2021届佛山市第四中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案

2021届佛山市第四中学高三英语期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASomecollegeshavestartedofferingtheirowngapyearprogramstosupportstudentswhowanttotakeayearoffinameaningfulway.Below,we’lllookatfouroftheseprograms.AmericanUniversityGapProgramWhentoapply:ByJuly15orNovember15Istherefundingavailable?No.InAmericanUniversityGapProgram,studentsspendthreedaysperweekwithagovernmentorbusinessorganizationinthecity.Studentsgoonfieldtrips,listentoguestspeakers,takepartinhands-onlessonsandworkonserviceprojectsasagroup.Studentswhocompletetheprogramcanearnsevencredits.DukeUniversityGapYearProgramWhentoapply:ByearlyMayofeachyearIstherefundingavailable?Yes,$5,000to$15,000.ThoughDukeUniversityhasnocourseofstudyorexperienceforitsgapyearprogram,itencouragesstudentstohaveanindependentplanfortheiryearoff,particularlyonethatpromotespersonalgrowth.Independentexperiencesmayincludecommunityservice,personalizedexperientiallearningopportunitiesandothers.FloridaStateUniversityGapYearWhentoapply:ByFebruary24Istherefundingavailable?Yes,upto$5,000.FloridaStateUniversityoffersgapyearfundingtostudentswishingtoworkorvolunteerbeforestartingcollege.Inordertogetthemomey,studentsmustexplaintheirplansfortheirgapyear.Theexperiencemustlastoveroneyear.StNorbertCollegeBridgeYearExperienceWhentoapply:notspecifiedIstherefundingavailable?Notspecified.StudentstakingpartintheBridgeYearExperiencecantraveltolocationssuchasNewMexico,WisconsinandGuatemaladuringthefallterm,wheretheylearnaboutthelocalcultures,takecoursesandgetserviceopportunities..WhatdoesDukeUniversityadvisestudentstododuringtheirgapyear?A.Focusontheirpersonalgrowth. B.Beindependentoftheirparents.C.ApplybeforetheendofNovember. D.Contactsomeoff-campusorganization..HowcanstudentsgetgapyearfundingfromFloridaStateUniversity?A.Byhavingextracredits. B.Byorganizingseveralprojects.C.Byshowingtheirgapplans. D.Bydoingvolunteerwork.3.Ifyouareinterestedintravelling,youcanchoose .A.FloridaStateUniversityGapYearB.AmericanUniversityGapProgramC.DukeUniversityGapYearProgramD.St.NorbertCollegeBridgeYearExperienceBHumansaretheonlycreaturethatgetsaroundbystandingupandputtingonefootinfrontoftheother.Ourabilitytowalkuprighthasallowedhumankindtotravelgreatdistancesandsurvivechangingclimates,environmentsandlandscapes.Countlessscientificstudieshavefoundthatwalkingisreallygoodforusandthissimpleactcanprovideanumberofhealthimplications,whichhelppeoplelivelonger.Infact,awalkingroutine,ifdoneproperly,mightbetheonlyexercisepeopleneed.Howmuchwalkingshouldoneaimfor?You’velikelyheardweneed10,000stepsaday.That’sabout5miles.Butcontrarytopopularbelief,thisrecommendationdoesn’tcomefromscience.Instead,itisfroma1960sadvertisingcampaigntopromoteapedometer（计步器）inJapan.Perhapsbecauseit’saroundnumberandeasytoremember,itstuck.Sincethe1960s,researchershavestudiedthe10,000-steps-a-daystandardandhaveturnedupmixedresults.Although10,000stepsiscertainlyahealthyandworthwhilegoal,it’snotfitforall.Forinstance,arecentHarvardUniversitystudyinvolvingmorethan16,000seniorwomenfoundthatthosewhogotatleast4,400stepsadaygreatlyreducedtheirriskofdyingearlywhencomparedwithlessactivewomen.Thestudyalsonotedthatthesebenefitscontinuedupto7,500steps.This7,500markisn’tsurprising:It’ssimilartocommonpublichealthrecommendations,suchastheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention’srecommendationof150minutesofmoderate（适度的）physicalactivityaweekforadults.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“implications”inParagraph2referto?A.Benefits B.Problems.C.Habits. D.Manners.Wheredoesthe10,000-steps-a-daystandardcomefrom?AHarvardUniversitystudy.Scienceresearchonhealth.Apedometeradvertisement.Publichealthrecommendation.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?7,500-steps-a-daystandardisthebestchoiceforall.Morethan16,000oldpeoplewereinvolvedinthestudy.Thosewhowalkatleast4,400stepsadaywon’tdieearly.150-minutemoderateexerciseaweekforadultsisadvised.