高中英语谓语动词时态和语态最全课件

谓语动词的时态和语态

扎实的基础就是最好的技巧2023/6/11一.时态

时间时态

状态过去，现在，将来一般，进行，完成一般表事实；进行表过程，完成表结果状态VS时间一般进行完成过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时将来一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时根据历年高考考试大纲中的语法项目表，备考高考主要需要掌握英语16种时态中的以下11种：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时；现在进行时，过去进行时，将来进行时；现在完成时，过去完成时，将来完成时；过去将来时。Itrainsalotinsummerinmyhometown.标志词：often,usually,always,everyweek/year/day,onceaweek,seldom,onSundays.2.一般过去时：worked表示过去发生完的动作或者结果，不强调对现在的影响。标志词：oneday,yesterday,lastweek/year/month,justnow,in1998,onceuponatime,...ago,onthatdayIboughtapairofshoesyesterday.标志词：tomorrow，soon,inthefuture,intwodays/weeks...3.一般将来时：willworkbegoingtowork表示以现在为起点说将来要发生的事情Iwillprayforyou.还有几种特殊的形式也表示将来时态：1.begoingto+do表示：主观上已经决定、打算、准备要做的事。例如：Iamgoingtobuyanewcar.我打算买辆新车。某种迹象表明很可能发生的事情。例如：Darkcloudsaregathering.Itisgoingtorain.乌云密布，要下雨了。2.beto+动词原型表示：约定、计划或按职责、义务要求即将发生的动作。例如：Wearetomeetatthetrainstationatfourthisafternoon.我们计划今天下午四点在火车站见面ThesportsmeetistotakeplaceonSundaymorning.运动会将在周日上午举行。3.beaboutto+动词原型，表示“不久将要，即将发生”，但是不能与tomorrow，nextweek等表示确切的将来时间状语连用。例如：Thefilmisabouttobegin.电影马上就要开始了。4.现在进行时bedoing表示一般将来现在进行时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或打算要进行的动作；通常带一个表将来的时间状语,但有明确的上下文时无须指出时间。

能用进行时表将来的动词：go,come,leave,start,arrive,give,return,take,get,seeoff,travel,fly,reach,meet…come,go,stay,arrive,leave等趋向动词的现在进行时经常用于表示将来确切的计划。2)表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，例如fly,walk,ride,drive,take(abus,ataxi)等的现在进行时也经常用于表示将来。IamleavingChinaintwohours.我将会在两个小时后离开中国。IamflyingtoJapantomorrow.明天我会飞往日本。TheBrowns________(go)totheNorthChinabytrainnextweek.They__________(stay)inBeijingforaweek.They________(go)toXi’an.They__________(get)therebyair.aregoing

arestayingaregoingaregettingExercise1TravelPlan1.我星期五动身去北京。2.我的朋友今晚过来。3.下周五我们乘飞机去上海。4.下课后我们打算在操场踢足球。

Exercise2用现在进行时翻译下列句子。V.leave/gocomeplayfly我星期五动身去北京。I’mleavingforBeijingthisFriday.2.我的朋友今晚过来。Myfriendsarecomingoverthisevening.3.下周五我们乘飞机去上海。WeareflyingtoShanghainextFriday.4.下课后我们打算在操场踢足球。

Afterclassweareplayingfootballontheplayground.leave/gocomeflyplay典型例题Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelt.Theplane_____(2006福建)。AtakesoffB.istakingoffC.hastakenoffD.tookoff4.3(2011济南市二模）--HaveyoubrokenthenewstoJim?--Oh,no.Iforgot.I_______himnow.A.willcallB.amcallingC.callD.called

–Whereisthemorningpaper?–I________itforyouatonce.

A.getB.amgettingC.amtogetD.willgetDI’vewonaholidayfortwoweekstoFlorida.I____mymom.A.amtakingB.havetakenC.willtakeD.willhavetaken4.现在进行时：am/is/areworking表示现在正在发生的动作。标志词：now，rightnow，atthemoment,look!listen!Thedogissleepingnow.5.过去进行时：was/wereworking

表示过去正在发生的动作。标志词：atthattime,atthatmoment,then,atthistimeyesterdayMydogwaswatchingTVwhenyoucalledmeyesterday.6.将来进行时：willbedoing表示将来要正在进行的动作。

表示过去发生的动作到现在为止已经完成。标志词：since，for+一段时间，recently，already，yet,sofar,uptonow,forthepastfewyears,inthelastfewyears7.现在完成时：have/hasdone经典例句！Ihaven'tseenyouforalongtimesinceyouleftChina.

