2022年湖南省益阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）

2022年湖南省益阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级重点汇总（含答案）学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

LikeNewYorkandLondon,Washington,D.C.hasgrownwithoutplansandblueprints.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

ThereareseveralfactorsresponsibleforthedramaticdecreaseintheGiantPanda'spopulation:poaching,______,thepanda'slowreproductiverateandbambooflowering.

3.

Justlikefatigueandweakness,depressionisonesymptomof______.

4.

ItismentionedthatAncientRomewasruledby______.

5.

______isthemaintenanceoftherelativelyconstantinternalenvironmentofthebody.

6.

Dr.PeterDiotbelievesthatitmaybeeffectivetouseARVsto______.

7.

Youshould______afterselectingyourtoolsandasuitablemedium.

A.findadistantplacetostoreyourbackups

B.bouncebackquickly

C.trustInternet-basedbackupservice

D.resteasy

8.

Bothnaturalgasandgasolineare___________andthusneithercanbeconsideredrenewable.

9.

______arekeyindicatorsoftheperformanceofWHO.

10.WhyPopMusicSoundsPerfect?

Ifyouhaven'tbeenlisteningtopopradiointhepastfewmonths,you'vemissedtheriseoftwoseeminglyopposingtrends.Inamediuminwhichmediocresinginghasneverbeenabartoentry,alotofpopvocalssuddenlysoundgreat.Betterthangreat:note-andpitch-perfect,asifthere'sbeenanunspokentighteningofstandardsatrecordlabelsoranevolutionaryleapinthedevelopmentofvocalcords.Attheotherextremeareafewhip-hopsingerswhoalsohittheirnotesbutwithaprecisionsoexaggeratedthatonfirstlisten,theirsongssoundcomicallyartificial,likeachorusof50srobotssingingMotown.

Theforcebehindbothtrendsisaningeniousplug-incalledAuto-Tune,adownloadablestudiotrickthatcantakeavocalandinstantlynudgeitontothepropernoteormoveittothecorrectpitch.It'slikePhotoshopforthehumanvoice.Auto-Tunedoesn'tmakeitpossibleforjustanyonetosinglikeapro,butusedasitscreatorintended,itcantransform.awaveringperformanceintosomethingtechnicallyflawless."Rightnow,ifyoulistentopop,everythingisinperfectpitch,perfecttimeandperfecttune,"saysproducerRickRubin."That'showubiquitousAuto-Tuneis."

Auto-Tune'sinventorisamannamedAndyHildebrand,whoworkedforyearsinterpretingseismicdatafortheoilindustry.Usingamathematicalformulacalledautocorrelation,Hildebrandwouldsendsoundwavesintothegroundandrecordtheirreflections,providinganaccuratemapofpotentialdrillsites.It'satechniquethatsavesoilcompanieslotsofmoneyandallowedHildebrandtoretireat40.Hewasdebatingthenextchapterofhislifeatadinnerpartywhenaguestchallengedhimtoinventaboxthatwouldallowhertosingintune.Afterhetinkeredwithautocorrelationforafewmonths,Auto-Tunewasborninlate1996.

Almostimmediately,studioengineersadopteditasatradesecrettofixflubbednotes,savingthemtheexpenseandhassleofhavingtoredosessions.ThefirsttimecommonearsheardAuto-Tunewasontheimmenselyirritating1998Cherhit"Believe."Inthefirstverse,whenChersings"Ican'tbreakthrough"asthoughshe'sstandingbehindanelectricfan,that'sAuto-Tune--butit'snotthewayHildebrandmeantittobeused.Theprogram'sretunespeed,whichadjuststhesinger'svoice,canbesetfromzeroto400."Ifyousetitto10,thatmeansthattheoutputpitchwillgethalfwaytothetargetpitchin10milliseconds,"saysHildebrand."Butifyouletthatparametergotozero,itfindsthenearestnoteandchangestheoutputpitchinstantaneously"--eliminatingthenaturaltransitionbetweennotesandmakingthesingersoundjumpyandautomat-ed."Ineverfiguredanyoneintheirrightmindwouldwanttodothat,"hesays.

