课堂内外：走向人文化地英语教学

课堂内外：

走向人文化的英语教学上海外国语大学王欣2016.7.27英语教学为何要人文化？人文化的英语教学有什么内涵？英语教学如何走向人文化？

课堂内？

课堂外？英语教学为何要人文化？人文化的英语教学有什么内涵？英语教学如何走向人文化？

课堂内？

课堂外？英语教学为何要人文化？

时代语境的要求学科属性的回归人才培养的需要深厚学养、国际视野、人文情怀语言的交际能力、审美能力文化的沟通能力有社会责任感的公民终身学习的能力与兴趣什么是人文化的英语教学？从技能化转向人文化语言学习与人文主义语言教学的人文化语言学习与人文主义

OscarBrowning(1837-1923)：人文主义现实主义自然主义《大英百科全书》对人文教育的定义：“人文学科的教育是非行业性、非职业性的，它关注的是促使个人成熟为人或公民(自由人)，而不是使之成为某一特殊领域的工作者。”语言教学的人文化一方面是将语言作为文化的载体，通过语言来学习文化，同时在文化学习中提升语言；另一方面是培养学生的人文情怀，在教学中加强人文精神濡染，提升学生的人文素养。人文知识的积累联想思维的训练人文素养的提升人文情怀的培养可见的“人文化”

：人文知识

扩大的知识结构丰富的知识储备语言文学政治历史社会生活哲学科学......不可见的“人文化”：

思维、素养与情怀

开阔的眼界视野提高的思维能力提升的人文素养……英语教学如何走向人文化？

课堂内：教学活动的组织安排

教学理念，教学方法，教材选择课堂外：教师的自我发展与成长

立德树人，人格魅力

教学相长，学术魅力

课堂内：

教学活动的组织安排教学理念教学方法教材选择教学理念：英语教学从技能化到人文化丰富知识结构训练联想思维培养人文情怀塑造健全人格教学方法：启发、对话、联想苏格拉底式的教育方式问题与讨论相结合联想与思辨相结合教学方法：启发、对话、联想苏格拉底式的教育方式问题与讨论相结合联想与思辨相结合以对话、启发的方式进行联想思维训练，由此提升学生的思考、思辨能力，由此拓展学生的知识面，由此激发学生的好奇心与求知欲，由此培养学生的终生学习能力。以对话、启发的方式进行联想思维训练，由此提升学生的思考、思辨能力，由此拓展学生的知识面，由此激发学生的好奇心与求知欲，由此培养学生的终生学习能力。阅读思考眼界情怀成长……

教学材料的选择:

举一反三，引发联想英语口语课程的人文化教学：自主选择教学材料自主选择教材语言的难易程度语言的文学审美语篇的思想内涵“Conversation”SamuelJohnson(1709-1784)Poet,critic&lexicographeraremarkablywitty

conversationalist

andentertainingcompanionFewspendtheirtimewithmuchsatisfactionundertheeyeofuncontestablesuperiority;andtherefore,amongthosewhosepresenceiscourtedatassembliesofjollity,thereareseldomfoundmeneminentlydistinguishedforpowersoracquisitions.Thewitwhosevivacitycondemnsslowertonguestosilence,thescholarwhoseknowledgeallowsnomantofancythatheinstructshim,thecriticwhosuffersnofallacytopassundetected,andthereasonerwhocondemnstheidletothoughtandthenegligenttoattention,aregenerallypraisedandfeared,reverencedandavoided.OfDiscourse,byFrancisBaconDiscretionofspeechismorethaneloquence;andtospeakagreeablytohim,withwhomwedeal,ismorethantospeakingoodwords,oringoodorder.子曰：君子食无求饱，居无求安。敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉,可谓好学也已。

---《论语·学而》TheMastersays,“Agentlemannevereatstodullness,ordemandscomfortinshelter.Heisassiduousinwork,butcautiousinwords.Heisalwaysreadytolearnfromrighteouspeoplesoastoamendhisways.Suchamanisgenuinelydiligent.”CP(CooperativePrinciple)PP(PolitenessPrinciple)

