人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册Unit 2 Looking into the future单元过关演练（含解析）

2020-2021学年人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册Uni2单元过关演练本套试卷总分120分。考试时间100分钟。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARapidadvancesinnewtechnologywillsoontransformsciencefictionintoreality—meaningpeoplewillhavedriverlesscars,smallrobotsattheircommandandtheabilitytoexperiencebeinginanotherplacewithoutleavinghome,predictedGoogleexecutivechairmanEricSchmidtattheMobileWorldCongressinBarcelona,theplanet’slargestcellphonetradeshow.Introductionofbooksavailableonline,Internettranslationoflanguagesandvoicerecognitionforcomputersallhappenedmuchfasterthananyonecouldforeseeandthattechnologicalresearchintoevenmorepreviouslyunheard-ofadvancesisprogressingatafastspeed.“Peoplewhopredictthatholograms(全息图)andself-drivingcarswillbecomerealitysoonareabsolutelyright,”Schmidttoldthousandsofattendees.Researchunderwaywillleadtosituationswherepeoplecanputthemselvesateventslikearockconcertsothattheycansee,hearandevenfeeltheevent.Andturndownthevolume,ifit’stooloud.Oneattendeesaidshewasscaredthatthepossibilitycouldbedehumanizing,butSchmidtrepliedbyholdinguphiscellphoneintotheair.“Ithasanoffbuttonanditishereontheright,”Schmidtsaid.“Mypointisthatitisallaboutyourcontrol.Ifyoudon’tlikemyversionofarockconcert,I’mnotforcingyoutogo.Inthefuture,smallrobotscouldbeusedsobusypeoplecansendthemtoeventsforvideoandvoicetransmissionswhentheirpresenceisn’trequired,”Schmidtsaid.Technologyinthenearfuturewillredefinetherelationshipamongpeopleintheworld.“Smarterresourcefulcitizensaregoingtodemandabetterdealfortheirnewlife,”Schmidtsaid.()1.Fromthepassage,thenewtechnology.

A.largelydependsonsciencefictionB.willeventuallyreplacehumans’presenceC.amazinglyimprovespeople’ssocialskillsD.canunexpectedlybringnewvariouschoices()2.WhydidSchmidtgivetheexampleinParagraph4?A.Tolistadvantagesofthenewcellphone.B.Toadviseawideruseofthenewcellphone.C.Toremovepeople’sworryofthenewtechnology.D.Tocomparethebenefitsofusingthenewtechnology.()3.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsrapidadvancesintechnology?A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Uncaring. D.Doubtful.BForallthetechnologicalwondersofmodernmedicine,fromgene-editingtofetal(胎儿的)surgery,healthcare—withitsfaxmachinesandclipboards(写字板)—isoftenstubbornlyold-fashioned.Thisoutdatederaisslowlydrawingtoacloseas,slowly,theindustrycatchesupwiththeartificialintelligence(AI)revolution.Anditshouldhavehappenedearlier,arguesEricTopol,aheartdoctorkeenondigitalmedicine.DrTopol’svisionofmedicine’sfutureisoptimistic.HethinksAIwillbeparticularlyusefulforrepetitivetaskswhereerrorsariseeasily,suchasselectingimages,examininghearttracesforabnormalsymptomsorrecordingdoctors’wordsintopatientrecords.Inshort,AIissettosavetime,livesandmoney.Muchofthisisimaginary—butAIisalreadydefeatingpeopleinavarietyofnarrowjobsforwhichithasbeentrained.Eventuallyitmaybeabletodiagnoseandtreatawiderrangeofdiseases.Eventhen,DrTopolthinks,humanswouldwatchovertherules,ratherthanbeingreplacedbythem.Theauthor’sfearisthatAIwillbeusedtodeepentheassemblyline(流水线)cultureofmodernmedicine.Ifitawardsa“giftoftime”todoctors,hearguesthatthisadditionalbenefitshouldbeusedtoextendthetimeofconsultations,ratherthansimplyspeedingthroughthemmoreefficiently.TheHippocraticoathholdsthatthereisanarttomedicineaswellasascience,andthat“warmth,sympathyandunderstandingmaybemoreimportantthanthesurgeon’sknifeorthechemist’sdrug”.Thatisnotjustacliché:thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntodobetter.AsDrTopolsays,itishardtoimaginethatarobotcouldreallyreplaceahumandoctor.Yetasdemandforhealthcaregoesbeyondthesupplyofhumancarers,thefuturemayinvolveconsultationsonsmartphonesandmeasurementsmonitoredbychatrobots.Theconsideratelywarmedstethoscope(听诊器),placedgentlyonapatient’sback,maybecomehistory.()4.Accordingtotheauthor,healthcarehasbeengenerallyconsidered.

