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2021年湖南省怀化市中考数学试卷

一、选择题(每小题4分,共40分;每小题的四个选项中只有一项是正确的,请将正确选项的代号填涂在

答题卡的相应位置上)

1.(4分)数轴上表示数5的点和原点的距离是()

A.AB.5C.-5D.-A

55

2.(4分)到2020年底,我国完成了“脱贫攻坚”任务,有约9980万的贫困人口实现了脱贫.将数据9980

万用科学记数法表示是()

A.9.98X103B.9.98X105C.9.98XIO6D.9.98X107

3.(4分)以下说法错误的是()

A.多边形的内角大于任何一个外角

B.任意多边形的外角和是360。

C.正六边形是中心对称图形

D.圆内接四边形的对角互补

4.(4分)对于一元二次方程2?-3x+4=0,则它根的情况为()

A.没有实数根B.两根之和是3

C.两根之积是-2D.有两个不相等的实数根

5.(4分)下列图形中,可能是圆锥侧面展开图的是()

6.(4分)定义。合〃=2〃+工,则方程3&r=4③2的解为()

b

A.x=—B.x=—C.x=—D.x=—

5555

7.(4分)如图,在△A8C中,以A为圆心,任意长为半径画弧,分别交AB、AC于点M、N;再分别以M、

N为圆心,大于工的长为半径画弧,两弧交于点P;连结AP并延长交BC于点D则下列说法正确

2

的是(

AD+BD<ABB.4。一定经过△ABC的重心

ZBAD=ZCADD.AQ一定经过△ABC的外心

‘2x+l》x-1

8.(4分)不等式组《的解集表示在数轴上正确的是(

—T1[l—j)—!->

A.-3-2-10123

B.-3-2-10123

C.-3-2-10123

——i—<!>—।_।।J।»

D.-3-2-10123

9.(4分)“成语”是中华文化的瑰宝,是中华文化的微缩景观.下列成语:①“水中捞月”,②“守株待兔”,

③“百步穿杨”,④“瓮中捉鳖”描述的事件是不可能事件的是()

A.①B.②C.③D.@

10.(4分)如图,菱形A8CD的四个顶点均在坐标轴上,对角线AC、30交于原点O,AEJ_8c于E点,

交于M点,反比例函数>=返(》>0)的图象经过线段OC的中点N,若BD=4,则ME的长为()

二、填空题(每小题4分,共24分;请将答案直接填写在答题卡的相应位置上)

11.(4分)比较大小:返工(填写或“〈"或“=

22

12.(4分)函数丫=立互的自变量x的取值范围是____________.

x-3

13.(4分)如图,在平面直角坐标系中,已知A(-2,1),8(-1,4),C(-1,1),将AABC先向右

平移3个单位长度得到△AIBICI,再绕C1顺时针方向旋转90°得到△A2B2C1,则A2的坐标

是.

14.(4分)为庆祝中国共产党建党一百周年,某单位党支部开展“学史明理,学史增信,学史崇德,学史

力行”读书活动,学习小组抽取了七名党员5天的学史的时间(单位:/?)分别为:4,3,3,5,6,3,

5,这组数据的中位数是,众数是.

15.(4分)如图,在。。中,0A=3,/C=45°,则图中阴影部分的面积是.(结

果保留TC)

16.(4分)观察等式:2+22=23-2,2+22+23=24-2,2+22+23+24=25-2,…,已知按一定规律排列的一

组数:2100,2101,2102,2199,若2i°°=根,用含机的代数式表示这组数的和是.

三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共86分)

17.(8分)计算:(3-兀)-V12+)^+4sin600-(-1),

18.(8分)先化简,再求值:工+.+6.得2_,其中x=&+2.

xX2-4X+4X2+3X

19.(10分)政府将要在某学校大楼前修一座大桥.如图,宋老师测得大楼的高是20米,大楼的底部。处

与将要修的大桥BC位于同一水平线上,宋老师又上到楼顶A处测得8和C的俯角/EAB,ZEAC分别

为67°和22°,宋老师说现在我能算出将要修的大桥BC的长了.同学们:你知道宋老师是怎么算的吗?