LikeothertrendsspawnedbyCher,thecreativeabuseofAuto-Tunequicklywentoutoffashion,althoughitcontinuedtobeanindispensable,ifinaudible,partoftheengineer'stoolbox.Butin2003,T-Pain(FaheemNajm),alittle-knownrapperandsinger,accidentallystumbledontotheChereffectwhileAuto-Tuningsomeofhisvocals."Itjustworkedformyvoice,"saysT-PaininhisnaturalTallahasseedrawl."Andtherewasn'tanyoneelsedoingit."

Sincehis2005debutalbum,T-Painhassentadozenslightlyraunchy,mechanicallycheerysinglesintotheTop10.HecontributedtofournominatedsongsatGrammyAward2009,andhisinfluenceisstillspreading.WhenKanyeWestwaslookingforaneffecttomatchsomeheartbrokenlyrics,heflewT-PaintoHawaiitoseehowmanywaystheycouldtweakAuto-Tune.Diddygaveapercentageofhisupcomingalbum'sprofitstoT-Paininexchangeforsomelessons.EvenPrinceisrumoredtobeexperimentingwithAuto-Tuneonhisnewrecord."Iknow[Auto-Tune]betterthananyone,"saysT-Pain."AndevenI'mjustfiguring

A.Vocalcords.B.Hip-hopsingers.C.Motown.D.Auto-Tune.

11.TheBBCusedtopresentthemesofethnicminoritiesinaboring______.

12.Peoplewithsocialanxietydisorderhavea______ofbeingwatchedandjudgedbyothersandofdoingthingsthatwillembarrassthem.

13.

Theworld'spopulationwillincreasein2000to9.3billionpeople.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Jim'sparentsencouragedhimtostudyboththeconstructivistmathandtraditionalmath.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Americans'shortcomingsinsciencearevast,andunfortunately______ismakingeffortstodefeatthem.

16.Enteringriversby______,phosphatesandnitratesasfertilizerscanresultineutrophication.

17.

TheauthorofabookonGoogleandanearlyadmirerJohnBattellethinksthat______.

A.hebecomesmorewaryduetoGoogle

B.Googlemakesmanyusersuneasy

C.hepersistsinsupportingGoogle

D.Googlecontrolsonesource

18.

Awidereye-spanallowsreaderstoreadbyphrasesor______.

19.

ThereasonwhyEmery,whowasalreadyinhissixties,chasedandcaughtayoungmanwasthat______.

20.

Today'sU.S.athletesusuallyavoidbeinglikearolemodelsincethatwillruintheirreputation.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.(31)

A.Becausehehimselfchosetobesingleallhislife.

B.Becausehehadaprejudiceagainstwomen.

C.Becausehecouldnotbeartheromanbetweencouples.

D.Becausesinglemenwerebettersoldierscomparedwithmarriedones.

22.(15)

A.EveryoneenjoyedhimselfatJohn'sparties.

B.Thewomandidn'tenjoyJohn'spartiesatall.

C.ItwillbethefirsttimeforthemantoattendJohn'sparty.

D.ThewomanisgladtobeinvitedtoJohn'shouse-warmingparty.

23.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

听力原文：M:Whenistheassignmentdue?Andwhattypeofreportdoyouwant?

W:Itisdueonthetwentieth.Iexpectafullresearchproject,approximately25pagesinlengthandtyped.

Q:Whoarethetwopeople?

(12)

A.Alawyerandherclient.

B.Aprofessorandastudent.

C.Abossandheremployee.

D.Aneditorandanauthor.

24.

Greatclimatepatternchangeswillalteravailablewaterresources，aswellastheavailabilityofusableagriculturalland

25.听力原文：F:Excuseme,Prof.Bush.ButIwashopingtotalktoyouaboutmyclassprojectforphysics.

M:Ihaveaclassinafewminutes.Whydon'tyoucometoseemeduringofficehoursthisafternoon?

