2020年石家庄第四十一中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案

2020年石家庄第四十一中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABirdmigrationisdescribedastheregular,seasonalmovementofbirdpopulationsfromoneplacetoanotherandbackagain.Thelongerdaysandrichfoodofthenorthernsummerprovidegreaterchancesforbirdstofeedtheiryoung.Thelongerdaylighthoursandenormousfoodresourcesallowbirdstolaylargereggsthanthoseofrelatednon-migratoryspeciesthatremaininthetropicsallyearround.Asthedaysshorteninautumnandthebreedingperiodisover,thebirdsreturntowarmerregionswheretheavailablefoodsupplydifferslittlewiththeseasonschanging.Theadvantagesofmigrationmakeupforthehighstress,physicalexertion（消耗），andotherrisksofthemigration.Daylengthistheprimaryenvironmentalfactorthatencouragesbirdstoprepareformigration.Theyhaveanincreasedappetitewhichresultsinweightgaining,givingthemthefatreservesthatprovideenergyfortheirmigratoryflight.Theyalsoshowmoreactivityatnight,whichiswhenmostbirdsmigrate.Whilethelengthofdayistheprimaryreasonformigration,birdsalsorespondtotemperaturechanges.Forexample,ifaspringislateandthetemperatureislowerthannormal,birdsdelaymigration;ifaspringisearly,birdsalsobeginmigrationearly.Thetimingofthemigratorycyclemustallowbirdstoarriveonthebreedingsitesothatthereistimetobuildabreedingplace,mate,laytheeggs,andhatchtheyoungbeforetherichfoodisavailabletofeedtheyounginthenest.Similarly,ifbirdswaituntiltheclimateintheirnorthernbreedinggroundsbecomestolerable（可忍受的）,therewillbenotimetogainthenecessaryweightthatprovidestheenergyneededfortheirsouthboundmigration.Whydobirdsmigratetothenorthinspring?AThetemperatureinthesouthhasrisen.Theyliketravelingandenjoythejourney.Thesummerthereiswarmerthanthatinthesouth.Theenvironmentthereismoresuitableforthemtofeedtheirbabybirds.Whatarethetwofactorsthatcausebirdstomigrate?Daylengthandfoodsupply.Nightlengthandhighstress.Temperaturechangesanddaylength.Foodsupplyandtemperaturechanges.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Birds'LifeBirds'MigrationBirds'BreedingHabitsBirds'LivingEnvironmentBIfyouthinkyou’dliketoliveonMars,youmayhavethatpossibilityby2023.ADutchcompanycalledMarsOnewillsoonadvertiseforpeopleinterestedincolonizing（开拓）Mars.Ifyouhaveallthenecessaryskills,youcouldbeoneofthefirstcolonists.Areyoureadyforthechallenge?Youwon’thavetopayforthemissiontoMars.MarsOnehasalreadyreceivedmoneyfromsomedonorsandishopingtogetmorefromTVviewerswhowillbecomeinterestedintheshowwhereallapplicantshaveadebatefortherarechances.ThemainresponsibilityofthefirstcolonistsistocreateanartificialenvironmentonMarswherethereisnoairtobreatheandnolandtofarm.Scientistsknowit’squitepossiblebecausesomethingsimilarhasalreadybeendoneinAntarctica.AnotherproblemisthatspacetraveltoMarstakesnearlyayeartogettoMarsandthecolonistswilllivetherestoftheirlivesthere.Whenahumanlivesinanenvironmentwithoutgravityorwithlowgravityforalongtime,thesystemsinthebodyweaken.Luckily,spinning（旋转）thespaceshipcancreateartificialgravity,andartificialgravitycaneasetheseproblems.ItwillalsobedifficultforMarscoloniststobefarfromhome,livinginsmallspaces,andseeingthesamepeopleoverandover.Colonistswithdepressioncouldputthemissionindanger.Fortunately,afewyearsago,ajointRussianandEuropeanprojectcalledtheMars500Missionstudiedpeople’sreactionsinaMars-likeenvironment.Itisviewedasagreatsuccessbecausescientistswereabletoseehowpeoplehandleemotionalandphysicalstresses.Recentstudiesshowthatsevenpercentofpeoplewouldwanttogoonsuchanadventure.MarsOnewillsoonstartacceptingitsfirstcolonists.Areyouinterested?WhatdoweknowabouttheapplicantstoMarsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?TheywilllandonMarsin2023.Theycangetmoneyfromdonors.TheywillcompeteinaTVshow.Theydonotneedspecialskills.WhatwillthefirstcolonistsdotosolvethebasiclivingproblemsonMars?Createearth-likeconditions.BuildlabsinAntarctica.Spinthespaceship.StarttheMars500Mission.Whatcanthelifeofthefirstcolonistsbelikeaccordingtothepassage?Difficultanddangerous.Differentbutadaptable.Challengingandunbearable.Acceptablebutdepressing.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?Mars:ourfinaldestination?ReadytobeMars’colonists?Spacetravel:athrillingadventure?AreyouaqualifiedMarsastronaut?CHaveyoueverimaginedthatyoursimpleT-shirtcouldcoolyoudownbyupto5℃onthesehotsummerdays?Thankstoarecentdiscovery,thepossibilityisgettingcloser.Whiletherearemanyalternativesthatmanagetokeepthebodywarm,thisamazinginventionaimstoofferrealreliefforthosewhoareeagertofeelcomfortableandfreshintheoutdoorsonextremelyhotdays.Itsinventors,engineersMaYaoguangofZhejiangUniversityandTaoGuangmingofHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChina,lookacompletelyinnovativeapproach.Theydesignedaspecialtextiledialcanabsorbbodyheatandre-emititsenergyintospaceasmid-infraredradiation(MIR).Thistextilecoolsboththeobjectsandtheirsurroundingsthroughatechniquethatisknownasradiativecooling,Sciencereveals.Thismeansthatevenwhenitlookslikeyouarewearingaregularshirt,youareactuallywearingadevicethatworkslikeamirror.ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityin2017hadalreadymanagedtocoolthewearerby3℃,butthisprevioustrialwaslimited.Soresearchersstillneedtotestthenewapproachtodeterminehoweffectivelythenewfabriccoolswhilethewearersarestandingorwalking,andnotdirectlyfacingthesky,likeintheirtrials.TheyalsoneedtoexamineandmeasurehowwellitworkswhenT-shirtsarenotinclosecontactwiththeskin.InventorsYaoguangandGuangmingarenowlookingoutfortextilemanufacturersandclothingbrandsthatareinterestedinusingtheirfabric.Theyestimatethatthenewmaterialwillincreaseclothingmanufacturingcostsbyjust10percent.“WecanmakeitwithmassproductionwhichmeanseverybodycangetaT-shirtandthecostisbasicallythesameastheirs,”oldYaoguangsaid.Soifyouareanathleteorsimplysomeonethathastodealwiththeextremelyhightemperatures,bepatientbecauseyourdaysoffeelinghotandbotheredmaybecorningtoanend!Whatisthepurposeofthenewinvention?A.Towarmuppeople'sbody.C.Todetectthewearers'temperature.Howdoesthespecialproductwork?A.Byturningsunlightintoenergy.C.Bykeepingheatoutcompletely.