A.tobringoutmanytechnologicalwondersB.toboostthesalesoffaxmachinesandclipboardsC.tobeoutofdateandfailtokeepupwithmoderntimesD.toconstantlycatchupwithnewtechnologicalprogress()5.AIissettosavetime,livesandmoneybecauseitcan.

A.repeatdoctors’wordsandinstructionsB.correctdoctors’errorsandmistakesC.selectdoctorsaccordingtopatients’demandsD.replacedoctors’tasksincertainfields()6.Theunderlinedword“cliché”isclosestinmeaningto“”.

A.anideasooftenusedthatbecomesuninterestingB.anideasointerestingthatisoftenusedC.aneffectiverulethatappliestomedicineanddoctorsD.abenefittobothdoctorsandpatients()7.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.AIwillcompletelyreplacethejobsofdoctorsB.doctors’sympathyandunderstandingshouldnotbeignoredC.theapplicationofAIwilldiscouragetheassemblylinecultureD.AIwillbringwarmth,sympathyandunderstandingtopatientsCArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtocourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld’sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry’sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,adesirethatBarryandhisstudentsenthusiasticallysupported.RatherthanenrollingBina48inhis“RobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologies”course,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscourse“PhilosophyofLove”instead.LoveisaconceptBina48doesn’tunderstand,saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass,”saidBarry.HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is“fairlysimple—it’safeeling,”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.Bina48endeduplearning“31differentversionsoflove,”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinthefuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48’scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplaceinstructorscompletely.()8.WhatwasBina48’sperformancelikeinclass?A.Far-reaching. B.Insignificant.C.Unattractive. D.Extraordinary.()9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Dealingwith. B.Consultingwith.C.Givingaspeechto. D.Sendingaletterto.()10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.B.Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.C.ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.D.Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.()11.WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A.Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.B.Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.C.Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.D.Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.DWhydowelaughandgetamusementfromsomanydifferentthings,frompuns(双关语)topratfalls?Whyaresomethingsfunnytosomepeopleandnottoothers?Howisthatwhileasuccessfuljokecancausepleasure,asickonecancauseseriousharm?Overthecenturies,variousscholarshaveattemptedtoproduceauniversallyagreed-upontheoryofhumour.PlatoandAristotleintroducedthesuperiority(优越感)theory,theideathatpeoplelaughatthemisfortuneofothers.Theirtheoryseemstoexplainteasing,butitdoesn’tworkwellforknock-knockjokes.SigmundFreudarguedforhisrelieftheory,theconceptthathumourisawayforpeopletoreleasepsychologicaltensionandrevealtheirinnerfearsanddesires.Histheoryworkswellfordirtyjokes,lesswellformostpuns.Themajorityofhumourexpertstodayagreewiththeincongruitytheory,theideathathumourariseswhenthere’sagapbetweenwhatpeopleexpecttohappenandwhatactuallyhappens.Incongruityhasalotgoingforit—jokeswithunexpectedfunnylines,forexample,fitwell.Butscientistshavefoundthatincomedy,unexpectednessisovervalued.Withthegoalofdevelopinganew,moresatisfactoryexplanation,Iproduced“thegentleviolation(违背)theory”,theideathathumourariseswhensomethingseemswrongorthreatening,butisactuallyOKorsafe.Adirtyjoke,forexample,tradesonmoralorsocialviolations,butit’sonlygoingtogetalaughifthepersonlisteningisopenenoughtoconsiderthesubjectOKtotalkabout.Similarly,punscanbeseenaslinguisticviolationsthatstillmakegrammaticalsense.Andwhilemosthumourtheorieshavestruggledtoaccountfortickling(挠痒痒),orjustavoidedthephenomenonaltogether,mytheoryaccountsforeventhiskindoflaughter.Ticklinginvolvesviolatingsomeone’sphysicalspaceinagentleway.Peoplecan’tticklethemselves—becauseitisn’taviolation.()12.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsPlatoandAristotle’stheory?A.Critical. B.Approving. C.Uncaring. D.Unclear.()13.AccordingtoSigmundFreud’stheory,wecaninferthat.