Q:WhenwillthewomandiscussherprojectwithProfBush?

(19)

A.Rightnow.

B.Inthephysicsclass.

C.Aftertheclass.

D.Intheafternoon.

26.(36)

A.Theypaythesamewage.

B.Theyinvolveworkingoutdoors.

C.Theycanbesubstitutedforcollegecourses.

D.They'repart-time.

27.听力原文：W:Doyouknowwhetherthesupergirloflastweekwaspromotedtothestatecompetitionorgoteliminated?

M:Actually,Ihaven'tbeenfollowingherprogressthisweek.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(16)

A.Heisnotinterestedinthecompetition.

B.Hedoesn'tknowifthesupergirlwassuccessful.

C.Hecan'tfollowthestatecompetition.

D.Hethinksthesupergirloflastweekwaseliminated.

28.(29)

A.Bycomputerizedtrafficcontrolandpersonalcomputersathome.

B.Bycomputerizedcashregistersinthestores.

C.Bycomputerizedbillingofcreditcardcompanies.

D.Allofabove.

29.(18)

A.Themanandthewomanwillfliparoundtofindaprogram.

B.ThemanandthewomanwilllookthroughtheTVGuidefirst,

C.Thewomanwillfinishthespecialbeforeswitchingthechannel.

D.ThemanwillwatchaquizshowonChannel14immediately.

30.听力原文：M:You'vespenttoomuchtimedoingcoursework,Mary.Ithinkyoushouldgooutandgetsomefreshair.

W:Thanksfortheadvice.ButthisishowIrelievemystress.I'drathernotgettoofarbehind.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.She'llconsidertheman'sadvice.

B.Shedoesn'thavetimetogooutside.

C.Sheshouldgooutandgetsomefreshair.

D.Shewillfeelstressfulforgettingbehindinherlessons.

31.(26)

A.Regularservice.

B.Overnightexpress.

C.Samedaydelivery.

D.Priorityservice.

32.听力原文：WilliamShakespearewaschristenedinthemarkettownofStratfordonAvon,Warwickshire,onApril26,1564;traditionally;hisactualbirthdaywasthreedaysearlier,onSt.George'sday,thesamedayashisdeathfifty-twoyearslater.Hisfather,John,wasarespectedmiddle-classtrader,andhismother,MaryArden,camefromafamilyoflocallandowners.ItseemsprobablethatyoungWilliamreceivedafaireducation(forhisday)atthelocalGrammarSchool;attheageofeighteenbemarriedagirleightyearsolderthanhimself,AnneHathaway,whogavehimachildthefollowingyearandtwinsin1585.Littleelseisknownofhisearlylife,andsowecannottellwhatmadehimdecidetoleaveStratfordin1586forLondon,wherehestayeduntil1611.InLondonhemustsoonhaveattractedattention,bemuseby1592hewasapopularenoughwriterandactortobelaughedatbyanolderdramatistasanuneducatedJackofalltrades.Heismentionedasbeingamongtheprincipalactorsofthecityasearlyas1598,andin1599wefindthatheisamemberofthecompanyrunningtheGlobeTheater,withone-tenthinterestintheprofits--showingabusinesssenserarelyseeninhisfellowwriters.Hispopularityisindicatedbythefactthatnotonlywerehisownplayspublishedunderhisname,whichwasarareprocedureinhisday,butalsoplaysbyothersaretobefoundattributedtohim,asiftoindicatethathisnamealonewouldpromiseagoodsale.

(33)

A.OnApril26,1611.

B.OnApril23,1611.

C.OnApril26,1616.

D.OnApril23,1616.

