2022届陕西省西安市周至县高三一模英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页周至县2021～2022学年度高考第一次模拟考试英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;4.考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一谝。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atasubwaystation.B.Atanairport.C.Inataxi.2.Whywasthewomansolate?A.Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.B.Shetooksomebodytohospital.C.Shedidn’tcatchthebus.3.Whatisthewomanadvisedtodowithherhair?A.Cutitshorter.B.Changeitscolor.C.Makeitstraight.4.Whenwillthegoodsarrive?A.OnFebruary16.B.OnFebruary17.C.OnFebruary19.5.Howmuchdoesoneticketcost?A.$20.B.$22.5.C.$25.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Helpherwithcooking.B.Addsomewater.C.Tastethesoup.7.Wherewillthespeakersprobablyeat?A.InaChineserestaurant.B.Athome.C.Inthepark.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Upset.B.Excited.C.Delighted.9.Whydidthemanfailhisexam?A.Hedidn’tprepareforit.B.Hehadn’tworkedhardbefore.C.Thequestionsweretoodifficult.10.Whatwillthewomandoifshefailsanexaminhercountry?A.Paymoney.B.Taketheexamagain.C.Retakethewholecourse.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.Whatkindofroomdidthemanbook?A.Aluxurydoubleroom.B.Annon-smokingroom.C.Asingleroomwithabath.12.Wherecanyoufindtheswimmingpool?A.Onthe2ndfloor.B.Onthe3rdfloor.C.Onthetopfloor.13.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheservice?A.It’sunacceptable.B.It’sexpensive.C.It’swonderful.14.Howlongdoesbreakfasttimelast?A.Onehourandahalf.B.Twohoursandahalf.C.Threehours.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Howdoesthewomangotoworkthesedays?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.16.Whatwasthewomantwoyearsago?A.Acityplanner.B.Acompany’sboss.C.Alandscapegardener.17.Whydidthewomanchangeherjoblastyear?A.Toworkatauniversity.B.Tostartherownbusiness.C.Tospendmoretimewithherfamily.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatcanlistenersdoonthegroundfloor?A.Buysomesouvenirs.B.WatchvideosofUFOsightings.C.SpeaktoDr.Charles.19.Whatisonthefirstfloor?A.Acoffeeshop.B.Alibrary.C.Aphotostudio.20.Whatareavailableatthereceptiondesk?A.Guidebooks.B.Filmtickets.C.Gifts.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATherearemanymoviesthatyoucanfocusonifyouwanttoimprovethewayyouarelearning.Chooseoneofthemoviesbelowandtheresultswillbegreatintheend!TheKing’sSpeechTheKing'sSpeechtellsthestoryofamanforcedtospeaktotheworldwithastammer(口吃).Thatmovieisfilledwithlotsofencouraginginformationandisawonderfulmovieforthosewholovelanguageclasses.InsideJobInsideJobisanOscar-winningfilmbyCharlesFerguson.Itprovidesadetailedanalysisoftheglobalfinancialcrisisof2008.whichcausedmillionsofpeopletolosetheirjobsandhomesintheworsteconomicdownturnsincetheGreatDepression.It'samovieforstudentswhowanttolearnmoreabouttheeconomicmarket.WhiplashWhiplashisastoryofayoungdrummerwhowantstorealisehisdreamsalthoughhedoesn'treceiveanyhelpfromthepeoplearoundhim.It\saninterestingmoviethatwillhelpartstudentsbetterunderstandhowmuchhardworkcanhelpthemrealisetheirdreams.ABeautifulMindABeautifulMindisa2001AmericanfilmbasedonthelifeofJohnNash,aNobelPrizewinnerwithschizophrenia(精神分裂症).Itfollowshisjourneyfromthepointwhereheisnotevenawarehehasschizophrenia,tothepointwhereNashandhiswifefindawaytomanagehiscondition.Itincludessomeinterestingphysicselementsthatwillhelpyouquitealot.1.Whichfilmwillyouchooseifyouareinterestedineconomicdevelopment?A.TheKing’sSpeech. B.InsideJob.C.Whiplash. D.ABeautifulMind.2.WhatmayWhiplashbringtoartstudents?A.Makingefforts. B.Askingforhelp.C.Keepinganinterest. D.Beingunderstandable.3.WhatisspecialaboutABeautifulMind?A.Itfocusesoninterestingscenicspots.B.Itdescribestheprogressinmedicine.C.Itisbasedonthestoryofarealperson.D.ItrecordstheselectionofNobelPrizewinners.