A.peoplewilllaughwhentheyseeotherssufferB.tellingdirtyjokesisareliefofone’snervousfeelingsC.unexpectednesscanexplainhowhumourworksD.ticklingdoesn’tinvolvepsychologicaltension()14.Accordingtotheauthor,whyaresomethingsfunnytosomepeoplebutnottoothers?A.Becausethesenseofhumourvariesgreatlyfrompersontoperson.B.Becausepeoplehavedifferentexpectationsforthesamething.C.Becausesomepeoplelackthesenseofsafetydeepintheirheart.D.Becausepeople’sunderstandingofviolationisdifferent.()15.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Todrawpeople’sattentiontotheresearchofhumour.B.Tocriticizepeople’smisconceptionsabouthumour.C.Toexplainwhatexactlycausespeopletolaugh.D.Toprovethesenseofhumourcanbedeveloped.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Schooldoesn’thavetobeaprison.Whetheryoufindschooldifficult,boring,orjuststressful,youcanlearntomakeschooleasierandbringalotmorefun.Herearesomewaystohelpyou.Tryateamsport.Someschoolsofferteamsportsthatallowyoutomakefriendswithyourfellowstudents.Soccer,trackandfield,basketballandfootball,canallmakeschoolhavealittlemorefun.16.Ifyoudon’twanttoplaysports,considerattendingthegamesandcheeringonyourteamwithyourfriends.

17.Oneofthemoststressfulpartsofschoolcanbemakingsureyouhaveeverythingyou’resupposedtohave.Where’syourEnglishhomework?Where’sthatmathsassignment?Isyourpencilsharp?Thelessyouhavetoworryabouttheselittlethings,themoreyou’llbeabletofocusonandenjoyschool.18.

Takeiteasyonyourteachers.Teachersarelikestudents:somearegreat,somearelessthangreat.Butteachersareinchargeoftheclassroom.Soevenifyou’refeelingfrustratedorboredinclass,youshouldbenicetoyourteachers.19.

Askforhelpifyouarehavingtroubleindoinghomework.20.Makeiteasy.Askforhelpatschoolbyjoininganafter-classstudygroup,ifyourschoolhasone.Askyourteacherifyoucanstay10~15minutesafterschooltoaskafewquestionsaboutyourhomework,ifyou’reembarrassedtoaskduringclass.It’salwaysbettertoask.

A.Stayorganized.B.Manageyourhomeworkbetter.C.Soyoucanchooseoneofthemtotakeup.D.Trytofindkidsyoucantalktoandplaywith.E.Bepreparedforclassandeverythingwillbeeasier.F.Asaresult,theywillpossiblybefriendlybacktoyou.G.Ifyou’restrugglinginschool,don’ttrytotakeitallonbyyourself.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneFridayafternooninmyfirstyearofhighschool,Isawakidfrommyclasswalkinghome.HisnamewasKyle.Heseemedtobecarryingallhisbooks.Thensomekidsranathim,21allhisbooksoutofhisarms.Hisglasseswentflyingandlandedinthegrass.Myheart22tohim,soIjoggedoverandhandedhimhis23.Hethankedmewithabigsmile.

MondaymorningcameandtherewasKylewiththehugestackofbooks24.Iteasedhim,“Boy,youaregonnabuildsomereal25withthispileofbookseveryday!”Hejustlaughedandhandedmehalfthebooks.

Heturnedouttobethebeststudentofourclassandhadtomakea26onthegraduationday.Ashestoodonstage,he27histhroat,andbegan:“Graduationisatimetothankthosewhohelpedyoumakeit28thosetoughyears.Yourparents,yourteachers,yoursiblings…butmostlyyourfriends…Iamheretotellyouthatbeinga(n)29tosomeoneisthebestgiftyoucangivethem.Iamgoingtotellyouastory.”

Ijustlookedatmyfriendwith30ashetalkedaboutthefirstdaywemet.Hehadplannedtokillhimself.Hehadcleanedouthislocker31hismumwouldn’thavetodoitlaterandcarryhisstuffhome.

Helookedhardatmeandgavemealittlesmile.“32,Iwassaved.Myfriendsavedmefromdoingthe33.”