请写出计算过程(结果精确到0.1米).

其中sin67°cos67°七/tan67°弋丝,sin22°七3,Cos22°打正,tan220-2

131358165

20.(10分)已知:如图,四边形ABC。为平行四边形,点E、4、C、尸在同一直线上,AE=CF.

求证:(1)△AQE^ZXCBF;

(2)ED//BF.

21.(12分)某校开展了“禁毒”知识的宣传教育活动.为了解这次活动的效果,现随机抽取部分学生进行

知识测试,并将所得数据绘制成不完整的统计图表.

等级频数(人数)频率

优秀600.6

良好a0.25

合格10b

基本合格50.05

合计c1

根据统计图表提供的信息,解答下列问题:

(1)ci~~,b~~,c=;

(2)补全条形统计图;

(3)该学校共有1600名学生,估计测试成绩等级在合格以上(包括合格)的学生约有多少人?

(4)在这次测试中,九年级(3)班的甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学的成绩均为“优秀”,现班主任准备从这

四名同学中随机选取两名同学出一期'‘禁毒”知识的黑板报,请用列表法或画树状图法求甲、乙两名同

学同时被选中的概率.

22.(12分)如图,在半径为5c〃?的中,A8是。。的直径,CD是过。0上一点C的直线,S.ADA.DC

于点。,AC平分NBA。,E是8c的中点,0E=3cm.

(1)求证:CD是。。的切线;

(2)求AD的长.

23.(12分)某超市从厂家购进A、B两种型号的水杯,两次购进水杯的情况如表:

进货批次A型水杯B型水杯总费用

(个)(个)(元)

一1002008000

二20030013000

(1)求A、B两种型号的水杯进价各是多少元?

(2)在销售过程中,A型水杯因为物美价廉而更受消费者喜欢.为了增大8型水杯的销售量,超市决定

对8型水杯进行降价销售,当销售价为44元时,每天可以售出20个,每降价1元,每天将多售出5个,

请问超市应将B型水杯降价多少元时,每天售出B型水杯的利润达到最大?最大利润是多少?

(3)第三次进货用10000元钱购进这两种水杯,如果每销售出一个4型水杯可获利10元,售出一个8

型水杯可获利9元,超市决定每售出一个A型水杯就为当地“新冠疫情防控”捐b元用于购买防控物资.若

A、B两种型号的水杯在全部售出的情况下,捐款后所得的利润始终不变,此时〃为多少?利润为多少?

24.(14分)如图所示,抛物线与x轴交于4、8两点,与y轴交于点C,且0A=2,08=4,0C=8,抛

物线的对称轴与直线BC交于点M,与x轴交于点N.

(1)求抛物线的解析式;

(2)若点尸是对称轴上的一个动点,是否存在以P、C、M为顶点的三角形与△MNB相似?若存在,求

出点P的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由;

(3)。为C。的中点,一个动点G从。点出发,先到达x轴上的点E,再走到抛物线对称轴上的点凡

最后返回到点C.要使动点G走过的路程最短,请找出点E、F的位置,写出坐标,并求出最短路程.

(4)点。是抛物线上位于x轴上方的一点,点R在x轴上,是否存在以点。为直角顶点的等腰RtACQR?

若存在,求出点。的坐标,若不存在,请说明理由.

备用图备用图

2021年怀化市初中学业水平考试试卷

英语

第二部分知识运用(共两节,满分20分)

第一节单项填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案填空。

1.—DidyouseemovieHi,Momyesterday?

—Yes,Idid.Ifsgreat.

A.aB.anC.由e

【答案】C

2.1oftenhelpmyparentswithhouseworkSundays.

A.onB.inC.at

【答案】A

3.Amobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuchthantheonewith4G.

A.fastB.fasterC.fastest

【答案】B

4.—IsthemanMr.Yang?

—Itbehim.HehasgonetoChangshaforameeting.

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can't

【答案】C

5.—MayIuseyourdictionary?