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了有助于提高学习的四部影片。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据InsideJob中的“It'samovieforstudentswhowanttolearnmoreabouttheeconomicmarket.(这是一部影片，适合于想更多了解经济市场的学生)”可知，对经济发展感兴趣的人可以观看这个影片。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Whiplash中的“It’saninterestingmoviethatwillhelpartstudentsbetterunderstandhowmuchhardworkcanhelpthemrealisetheirdreams.(这是一部有趣的影片，可以帮助艺术学生较好理解辛苦的工作有助于实现他们的梦想)”可知，这部影片让艺术学生深刻理解努力付出的重要性。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ABeautifulMind中的“ABeautifulMindisa2001AmericanfilmbasedonthelifeofJohnNash,aNobelPrizewinnerwithschizophrenia(精神分裂症).(ABeautifulMind是2001年的美国影片，以患有精神分裂症的诺贝尔奖获得者JohnNash的真实生活为依据)”可知，这部影片的特殊之处在于以真实人物的生活为依据。故选C。BWorldhistoryhasseenthreeancientdramas:Greektragedyandcomedy;IndianSanskritdrama;andChineseopera.ThefirsttwohavebecomehistoricalandonlyChineseoperahassurvived.Chineseoperatookshapeinthe12thcentury.Afterdevelopingformorethan800yearsitsabundantlocalstylesofoperaarestillenjoyinggreatpopularity,ofwhichQinqiangisoneofthemostancientoperas.Qinqiangoperaisathousand-year-oldlocaloperaoriginatinginChina'sinlandnorthwesternregion.Ithasestablishedauniquetraditionasan“operashoutedout"withitshigh-pitchedarias(高音唱腔）。LiMeihaswonareputationasoneofthefourgreatestQinqiangactresses.She'salsoknownforherpassionatecommitmenttoexploringthetheatricalpossibilitiesofferedbyQinqiang.LiMeiandherworkmatesarehalfwaythroughanafternoonrehearsal(排练）andmosthavebrokenintoasweat.Singinginanear-whisper,theforty-year-oldoperastarperformsthestylizedmovementsfortheleadingrole-thebitterdeadLadyLiHuinianginGhost'sHate.LittlewonderthatLiMeiissuchapowerfulpresenceonstage.She'sthegreatestcontributoryactresswho'sabletointerpretacharactersopersuasivelyandtellastorysoconvincinglythatEuropeanaudienceswarmlyhugthisunfamiliarartform.LiMeisaid,“WeperformedthisoperaintheNetherlandstocelebratethetenthanniversaryofthefoundingofHolland'sNationalTheatre.Weenjoyedafifteen-minutecurtaincallandtheaudiencesapplaudedwildlyforalongtime.Thelocalpressentitledmethe'NemesisoftheOrient'andthe'ChineseVenus'.Whyisthatso?Becausethey'vefullyunderstoodwhattheoperaimplied－theloyaltytowardslove,anddeadasshemaybe,herlovepersists.Thereasonwhythisoperawasabletotouchmillionsofheartsisthatithasabeautifulstorypresentedbyabeautifulartform.”4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChineseoperafromthepassage?A.ItmadehistorywithancientGreekoperas.B.Itconsistsofvariousdynamiclocaloperas.C.IthasahistoryshorterthanIndianSanskritdrama.D.ItoriginatedfromthemostancientlocalQinqiangopera.5.WhatisthegreatestfeatureofQinqiangoperaaccordingtothepassage?A.Thespiritedhightone.B.Thenorthwesternorigin.C.Thestylizedmovement.D.Thepopularcurtaincall.6.WhyisGhost'sHatestarringLiMeilovedbyforeigners?A.Becauseitsstoryiseasytobefullyunderstoodbyforeigners.B.BecauseitsleadingroleLiMeiisfamousasthe“ChineseVenus”。