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellreaders?Themoreyouwalkaday,thehealthieryouwillbe.Wecanbenefitfromcontinuousandproperwalking.Walkinguprighthelpshumankindtoexploretheworld.Advertisementscanalwaystellussomescientificsuggestions.CMyschoolappearedonthenewslastweekbecausewehadmadeanimportantchangeinourlocalarea.Ourclasshadplantedalargegardeninwhatwasonceonlyavacantlot.Itwasalotofworkbutitwasallworthit.Igotblisters（水泡）fromdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration（合作），andthenIlearnedaboutthemedia.OurteachertelephonedtheTVstationandinformedthemofwhatwehadaccomplished.Shespokewiththeproducer.Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours.Theywantedtoknowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantthem.Theteacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie（大草原）,wehadmadeaprairiegarden.Wehadgonetoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.Wedidnotwaterthegarden,butwedidweedit.Wedecidedtoletnaturewateritwithrain,sincethatwashowprairiesgrewinthepast.Wesentapictureofthegardentothenewsstation.Inthepicture,thegrasswassohighthatitstoodtallerthanthefourthgradestudents.Asaresult,theproducersentareportertoourschool.Heinterviewedtheheadmasterandaskedhimmanyquestionsaboutthegarden.Afterthat,theyinterviewedus,andweexplainedtothemwhatwehadlearnedthroughthisproject.Thatnight,wewatchedthenews,andtherewewere.Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus.Wewerefamous.Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.Weknewthatwhenwesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.WhatseemedtobetheTVdirectors’initialreactiontothegarden?A.Theywereexcited. B.Theyweresurprised.C.Theywereworried. D.Theywereuninterested.Whatisspecialaboutthegarden?Weedswereallowedtospreadnaturally.Thegrassgrewfasterthancommongrass.Theseedscamefromtheplantsofaprairie.Undergroundwaterwasusedfortheplants.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertointhelastparagraph?A.Wegotblistersonourhands. B.Ourhardworkwasworthwhile.C.Thegardenwouldbefamous. D.Theprojectwouldbefinished.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheproject?A.Annoyed. B.Curious.C.Proud. D.Regretful.DMyfirstweekworkinginarestaurant,oneoftheserverssaidsomethingthatstuckwithme:Everyoneshouldworkinarestaurantforatleastayear.Atthetime,Ididn'tgetit,butItooktheadvicetoheartandworkedinrestaurantsonandoffforthenexteightyears.Beforerealizingit,Imasteredmanyimportantskills,oneofwhichiscommunicationskill.WhenIwaslittle,IwassoshythatIusedtohidebehindmymomwheneversomeonespoketome.AndwhenIfirststartedinrestaurants,Ihadtwopersonalities:RestaurantLizzyandHomeLizzy.Itwaseasiertopretendtobeadifferentpersonwhileatwork,sinceitwassodifferentfromwhoIactuallywas.Butgradually,theskillsIlearnedworkinginrestaurantshelpedHomeLizzycomeoutofhershellintherealworld.Whenyouworkinarestaurant,youdon'thavetheluxuryofhidingbehindyourparentstoavoidtalkingtopeople.I'mstill110%anintrovert,butrestaurantworkhelpedmecommunicate.Workinginarestaurantnotonlyhelpedmespeakclearly,deliberatelyanddirectlybutalsotaughtmehowtotalkaboutalmosteverything.Someguestsdon'twanttheirserverstointeracttoomuchwiththem,andthat'sfine.Butsomesitatthebarsimplytochatwithyou.Youlearnhowtojudgeyourguests'levelofinterestincommunicatingwithyou,andhowtoexitaconversationattheappropriatetime.MyrestaurantworkissomethingthatI'mmostproudofandIknowIwouldn'tbethepersonIamtodaywithoutthoseeightyearsofexperience.Ifyou'restillonthefenceaboutworkinginarestaurantforthatlong,startwithoneyear.Idoubtthatyou'lllookback.Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheserver'swords?A.Impressive. B.Ridiculous. C.Amusing. D.Logical.WhatdoweinferfromParagraph2?A.Thewritertrieddifferentjobs. B.Thewriterbecamemoresociable.C.Thewriterusedaninventedname. D.Thewriterhadahardtimeatwork.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter'srestaurantwork?A.Boring. B.Relaxing. C.Worthwhile. D.Unchallenging.Whatmessagedoesthewritertrytoconveyinthispassage?Astrong-willedsoulcanreachhisgoal.Thingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.Communicationskillsadvanceyourcareer.Restaurantworkhelpstoachieveabetterself.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Itisfreezingoutsideandrunningincoldweathermightnotfeelquiteasnaturalaswhenit'swarmandsunny.Peopletendtoturntothetreadmill（跑步机）indoorsfortheirrunning.___16___Helpyouburnmorefat.How?Coldtemperaturesmaychangeunwantedtatintoadifferentkindoffatthatactuallybumscalories.Thefatinyourbodyisn’tequal.There'swhitefatandbrownfatinourbody. 