33.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

听力原文：Toooftenyoungpeoplegetthemselvesemployedquitebyaccident,notknowingwhatliesinthewayofopportunityforpromotion,happinessandsecurity.Asaresult,theyareemployeddoingjobsthataffordthemalittleornosatisfaction.Ourschoolgraduatesfacesomuchcompetitionthattheyseldomcarewhattheydosolongastheycanearnaliving.Somestaylongata.jobandlearntolikeit,othersmovefromonejobtoanotherlookingforsomethingtosuitthem.Theyounggraduateswholeavetheuniversitylookforjobsthatofferasalaryuptotheirexpectations.Veryfewgooutintotheworldknowingexactlywhattheywantandrealizingtheirownabilities.Thereasondehindallthisconfusionisthatthereneverhasbeenapropervocationalguidanceinoureducationalinstitutions.Nearlyallgropeinthedarkandtheirchiefconcernwhentheylookforajobistoaskwhatthesalaryislike.Theyneverbothertothinkwhethertheyaresuitedforthejobor,evenmoreimportant,whetherthejobsuitsthem.Havingajobismorethanmerelyprovidingyourselfandyourdependentswithdailybreadandsomemoneyforleisureandentertainment.Itsetsapatternoflifeand,inmanyways,determinessocialstatusinlife,selectionoffriends,leisureandinterests.

Inchoosingacareeryoushouldfirstconsiderthetypeofworkwhichwillsuityourinterests.Nothingismoresadthantakingonajobinwhichyouhavenointerest,foritwillnotonlydiscourageyourdesiretosucceedinlifebutalsowasteyourtalentsandultimatelymakeyouanemotionalwreckandabitterperson.

(27)

A.Becausetheywanttoearnhighsalary.

B.Becauseschoolsdonotteachstudentshowtochoosejobs.

C.Becausetherehasbeenseverecompetitioninthejobmarket.

D.Becausetheyhavenoworkingexperience.

34.听力原文：W:Oh,dear!I'mabouttorunoutofmoney.Howam1supposedtogetthroughthenexttwoweekstothismonth?IfonlyIhadamillionairehusband!

M:Don'tworry.Hereisa"Helpwanted"ad.Youwillprovetobetherightpersonforthem.

W:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Thewomanshouldapplyfortheadvertisedjob.

B.Thewomancanhelphimwithhisworkinthenexttwoweeks.

C.Heistherightpersontohelphertopostanad.

D.Hecanfindabetterpayingjobforthewoman.

35.(28)

A.Theysmiletocoverembarrassment.

B.Itisanunusualandevensuspiciousbehavior.

C.Theysmiletoshowpoliteness.

D.Itisanexpressionofpleasure.

36.

【B11】

37.(34)

A.Becauseitispowerfulandaggressive.

B.Becauseit'sacompanionandprotectionbreed.

C.Becausemostpeopleareafraidofit.

D.Becauseitisverysmallandeasytotrain.

38.

【B7】

39.(42)

40.(22)

A.TheseatravelinBritainhasbecomemoreimportant.

B.TheseatravelinBritainhasbecomelessimportant.

C.Themostpreferableform.oftransportinBritainistheseatravel.

D.InBritain,theleastpreferableform.oftransportistheseatravel.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.

Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthecellphonesinquestion?

42.

Man'sattitudetowardscientificdiscoverieshasalwaysbeen______.

A.suspiciousB.undoubtingC.cynicalD.critical

43.WhichofthefollowingmeasureshasbeentakenbyWHOtorestrictalcoholabuse?

A.Crackingdownthealcoholmarket.

B.Taxingalcoholatahigherrate.

C.Banningthemanufactureofhardliquor.

D.Forbiddingadvertisementsonalcohol.

44.Permissiveparentswould______.

A.lettheirchildrenreadanybookstheyliketo

B.notlettheirchildrenseeanyfilmstheyliketo

C.notlettheirchildrenreadanybookswithoutfirstcheckingtheircontents

D.lettheirchildrenseethefilmswiththeirfirstchecking

45.

DuringtheRestoration,ancientinstitutions______.

A.werenolongeracceptedasaviablealternativetowesterntechnology

B.werestudiedonlyasclassicalexamplesofaformergloriouspast

C.weretobethecornerstoneofachangingbuttraditionalsociety

D.wereconsideredasaprimaryreasonforthedeclineoftraditionalChina

46.