C.Becauseitconveysthepopularmessageofloyaltytowardslove.DBecauseitisaperfectcombinationoftouchingplotandattractiveform.7.WhatisLiMei'sgreatestcontributiontoQinqiangopera?A.ShewonareputationasoneofthefourgreatestQinqiangactresses.B.ShebroughtLiHuiniang,thebitterdeadLadyinGhost'sHatetolife.C.SheexploredmanytheatricalpossibilitiesofferedbyQinqiangopera.D.ShespreadoneofChinesetraditionalculturestotheothersideoftheworld.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国有名的戏剧秦腔及其特点，以及把秦腔带出国门的女艺术家LiMei和秦腔在国外反响热烈。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Afterdevelopingformorethan800years,itsabundantlocalstylesofoperaarestillenjoyinggreatpopularity,ofwhichQinqiangisoneofthemostancientoperas.（经过800多年的发展，其丰富的地方戏曲风格仍然深受欢迎，其中秦腔是最古老的戏曲之一。）”可知，中国戏曲由各种充满活力的地方戏曲组成。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Ithasestablishedauniquetraditionasan“operashoutedout"withitshigh-pitchedarias(高音唱腔）（它建立了一种独特的传统，就像一场带有高音咏叹调的“歌剧呐喊”）”可知，秦腔独特在与众不同的高音唱腔。故选A。6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thereasonwhythisoperawasabletotouchmillionsofheartsisthatithasabeautifulstorypresentedbyabeautifulartform.（这部歌剧能够打动数百万人的心，是因为它以一种美丽的艺术形式呈现了一个美丽的故事。）”可知，因为优美的故事情节和出色的艺术形式，国外观众也被深深打动。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“She'sthegreatestcontributoryactresswho'sabletointerpretacharactersopersuasivelyandtellastorysoconvincinglythatEuropeanaudienceswarmlyhugthisunfamiliarartform.（她是最伟大的贡献女演员，她能够如此有说服力地诠释一个角色，如此有说服力地讲述一个故事，欧洲观众热情拥抱这个陌生的艺术形式。）”可知，李梅对秦腔最大的贡献是她把中国的一种传统文化传播到了世界的另一端。故选D。CAccordingtoTheStraitsTimes,manywildanimalshaverecentlyskippedontoemptystreetsinmanycities.InSpain,awildboarclimbeddownthehillsandwanderedaroundBarcelona.SikadeernosedtheirwayaroundthedesertedmetrostationsofNarainJapan.AstagraninthecapitalofthenorthernstateofUttarakhandinIndia.“Itiscertainlygreatnewsforspecies,”MarceloGiagnoni,theheadofChile’sagriculturalandlivestockservice,toldAFP.“Thisisthehabitattheyoncehadandthatwe’vetakenawayfromthem.”Hundredsofyearsago,peoplelivedinharmonywithwildlife.Theysharednaturalresourcesfromsunlighttowaterandfromforeststoland.Butashumanbeingsevolvedandformedtheirowncivilizations,theyjostledwithanimalsformorespaceandresources.Gradually,humanbeingscametoloseconnectionwithnature.Moreskyscrapershavebeenbuilttomeettheneedsoftheflockofpeopleinthecities,whichdroveawaymanywildanimalsfromtheirhabitats.However,therecentlockdownofcitiesduringthepandemicgivesachanceof“freeingaspaceforotheranimals”andreflectingonourrelationshipwithnature,accordingtoAFP.Stuckindoors,withtheirworldsreducedtoafewsquaremeters,urbanpeoplehavesuddenlybecomeenthusiasticbirdwatchers.Britishornithologist(鸟类学者)DavidLindo,whoisknownasthe“urbanbirder”,hasbeenpostingandlivestreamingbirdshespotsfromtheroofofthebuildinginSpainwherehehasbeenquarantined(隔离).“Theskyisagreatarena,anythingcanflypastand,attheveryleast,itwillgiveyoupeace.Mymessageissimple:keeplookingup,”hetoldCTVNews.JustasAFPnoted,rightnow“themostimportantphenomenonperhapsisourrelationshipwithnatureischanging—withpeoplelockedupintheirhomesrealizinghowmuchtheymissnature”.Thoughthelockdownmaybetemporary,it’stimeforustoreflectuponourrelationshipwiththeenvironment.AsAFPputit,“peopleshouldalwayshaveaneedofnature”.Bymissingnature,humansmaycometorespect—andliveinharmonywith—natureonceagain.8.WhatcanweinferfromMarceloGiagnoni’sstatements?A.Wildanimalshavewanderedaroundstreets. B.Humanshavetomoveawayfromtheirhabitat.C.Wildspecieswereforcedtofleetheirhome. D.Itisgoodforhumanstogetbacktheirland.