Iheardthegasp(倒抽气)inthecrowdasthishandsome,popularboytoldusabouthis34moment.Isawhismumanddadlookingatmewiththatsamegratefulsmile.NotuntilthendidIrealizethe35ofthesmile.Withonesmallactionyoucanchangeaperson’slife.Godputsusallineachother’slivestoinfluenceoneanotherinsomeway.

()21.A.beating B.striking C.knocking D.putting()22.A.wentout B.felloff C.brokedown D.brightenedup()23.A.glasses B.wallet C.jacket D.gloves()24.A.already B.again C.yet D.once()25.A.character B.wisdom C.friendship D.muscle()26.A.plan B.joke C.scene D.speech()27.A.broke B.cleared C.healed D.emptied()28.A.by B.during C.through D.among()29.A.friend B.admirer C.coach D.hero()30.A.delight B.disbelief C.shame D.worry()31.A.asif B.eventhough C.incase D.sothat()32.A.Eventually B.SuddenlyC.Thankfully D.Easily()33.A.impossible B.impoliteC.unforgivable D.unspeakable()34.A.proudest B.bravest C.weakest D.angriest()35.A.magic B.depth C.power D.value第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MichaelaBerculikestobreakdownbarriers.InNovember,1988,shebecamethefirstmodel36.(wear)jeansonthecoverofVogue,anunusualformalityofthehigh-endfashionmagazine.

It’snow30yearslater,andBercuishopingtomakeanotherchange:breakingdownthebarriersofentrytovolunteering.37.(inspire)bytheword“contribute”,shehasdevelopedTribu,38.connectsneedswiththosewhoare39.(will)tohelp.Shehasspentthepastfouryears40.(develop)theplatformwithherhusband.

Bercufirmlybelievesthatvolunteeringdoes41.(much)forthegiverthantheonewhoreceivesthekindness.Shesaid,“Somuchresearchhasbeendonewithpeopleofallagesthatvolunteeringmakesyoufeelwonderful.Theexperienceofbringingsomeoneasmileontheirfacesgivesyousomuch42.(satisfy).”

TheapphasexpandedacrossIsraelandhasbecomeparticularlypopularwithhighschoolstudentsthere,asthey43.(require)todoacertainnumberofhoursofcommunityservice44.theycangraduate.

Bercuishopingthatthemovementshestartedwillcontinuetoexpand.“Infiveyears,Iwouldlovetheapptobeineveryhouseholdaroundtheworldbecausewecangiveandgetsomuchfrom45..”

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华,现在美国某高中做交流生。你因受伤在家休养。这期间有不少同学曾来看望、鼓励你。现在你已接近康复,请给他们写一封感谢信表达你的谢意,内容包括:1.回忆同学们为你做的事;2.表达你的感谢之情;3.介绍你的康复情况。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。IalwayswonderedhowpeoplewouldreactifItriedtoapproachatotalstrangerforhelpinabusyplacelikeastreetcornerorinabustlingmall.IpersonallyhavealwayshurriedpastastrangerwhotriedtocatchmyattentioninabusyplaceorwhenIwasrushingaround.YesterdayIhadatasteofbeingstuckinsuchadesperatesituationwheremyonlyhopeofhelpwouldhavetocomefromatotalstranger.Iwasinabusyshoppingmallbuyingalargepieceofluggage.Afterthepurchaseinoneofthelarge,fancy,expensiveshops,Ipickedupmyphonefrommypockettocallmydriverwaitingintheparkinglotandmyphonewasdead.Ithenrequestedtheshopassistantwhohadjustsoldmetheluggage,whichwasnotcheapatall,ifshecouldringthenumberofmydriverforme.Shereplied,stillallsmiles,“I’msorrysir,butitistheshoppolicythatwecannotusemobilephoneswhileworkingintheshop.”AsIwaswonderingwhatkindofpolicythatwas,Isawanice-lookingteenageboycomingtowardsme.Rememberingmywife’sinterestingtheorythatbeautifulpeoplearemorelikelytogiveyouahandwhenyou’reintrouble,IthoughtImighthaveachance.ButbeforeIcouldsayaword,hewalkedpastme.Itturnedouthesimplydidn’tseeme.Iwaitedabitlongerinthemallbutitseemednobodybotheredtolookatme.Disappointedandtired,Igotoutoftheshopontothebusystreetinfront.Istoodtherewithpeoplerushingby,lookingattheirfacestoseeiftherewasasignofkindnessontheirfaces.IbeganwonderinghowmanytimesIhadreactedtostrangersliketheshopgirlandtheteenager.Paragraph1:AtthatpointIsawayoungmotherwithhertwokids.