一Sorry,Iitnow.

A.amusingB.useC.used

【答案】A

6.NoonetaughttheoldladyhowtouseWeChat.Shelearneditby.

A.yourselfB.myselfC.herself

【答案】C

7.Thegovernmentaskspeopletherubbishfromtheirdailylifeindifferentgroups.

A.toputB.puttingC.put

【答案】A

8.一Doyouknowthewomanwearsablueskirt?

-Oh,she'smyaunt.

A.whichB.whoC.what

【答案】B

9.InthebigearthquakeofGansu,peopletothesafeplacesbythearmy.

A.takeB.tookC.weretaken

【答案】C

10.—Couldyoutellme?

一Sure,Tdloveto.

A.howcanItakeataxithrough"Didi"B.howIcantakeataxithrough"Didi”

C.whyIcantakeataxithrough“Didi”

【答案】B

第二节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Myfatherisa.Hemakesdeliciousfoodfortheworkersinafactory.Theworkerslovehimverymuch.

Ialsolovehim,12sometimeshecanbe“stupid”.

Oneday,Iwent13withhim.Whenwegothome,hewantedtoknowhowmuchmoneywehadspentin

theshop.Suddenly,hetoldmesomethingwas14.Wegot50yuanmorethanweshould."That'sgreat!You

canbuymethe15book,^^Isaid.Myfathersaidnothingbutaskedmetogobacktotheshoptogether.Ididn't

wanttogobackbecause]6knewit.Itwasstupidtogoback.

“Itwillnotbe17!Beinghonestisveryimportant,myfathershoutedatme18.Ilookedintohis

19andknewhewasright.

Whenwegavebackthemoney,thesalesgirlthankedusalot.Onourwayhome,myfatherstoppedmeand

20,“Doyoustillwantthatcartoonbook?^^Ilookedatmy“stupid”fatherandrepliedloudly,t4Dad,you'rethe

greatest!

11.A.cookB.reporterC.driver

12.A.soB.butC.or

13.A.shoppingB.swimmingC.camping

14.A.trueB.rightC.wrong

15.A.historyB.cartoonC.story

16.A.somebodyB.everybodyC.nobody

17.A.excitingB.stupidC.difficult

18.A.quietlyB.softlyC.angrily

19.A.earsB.legsC.eyes

20.A.askedB.criedC.answered

【答案】11.A12.B13.A14.C15.B16.C17.B18.C19.C20.A

第三部分阅读技能(共两节,满分40分)

第一节阅读选择(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下面的图表或短文、从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Mingmingisastudent,whois1.4meterstall.Thissummer,heandhismotheraregoingtotravelbyhigh-speed

train.Hereissomeinformationtheyhavegot.

TrainDeparture(出发地)ArrivalPrice

HuaihuaChangsha¥152.5

G6148

08:5210:26(halfprice:¥76.5)

HuaihuaGuangzhou¥370

G6151

11:1615:52(halfprice:¥185)

HuaihuaShanghai¥603

G1370

9:1716:36(halfprice:¥301.5)

HuaihuaBeijing¥801.5

G82

10:1217:21(halfprice:¥401)

Attention:

1.Childrenbelow1.2meters:free;

2.Childrenbetween1.2-1.5meters:halfprice.

21.WhichtrainwillMingmingtakeifhewantstogotoShanghai?

A.G6148.B.G1370.C.G82.

22.WhenwillMingmingarriveinGuangzhouifhetakesG6151?

A.At15:52.B.At16:36.C.At17:21.

23.HowmuchwillMingmingandhismotherpayiftheygotoChangsha?

A.¥152.5.B.¥229.C.¥305.

【答案】21.B22.A23.B

B

Longagoinasmallvillage,therewasaplaceknownastheHouseof1,000Mirrors.

Ahappylittledogdecidedtovisitthisplace.Whenhearrived,hejumpedupthestairsoftheHouse.Hisears

wereraisedhighandhistailwaswaggingasfastasitcould.Tohissurprise,hesaw1,000happydogsinthemirrors.