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jostle”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Push. B.Struggle. C.Creat. D.Discuss.10.WhatcanhumansgetfromthelockdownofcitiesaccordingtoAFP?A.Havingeasyaccesstofreespace. B.Gettingacloserlookathistory.C.Thinkingaboutthebondwithnature. D.Livinginharmonywiththeirfamilies.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TemporaryQuarantine B.TheHarmonyofNature C.KeepLookingup D.WildlifeMovesin【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了当人类因为疫情隔离在家时，动物开始重新出现在街道，而这里曾是他们的家园，是因为人类的发展才迫使他们离开，因此人类需要重新思考和自然的关系，学习和自然和谐相处。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Itiscertainlygreatnewsforspecies,”MarceloGiagnoni,theheadofChile’sagriculturalandlivestockservice,toldAFP.“Thisisthehabitattheyoncehadandthatwe’vetakenawayfromthem.””（“这对物种来说无疑是个好消息，”智利农业和畜牧业服务部门负责人马塞洛·贾格诺尼告诉法新社。“这是它们曾经拥有的栖息地，而我们却夺走了它们的栖息地。”）可知，我们能从马塞洛·贾格诺尼的陈述中推断出野生物种被迫逃离家园。故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中的“Butashumanbeingsevolvedandformedtheirowncivilizations,”（但随着人类进化并形成了自己的文明）以及下文“Gradually,humanbeingscametoloseconnectionwithnature.”（渐渐地，人类与自然失去了联系。）故可猜测，划线单词jostle为“竞争，争夺”的意思，结合选项B项Struggle“争夺，争抢”意思一致。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“However,therecentlockdownofcitiesduringthepandemicgivesachanceof“freeingaspaceforotheranimals”andreflectingonourrelationshipwithnature,accordingtoAFP.”（然而，据法新社报道，最近疫情期间的城市封锁提供了一个“为其他动物腾出空间”的机会，并反思我们与自然的关系。）可知，据法新社报道，人类能从城市封锁中思考与自然的联系。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“AccordingtoTheStraitsTimes,manywildanimalshaverecentlyskippedontoemptystreetsinmanycities.”（据《海峡时报》报道，最近许多城市的空旷街道上都出现了许多野生动物。）说明本文是一则新闻，文章开头第一段为新闻导语，指出了很多动物开始出现在空旷的街道上。故本文的合适标题是：野生动物来了。故选D项。DWithlowtemperatures,radiationandhigh-energyparticles,thevacuumofspaceisnothingbutharsh(严酷的).Canyouimaginespendingsixhourwalkinginspace?Chineseastronautsdidjustthatontheirlatestspacewalk.OnAug20,ChineseastronautsLiuBomingandNieHaishengwentoutonthesecondspacewalkoftheShenzhouXIImission,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.Thepairsetupandadjustedequipment,showedtheirspacesuitsandtestedthelargeroboticarmandotherspacewalk-relateddevices.Despitetheastronauts’skill,spacewalkingisachallengingtask.Luckily,theirbulky(臃肿的)spacesuitsprotectthem.Aspacesuitislikeasmallspacestation.Ithaseverythingastronautsneedwhentheycarryoutaspacewalk.China’sFeitianspacesuitshavesixlayers.Theinnermostlayercollectsastronauts’urine(尿液).Therearealsofourlayersthathelpcontrolthetemperatureandairpressureinsidethesuit.Spacesuitsarefilledwithair,sotheylooklikethey’repuffedup(膨胀).Thesixthlayerismadeofspecialfibersthatcoverastronautsfromradiation,accordingtoThePaper.Astronautsareconnectedtothespacestationwithsafetyropes.Thesuithasheadphonesandspeakersforastronautstocommunicate.Thereisalsoamirroronthewristthatastronautscanusetochecktheirsuits.ThefirstFeitiansuitwasmadein2008.ZhaiZhigangworeittocarryoutChina’sfirstspacewalk,whichlastedabout19minutes.ThesuitsChineseastronautsweartodayarethesecondgenerationofFeitian.Theycansupportlongerwalkslastinguptoeighthoursandcanbeusedmoreoften.Thefirstgenerationcouldonlybeusedfivetimeswithintwoyears,whilethesecondgenerationcanbeused15timeswithinthreeyears.Eachsuitcostsaround30millionyuan,andittakesfourmonthstomakejustoneaccordingtoIfengNews.