Intheauthor'sopinion,______.

A.physiologicalchangeswillforsurebetrayaliar

B.thebiggeralieis,thestrongerthestrainwillbe

C.thedegreeofthestraindependsonthepurposeoflying

D.awell-trainedpersoncantelllieswithoutbeingdetected

47.

Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Teacherswelcometheimpositionoftechnologyuses.

B.Higheradministration'ssupportisthemostcriticaltotheuseofinstrumentaltechnologies.

C.Theteacherusinginstrumentaltechnologiesmayhavelongertenure.

D.Theinstrumentaltechnologiesareeasytouse.

48.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatdevelopmentofTurnitinisdueto______.

A.itssuperbmanagement

B.thethrivingofacademiccheating

C.itsbigelectroniceye

D.thetestofitssoftwarebytheJointInformationSystemsCommittee

49.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton______.

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thewilltoworkforpleasure

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentives

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.

Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefuturework.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanywaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandtheneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?

TheIndustrialAgehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople'sworkhastakentheform.ofjobs.TheIndustrialAgemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadaunting(使人畏缩的)thought.But,infact,itcouldofferabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.

Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremoved,firstbyrailandthenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelovesandtheplacesinwhichtheylove.

Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantage.Inpreindustrialtimes,menandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunity.Nowitbecamecustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttothepaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamiliestohiswife.Taxandbenefitregulationsstillassumethisnormtoday,andrestrictmoreflexiblesharingofworkrolesbetweenthesexes.

Itwasnotonlywomenwhoseworkstatussuffered.Asemploymentbecamethedominantform.ofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.

Allthismaynowhavetochange.Thetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheidealistgoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfulltimejobs.

Researchcarriedoutintherecentopinionpollsshowsthat______.

51.

Inthispassagetheauthorreallyconcerns______.

A.theethicalbehavior.weneedintheworld

B.thenecessityofensuringthetrafficsafety

C.therelationbetweentrafficaccidentsandethics

D.whoshouldtaketheresponsibilityforunsafetraffic

52.Thehouse-owner'sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans______.

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears

B.hedoesn'tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault

D.thecostinvolvedinthefixingshouldbeshared

53.

Thereporttracked44trends,amongwhich28were______.

54.

Thepassageintendsto______.

A.advocatetheuseofprivatecars

B.bantheuseofprivatecarsinsomeplaces

C.encouragepeopletomakethestreetsmoreaccessibletochildren

D.buildmorestreetsforchildrentouse

55.

Nowscientistshavefoundinthepastfewyears______.

A.theexposureofDNAtothepublicisunnecessary

B.thetinycellinDNAisaneatlittlemachine

C.manknowsnothingaboutDNA

D.manhasmuchtolearnaboutDNA

56.

Theauthormentionsthechildren'sbehavior.inthelastparagraphto______.

A.improvetheeffectivenessofrewards

B.explainwhatisbehaviorism

C.showrewardsmaynotachievetheexpectedpurpose

D.provideevidencetorewardingsystem

57.

Thephrase"tobreakeven"(Line7,Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.

A.toupsetthephysicalenergybalance

B.todisturbthecalmnessofthebody

C.togainagreaterprofitthanaloss

D.tomakeneitheraprofitnoraloss

58.

ItmaybeimpliedfromthepassagethatCUNY'sstudentsaverages______.

A.wasinthetop7%inthecountry

B.arestillverylower

C.arebreakingintothetopthird

D.haverisendramatically

59.(57)

60.

Howcanwetellwhichkindofpapercanberecycled?

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.

【S6】

62.

【S9】

63.