JayChouhaswonmanyawards.8.过去完成时：haddone表示一般过去时之前发生的动作Theyhadeatensomethingbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.过去的过去9.将来完成时：willhavedone表示将来要完成的动作Bytheyearof2023,thehousepricewillhaveincreasedby15percent.附加时态1：过去将来时：woulddo表示以过去为起点，说将来要发生的动作。Theteachertoldusthathe_______usatesttwodayslater.A.willgiveB.isgivingC.hadgivenD.wouldgiveShesaidthatshe________afamousmoviestarwhenshegrewup.A.willbecomeB.becomeC.wouldbecomeD.hadbecome例题：Hesuddenlyrememberedthathe__________hiskeyathome.A.hadleftB.wasleavingC.hasleftD.wouldleave(2012上海春季)29.BeforeIbeganthisjob,I_____ababysitterfortwoyears.A.havebeen B.was C.wouldbe D.hadbeenDJohnpromisedhisdoctorhe______again,andhehasneversmokedeversince.(2008北京)A．hadn'tsmokeB.didn'tsmokeC.wouldn'tsmokeD.hasn'tsmoked2.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI_______inmanyworsehotels.(2008北京)A．wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed附加时态2：现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing例句：Hehasbeenworkinginthefactoryfortwoyears.表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在现在完成时VS现在完成进行时例题：(2010江苏23）----Youlooktired,what’sup?----Well,I_________thehouseallday.Imustfinishitbeforetonight.A.haspainted

B.paintedC.waspaintingD.hasbeenpainting(10湖南）I'mtiredout.I________allafternoonandIdon'tseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshoppingD(2012江西卷)26.—Look!Somebody________thesofa.—Well,itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit. A.iscleaning B.wascleaning C.hascleaned D.hasbeencleaningC

We_______onthisprojectforfourhours.Let’shavearestandgoon.A.wasworkingB.havebeenworkingC.workedD.haveworkedB.I____Englishforfiveyearsnow.(M80)A．wasstudyingB．havebeenstudyingC．studiedD．amstudying二.时态题的解题方法和思路1.看时态标志词：

1.1Daniel’sfamily________theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.(2009安徽卷）A.areenjoyingB.aretoenjoyC.willenjoyD.willbeenjoying(2012辽宁，31）Ifeelsoexcited!

AtthistimetomorrowmorningI______toShanghai.A.willbeflyingB.willflyC.havebeenflyingD.haveflownIfeelsoexcited!BythistimetomorrowmorningI__________toShanghai.A.willbeflyingB.willhaveflownC.havebeenflyingD.haveflown1.2.Judyisgoingtomarrythesailorshe_____inRomelastyear.A.meetsB.metC.hasmetD.wouldmeet1.3.We_____ournewneighborsyet,sowedon’tknowtheirnames.(2006上海春)A．don’tmeetB.won’tmeetC.haven’tmetD.hadn’tmet

（2010山东）Uptonow,theprogram______thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.A.wouldsaveB.savesC.hadsavedD.hassavedProgress______sofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.

A.wasB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.willbeCSofarthisyearwe______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen1.4.We_________eachothersincesheleftthehometown.A.hadn’tseenB.haven’tseenC.sawD.see现在完成时+since+一般过去时2.0Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit____onthemarketin1973.A.hadcomeB.hascomeC.cameD.comes1.8—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes，

sincehe____________theChineseSociety.A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.hadjoinedD.joined1.5Thecountrylifehewasusedto______greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechangedBThecountrylife1.6（2010江西30).Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe_____sincehermarriagetoFather.A.shouldersB.shoulderedC.isshouldering

D.hasbeenshouldering(2012全国II)18.Themanager______theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9am.