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheChineseastronauts’latestspacewalkfromthetext?A.ItwasChina’sfirstspacewalk.B.Itlastedatotalofsixhours.C.Itwascarriedoutthisspring.D.Itwascompletedbythreeastronauts.13.HowwereChina’sFeitianspacesuitsdesignedtoprotectastronauts?ATheyincludefivelayerswithdifferentfunctions.B.Theinnermostlayeradjuststhetemperature.C.Threeotherlayerscontrolairpressureinsidethesuit.D.Theoutermostlayerprotectsastronautsfromradiation.14.Accordingtothetext,whatdoChineseastronautsneedwhencarryingoutspacewalks?passf.safetyropesA.acdf. B.abef. C.abcf. D.cdef.15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.DisadvantagesofthefirstFeitiansuit.B.TheprocessofmakingthesecondFeitiansuit.C.NewtechnologyappliedtothesecondFeitiansuit.D.DistinctionsbetweenthetwogenerationsofFeitiansuits.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最近一次的太空行走和飞天航天服的作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Canyouimaginespendingsixhourwalkinginspace?Chineseastronautsdidjustthatontheirlatestspacewalk.”（你能想象花六个小时在太空行走吗？中国宇航员在最近的太空行走中就是这样做的。）可知，在中国宇航员最近的一次太空行走中，他们在太空中整整行走了六个小时的时间，由此可知，关于中国宇航员最近一次的太空行走，我们能从文章中得知这次行走总共持续了六个小时。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“China’sFeitianspacesuitshavesixlayers.”（中国飞天宇航服有六层。）和“Thesixthlayerismadeofspecialfibersthatcoverastronautsfromradiation,accordingtoThePaper.”（据报道，第六层是由特殊纤维制成的，可以保护宇航员免受辐射。）可知，中国飞天宇航服有六层，第六层，也就是最外面的一层可以保护宇航员免受辐射，由此可知，中国飞天宇航服的最外层可以保护宇航员免受辐射。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Astronautsareconnectedtothespacestationwithsafetyropes.Thesuithasheadphonesandspeakersforastronautstocommunicate.Thereisalsoamirroronthewristthatastronautscanusetochecktheirsuits.”（宇航员用安全绳与空间站相连。宇航服配有耳机和扬声器，供宇航员交流。手腕上还有一面镜子，宇航员可以用来检查他们的宇航服。）可知，中国宇航员在进行太空行走时需要用安全绳与空间站相连，需要用耳机和扬声器进行交流，需要用镜子来检查他们的宇航服，这四项物品与选项中的“abcf”一致。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读最后两段内容，结合最后一段关键句“Thefirstgenerationcouldonlybeusedfivetimeswithintwoyears,whilethesecondgenerationcanbeused15timeswithinthreeyears.”（第一代在两年内只能使用五次，而第二代在三年内可以使用15次。）可知，文章最后两段主要介绍了两代航天服的区别，例如第一代航天服在两年内只能使用五次，而第二代航天服在三年内可以使用15次，“DistinctionsbetweenthetwogenerationsofFeitiansuits.”意为“两代飞天航天服的区别”，能够概括最后两段的内容。故选D项。第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swap,Don’tshop!Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn’tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahugeamountofnaturalresourcestomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing(orthrowingoutoldclothing)isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?____16____.It’sthebestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuchfunithas.It’sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.●Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.____17____,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.●Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition.____18____.●Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots.____19____,sopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbethateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthemon.●Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay“go”,orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever.____20____.Anddon’tforgettoputoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it’saparty!A.LesspeoplethanthatB.HoldaclothingswapC.IftwopeoplearecompetingD.JustkeepmusicplayingthroughoutE.DonatewhatevergoodsareleftoverF.PlaceafewmirrorsaroundyourroomG.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir“new”clotheshome【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。提出了交换衣物的一些建议。【16题详解】上文“Sowhattodowithallthoseperfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?