Theywaggedtheirtailsasfastashistail.Hesmiledabigsmile.Hesaw1,000friendlysmiles.Asheleft,hethought

tohimself,“Thisisawonderfulplace.Iwillcomebackagain.”

Inthesamevillage,therewasanotherlittledog.Hewasnothappyallthetime.Healsodecidedtovisitthe

House.Heclimbedthestairsslowly.Hehunghisheadlowwhenhelookedintothemirrors.Hesaw1,000unfriendly

dogsstaringathim.Heshoutedatthem.Hewasscaredtosee1,000littledogsshoutingbackathim.Afterheleft,he

thoughttohimself“Thatisaterribleplace.Iwillnevergobackthereagain.^^

Infact,allthefacesintheworldaremirrors.Whenyousmileatothers,they911smileatyou,too.

24.Whichplacedidthetwodogsvisit?

A.Abigcity.B.Apetshop.C.TheHouseof1,000Mirrors.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wagging"inParagraph2mean?

A.摇摆B.竖立C.下垂

26.Thehappylittledogthoughtthattheplacewas

A.acleanplaceB.aterribleplaceC.awonderfulplace

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Twolittledogswillvisittheplaceagain.

B.Allthefacesintheworldaremirrors.

C.Allthelittledogsinthemirrorssmiled.

【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.B

C

YuanLongping,"thefatherofhybridrice(杂交水稻)”,isoneofthemostimportantagriculturalscientists.He

hadspenthiswholelifeonhybridrice.

FoodwasabigprobleminChinainthepast.ItwasbecauseChinahad22%oftheworld'spopulation,butonly

7%ofitsfarmland.Inthe1960s,Chinahadserioushunger.Millionsofpeoplediedbecausetheyhadnofood.

ProfessorYuanwasverysadtoseethis."HowcanIhelppeoplehaveenoughfbod?^^hethought.Hedecidedtowork

onanewkindofhybridricethathadahighoutput(产量).Heandhisteamstudiedthericeseeds(种子)dayand

night.Atlast,in1973,theygrewanewkindofhybridrice.Thisriceisstrong.Farmerscangrowitinmanydifferent

kindsoffarmlandandalsoinbadweather.Itcanalsofightdiseases.Itsoutputismuchhigherthancommonkindsof

rice.

ProfessorYuanhasalreadyleftus,buthewillberememberedforever.

28.WhathadYuanLongpingspenthiswholelifeon?

A.Population.B.Weather.C.Hybridrice.

29.Whatmademillionsofpeopledieinthe1960s?

A.Nofood.B.Seriousdiseases.C.Noseeds.

30.Whendidtheygrowanewkindofhybridrice?

A.In1960.B.In1973.C.In2020.

31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouthybridrice?

A.Itsoutputismuchhigher.B.Itisnotstrongenough.C.Itcan'tgrowinbadweather.

【答案】28.C29.A30.B31.A

NowAI(人工智能)issmartenoughtocheckloneliness(孤独)inhumans.

AnewstudyshowshowAIcanknowthedegreesoflonelinessfromaperson'swords.80peopleaged66to94

tookpartinthestudybecausetheyoftenfeltlonely.Theywereasked20questions,suchas“Howoftendoyoufeel

lonely?^^and“Howoftendoyougettogetherwithyourfiiends?”

Theinterestingthingisthatitusesdictionary-basedmethods.Forexample,itcanlookforwordstoshowfears.

Italsogivesanswersbytestingtheirwords.Ifpeoplefeltlonelier,theiranswersaboutlonelinesswerelonger.Itcan

knowthedegreesoflonelinessineachtopic.Italsoshowsdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Ifamanfeltlonely,

heusedmorewordstoshowhisfears.Ifawomanfeltlonely,sheexpressedherlonelyfeelingsdirectly.

32.Whydid80oldpeopletakepartinthestudy?

A.Theyhadnomoney.B.Theyoftenfeltlonely.C.Theyhadmoretime.

33.Ifpeoplefeltlonelier,theiranswersaboutlonelinesswere.

