedtoseeyou.时间状语地点状语原因状语目的状语结果状语(adverbial)状语：给谓语动词附加地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。6.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.7.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.8.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.方式状语条件状语让步状语(verb)谓语动词:说明主语的动作、状态和特征简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词;Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.Hecanspeak

Englishwell.Shedoesn’tseem

tolikedancing.see是及物动词look是不及物动词lookafter是动词短语谓语是canspeak谓语是doesn’tseem句子成分意义充当成分例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组Sheisdancingunderthetree.宾语表示动作的承受者

同主语BothofuslikeEnglish.表语与联系动词连用，说明主语的性质或特点

同主语Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.句子成分意义充当成分例句定语用来修饰名词或代词形，代，数，名,副，介词短语或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.宾语补足语逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系形容词，名词，介词短语等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.SentencestructureSentenceS+VAllofus

laughed!S+V+OI

miss

mygrandma.S+PTheteacher

was

kindandfriendly.SV+

IO+DOHe

told

us

afunnystory.S+V+OCI

found

mostofmyclassmates

friendlyandhelpful.S+V+AHe

talked

toomuch.S+V+OAI

had

myfirstmathsclass

atseniorhighschool.Therebe…There'salottoexploreatseniorhigh.FindthedifferencesFindthedifferencesS+P&S+VMyhobbyisswimming2.Myfavoritething

isplayingfootball3.Theboyisreadingabook. 4.Sheissleeping..PPVOV划出并写出下列句子的句型结构

1.We

don’tallow

anyone

tosmokehere2.You

shouldregister

beforeFriday.3.I

found

her

anoutgoingandkindgirl.

4.Herwords

gave

me

moreconfidence.5.Mymother

told

us

aninterestingstorylastnight.6.Thegirl

wasreading

astoryinalowvoice.7.NowI

know

thattheproperwayisalwaysherway.8.Whatweneed

is

money.9.Thetrafficlight

isflashing.10.It

willrain

tomorrow.svocsvAsvocsvIoDosvIoDosvosvospsvsvAExercise1Readthesentencesandanalysethestructures1.The100-year-oldschool

lies

inthecentreofthecity.

2.We

mustact.3.Themathshomework

looks

easy.4.Theteacher

found