(那么，该怎么处理堆在卧室地板上的那些挺不错但有点厌倦的衣服呢？)”提出如何处理不想要的衣物的问题，接下来应给出方案，B项“举办衣物交换”符合题意。故选B。【17题详解】这里与句中的“morethanthat”对应，结合空后的“andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoosefrom(可能没有足够的东西可供选择)”可知，这里讲述的是人少的情况，A项“少于这个人数”符合题意。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition.(告诉每个人带上干净的、完好无损的衣服。)”讲述了对要带过来的衣物的要求，G项“他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把他们的‘新’衣服带回家”讲述了为带走衣物作准备，承接上文，且该项中的They指代上文中的everyone。故选G。【19题详解】空后“sopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon(这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子)”讲述了可以看到穿戴效果，由此可知，这里是说要准备镜子。F项“在你的房间放几面镜子”符合题意。故选F。【20题详解】D项中的“music”照应上句中的“song”。另外，本段中的“Remember,it’saparty!(记住，这是一个派对！)”表示把衣物交换办成一个派对活动，派对上要有音乐、食物和饮料，所以D项“只需一直播放音乐”符合题意。故选D。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ifyouwanttoachieveyourdream,thereisnochoicebuthardwork.Onceuponatimeaboyin____21____clothesfullofpatchesrantoaskasuccessfulbuildingcontractor(承包商)onaconstructionsite,“HowcouldIbecomeas____22____asyouwhenIgrowup?”Witha____23____attheboy,thecontractorresponded,“Thereisastoryaboutthreediggers.Thefirstdiggerlikedholdingaspadewithoutdoinganythingbutsaythathewantedtobea(n)____24____inthefuture.Thesecondalwaysliked____25____abouttheworkandhislow____26____.Thethirddiggerliked____27____devotinghimselftodigging.Manyyearslater,thefirstwasstillholdinghisspadeinthe____28____placeandthesecondlookedforanexcuseforearly____29____.Onlythethirdbecameaboss.Doyouunderstandthe_____30_____ofthisstory?Justgotopurchasea_____31_____shirtandworkhard.”Thelittleboywas_____32_____.Soheaskedthecontractortoexplainfurther._____33_____theworkingbuilders,thecontractorreplied,“Lookatmyworkers!Ican’trememberalltheirnames,andevenIhaveno_____34_____ofsomeofthem.Mostofthemwearblueshirts.Butifyoulook_____35_____,youwillnoticeasunburnedmaninred.Heseemstobeworkingharderthanothers.Heisalwaysthefirstonetoarrivewhilethelastonetoleave.Itisexactlyhisredshirtthatmakeshim_____36_____.Soonhewillbe_____37_____tomyassistant.Youknow,thatisalsohowIgetwhereIamnow.Iworkedhardandworeastripedshirt.Myboss_____38_____me.Ialsobecamewhathewaslikeeventually.”Successcanonly_____39_____action.Workinghardisallwinners’shared_____40_____forachievingtheirdreams.21.A.formal B.new C.ragged D.elegant22.A.strong B.wealthy C.creative D.responsible23.A.hit B.wave C.shout D.glance24.A.boss B.architect C.assistant D.designer25.A.explaining B.complaining C.thinking D.learning26.A.salary B.intelligence C.spirit D.ability27.A.obviously B.freely C.quietly D.angrily28.A.suitable B.ideal C.remote D.original29.A.retirement B.payment C.arrival D.development30.A.importance B.moral C.quality D.people31.A.brown B.yellow C.red D.blue32.A.embarrassed B.disappointed C.grateful D.puzzled33.A.Pointingto B.Comingto C.Speakingto D.Referringto34.A.description B.impression C.expression D.information35.A.doubtfully B.frequently C.carefully D.regularly36.A.giveout B.standout C.turnout D.figureout37.A.sent B.refused C.promoted D.fired38.A.noticed B.scolded C.ignored D.praised39.A.comeabout B.accountfor C.sufferfrom D.resultfrom40.A.experience B.reward C.attempt D.consequence【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.C38.A39.D40.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个男孩向一个成功的建筑承包商请教成功的秘诀，这个承包商告诉他努力是所有赢家实现梦想的必经之路。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从前，一个穿着满是补丁的破烂衣服的男孩跑去问一个建筑工地上成功的建筑承包商：“我长大后怎么能像你一样富有？”