A.longerB.shorterC.nicer

34.Whichcolumn(栏目)ofthenewspaperdoesthepassagecomefrom?

A.Travel.B.Science.C.Sports.

35.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.HelpOthersB.ChangetheWorldC.CheckLonelinessbyAI

【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.C

第二节阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。

Ateacheroncetoldherstudentstobringabagandsomepotatoestoschool.Whentheydidn'twanttoforgive

(原谅)aperson,theychoseapotatoandwrotetheperson'snameonit.Thentheyputitinthebag.Someoftheir

bagsbecameheavierandheavier.

Theyweretoldtocarrytheirbagswiththemeverywhereforoneweek.Theywouldputthembesidetheirbedsat

night,ontheseatswhensittingonbuses,andnexttotheirdesksatschool.CaiTyingthebagseverywheremadethe

studentsverytired.Theyfeltheavystonesintheirhearts.Andtheyhadtopayattentiontothemallthetime,sothey

didn'tforgetthem.Thepotatoeswentbadandsmeltterriblesoon.

Forgivenessisagifttootherpeople.However,itisalsoagifttousatthesametime.Ifwekeepoursadnessand

hatred(仇恨)inourhearts,wewillhavetocarrythemaroundallourlives.Soweshouldlearntoforgive.

36.Wheredidthestudentswritetheperson'sname?

37.Howlongweretheytoldtocarrytheirbags?

38.Whatmadethestudentsverytired?

39.Didthepotatoesgobadandsmellterriblesoon?

40.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

【答案】36.Onthepotato.

37.Foraweek.

38.Carryingthebagseverywhere.

39.Yes,theydid.

40.Weshouldlearntoforgive.

第四部分写作技能(共四节,满分40分)

第一节综合填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

LiWenliveswithhisgrandparentsinthecountryside.Heis4114-year-oldboy.He42

(work)hardanddoeswellinschool.Itishardtobelievethatheusedtohavemany43(problem)inschool.

Whenhewasalittleboy,hehardlycausedanytrouble.Butafterhisparentswenttoworkinthecity,theycouldnot

lookafterhim44(careful).SoLiWendislikedstudy45missedclasses.Thenhisparentsdecided

46(send)himtoanewschool.However,hewasashyboyandcouldn'tmakefriendsquickly.Oneday,he

wantedtoleavetheschool.Hisparentswereveryworried47himandcamebacktotalkwithhim.Aftera

longtalk,LiWenrealizedthathisparentsloved48(he)deeply.He49(move)byhisparents.

Now,heismuch50(happy)thanbefore.Ifsveryimportantforparentstobetherefortheirchildren.

【答案】41.a42.works

43.problems

44.carefully

45.and46.tosend

47.about48.him

49.wasmoved

50.happier

第二节补全对话(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

阅读下面的对话,从对话后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

A:Policestation.51

B:Yes,please.Ilostmyschoolbag!

A:Takeiteasy.Tellmesomethingaboutit,please.

B:IleftmyschoolbagonthebusNo.15onmywaytoschool.

A:_52_

B:It'spink.

A:Canyoutellmewhat'sinit?

B:_53_

A:Whereandwhattimedidyougetonthebus?

B:IgotonthebusatXinhuaBusStopatabout7:00.

A:_54_

B:AtNo.3MiddleSchool.

A:Pleasegivemeyourphonenumber.55

B:2713185Thanksalot.

A.Wheredidyougetoffthebus?

B.MyschoolIDcardandbooksareinit.

C.Whatcolordoyoulikebest?

D.CanIhelpyou?

E.You'rewelcome.

F.Whatcolorisyourschoolbag?

G.We'Hcallyouwhenwegetanyinformation.

【答案】51.D52.F53.B54.A55.G

第三节英汉互译(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面的短文,将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。

1.你喜欢阅读吗?Itcanopenmanydoorsandleadyouintoaroadtosuccess.

2.Everyoneshouldhaveagoodreadinghabil.Thisisbecauseitisanimportantwaytogetinformation.

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