定语从句【核心素养提升+备课精讲精研】高考英语复习

定语从句AttributiveClausewhoisshe?Blossomisalikessingingteacher.a

Blossomisateacher.Blossomisafemaleteacher.Blossomisayoungteacher.Attribute

定语likessinging.teacherBlossomisaawho用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。汉语翻译中中常用，“......的”表示。Definition定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，其作用相当于形容词。先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。BlossomisanEnglishteacher

who

likessingingsongs.定语从句先行词关系词关系词的作用？关系代词：who，whom，whose，that，which，as关系副词：when，where，why☆关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）替代（替代前面的先行词）成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）Findouttheantecedent(先行词),relativepronoun(关系代词）andbracket(括出)

theattributiveclause（定语从句）1.Sheisagirlwhoisalwayshelpingothers.2.Theman

whom

yousawjustnowisourmanager.3.Don'tcutdownthetreewhichgivesyoushade(阴凉).4.

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.

Sheisagirl(who

isalwayshelpingothers.)Theman(whomyousawjustnow)isourmanager.Don'tcutdownthetree

(which

givesyoushade.)Thisisthebook

(whosecoverisblue.)Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Theboy(who)wesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.Thatistheteacher(who)welikeverymuch.1.who指_____，在定语从句中作_____或_____,做_____时可省略。2.whom指人

，在定语从句中作_______，可省略Theman(whom)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.Heisaman(whom)wearereadytolearnfrom.Thewoman

(whom)

theywantedtovisitisateacher.介词提前时则不能省Heisamanfromwhomwearereadytolearn.ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.3.which指____，在定语从句中做____或____，做____时常可省略。Footballisagamewhich

ispopularwithmanyboys.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.

Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.

Thefilm(which)

theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.4.That

既指___又指___，在定语从句中做____或____，做____时常可省略。Footballisagamethatispopularwithmanyboys.Theboy(that)wesawyesterdaywasJohn’sbrother.

Thewoman(that)Ireadaboutinthenewspaperhasjustwonagold

medal.

Thereport(that)Mr.Turnerhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.5.Whose的用法表示先行词的某物时（即先行词与从句中的词构成从属关系时）,用whose引导,在定语从句中做定语。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Theclassroomwhose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhose

coverisyellow?关系代词可指代从句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人主语、宾语人宾语物主语、宾语人、物主语、宾语人、物定语

Itisamusicalprogram___________canhelpordinarymusicloversachievetheirdreamsinZhejiangTV.which/thatItisaverypopularnovel___________J.K.Rowlingcreated.(which/that)HeisafamousChinesewriter__________wontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.who/thatHeisafamousrunner

_______________

Chinesepeoplelove.(whom/that/who)Itisacellphonesoftware(软件)_______function(功能)istochatwithothersandsendmessages,picturesandvideos.whose如何正确选择关系词Step1Step2Step3找到先行词先行词代指人还是物从句中缺少什么成分选定恰当的关系词一看空前人物二看空后是否缺主宾①Thisisthefilm(which/that)Isawsevenyearsago.②ThisisaclassicalfilmwhosenameisTitanic.③Titanicistheshipwhich/thatwasthemostbeautifulinthewordatthattime.④Titanicistheshipwhich/thatsankafterhittinganiceberg.⑤Themanandthewoman(whom/that)

youseeinthevideoareJackandRose.⑥JackandRosearetheheroandtheheroinewho/thatlovedeachotherverymuchinthefilm.1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。1.当先行词是不定代词时。All/everything、anything/nothing/much/few/little/none/theone等a.Allthatcanbedonemustbedone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanlearnfrom.c.Thereismuch(that)wecandotohelpthehomelessperson.定语从句考点：that和which的选择我一定是听了假课，这又是什么东西？？？2.先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时1.There’snodifficulty___wecan’tovercome.2.I’vereadallthebooks_____canbeborrowedhere.原来是这样！3.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。Thisisthebestfilm(that)I’veeverseen.Thisisthefirstinternationalmeeting(that)hehaseverattended.4.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时。Thatistheonly