A.toldB.hastold

C.hasbeentellingD.willhavetoldc1.7(05山东）25.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________risingsteadilysince1990.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeenThenumbernosooner...than刚一。。就。。Wedidn'tknowabouttheaccident,becausewenosooner_________thanithappened.A.haveleftB.hadleftC.leftD.wouldleavenosooner过去完成时than一般过去时hardly...when刚一。。就Weweresolucky,becausewehardly_________homewhenitrainedheavily.A.arrivedB.hadarrivedC.willarriveD.arrivehardly过去完成时when一般过去时填写词的正确形式1.Ihardly________(go)whenshecametolookforme.2.Wenosooner_________(hear)thenewsthantheTVshowedtous.3.Ihadhardlyspentallmymoneywhenmymother_______(want)toborrowsomemoneyfromme.hadgonehadheardwantedwas/weredoing+when+一般过去时I__________(sleep)inmyroomwhensomebodystartedtoshoutoutside.wassleeping某人正在做。。。。。。突然。。。。。。2.主将从现原则

Ifthere_____(be)nowater,there_____(be)nolivingthingsontheearth.

iswillbe

Wewillstartassoonasourteamleader____.(M81)A.comesB．willcomeC．comeD．iscoming3.1（2005全国28)—Whatwillyoudoifit_____tomorrow?—Wehavetocarryiton，sincewe’vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining解析：状语从句中主将从现原则！2012济南市一模—Jane,haveyoufinishedyourfashiondesignyet?—No，I’llfinishitif

I_______tenmoreminutes.A.giveB.amgivenC.willgiveD.willbegiven----Doyouhaveanyquestions

ifyou_____thejob?—Well，Iamthinkingaboutthesalary.（薪水，工资）A.offerB.areofferedC.willofferD.willbeofferedBIf

I_____freenextSunday,I_____tothefarmwithyou.A.willbe,willgoB.am,willgoC.willbe,goD.be,go

（10四川16）—Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?—Notuntilwe______ourplan.A.willfinishB.arefinishingC.aretofinishD.havefinished

注意：情态动词也表示将来意思！----Mom,canIplaythegametoo?----Iamafraidnot,youcanwhenyou______older.A.willgetB.getC.gotD.wouldget主情从现Youshallgetthemoneyifyou_________thetaskinaweek.A.willcompleteB.completeC.arecompletingD.completed（10浙江5）

Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring,you______freshwatermelonsinthefall.A.eatB.wouldeatC.haveeatenD.willbeeatingD(08全国II14)Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they______theirsalesby20percent.A.willincrease

B.havebeenincreasingC.haveincreasedD.wouldbeincreasingA3.主过从过原则(2012辽宁卷)35.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI_________onFriday.A.getpaidB.gotpaidC.havepaidD.hadbeenpaid(2012山东卷)34.Themanagerwasconcernedtohearthattwoofhistrustedworkers______.A.willleave B.areleaving C.haveleft D.wereleaving总结：原句的既定时态是过去时，选项也应该向过去时态靠拢。(2013山东)24.Ididn’tthinkI’dlikethemovie,butactuallyit_____prettygood.A.hasbeen B.was C.hadbeen D.wouldbe4.分析语境根据标志词和固定句型并不是万能的，近几年高考试题考察结合语境选择合适的时态的题目越来越多，因此考生应该学会细心体会所给的语境，综合考虑选择正确答案。2012江西卷)26.—Look!Somebody____thesofa.—Well,itwasn’tme.Ididn’tdoit.

A.iscleaning B.wascleaning C.hascleaned D.hadcleanedC有for+一段时间不一定选现在完成时(2012天津卷)Thethreeofus_________aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.A.travelledB.havetravelledC.hadtravelledD.travel选过去完成时符合两个条件：1.原句有过去时；2.发生在原句这个过去时之前(2012湖南卷)33.—Irememberyouwereatalentedpianistatcollege.Canyouplaythepianoforme?—Sorry,I______thepianoforyears.

A.don'tplayB.wasn'tplayingC.haven'tplayedD.hadn'tplayedC4.2.(2009四川）---YouspeakverygoodFrench!——Thanks.I________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.AstudiedB.studyC.willstudy

D.hadstudied选过去完成时符合两个条件：1.原句有过去时；2.发生在原句这个过去时之前2.He_____footballregularlyformanyyears

whenhewasyoung.(2008天津)A．playedB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.hadplayed(08陕西6）ThemomentIgothome,IfoundI_______myjacketontheplayground.A.hadleftB.leftC.haveleftD.wasleavingA2011山东35.Shewassurprisedtofindthefridgeempty;thechildren_______everything!A.hadbeeneatingB.hadeatenC.haveeatenD.havebeeneatingBIdidn'tknowwhat_______whileIwasasleep.A.hadhappenedB.happenedC.washappenedD.happenB(2012重庆卷)22.—Kevin,youlookworried.Anythingwrong?—Well,I____atestandI’mwaitingfortheresult.