Paragraph2:FinallyamanwearingacheapT-shirtanddirtyjeansseemedtonoticeme.

参考答案第一部分第一节A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科技的快速发展很快将会把科幻变成现实,比如会出现无人驾驶的汽车、由人操纵的智能机器人等。但这不会让人害怕,因为这一切都由你控制。1.D细节理解题。通读全文可知,科技的发展会给人类带来许多新的东西及新的体验。由此可知新科技会带来更多的新的选择。故选D项。2.C推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,一位与会者表示,她害怕这种可能性是非人性的,但施密特回答说,这全在我们自己的控制。由此可见他是用举例来消除人们对新科技的担忧。故选C项。3.A观点态度题。通读全文可知,作者在文中只是客观地阐述了事实,未加个人议论,所以作者是客观的。故选A。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了托波尔博士对医学未来的展望是乐观的。他认为人工智能将特别适用于容易出现错误的重复性任务,比如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象或将医生的话记录到病人的记录中。简而言之,人工智能旨在节省时间、金钱和挽救生命。最终人工智能会被用于诊断和治疗更广泛的疾病。4.C细节理解题。根据第一段“…healthcare—withitsfaxmachinesandclipboards(写字板)—isoftenstubbornlyold-fashioned.”可知,医疗服务——有传真机和写字板——是过时的。故选C。5.D细节理解题。根据“HethinksAIwillbeparticularlyusefulforrepetitivetaskswhereerrorsariseeasily,suchasselectingimages,examininghearttracesforabnormalsymptomsorrecordingdoctors’wordsintopatientrecords.”可知,他认为人工智能可用于操作那些重复的、人工操作易产生误差的工作,诸如筛查图像、检查心脏的异常迹象和抄写病历等。由此可知人工智能在某些领域能够代替医生的工作。故选D。6.A词义猜测题。根据“…‘warmth,sympathyandunderstandingmaybemoreimportantthanthesurgeon’sknifeorthechemist’sdrug’.”(温暖、同情、理解可能比外科手术刀和药剂更重要)及“…thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntodobetter.”(那些有同情心的医生的病患往往恢复得更好)可知“thatisnotjustacliché”的意思是“此言绝非陈词滥调”。故选A。7.B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“…thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntodobetter.”可知,医生的同情和理解不容忽视。故选B。C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了机器人Bina48作为一名学生,在课堂上的表现非常杰出。未来,机器人Bina48有可能成为一名老师来教学生,优化教和学。8.D推理判断题。由第二段“…afeathedescribedas‘remarkable’.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.”可知,机器人Bina48在课堂上的表现非常杰出,故选D。9.C词义猜测题。在第三段“Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry’sclassesforseveralyears.”中捕捉到关键词aguestspeaker,可猜出addressing的意思是“做演讲”,故选C。10.B推理判断题。由倒数第三段“…saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinthefuture.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,故选B。11.A细节理解题。由最后一段“Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplaceinstructorscompletely.”可知,Barry希望机器人Bina48能变得足够复杂去教课,优化教和学的经历,而不只是替代导师,故选A。【点睛】做推理判断题时,对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析,进一步增强理解能力,抓住材料实质性的东西。本篇第三小题,由倒数第三段“…saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingwithartificialintelligenceinthefuture.”可知,在未来,当和人工智能一起工作时,人类可能会面临一些挑战,由此推断出人工智能可能在某些方面要胜过人类,选B。D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了有时一个笑话会让有的人捧腹大笑,而有的人却没有反应,甚至会心生恼怒,为什么人们的反应会有所不同呢?作者认为这是由于人们的文化程度不同,理解程度不同,以及人们内心接受的程度不同。在本文中作者对此现象进行了分析,提出了几种不同的理论。