初中英语状语从句专项测验题

#/19析：1、填C。意思是"玛丽不可能在巴黎。几分钟前我还看见她在镇上。2、填D。意思是”--约翰会坐火车来吗？--应该会，但他可能不会。他喜欢开车。”【考例】1.Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(NMET2002Beijing)Ittruebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won'tbeC.couldn'tbeD.mustn'tbe【分析】Could,might表示过去的可能性。Ithoughtitmightbetrue.我本认为那是真的。Hecouldbeveryunreasonable.他有时可能毫不讲理。析：填C。它是对去年冬天所发生的事进行评价。【考例】1.--AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?(NMET2000)--I’mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might2.Look!Thecloudsaregathering.Yes.I'mafraiditbepouringdownsoon.A,canB,mustC,shouldD,might【分析】could和might表示现在的情况时，更带有不肯定性和慎重味道，构成礼貌或婉转说法，包含或许的意思：A:IwonderwhereTomis.B:Hemay/might/couldbeinthelibrary.(Perhapsheisinthelibrary.)因此在wonder,fear,beafraid等后接的从句中，通常用may/might/could,表达一种探询的观点：Iwasafraidyoumightbeoutofsorts.我怕你可能心情不痛快。假设性的可能和试探性的可能，也用could和might：Ourteammightstillwintherace.（可以意译为：Itispossible,thoughunlikely,that ）析：1、2均填D.might【考例】Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.Howitbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must（2001年上海普通高校春季招生考试试卷）【分析】表示推测的may通常不用于一般疑问句，而要用can代替。Can用于一般疑问句时，还可表示惊讶或怀疑，意思是”（到底）可能有这样的事吗？"，比如：“Thereisthedoorbell.””Whocanitbeatthistimeofday?”有人按门铃。””这个时候到底会是谁呢？”Must也偶尔用于疑问句：Musttherebesomegoodreasonforthedelay?这个问句设想的是一个肯定的回答，可以解释为“Doestherehavetobesomegoodreason ?”may可用于特殊疑问句或wh-从句，意思是”（到底）是…”、”不知是否…”：Iwonderwhatitmaymean.我不知道这究竟是什么意思。Howoldmayhisfatherbe?他父亲到底有多大年纪？（比Howoldishisfather?委婉的说法。)析：填1、A.can.(布什先生做什么事都很按时。他怎么可能会在开幕式上迟到呢？)【考例】1.SorryI'mlate.Ihaveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.(2000年普通高等学校春季招生考试(北京、安徽卷)A.might B.should C.canD.will2.一Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—Itacomfortablejourney.(NMET95)A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen【分析】“情态动词have+-ed分词”结构可以表示对已发生的事情进行推测，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。must+have+-ed分词：用于肯定句，表示推测过去某事“肯定，一定，准是”发生了。其否定形式为：can't/couldn'thavev-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事。may(might)+have+-ed分词：用于肯定句和其他否定句，表示对已发生事情的不肯定的推测，意为“可能,大概”，其中might较may语气更弱，把握更小。Can/could用于否定或疑问句中，表示对过去发生的事件的“怀疑或不肯定”。could比can更表示说话人语气的不肯定。例如：Imailedthatletteraweekago.Hemusthavereceivedit.我一周前就发出了那封信，想必他一定收到了。Ican'tfindmykeys.Imay/mighthaveleftthemattheschoolyesterday.Jackcan'thavearrivedyet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.（上海1997）Itcouldn'thavebeenMr.Smith.HehasgonetoChina.不太可能是史密斯先生。他已去了中国。另外，注意may不可用于疑问句，它的这种功能已为can所取代。例如Cantheyhavemissedthebus?的答句是：Yes,theymayhavedone.而不是Yes,theycanhavedone.这一点要注意。Must偶尔也能用于否定句：Hisabsencemustnothavebeennoticed.此句和Hisabsencecan’thavebeennoticed.的意思是一样的。许多评论者认为这类句子是不可能成立的，但它们正在为越我来越多的人所接受和使用，在美国英语中尤其如此。对正在发生的事情进行推测，则采用"情态动词+be+现在分词”结构，其中情态动词的区别与上相同。析：答案A、Docan通常不用于肯定句表猜测；"should+have+-ed分词”表示“过去本来应该做……”，但实际上没有做，意思是”本该・・...”,带有责备口气:Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youshouldn'thaveleftwithoutaword.(NMET2001)；"will+have+-ed分词”只是将来完成时的一种形式。【考例】I.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jackbehereatanymoment.(NMET95)A.must B.need C.shouldD.can【分析】should(oughtto)表示很可能、预期的意思，指一种尝试性推论，可认为是must的语气较弱的对应词，意思是”应该会、一定。。。吧”。试比较：Ourguestsmustbehomebynow.