A.willtakeB.tookC.hadtakenD.takeB(09山东）Iwasoutoftownatthetime,soIdon'tknowexactlyhowit________.A.washappeningB.happenedC.happensD.hadhappenedB2011山东31.WhenIgotonthebus,I_________Ihadleftmywalletathome.A.wasrealizingB.realizedC.haverealizedD.wouldrealizeB(2012山东卷)28.AfterJackhadsentsomee-mails,he_______workingonhisproject.A.hadstarted B.hasstarted C.started D.startsC(10北京24）—I'mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.—Butourfriends_____forus.A.willwaitB.waitC.havewaitedD.arewaitingD2.----Didyouseeamaninblackpassbyjustnow?-----No,sir.I______anewspaper.(2007四川)A．readB.wasreadingC.wouldreadD.amreading—IsawJaneandherboyfriendintheparkateightyesterdayevening.—Impossible.She_______TVwithmeinmyhomethen.A.watchedB.hadwatchedC.wouldwatchD.waswatchingD

IcalledHannahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother______onthephoneallthetime!(2008湖南)A．wastalkingB.hasbeentalkingC.hastalkedD.talked----Whydon'tyouinviteSallytothehiking?-----Sally?Noway!She_______outdooractivities.A.hatedB.hatesC.willhateD.hashatedMyparentsareHongkongpeople,they_______inHongkongandhaveneverlivedanywhereelsebefore.A.liveB.werelivingC.willbelivingD.lived时态完！二.语态一．动词的被动语态形式表示的就是 ：主语是谓语动作的承受者。形式：bedone，be动词后面的动词是及物动词或者及物动词短语。二．高考十大重点时态下被动语态的具体形式：时态类型被动形式（以动词build为例）典型例句一般现在时am/is/arebuiltAnewrailwayisbuilt.一般过去时was/werebuiltAnewrailwaywasbuiltin1700一般将来时will/shallbebuiltAnewrailwaywillbebuiltinoneyear.现在进行时am/is/arebeingbuiltAnewrailwayisbeingbuiltatpresent.过去进行时was/werebeingbuiltAnewrailwaywasbeingbuiltthen.将来进行时willbebeingdoneAnewrailwaywillbebeingbuiltthistimenextyear.现在完成时has/havebeenbuiltAnewrailwayhasbeenbuiltrecently过去完成时hadbeenbuiltAnewrailwayhadbeenbuiltbefore1990.将来完成时willhavebeendoneAnewrailwaywillhavebeenbuiltbytheyear2012.过去将来时wouldbebuiltThechairmansaidthatanewrailwaywouldbebuiltsoon.1.Thisdictionary______nextyear.A．publishedB．willbepublishedC.werepublishedD．ispublished2．Mypictures______untilnextweek.A．won'tdevelopB．aren'tdevelopingC．don'tdevelopD．won'tbedeveloped(08北京29）Nodecision_______aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemadeB.ismadeC.isbeingmadeD.hasbeenmadeA现在进行时的被动语态基本用法：表示现在正在进行的被动动作。e.g.Maryisbeinginterviewednow.—Mycarisbeingrepairednow.

—What’sthematter?2.表现阶段正在进行的被动动作。Thediseaseisbeingstudiedatpresentbyscientists.Thelifeofthepandaisbeingstudiedat

present.

Practice

1.—Idon’tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit.—Well,surprisinglytheydo.Amanhasbeenarrestedand____now.A.hasbeingquestioned

B.isquestioningC.hasquestioned

D.isbeingquestioned2.Anewcinema_____hereatpresent.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A.willbebuiltB.isbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.isbeingbuilt3.Idon’tknowwhattimeitisnow.Mywatch_____.A.isrepairingB.hasbeenrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasrepaired4.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth____eachyear.iswashingawayisbeingwashedawayarewashingawayarebeingwashedaway5.----Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?----Notyet.Therooms____.(NM91)A．arebeingpaintedB．arepaintingC．arepaintedD．arebeingpainting1.---_____thesportsmeetingwillbeputoff.A.I’vebeentoldB.I’vetoldC.I’mtoldD.Itold2.“WhydidLinglinglooksounhappy?”“Shehad____byherclassmates.”A．laughedB．laughedatC．beenlaughedD．beenlaughedat3.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday____yet.A.arenotdecidedB.havenotbeendecidedC.isnotbeingdecidedD.hasnotbeendecided4.It’ssaidthatthisbook___intoChinese.