人教版（2019）选择性必修一【核心素养提升+备课精讲精研】 第1单元Using+Language-2023-2024学年高中英语

Unit1PeopleofAchievementUsingLanguage（ReadingComprehension)TheManWhoChangedOurUnderstandingoftheUniverseaJewish

oneofthesmartestmenwhoeverlivedGetNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921GetNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921

E=mc²

AlbertEinstein

thegeneraltheoryofrelativityWhatdoyouknowaboutAlbertEinstein？Readthetextandcompletethetimeline.ThenintroduceEinstein’slifestoryandachievementsinyourownwords.Content:

read

for

gistSkim

the

text

and

choose

the

correct

answers

for

Para.2,

Para.3

and

Para.4Paragraph

Main

idea

1General

introduction

about

his

great

contribution

and

personal

qualities2345Appearance

and

personality6Death

Turbulent（动荡的）mid-lifeEarly

life/EducationWork

experienceContent:

read

for

gistReference:

Paragraph

Main

idea

1General

introduction

about

his

great

contribution

and

personal

qualities2Early

life/Education3Work

experience4Turbulent（动荡的）mid-life5Appearance

and

personality6Death

His

life

story

and

achievements

Skimthetextandanswer:1.What'sthetypeofthetext?A.Exposition(说明文)B.Biography(传记)C.Argumentation(议论文)D.Practicalwriting(应用文)2.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthetext?A.InspaceorderB.IntimeorderC.InlogicorderBorninGermany1879189619551933ReadthePara2-6andfillinthetimeline.Para2This

gentle

geniuswasborninGermanyon14March1879.Whenhewas16,hetriedtoenteruniversityinSwitzerland,butfailedduetohislowscoresinthegeneralpartoftheentranceexam,despiteobtainingexceptionalscoresinmathsandphysics.Afterstudyingforanotheryear,hemanagedtopasstheexam,enteringuniversityin1896andgraduatingin1900.这位文静的天才于1879年3月14日出生于德国。16岁时，他曾试图去瑞士上大学，尽管他在数学和物理方面取得了优异的成绩，但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低，他未能如愿。经过又一年的学习，他通过了考试，1896年进入大学，并于1900年毕业。1895FailedtoenteruniversityEntereduniversity1900GraduatedfromuniversityE’searlylifeandeducation.ReadthePara3Aftertwoyearsoflookingforworkasateacher,EinsteintookajobasaclerkintheSwiss

patent

office.Whileworkingthere,outofastrong

passion

forknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,whichwaslaterrecordedasamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinary

physicspapers.Followingthis,he

gradually

becamefamousthroughouttheworldasthenewIsaacNewton.Afterfouryears,hewasabletoquithisjobatthepatentofficeandenterresearchfull-timeatauniversity.In1922,hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysicsforhisexplanationofthephotoelectriceffect.在找了两年的教师工作后，爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找到了一份职员的工作。在此工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。同年，他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文，这一年后来被誉为科学史上的奇迹之年。此后，他逐渐以新艾萨克·牛顿闻名于世。四年后，他辞去了专利局的工作，进入一所大学做全职研究。1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。E’sworkexperience.BorninGermany1879189619551933Failedtoenteruniversity1895EntereduniversityGraduatedfromuniversity1900TookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice19021905Enteredresearchfull-timeatauniversity1909AwardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics1922EarnedadoctorateinphysicsandpublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapersLet’sfillinthetimeline.ReadthePara4：E’sTurbulentmid-life.Circumstanceschangedin1933,whenHitlercametopowerinGermany.Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsof

academic

institutionsclosedtohim.Asa

consequence,hehadtofleeGermany.AfterspendingtimeinEurope,hefinallytookupapositionasaresearcheratthe