【S4】

64.Everyartistsknowsinhisheartthatheissayingsomethingtothe【S1】______

public.Notonlyhewanttosayitwell,buthewantsittobesomething【S2】______

whichhasbeensaidbefore.Hehopesthepublicwilllistenand

understand--hewantstoteachthem,andhewantsthemtolearnfrom

them.【S3】______

Whatvisualartistsaspainterswanttoteachiseasytomake【S4】______

upbutdifficulttoexplain,becausepainterstranslatetheirexperiences

intoshapesandcolors,notwords.Theyseemtofeelthatacertain

selectionofshapesandcolors,outofthecountlessbillionspossibleis【S5】______

exceptionalinterestingforthemandworthshowingtous.Without

theirworkweshouldneverhavenoticedtheseparticularshapesand【S6】______

colors,orfeltthedelightwhichtheybroughttotheartists.【S7】______

Themostartiststaketheirshapesandcolorsfromtheworldofnature

andfromhumanbodiesinmotionandrepose;theirchoicesindicatethat

theseaspectsoftheworldareworthlookingat,thattheycontainbeautiful

sights.Contemporaryartistsmightsaythattheymerelychoosesubjects【S8】______

thatprovideaninterestingpattern,thatthereissomethingmoreinit.Yet【S9】______

eventheydonotchooseentirelywithreferencetothecharacterof

theirsubjects.

Ifonepainterchoosestopaintagangrenouslegandanothera【S10】______

lakeinmoonlight,eachofthemaredirectingourattentiontoacertain

aspectoftheworld.Eachpainteristellingussomething,showingus

something,emphasizingsomething-allofwhichmeansthat,

consciouslyorunconsciously,heistryingtoteachus.

【S1】

65.

【S3】

五、6.Translation(5题)66.Hefeltveryembarrassed______(就在遇见前妻的一刹那)．

67.Allmylife____________________(我梦想去意大利).

68._________________(我认为你在主任面前卖弄你懂得更多知识不明智),foritmayoffendhim.

69._______________________(如果我是你的话),Iwouldhaveacceptedsuchanoffergivenbythemanager.

70.______(对于过惯了都市生活的人来说),theshifttocountrysidemustbehard.

参考答案

1.B解析：由文中第二段的"It'snotacitythathasgrownupaccidentallyasmostbigcitieshavedone．Itwascarefullyplannedasthenation'scapitalbyFrench-man，PierreL'Enfant."可知，Washington，D.C.的形成是有规划、有设计蓝图的。因此，此种说法是错误的。

2.habitatdestructionanddegradation

3.hypothyroidismhypothyroidism解析：空白处需要名词性成分。本题考查的是病症与病名之间的关系；而原文中的句子则是用比较的方法对疾病的症状进行说明，故可先将题目与原文中的病名和病症对应起来，答案为hypothyroidism。

4.oratorsorators解析：空白处应为名词(词组)。原文该句中的强调句itwastheoratorswhoruled表明古罗马的统治者是ora-tors，因此本题应填写orators一词。

5.HomeostasisHomeostasis解析：文章第七自然段最后一句说明此点。此句是对体内平衡一词的解释。

6.protectpartnersfromAIDSprotectpartnersfromAIDS解析：本题定位信息是Dr.PeterDiot和ARVs，从而将答案出处定位到文章第八段。该段介绍了一组将ARVs用于防止艾滋病传播的试验，目的是为了证明usingARVsbeforeexposuretoHIVmayhavethesameeffectinprotectingpartners。Dr.PeterDiot显然支持这种推测，根据题干语法要求，应将原文中的动名词转换为动词原形。

7.A解析：细节题。根据题目中的afterselectingyourtools找到小标题OffsiteStorage下第三段第一句Onceyouselectyourtoolsandasuitablemedium,youneedtofindaremoteplacetostoreyourbackups.(选好工具和合适的媒介之后，你需要找个远点儿的地方存放备份。)答案是A。

8.fossilfuels。fossilfuels。解析：本题涉及天然气和石油都不能再生的原因。小标题Disadvantage下第三段首句Finally，itshouldbenotedthatnaturalgas，likegasoline，isafossilfuelandcannotbeconsideredarenewableresource为答案出处。题干将原文的并列句转换为了一个因果关系的主从句。