A.formal正规的；B.new新的；C.ragged破旧的，褴褛的；D.elegant优美的。根据空后的“fullofpatches”可知，小男孩衣衫褴褛。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.strong强壮的；B.wealthy富裕的；C.creative创造性的；D.responsible负责的。根据上文中的“asuccessfulbuildingcontractor(承包商)”可知，这位承包商很成功，所以他很有钱。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：承包商瞥了一眼男孩，回答道。A.hit击，打；B.wave挥手；C.shout呼喊；D.glance一瞥。根据第二段中的“rantoask”可知，男孩是跑过去询问承包商的，这引起了承包商的注意，所以承包商应是先瞥一眼这个男孩。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个挖掘者喜欢拿着铁锹什么也不做，只说他将来想当老板。A.boss老板；B.architect建筑师；C.assistant助理；D.designer设计师。根据下文中的“becameaboss”可知，这里是boss的原词复现。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二个挖掘者总是喜欢抱怨工作和他的工资低。A.explaining解释；B.complaining抱怨；C.thinking认为；D.learning学习。空后的“abouttheworkandhislow____6____”表明这里是抱怨工作和工资低。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.salary工资；B.intelligence智力；C.spirit精神；D.ability能力。根据空前的“low”并结合选项，这里是说低工资。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：第三个挖掘者喜欢安静地致力于挖掘。A.obviously显然地；B.freely自由地；C.quietly安静地；D.angrily生气地。根据前两句“Thefirstdiggerlikedholdingaspadewithoutdoinganythingbutsay...Thesecondalwaysliked...(第一个挖掘者喜欢拿着铁锹什么也不做，只说他将来想当老板。第二个挖掘者总是喜欢抱怨工作和他的工资低。)”可知，相比于第一个挖掘者只说大话却不干活和第二个挖掘者总是抱怨，第三个挖掘者是在安静地做事情。故选C。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多年后，第一个挖掘者仍然在原来的地方拿着铁锹，第二个则为提前退休寻找借口。A.suitable合适的；B.ideal理想的；C.remote遥远的；D.original原来的。根据句中的“wasstillholdinghisspade”可知，这里是说第一个挖掘者和多年前一样，在老地方干着同样的事情。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.retirement退休；B.payment支付；C.arrival到达；D.development发展。根据空前的“lookedforanexcuseforearly”可知，这里是说找借口提前退休。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你明白这个故事的寓意吗？A.importance重要；B.moral寓意；C.quality品质；D.people人们。根据上文“Thereisastoryaboutthreediggers.(有一个关于三个挖掘者的故事。)”可知，讲三个挖掘者的故事是为了告诉男孩故事的寓意。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去买一件红衬衫，然后努力工作。A.brown棕色的；B.yellow黄色的；C.red红色的；D.blue蓝色的。根据下文中的“hisredshirt”可知，这里是red的原词复现。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小男孩很困惑。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.disappointed失望的；C.grateful感激的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据下句“Soheaskedthecontractortoexplainfurther.(因此，他请求承包商进一步解释。)”可知，小男孩没有明白承包商的意思。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：承包商指着正在施工的建筑工人回答说。A.Pointingto指向；B.Comingto来到；C.Speakingto对……说话；D.Referringto谈及。根据下文中的“Lookatmyworkers!(看看我的工人！)”可知，这里是用手指着工人。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记不清他们所有的名字，我甚至对其中一些人没有印象。A.description描述；B.impression印象；C.expression表达；D.information信息。根据句中的“Ican’trememberalltheirnames”和空前的“even”可知，承包商对一些人没印象。故选B。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仔细观察，你会注意到一个被晒伤的红衣男子。A.doubtfully怀疑地；B.frequently频繁地；C.carefully小心地，仔细地；D.regularly定期地。根据上句“Mostofthemwearblueshirts.(他们大多穿蓝色衬衫。)”和空后的“youwillnoticeasunburnedmaninred”可知，在穿蓝色的工人中看到一位穿红衣的人，这需要认真观察。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是他的红衬衫使他脱颖而出。A.giveout发放；B.standout突出，显眼；C.turnout证明是；D.figureout弄清楚。根据句中的“exactlyhisredshirt”并结合上文可知，在一群身穿蓝衣的工人中间，穿红衣的男子早到晚归地工作，这很显眼。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久他将被提升为我的助理。A.sent发送；B.refused拒绝；C.promoted提升；D.fired解雇。根据空后的“tomyassistant”可知，这里是说这位红衣男子升职了。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的老板注意到了我。A.noticed注意到；B.scolded斥责；C.ignored忽视；D.praised表扬。根据上句“Iworkedhardandworeastripedshirt.(我努力工作，并且穿了一件条纹衬衫。)”可知，他的穿着和其他工人有区分，而且努力干活，所以得到了老板的注意。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：成功只能来自行动。A.comeabout发生；B.accountfor解释，导致；C.suff