thingthatwecandonow.Ihavefoundthe

very

pen(that)Ilostyesterday.5.当先行词即有人又有物的时候，只能用that引导定语从句嗯，似乎好像有点懂了！Theytalkedaboutthepeopleandplacesthattheyhadvisited.Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremember.6.当句子是who,which开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，定语从句用that引导。Whoisthepersonthatiswavingtous?2只用which不用that的情况1.非限制性定语从句中。Maryhasabook,whichisveryprecious.2.在介词之后。Thisisahouseinwhichtherelivesanoldman.3.当主句的主语被that修饰时。ThatdogwhichIfoundinthestreetbelongstoMary.1.Doyoustillremembertheearthquake

___________happenedtenyearsago?2.Itisagoodchoicefortourists________

prefervisitingplacesofhistoricalinterest.3.Thisisthepilotwith______mybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.4.Couldyoupleasepassmethebook________coverisgreen?5.Jacksonlikesthebike__________hisunclegavehimasabirthdaygift.that/whichthat/whowhomwhosethat/which基础训练6.Theschoolin________mysisteroncestudiedisveryfamous.7.ProfessorYangisapersonfrom______Ihavelearnedalot.8.Theboy______parentsareteachersismyclassmate.9.Lucycalledherbrother______________shehadn'tseenforfiveyears.10.Itisthemostinterestingstory______Ihaveeverheard.whichwhomwhosethat/whom/whothatReadthepassageandfillintheblankswithrelativepronouns.Thepeople_________liveinWenchuancountywillneverforgettheday12May,2008.The8.0-magnitudeearthquake__________killedover80,000peopleturnedmanytownsintoruins.Thesoldiers__________thegovernmentsentrushedtotheearthquake-hitareaimmediately.

Now,morethan10yearson,thesurvivors_______homesweredestroyedarelivinganewlife.Manyliveinnewtownswho/thatwhich/thatwhomwhose__________havebeenbeautifullyrebuiltbythegovernment.Thepeoplewillneverforgetthose________rescuedthemandhelpedthemrebuildtheirhome.Outofgratitude,manyyoungadults_________parentsdiedduringtheearthquakehavechosentostudymedicineorjointhearmyinawishtohelpmorepeople.Wenchuan,thecounty_________wascompletelydestroyedandthencompletelyrebuilt,hasbecomeasymboloftheChinesespiritofnevergivingup.

which/thatwhich/thatwhowhose定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语,宾语)whom(宾语)that(主语,宾语)whose(定语)which(主语,宾语)that(主语,宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)真题演练1.[2016·浙江卷]Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneof____________hasbeenproved.2.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ，61)InancientChinalivedanartist_________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.whichwhose真题演练3.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters__________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.(2019全国Ⅲ，64)4.(2018·天津，2)Kate,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.5.(2017·北京，31)Thelittleproblems___________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions。who/thatwhosethat/whichDrillsUse

arestrictiverelativeclausetocombineeachpairofsentences.Forpeople___________lovethesun,summerisatimeoffun.Butforpeople___________familiesweredestroyedbythesupertyphoon__________________hitEastChinainJuly2016,thatsummerwasatimeofgreatsadness.Thefloodsandlandslidescausedbythetyphoonkilled161people,left61missing,andforcedtheevacuationofhundredsofthousandsofpople.Thevictims__________thetyphoonbroughtdeathorgreatlosswereinseveralprovincesalongtheYangtzeRiver.Inthemonths_______________passedsincethen,muchhasbeendonetomakethingsbetterandhelpthousandsofpeople____________homesweredestroyed,althoughthesadnesswillneverleavethose___________summernowmarksthedeathofalovedone.whowhosethat/whichtowhomthat/whichwhoseforwhomDrills1.TheCCTVreporterisinterviewingawoman.Thewoman'sfamilysurvivedtheearthquake.(whose)Use

arestrictiverelativeclausetocombineeachpairofsentences.TheCCTVreporterisinterviewingawomanwhose

familysurvivedtheearthq