9.ImprovementsinthehealthofthepeopleofAfricaandthehealthofwomenImprovementsinthehealthofthepeopleofAfricaandthehealthofwomen解析：文章第二段在Chan的演讲词中明确提到了评价世界卫生组织工作的重要指标。“ImprovementsinthehealthofthepeopleofAfricaandthehealthofwomenarekeyindicatorsoftheperformanceofWHO．”

10.D解析：原文该段第2句指出It'slikePhotoshop…，结合上一句可以找到It指代的是Auto-Tune，由此可见，本题应选D。

11.talkshowtalkshow解析：参见“TheBBC'sEfforts”部分第三段第二句：Itsapproachtoethnicminoritiesusedtobeaboringtalk-showaboutdiscriminationlateatnight...

12.fear。fear。解析：根据题干信息词peoplewithsocialanxietydisorderhave定位到最后一段第二句...peoplewithsocialanxiety..."intense,persistent,andchronicfearof..."，分析句子结构可知intense,persistent,andchronic为fear的定语，该题空格前为a，故答案为fear。

13.B解析：根据文章1个小标题APopulationGrowth下面的第2段：ThePopulationDivisionoftheUnitedNationspredictsthattheworld'spopulationwillincreasefrom6.23billionpeoplein2000to9.3billionpeoplein2050．由此可见九十三亿人口是2050年的情况，所以本题的答案为N。

14.B解析：“Jim，however，placedthecreditelsewhere.Hisparents，anengineerandaneducator，covertlytutoredhimintraditionalmath”从jim的父母偷偷教他传统数学这一事，我们可以得知他们对学校现行的数学教育是很不满意的。

15.timetime解析：根据题干中的信息词shortcomings和unfortunately定位到第三个小标题下的倒数第二段，可知美国人的缺点很多，而不幸的是，时间还在和他们作对，再结合上文可知，此处意为美国人在理科上的缺点很多，而他们自己却没有意识到那些缺点，这使得他们耽误了保住理科领先地位的时间，由此可得答案。

16.rainwaterrunoffandgroundwaterseepagerainwaterrunoffandgroundwaterseepage解析：该段第一句指出用磷酸盐和硝酸盐做肥料能够引起其他问题。第二句就举例说明了所导致的问题。该句中的Enteringriversviarainwaterrunoffandgroundwaterseepage,thesechemicalscancauseeutrophication直接给了导致超营养作用的是Enteringriversviarainwaterrunoffandgroundwaterseepage，其中by=via。

17.B解析：本题十分容易定位，但解题的关键在于弄清整句话表达的意思。句中的bewaryof的意思是“提防”，outof的意思是“由于”。根据原文提到的“约翰·巴特利越来越提防谷歌”，再加上speakingformany(可理解为“代表着许多用户的意见”)可知，选项B正是对该句的同义转述：而选项C中的persistin是“坚持，一如既往”的意思，这与原文约翰·巴特利的担忧不相符，故错误。所以，本题答案为B。

18.thoughtunitsthoughtunits解析：根据关键词eye-span查读小标题BasicConditionsforIncreasedReadingRate下面第三项内容的最后一句话Sincewrittenmaterialislessmeaningfulifreadwordbyword，thiswillhelpyoulearntoreadbyphrasesorthoughtunits．

19.themanwasathiefthemanwasathief解析：在本文的第六段中提到：“当一个青年在他位于米鑫街上的阿拉斯加特产商店里扒窃后，准备逃走时，埃默里紧跟其后，飞快跟上。在圣约翰教堂人口的门前的人行道上他抓住了这个坏家伙，把他按住，直到有人来支援”。这说明：埃默里追赶并抓获那个青年的原因是那人是个贼——ayoungmanshoplifted(在商店进行货物扒窃)something。

20.A解析：文章第二部分谈到当今美国对“竞技塑造品格”这一传统思想提出了挑战，Today'sUSathleteisthuscontenttobeanentertainerTryingtodosomethingsociallyconstructive,likebeingarolemodel,willmakeyouseemoverearnestandprobablyhurtyourstreetcredibility