17 Brownfatismetabolictissuethatburnscalories.Exercisingincoldtemperaturesturnsourwhitefattobrownfat.Preventwinterweightgain.Gettingyourselftothegymisachallengeduringthe'wintermonths,andatreadmillathomecangetboring,whichiswhyweloverunningincoldweather. 18 Wetendtomovelessandeatmoreinthecoldermonths.Runningbumssignificantcaloriesandisthereforeapowerfultoolinmaintainingandevenlosingduringwinter. 19 Ourbodiesareprogrammedtopreserveourfatstoresinthewinter,slowingdownourmetabolismsinresponsetoourdecreasedexerciselevels.Runninginthecoldservesto'trick'thebody,preventingthisseasonalslowdownofmetabolism（新陈代谢）andhelpingtomaintainahealthyweight.Stopyoufromfeelingquitesodepressed.Whenthedaysgetshorterandthetemperaturedrops,manypeoplesufferfromseasonaldepression.Runninghelpsreleasepowerfulhormones（荷尔蒙）thathelpincreasepositivemoodstatesduringthecoldweathermonths. 20 Onestudyfoundthatpeoplewhoexercisedoutdoorsreportedincreasedenergyanddecreasedfeelingsofdepression.Helpyouslowdownmetabolism.Whitefatistheunwantedbodyfat.It'sfree,convenientandneverdull.Keepyourmetabolismgoingstrong.Takingyourrunoutdoorshelpsboostyourmoodevenmore.Therearesometipsforyouifyouloverunningincoldweather.Howevertherearesomereasonswhyyoushouldkeeprunningincoldweather.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项AsmembersofGirlScoutgroups,6-year-oldPiperand9-year-oldJuliaofVirginiaBeach,Virginia,haveseenforthemselveshowtastycookies___21___people’sdays.That’swhythesisters___22___tosendalittlesweetnesstothe___23___workerswhoareworking___24___tofightagainstCOVID-19.MomKaceyFarrellhelpsleadtwogroups.Her___25___alreadyhadhundredsofboxesofcookieswaitingtobe___26___,buttheywereencouragedtostay___27___andpracticesocialdistancing.Kaceycameupwithaperfect___28___whilevisitingGirlScoutgroupsonline.Withthehelpoftheir14-year-oldsisterSylvie,JuliaandPipertooktheircookiebooth（货摊）totheInternetandturneditintoagreater___29___!Kaceysharedtheadheroldestchild 30 anddirectedonFacebook.Init,weseeJuliaandPipersittinginfrontoftheircookieboxesastheyexplaintheir 31 .Eachtimea$4boxissold,itwillbedonated（捐赠）tomedicalworkers!“Witheverything 32 rightnow,itseemslikeourdoctorsand 33 aregoingtobehitsohard,”Kaceysaid.“GirlScoutcookiesareasmallwaytosay 34 ,butitfeltlikeaneasychancetoletourfrontlinemedicalworkersknowhow 35 weare.”They’vesincereceiveddonationsfromalloverand 36 nearly$1,000!“ThankyouforhelpingmekeepourGirlScouttroopsandthepublic 37 ,”Kaceywrotelater.“Thankyouforhelpingdonatehundredsofboxestoourlocalmedicalteams.Lifeis 38 eveninthishorror（恐惧）.”Greatjob,girls!Theonlything 39 thanyourcookiesisyour 40 forothers.21.A.brightenB.spendC.wasteD.surprise22.A.refusedB.beggedC.agreedD.decided23.A.industrialB.medicalC.chemicalD.technical24.A.sadlyB.happilyC.tirelesslyD.fruitlessly25.A.classmatesB.doctorsC.daughtersD.sons26.A.madeB.soldC.collectedD.eaten27.A.insideB.outsideC.awayD.close28.A.chanceB.solutionC.jobD.skill29.A.causeB.marketC.companyD.advertisement30.A.praisedB.dismissedC.deliveredD.shot31.A.productB.planC.moneyD.meaning32.A.runningoutB.pickingupC.turningoutD.goingon33.A.nursesB.sistersC.girlsD.children34.A.goodbyeB.thankyouC.helloD.yes35.A.difficultB.braveC.supportiveD.interested36.A.borrowedB.investedC.improvedD.raised37.A.warmB.energeticC.safeD.comfortable38.A.beautifulB.hardC.limitedD.valuable39.A.cheaperB.easierC.sweeterD.bigger40.A.hopeB.concernC.patienceD.promise第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式PeruisacountryonthecentralwesterncoastofSouthAmericafacingthePacificOcean.Threepartsmake___41.___thecountry:narrow,dry,flatland 42. (run)alongthecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonRainforset.SpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.ItisbecausePeru 43. (rule)bySpanishfromthe16thcenturyto1821.Butbeforethat,PeruwasthecenteroftheancientIncaEmpire,anditsemperorlivedinwhatisnowknownasthesiteMachuPicchu.Peruisan 44. (amaze)destinationwithsomethingfortourists.Here 45. (be)twomagicaltours:AmazonRainforestandMachuPicchuTour.InAmazonRainforetTour,youcanfirsttake 46. shortflightintotheAmazonrainforestandthenwilltravelforadaytoyour 47. (accommodate)byboat.Inthefollowingthreedays,youcanexploretheuniquerainforestwithalocalguide,Intheothertour,youcan