2020秋高二英语外研版选修7学案：Module 2　Highlights of My Senior Year Section Ⅱ Grammar-表语从句和主语从句含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2020秋高二英语外研版选修7学案：Module2HighlightsofMySeniorYearSectionⅡGrammar——表语从句和主语从句含解析Module2HighlightsofMySeniorYearSectionⅡGrammar-—表语从句和主语从句[语法图解］[课文原句感知］①Myfeelingisthatthey’regoingtobebigoneday.②ButthebigsurpriseoftheeveningwaswhenIwaselectedpromqueen!③Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.④ThereasonwhyI’mcallingyouisthatIwanttoinviteyoutomybirthdayparty。⑤Thatshehasbecameanartistmayhavebeenduetoherfather’sinfluence.⑥Whatweshoulddonextremainsunknown.⑦Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen。⑧It'sagoodthingthattheexamsarefinished。［语法领悟](1)以上句中，①～④句中黑体部分均引导表语从句，而⑤～⑧句中黑体部分则引导主语从句.（2）由④句可知，主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that,而不用why.(3）由⑤⑥句知,引导主语从句时，what要在从句中充当句子成分，而that不作任何成分,只在语法上起连接作用。（4)⑧句中，it用作形式主语,代替that引导的主语从句。一、表语从句1．定义在复合句中作表语的从句，叫作表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。2．引导词［即学即练1］用适当的连接词填空①Myopinionisthatweshouldcommunicatewithparentsfrequently。②Theproblemiswhetherwecanfindthemthere。③ThisiswhatIshouldhavedonefirstofall。④ThisiswhereIdon’tagreewithyou。⑤Thequestionishowwecangetintouchwithhim。⑥Theproblemiswhowillcometoreplaceher.3．注意事项(1)that与what的区别that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；what是连接代词，引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonherwaytoschool.那就是她今天早晨在去学校的路上做过的事。(2)because与why的区别because引导表语从句时强调原因，why引导表语从句时强调结果。Sheoftencomeslate.That’sbecauseshehasababytotakecareof.她经常迟到。那是因为她有一个孩子要照顾.Shehasababytotakecareof.That’swhysheoftencomeslate.她有一个孩子要照顾。那就是她经常迟到的原因。[名师点津］名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，而不用because.Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthatitwasraininghard.他来晚了是因为天正下大雨。［即学即练2］用that/what/because/why填空①Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.②Thiswaswhathetoldme.③MybeliefisthatIwillsucceedbyworkinghard。④Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.ThatiswhyIgotwetthrough.⑤Youalwaysmakethesamemistakesintheexams。Ithinkthatisbecauseyouaretoonervous.(3)虚拟语气用于表语从句①在表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”,should可以省略。Mysuggestionisthatwe（should）haveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofjustlayingitaside。我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这件事，而不应该只是把它放在一边。②asif/asthough引导的表语从句常用虚拟语气。用一般过去时表示现在，过去进行时表示现在进行，过去完成时表示过去，could/would/might＋动词原形表示将来。Itlooksasifheweretenyearsyoungertoday.今天他看起来好像年轻了10岁。[即学即练3]用所给词的适当形式填空①Thedoctor'sadviceisthatwe(should）__take(take）moreexercise。②Theproposalisthattheschool(should）_enlarge(enlarge）theplayground。二、主语从句（一）主语从句的引导词连接词：that,if，whether；连接代词：what,who，whom，which,whose,whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever；连接副词：when,where,how，why等.Itisveryimportantwhetherwecanfinishthattaskontime。我们能否按时完成任务很重要.ItiscertainthatthefilmWolfWarriorⅡwasasuccess。可以肯定的是电影《战狼Ⅱ》是一部成功的影片.Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize。你们当中不论哪个进来都将得到奖品。[名师点津]whether/if在从句中不充当句子成分，起连接作用,意为“是否"。whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾；if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面用it作形式主语。如果whether引导的主语从句用it作形式主语，whether可换成if。Whetherlifeexistsonotherplanetsisnotclear.其他星球上是否存在生命还不清楚。Itisdoubtfulwhether/ifshewouldplaytherole。她是否要演这个角色还很难说。［即学即练4］完成句子①Whether_he_will_come_here_on_timeisn'tclear。他是否会来这里还不清楚。②That_the_earth_moves_around_the_sunisknowntoall。我们都知道地球围着太阳转。③What_will_happen_in_the_worldisdifficulttopredict。世界将发生什么事情是难以预测的。④Who_will_win_the_matchisstillunknown。谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。⑤Why_he_gave_up_the_chanceofstudyingabroadisunknown。他为什么放弃了出国学习的机会还不清楚.（二)注意事项1．常用it作形式主语的句型（1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious,true，natural，surprising,good，wonderful，funny，certain等）＋that从句Itiswonderfulthatallofyouhavepassedthedifficultexam.你们都通过了这么难的考试，真是太好了。[名师点津]在“It＋be＋形容词＋that从句"句型中，如果形容词为necessary，important,strange,natural等时,从句谓语动词常用“（should＋）动词原形"。Itisimportantthatwe(should)buildmorehydroelectricpowerstations。我们建立更多的水力发电站是重要的。（2）It＋be＋名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing，apity，nosurprise,ect.)＋that从句Itisnowonderthatshewassoupset.难怪她如此心烦意乱。(3)It＋be＋过去分词（said，reported,thought，expected,decided，announced，arranged,ectc.）＋that从句It'sreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.据报道另一地球卫星已被送入轨道。[名师点津]在“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句"句型中，如果过去分词为suggested，advised,ordered，requested，required等时，that从句谓语动词使用“(should＋）动词原形”。Itissuggestedthatyou（should）attendtheopeningceremony。有人建议你出席开幕典礼.(4)Itseems/happens等不及物动词或短语＋that从句Itseemsthattheyhaveknownoursecret.好像他们已经知道了我们的秘密.（5）Itdoesn'tmatter(makesnodifference,etc。）＋连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Itmakesnodifferencewhetherwegobytrainorbyboat.我们坐火车去还是坐船去都无所谓。[即学即练5］句型转换（用it作形式主语）①Thatheshouldknowaboutitisimportant.→It_is_important_thatheshouldknowaboutit.②ThathehasgonetoShanghaiissaid.→It_is_said_thathehasgonetoShanghai。③Thatyoudidn'tcometothebasketballmatchyesterdayisapity。→It_is_a_pitythatyoudidn'tcometothebasketballmatchyesterday。④Whetherhecomesornotdoesn’tmatter.→It_doesn't_matter_thathecomesornot.2．whatever和whoeverwhatever和whoever可以引导主语从句,并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等.此外,它们还可以引导让步状语从句。Keepcalm,whateverhappens。不管发生什么事都要保持镇静。Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你能做什么,都会对我们有帮助.[即学即练6］判断下列从句的类型①Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished。主语从句②Whoeverbreaksthelaw,heshouldbepunished。让步状语从句③Whatevermayhappen,youmustkeepcalm.让步状语从句3．主语从句中的主谓一致单个的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式；两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词常用单数形式；但如果what引导的从句作主语，代表复数概念(常可从表语上看出)时，谓语动词常用复数形式。Whatweneedismoretime。我们需要的是更多的时间.WhentheywillsetoffforLondonandwheretheywillstayhavenotbeendecidedyet.他们将于何时出发去伦敦以及要住在哪里还没定下来。Whenandwheretheconferencewillbeheldhasnotbeendecidedyet。会议将在何时何地举行还没定下来.WhatIneedaretwopens。我所需要的是两支钢笔.［即学即练7]用所给词的适当形式填空①WhatIwanttobuyis(be)severalbooks.②Whatwecan'tgetseems（seem）betterthanwhatwealreadyhave.用适当的连接词填空1．Thereasonforyourmista