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Theinventionneedsfurthertesting.C.Thenewfabrichasagoodcoolingeffect.B.Tocoolpeopleoffinhotweather.D.Toprotectclothesfrombecomingwet.B.Bysendingoutabsorbedheat.D.Byusinglightcolor1storeflectsunlight.B.Thepreviousstudieslackevidence.D.Thenewfabricappliestovarioussituations.TheinventionoftheT-shirtmayheanexampleof A.barkingupthewrongtree B.robbingPetertopayPaulC.killingtwobirdswithonestone D.pullingthecartbeforethehorseDFirstgraderGavinClampettwasdiagnosed（诊断）withTourette'sSyndromeattheageoffive.Duetotheneurological（神经的）disorder,healwaysexperiencesavarietyofsuddenuncontrolledmovementsandsounds.Theuncontrollableactionsmeanthatheoftengetsdirtylooksfromstrangersinpublicandkidsmakecruelcommentsontheschoolbusandinclass.Inanefforttopreventtheunkindcomments,Gavin’smother,32-year-oldRebeccaClampetthelpedhimmakeavideowithhissisterBrynn,nine,andplayedittopupilsathisschooltohelpthemunderstandthecondition.Inthevideo,whichRebeccaalsosharedonYouTube,Gavin’ssisterBrynnstartsbyansweringthequestionWhatisTourette’sSyndrome?”Sheexplains,“Itisaneurologicaldisorder,whichmeansitaffectsthebrainsothatapersonmakesunwantedmovements.Thesearecalledtics（抽搐）,butnotlikeaticthatisfoundoutside.Theseticscanbeverynoticeableornotverynoticeable,quietorloud.”Schoolcanbehardforallkids.ThatcanbeevenharderforchildrenlikeGavinbecausetheyhavetofacepeoplewholaughatthemeverysingleday.“IfeellikemybrotherandeveryotherkidwhohasTourette’sSyndromearebrave.Sobekindtothemanddon’ttreatthemdifferentlybecausetheyarejustlikeyou”,Brynnsaysinthevideo.Gavinconcludes,“Everyonecouldplaywithsomeone.SomepeoplethinkIcan’tbecauseI’mdifferentbutactuallyIcan.SomeareafraidthatIwillsaydirtywords,butactuallyIwon’t.Thediseasebothersmealittle,butI’mOK.”WhatcanweknowaboutTourette’sSyndrome?Itcanbetreatedwithdrugs.Itisusuallyfoundatanearlyage.Peoplewithitwillsaydirtywords.Peoplewithitcanmakeuncontrolledsounds.Becauseofthedisease,othersoften .A.takepityonGavin B.giveahandtoGavinC.keepawayfromGavin D.lookdownuponGavinInthevideo,Gavin’ssister .explainsherbrother’sdiseaseexpressesherloveforherbrothercomplainsaboutunkindcommentsencouragesotherstodonatemoneyWhatcanbeusedtobestdescribeGavin?A.Lucky. B.Helpless.C.Optimistic. D.Stubborn.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Doyouwanttoknowhowtolearnfromfailures?Yourjourneystartsthissecond.Ittakescourageforpeopletorealizethattheyhelponhowtolearnfromfeatures.Thesefollowingstepswillassistyouinlearningfromyourmistakesandmoveonwithyourlife.36Alittlebitofhumilitygoesalongway.Youknowyoudidsomethingwrong;andwhileyouwanttodefendyourmistakes,youhadbetterkeepyouremotionsincheck.Acceptthatyourplansdon’tgoaswellasyouwantandapologizetothosewhoareunderinfluence.Humilityisthefirststeptomendbrokentiesandrelationships.37Whoyouwerebefore,orwhateveryourstatusmighthavebeen—thosearenolongersignificant.Thisisnotthetimeforyoutostartanotherwar,butthetimeforyoutoreflectonwhatyouhavedone.Observeandreport.Ifyouwanttolearnfromfailures,thenyouneedtostayquietandstartlisteningtootherpeople.38Youmightnothavenoticedthesethingsbefore.Nowthatyou’regiventheopportunitytoobservethem,youmightbeabletopickupathingortwo.Thisisyourchancetolearnhowyoucanhelpstraightenthingsout.Makethingsright.It’snotthemostpleasanttasktodo,especiallywhenyou’recleaningupyourmess.Butmakingthingsrightisextremelyimportanttoyourredemption（补救）.Ifyou’renotyetcertainofwhatyoucando,ask.39Instead,youcanstartbyhelpingoutinlittleways.Gettingcoffeeforthosewhoareundertheinfluence,forexample,isonewayyoucanchoose.Knowinghowtolearnfromyourfailuresisveryimportant.40Humilityhelps.Controlyourfeelings.Thisistheonlywayyoucangrowasaperson.Watchhowyourfriendsandcolleaguesarehandingmatters.Ignoreotherpeoplewhoaretalkingaboutyoubehindyourback.Peoplewillbemorethanhappytohelpifyoushowupwithasmile.Youdon’thavetocomeupwithonesolutionthatwilltakecareofeverything.