('Iamcertain’)我们的客人现在一定到家了。(根据他们动身的时间、路程远近、速度等具体条件，我能断定/肯定他们现在已经到家了。)Ourguestsshould(oughtto)behomebynow.('Theyprobablyare,butI,mnotcertain.)我们的客人现在该到家了。(含义是我想他们很可能到家了，但我不能肯定”)与must不同还在于它常常表示将来：--WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.--Theybereadyby12:00.(NMET1998)A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need表示不太可能可用shouldn,t(oughtn,tto):Thereshouldn,t(oughtn,tto)beanydifficulties.不该有任何困难。析：填C。意思是”将近七点了。杰克很可能随时会到。”另外，在近几年的 中，对情态动词及其它语法工程的考查均放到一定的语境中进行，要求考生利用所学英语各项基础知识进行初步的语言运用，而不再是单纯的语法知识题和短语题。这类试卷往往通过题干的其他部分或附加句子提供某个信息，然后让考生根据这个信息进行合理推理，产生新的想法和认识。因此，在做这类题时，除要熟悉所考查的语法规则外，还要认真分析句子的结构，注意抓住关键词，分析上下文的逻辑关系。不能单凭语法规则做题。巩固练习.Michael_beapoliceman,forhe'smuchtooshort.A.need'tB.can'tC.shouldD.may.Johnny,youplaywiththeknife.You_hurtyouself.A.won't,can'tB.mustn't,mayC.shouldn't,mustD.cant't,shouldn't.Petercomewithustonight,buttakenheisn'tverysureyet.A.canB.mayC.willD.must4.Putonmoreclothes.You_betakenfeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.A.mustB.canC.couldD.would5.It'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack_behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.can.Ididn'thearthephone.Iasleep.A.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeen.Jack_yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.A.mustn'thavearrivedB.shouldn'thavearrivedC.can'thavearrivedD.neednothavearrived.--therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.--It—acomfortablejourney.A.can'tbeB.shouldn'tbeC.mustn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen9.He_youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.A.mighthavegivenB.mightgiveC.mayhavegivenD.maygive.YesterdayJanewaookedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,she__somethingthewouldregretlater.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid.Therewasplentyoftime.She—.A.mustn'thavehurriedB.needn'thavehurriedC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.couldn'thavehurried.Tomoughtnotto_meyoursecret,butbemeantnoharm.A.havetoldB.tellC.betellingD.haven'ttold.ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsI_forher.A.hadtowirteitoutB.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout.Ifyouhadworkedharder,you.A.wouldsucceedB.hadsucceededC.shouldsucceedD.wouldhavesucceeded.--Ifhe—,he_thatfood.--luckilyhewsasenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarnecLwouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarrnecLhadnottakenC.wouldbewarned。hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned。hadnottaken.--IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.--Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayed.SorryI'mlate.I_haveturnedoffthealarmandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will.--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--Noyou—.I'vetoldhimalready.A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't.Thenewairoprt_iftheyhadnotstoppedworkingonit.A.wouldcompleteB.hadbeencompletedC.hadcompletedD.wouldhavebeencompleted.Ididn'tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.Sheatthemeeting.A.mustn'thavespokenB.shouldn'thavespokenC.needn'thavespokenD.couldn'thavespoken.Thatyoungmanhasmade