InhisTheAutobiography,BenjaminFranklinmentionedthirteennamesofvirtueshepracticedtoimproveandperfecthimself,whichcanbeseenhowheamended

hisways.Hesays,“TheseNamesofVirtueswiththeirPreceptswere:Silence

Speaknotbutwhatmaybenefitothersoryourself.AvoidingtriflingConversation.英语精读课程的人文化教学：既定教材基础上的补充与拓展新目标大学英语系列教材《综合教程1》LeftBehind,PamelaPerryBlaine“TheinsidesoftheturkeyfryerthatwasleftbehindremindedmeofthedeliciousThanksgivingmealthatweallenjoyed.”TheFoundingofJamestownTheMayflowerTheFirstThanksgivingIn1620,agroupof102peoplesailedfromEnglandtoAmericainashipcalledMayflower.Theywantedabetterlifeandfreedomtoworshipastheychose.Theywerepuritans,alsoknownasPilgrims.TheylandedinwhatisnowMassachusettsandcalledtheirnewsettlementPlymouth.Lifeinthenewworldwasnoteasy.WiththehelpofNativeAmericans,theylearnedhowtoplantcrops.Thenextyear,52Pilgrimsand90NativeAmericanfriendscelebratedtheirsurvivalwithathree-dayharvestfeast—withseafood,turkey,deer,vegetables,andfruits.ThisbecameknownastheFirstThanksgiving.RememberthosejuicyredberriesthataremadeintosauceforThanksgivingdinner?Well,theymighthavecomefromMassachusetts.Itisnumberoneingrowingcranberries.WesternfestivalsChinesefestivalsCross-culturalawarenessDictation:

ameansoffostering

associativethinkingAnIntegratedEnglishCourseDictationmaterialsarechosenfor…introductionto

basicknowledgerecommendationoffurtherreadingInitiationoffurtherdiscussion…

introductionto

basicknowledgeAFreshStart(Unit1,Book3)byEvelynHeraldThisarticleistheauthor’sautobiographicalessay.Basicknowledge:distinctionbetweenbiography,autobiography,memoirandjournal

Lateinthe17thcentury,JohnDrydendefinedbiographyneatlyas“thehistoryofparticularmen’slives”.Thenamenowconnotesarelativelyfullaccountofaparticularperson’slife,involvingtheattempttosetforthcharacter,temperament,andmilieu,aswellasthesubject’sactivitiesandexperiences.Autobiographyisabiographywrittenbythesubjectabouthimselforherself.Itistobedistinguishedfromthe

memoir,inwhichtheemphasisisnotontheauthor’sdevelopingselfbutonthepeopleandeventsthattheauthorhasknownorwitnessed,andalsofromtheprivate

diary

or

journal,whichisaday-to-dayrecordoftheeventsinone’slife,writtenforpersonaluseandsatisfaction,withlittleornothoughtofpublication.AGlossaryofLiteraryTerms--M.H.Abrams,p.44recommendation

offurtherreadingNeverGiveIn,Never,Never,Never(Unit1,Book4)byWinstonChurchillThisarticleisaspeechmadebyChurchillinhisvisitofHarrowSchoolin1941.Furtherreading:WinstonChurchill,orator,NobelPrizeWinnerPriortothespeech,G.Liljestrand,MemberoftheRoyalAcademyofSciences,madethefollowingremarks:…WewouldliketoaskLadyChurchilltoconveytoherhusbandourrespectfulandsincereadmirationandreverenceforwhathehasgivenusinhiswritingsandhisspeeches.

Inthepast,severalprimeministersandministersofforeignaffairsandeventwoPresidentsoftheUnitedStateshavebeenawardedtheNobelPeacePrize.Now,forthefirsttime,agreatstatesmanhasreceivedthePrizeinLiterature.ButSirWinstonChurchillisarecognizedmasteroftheEnglishlanguage,thatwonderfulandflexibleinstrumentofhumanthought.Hismonumentalbiographiesarealreadyclassics,andhisworksoncontemporaryhistoryareanoutflowofdeepandintimatefirst-handknowledge,oflucidityofstyleaswellasofhumourandgenerosity.ButtoSirWinstontheEnglishlanguagehasalsoprovidedanimportanttool,withtheaidofwhichpartofhisjobhasbeenfinished.…