12.A推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theirtheoryseemstoexplainteasing,butitdoesn’tworkwellforknock-knockjokes.”可知,作者对柏拉图和亚里士多德的理论是持批判态度的,故选A项。13.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“SigmundFreudarguedforhisrelieftheory,theconceptthathumourisawayforpeopletoreleasepsychologicaltensionandrevealtheirinnerfearsanddesires.Histheoryworkswellfordirtyjokes,lesswellformostpuns.”可知,根据他的理论,讲下流的笑话能解除人们内心的恐惧和渴望,故选B项。14.D推理判断题。根据第四段中作者举的例子“Adirtyjoke,forexample…Similarly,punscanbeseenaslinguisticviolationsthatstillmakegrammaticalsense.”可以判断出,人们对笑话的不同反应是由人们的思想开放程度和文学素养决定的,也就是由一个人不同的理解和接受程度决定的,故选D项。15.C推理判断题。作者以设问的方式在文章开篇提出了几个问题,提出为什么人们对于笑话会有不同的反应,然后在下文提出了几个相关的理论进行解释,由此判断作者的写作目的就是解释什么会博得人们的笑声,故选C项。第二节【文章大意】本文主要向学生介绍了一些让学校生活变得更容易和更快乐的建议。16.C根据前面所说“Someschoolsofferteamsportsthatallowyoutomakefriendswithyourfellowstudents.Soccer,trackandfield,basketballandfootball,canallmakeschoolhavealittlemorefun.”可知作者建议参加一些团体类的体育运动并列举了几个,所以C项“所以你可以选择参加一个”承接上文。17.A根据后面的“Oneofthemoststressfulpartsofschoolcanbemakingsureyouhaveeverythingyou’resupposedtohave.”可知,作者建议要使学习需要的物品保持井井有条。故选A。18.E根据前面的“Thelessyouhavetoworryabouttheselittlethings,themoreyou’llbeabletofocusonandenjoyschool.”可知,只有做到把学习需要的物品都准备好,才会使一切变得更简单。E项内容承接了上文内容。19.F根据前面的“Soevenifyou’refeelingfrustratedorboredinclass,youshouldbenicetoyourteachers.”可知,只有做到尊敬老师,老师才会更加喜欢你。故选F。20.G根据空格前后的句子“Askforhelpifyouarehavingtroubleindoinghomework…Askforhelp…Askyourteacher…”可知,作者建议遇到问题要学会寻求帮助,所以选G。第二部分第一节【文章大意】本文为记叙文。本文讲述作者在放学回家路上,偶然看到凯尔被一些孩子故意撞倒,所以帮他捡起眼镜,从而和他成为好朋友;毕业典礼上凯尔演讲的时候,作者才知道就是自己当时帮助他的一个小小的举动,挽救了凯尔的生命而且激励着他成为出色的人。作者由此得出启示:不要低估了你的一个不起眼的举动的力量,它有时可以改变一个人的一生。21.C根据上文“Thensomekidsranathim…”可知,一些孩子向他跑过去,把他怀里的书都撞掉了。beat打击,击败;strike袭击;knock敲,撞;put放。故选C。22.A根据下文“…soIjoggedoverandhandedhim…”可知,作者很同情他。one’sheartgoesouttosb同情某人。故选A。23.A根据上文“Hisglasseswentflyingandlandedinthegrass.”可知,作者跑过去,帮凯尔捡起了眼镜。glasses眼镜;wallet钱包;jacket夹克;glove手套。故选A。24.B根据上下文可知,星期一早上凯尔又拿着一大堆书。already已经;again再次;yet但是;once一旦。故选B。25.D作者嘲笑他:“天哪,你每天抱这么一堆书,一定会练出一身肌肉的!”character角色;wisdom智慧;friendship友谊;muscle肌肉。故选D。26.D根据语境可知,凯尔是作者班里最好的学生,毕业典礼上要发表演讲。plan计划;joke玩笑;scene场景;speech演讲。故选D。27.Bclearone’sthroat“清嗓子”。他清了清嗓子。break打破;heal治愈;empty清空。故选B。28.C毕业之际,你要感谢那些帮助你度过艰难岁月的人。by经由;during在……期间;through通过;among在……中间。故选C。29.A成为别人的朋友是你能给他们的最好的礼物。friend朋友;admirer崇拜者;coach教练;hero英雄。故选A。30.B根据下文可知,当凯尔谈起他们第一天相遇的事时,作者简直不敢相信。delight高兴;disbelief不相信;shame羞愧;worry担心。故选B。31.D凯尔清空了储物柜,因此他妈妈就不用帮他把东西搬回家了。asif好像;eventhough尽管;incase以防;sothat因此。故选D。32.C值得庆幸的是,“我”被救了。eventually最终;suddenly突然;thankfully值得庆幸的是;easily容易地。故选C。33.D“我”的朋友救了“我”,使“我”免于做那件难以说出口的事。imposs