Institute

forAdvancedStudyinPrinceton,USA.Followingthat,hecontinuedtomakegreatachievementsinphysicsandmathematics.1933年，当希特勒在德国掌权时，情况发生了变化。爱因斯坦是犹太人，他发现学术机构的大门对他关闭了。因此，他不得不逃离德国。在欧洲待了一段时间后，他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。此后，他继续在物理和数学方面取得了巨大成就。ReadthePara6：E’sDeath.On18April1955,itwasreportedthatEinsteinhadpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.1955年4月18日，有报道说爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都为一位杰出科学家的逝世而哀悼。BorninGermany1879189619551933Failedtoenteruniversity1895EntereduniversityGraduatedfromuniversity1900TookajobasaclerkintheSwisspatentoffice19021905Enteredresearchfull-timeatauniversity1909AwardedtheNobelPrizeforPhysics1922FledGermanyPassedawayEarnedadoctorateinphysicsandpublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapersTimeEvents1879189619901905192219331955BorninGermany1895FailedtoenteruniversityEntered

universityGraduatedfromuniversity1902TookajobasaclerkEarnedadoctorateinphysics1909Quithisjob&enteredresearchAwardedtheNobelPrizeHadtofleeGermanyDiedintheUSAIntimeorderHowdoesthewriterdevelopthelifestoryofEinstein?discussion:1.Apartfromhisremarkableachievements,whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutEinstein’slife?非凡的成就ReadthePara5：E’sappearanceandpersonality.Tothepublic,hewasseenasaslightlyodd-lookingbutkindandfunnyman.Hehadathickmoustacheandlongwhitehair,whichsometimesstoodonendasthoughhehadjustreceivedanelectricshock.Althoughhewasagenius,hesometimesforgotthings,likehisfriends’birthdays.Butdespitehispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbours.Thereisevenastoryabouthowhehelpedalittlegirlwhoknockedonhisdoorandaskedforhelpwithherhomework.Infact,Einsteinoften

encountered

peopleonthestreetwhowouldstophimandaskhimtohelpexplainthings.Aftermanysuchoccasions,hefinallystartedsaying,“Pardonme!Sorry!AlwaysIammistakenfor

Professor

Einstein!”在公众看来，他看似有点古怪，但很善良又有趣的人。他胡须浓密，有时白发挺立，就好像刚遭了电击。虽然他是个天才，但他有时会忘记一些事情，比如他朋友的生日。尽管他性格古怪，但他深受朋友和邻居的喜爱。甚至还有一个关于他如何帮助一个小女孩的故事：这个女孩敲了他的门，请求他帮她做家庭作业。事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事情。经过多次这样的场合后，他终于开始说：“对不起！对不起！我总是被误认为是爱因斯坦教授！”Language

Features

Find

out

the

descriptions

of

Einstein’s

appearance

and

personality.Paragraph

Main

idea

5Appearance

and

personalityFunction

Descriptions

Describing

appearance

Showing

personalityPay

attention

to

adjectivesPay

attention

to

examples

and

anecdotes趣闻轶事Language

Features

Reference:Function

Descriptions

Describing

appearance

Showing

personalitySlightlyodd-lookingHaveathickmustache（上唇胡子）andlongwhitehairAlthough…,hesometimesforgotthings……hehelpedalittlegirl…herhomework.“…AlwaysIammistakenforProfessorEinstein!”(forgetful)(kind)(humorous)discussion:2.Whatrhetoricaldevicesareusedinthepassage?Giveexamples.修辞手法Language

Features

Review

of

rhetorical

devices:Analogy:acomparisonofonethingwithanotherthingthathassimilarfeaturesTheboywillbeanotherAlbertEinstein.Simile:Asimilecomparestwothingsbyusingwordssuchas“like”,“as”or“asthough”.Itmademyspiritsflylikeakiteinthewind.Metaphor:

It

compares

twothingsthatareunrelated,butwhicharesimilarinsomeway.

Theworldisastage.Personification:It

is

whenathing,idea,oranimalisgivenhumanattributes.Theskyweeps.Euphemism:anindirectwordorphrasethatpeopleoftenusetorefertosomethingembarrassingorunpleasant,sometimestomakeitseemmoreacceptable.“Passaway”istheeuphemismfor“die”.Analogy

Simile

Metaphor

Personification

Euphemism

类比明喻暗喻拟人委婉语Language

Features

Please

find

out

the

examples

of

the

following

rhetorical

devices

and

complete

the

table.Rhetorical

devicesAnalogyMetaphorSimilePersonificationEuphemismLanguage

Features

Reference:Rhetorical

devicesThedoorsofacademicinstitutions(para.