Furtherreading:WinstonChurchillSpeech

uponhisawardofHonoraryCitizenshipBertrandRussell’sNobelPrizeacceptancespeech:WhatDesiresArePoliticallyImportant?supplement

ofbackgroundinformationACaseof“SevereBias”(Unit12,Book4)byPatriciaRaybon

“OnCivilDisobedience”,HenryDavidThoreauIheartilyacceptthemotto,“Thatgovernmentisbestwhichgovernsleast”;andIshouldliketoseeitacteduptomorerapidlyandsystematically.Carriedout,itfinallyamountstothis,whichalsoIbelieve—“Thatgovernmentisbestwhichgovernsnotatall”;andwhenmenarepreparedforit,thatwillbethekindofgovernmentwhichtheywillhave.SevereBias:racialdiscriminationHenryDavidThoreau,“OnCivilDisobedience”(1849)MahatmaGandhi,Non-violenceResistanceMartinLutherKing,“IHaveaDream”补充与拓展：

人文化英语教学中的诗歌教学诗歌辅助教学审美感受力联想思维力独立思考力人文情怀审美感受力：语言的审美（文学）翻译能力联想思维力：拓展人文知识

提升历史文化意识

激发对中国文学、文化的热爱SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

HadhalfimpairedthenamelessgraceWhichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…玉曰：“天下之佳人，莫若楚国；楚国之丽者，莫若臣里；臣里之美者，莫若臣东家之子。东家之子，增之一分则太长，减之一分则太短；著粉则太白，施朱则太赤。眉如翠羽，肌如白雪，腰如束素，齿如含贝……”

---宋玉，《登徒子好色赋》

SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

HadhalfimpairedthenamelessgraceWhichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

Hadhalfimpairedthenamelessgrace

Whichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…子曰：君子食无求饱，居无求安。敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉,可谓好学也已。

---《论语·学而》TheMastersays,“Agentlemannevereatstodullness,ordemandscomfortinshelter.Heisassiduousinwork,butcautiousinwords.Heisalwaysreadytolearnfromrighteouspeoplesoastoamendhisways.Suchamanisgenuinelydiligent.”当第一抹阳光洒向大地的时候，这对情人手拉手，在乡村道路上散步。(Unit3,Book3)当第一抹阳光洒向大地的时候，这对情人手拉手，在乡村道路上散步。(Unit3,Book3)Thecouplestrolledhand-in-handalongthecountryroadwhen

thesuninitsfirstsplendor

steepedtheearth.WilliamWordsworth

（1770-1850）:ComposedUponWestminsterBridge,September3,1802;…NeverdidsunmorebeautifullysteepInhisfirstsplendor,valley,rock,orhill;

Ne’ersawI,neverfelt,acalmsodeep!…《全新版大学英语综合教程》主编：李荫华王德明Unit6Romance

TextAAValentineStory

Love’sPhilosophy,byPercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)Whatislove?Lovemeanscommitment.

Lovemeansexcitingheartbeat.Loveshouldbeonlyforlove'ssake.Lovemeansabandoningthewholeworld.Lovemeanssex.Lovemaybreakheart.Lovemaybesubjecttobetrayal.Lovemaybeinvain....Lovemeanscommitment.ARedRedRose,RobertBurns(1759-1796)...Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI;AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Tilla'theseasgangdry.Tilla'theseasgangdry,mydear,Andtherocksmeltwi'thesun:AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Whilethesandso'lifeshallrun....Lovemeansexcitingheartbeat.MeetingatNight,RobertBrowning(1812-1889)...Thenamileofwarmsea-scentedbeach;Threefieldstocrosstillafarmappears;Atapatthepane,thequicksharpscratchAndthebluespurtofalightedmatch,Andavoicelessloud,thro'itsjoysandfears,Thanthetwoheartsbeatingeachtoeach!ROMEO…Loveisasmokeraisedwiththefumeofsighs;Beingpurged,afiresparklinginlovers'eyes;Beingvex'd,aseanourish'dwithlovingtears:Whatisitelse?amadnessmostdiscreet,Achokinggallandapreservingsweet.(RomeoandJuliet,ActISceneI)"Deathisagreatpricetopayforaredrose,"criedtheNightingale,"Andlifeisverydeartoall.Itispleasanttositinthegreenwood,andtowatchtheSuninhischariotofgold,andtheMooninherchariotofpearl.Sweetisthescentofthehawthorn,andsweetarethebluebellsthathideinthevalley,an