句子结构-英语的五种基本句型

---英语的五种基本句型2021/5/91为什么要学习英语的句子结构？

—学好句子结构是学好英语的前提帮助我们学好其他英语语法知识。帮助我们写出正确的英语句子，形成并提高英语书面表达的能力。帮助我们正确使用英语单词，提高单词拼写及选词填空等用词能力。有助于我们提高阅读能力和其他英语应用能力。2021/5/92英语的五种基本句型1、主语———系动词———表语2、主语———谓语3、主语———谓语———宾语4、主语———谓语———宾语———宾语5、主语———谓语———宾语———补语■定语和状语是句子中的修饰成份，不列

入基本句型中2021/5/931、主语———系动词———表语

egMr.Brown

is

anEnglishteacher.︳︳︳

主语系动词表语︳1).be动词

解释说明主语的性2).感官动词：质或特征等

look,sound,feel,taste,smell等3).表”变化”的词：become,get,turn等，还有seem,keep,stay等。2021/5/941).Hisparents

are

inthekitchennow.2).You

looked

happyyesterday.3).Thissong

doesn’tsound

beautiful.4).Didyourfather

get

angry?主语系动词表语主语系动词表语表语主语系动词主语系动词表语2021/5/95找出下列句子中的表语：Theoldman

was

feelingverytired.

A

B

C

D②Whyishe

worried?

A

B

③

Theleaves

have

turned

yellow.

A

B

C

D④

Theyallbecame

interested

inthesubject.

A

B

C

D

⑤Shewas

thefirst

tolearn

aboutit.

A BCD2021/5/962、主语—谓语egYourfather

isstandingthere.

主语谓语1）Histeacher

cameinwithabookinhishand.

Thebus

startedandarrivedthereateighto’clock.2021/5/97Flowerscomeoutinspring.Theplanehasalreadyleft.5)Isthebabydogsleeping?2021/5/983、主语———谓语———宾语egI

know

thesepeople.

主语谓语宾语

①

Mybrother

didn’tdo

hishomework.

主语谓语宾语

②

Peopleallovertheworld

speak

English.

主语谓语宾语

③Howmanynewwords

did

you

learnlastclass?宾语主语谓语

.

2021/5/99④They

don'tknow

who"FatherChristmas"is.

⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwant

togoswimming.

⑥Theoldman

said

hewasill.

⑦You

willfind

it

whenyougethome.

2021/5/9104、主语———谓语———宾语———宾语egShe

gave

me

hertelephonenumber.

主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语

或：

She

gave

hertelephonenumber

to

me.

主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语◆间接宾语放后面时要在其前加”to”或“for”。

2021/5/911◆可以跟“to+间接宾语”的动词有：

give,show,pass,lend,take,tell等。1）I

showed

him

thephotoyesterday.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语

I

showed

thephoto

to

himyesterday.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语2)Hepassedusthepapers.=

Hepassedthepaperstous.2021/5/912◆可以跟“for+间接宾语”的动词有：

buy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。

Myparents

bought

me

anewbag.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语=Myparents

bought

anewbag

for

me.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语2）She

cooked

us

abigmeal.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语=

Shecookedabigmealforus.2021/5/9131)She

has

taught

us

English

for

3

years.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语2)His

uncle

left

some

moneytohim.主语谓语直接宾语间接宾语3)The

father

is

showing

the

boy

how

to

plant

trees.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语Would

you

please

tell

me

your

address?主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语5)I’llmakesomecardsforthem.2021/5/9145、主语—谓语—宾语—宾语补足语egThey

called

theirdaughter

Alice.主语谓语宾语宾补

He

found

hisnewjob

boring主语谓语宾语宾补

I

saw

her

chattingwithNancy.主语谓语宾语宾补Iwantyoutohelpmewiththehousework.

2021/5/915

在此句型中有时可以有“it”作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到最后。此时作宾语的常是动词不定式“todo”,动词的“ing”形式或宾语从句，如：Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswithher.

形式宾语真正宾语Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.3)Didn'tImakeitcleartoyouthatIwasnotcoming?2021/5/916She

likes

thechildren

toreadnewspapers主语谓语宾语宾补

andbooksinthereading-room.②

He

asked

her

totaketheboy

outofschool.

主语谓语宾语宾补③

She

found

it

difficult

todothework.

主语谓语宾