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Itimpressedmealot.Ineverthoughtthatlittlehelpwould___21___outtobethemostsatisfyingthingIhaveeverdone.Hewastired,and___22___toclimbfurther.Withabroad___23___,heaskedifIcouldhelphimwithsomemoney.Hewasparalyzedinbothlegsandwas___24___fundsforsomeoperation.Hesaidthatifoperatedsuccessfully,hecould___25___trainingguaranteeinghimajob.Iwasfullof___26___andevenaskedhimtoshowhislegs.Igavehimthe___27___money.Afterafewdays,heagaincameatmydoorstepaskingformoremoneyforaccommodation.ThistimeIwasmoreorless___28___heisnotcheatingme.IgavehimsomeandsaidthisisallIhad.AyearwentbyandIhadmovedtoa(n)___29___place.OnefinedayIgotacallfromanunknownnumber.ThecallercalledouthisnamebutIdidn’t___30___him.ThenhesaidheistheveryparalyzedpersonIhelpedayearago.Iaskedhimhowheisdoing.Hesaid,“What,sir?Doyourecognizemenotbymynamebutbymy___31___state?”Thenhewentonsaying,“WithyourkindhelpIamnowableto___32___onmylegswithoutsupport.Iwasoperated___33___.Iammarriedtoabeautifulladyandhaveastable___34___.”Idon’t___35___rememberifIgavehimmyphonenumber.___36___,whathesaidnextwastouching.HesaidhewantedtoreturnmymoneysothatIdidn’tfeelcheatedandcontinuedtohelppeople___37___inthefuture.Idon’tknowwhetherhereadmyfacialexpressionthedayIhelpedhimbuttearswere___38___downmyface.ThatdayIpromisedhimIwillcontinuetohelppeopleasiseea(n)___39___—smallorbig.___40___thatchangedmylife.21.A.sendB.bringC.turnD.break22.A.playingB.substitutingC.strugglingD.walking23.A.lookB.whisperC.viewD.smile24.A.raisingB.findingC.seekingD.earning25.A.pretendB.attendC.intendD.tend26.A.doubtsB.mindsC.worriesD.depression27.A.remainingB.leftC.hidingD.forgotten28.A.informedB.outspokenC.convincedD.prepared29.A.badB.old C.systematicD.new30.A.remindB.recognizeC.replaceD.repeat31.A.disabledB.messedC.excitedD.stressed32.A.liveB.standC.focusD.base33.A.surprisinglyB.successfullyC.hopefully D.naturally34.A.reasonB.promiseC.characterD.job35.A.alsoB.evenC.alreadyD.only36.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Meanwhile37.A.infavorB.inplaceC.inadvanceD.inneed38.A.runningB.puttingC.bringingD.pullingA.behavior B.case C.accident D.opportunityA.Strangely B.Truly C.Generally D.Originally第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Studiesshowthatmusicnotonlyhelpspeoplegetthroughpain,butthatlisteningtomusiccouldbethekeytogoodhealth.Whenslowrhythmmusic___41.___(play),theheartbeatandbloodpressureslowdown,helpingpeopletakebreathsmoreslowly,thus___42.___(decrease)muscletensionintheshoulders,neck,stomachandback.___43.___(specialist)havealsofoundthatmusicdecreasespsychologicaltension.Aregularhabitoflisteningtomusichelpsrelax___44.___(mental)andphysically,thushelpingtoeaseandavoidbackpain.Expertsstateduringexercisemusiccangiveabetterapproachin___45.___numberofways.Expertssayitcanimprovemoodandgrowendurance(持久力).Also,studiesshowthatlisteningtomusiccanleadtoafaster___46.___(recover)ofthebody.Whatismore,itappearsthatanytypeofmusiccanhelpthepatientsrecoversooner,___47.___isoneofthesurprisinghealthbenefitsofmusic.Manypeoplesufferfrommemoryloss.Musiccanbeusedasatooltohelppatientsremembersongs_