2017高考英语阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义公开课

高考英语阅读理解解题策略之猜测词义即2015年《考试说明》把以往考纲中的“根据上下文推断生词含义”，改为“根据上下文推断单词和短语含义”。2021/5/91greenhandGuess2021/5/92

Onthewaytothefactory,Jacksangapopsonghappily,becauseitisthefirstdayforhimtowork.Whenhewasworking,hetalkedwithhiscomrade.Suddenly,themachinebrokedownbecauseofhiscarelessness.Jackwasafraidoftheblameofhisboss.Hiscomradetoldhim,”takeiteasy,youareagreenhand.”greenhand新手first2021/5/93

高考对于猜测词义的考查要求

考生通过阅读上下文，结合中学生应有的常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的意思。2021/5/94

词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.Theunderlinedword“…”inthesecond(third…)paragraphrefersto(means)______.2.Bysayingthat“…”inthefirst(second…)paragraph,theauthormeansthat______.3.Inparagraph…,“…”canbereplacedby“_____”.4.Themeaningof“…”inparagraph…isrelatedto______.5.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto…(paragraph…)?6.Theunderlinedsentenceinthe…paragraphprobablymeansthat_____.2021/5/95Butholidaysareexpensiveand,forthoseonlowwagesorlivingonbenefits,theyareoftenunobtainable.Eventhecheapestholidaysrequiretravelandotheradditionalcoststhataredifficultformanyfamiliestomeet.

72.Theunderlinedword“they”inthesecondparagraphrefersto______A.environmentB.holidaysC.wagesD.benefitstheyButholidaysareexpensiveand,forthoseonlowwagesorlivingonbenefits,根据上下文解释进行猜测有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语,下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。2021/5/961.Redhadthelongestwavelength

thatis,thedistancebetweeneachwaveislongestinredlightthaninanyothercolor.“wavelength”means_____Theherdsman

,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.

“herdsman”

means_____

波长StrategyI---牧人小结定义或释义关系常由定语从句或由is，or，thatis(tosay),inotherwords，becalled，beknownas,bedefinedas等词汇或破折号来表示thatis定义-definition或释义-paraphrase2021/5/971.MarkTwainwasnottheauthor’srealname;itwasapseudonym.

“pseudonym”means_________2.Thenewtaxlawsupersedes,orreplaces,thelawthatwasineffectlastyear.3.Ifyouagree,write“Yes”;ifyoudissent,write“No”.笔名假名StrategyII-取代不同意小结常连接同义词、反义：

and,or,suchas,like，forexample，forinstance...etc

not

real

nameoragree--根据同义词-synonym反义词-antonym关系2021/5/98

Themainpointoftheplaniscleartome;

butthedetailsarestillhazy.ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.clearStrategyIII--转折关系小结表转折关系的词常有如but,while,however,insteadof,ratherthan,unlike,yet,otherwise,though

onthecontrary等。模糊的肮脏的cleanThough2021/5/99HomeworkThehouselookedquitenormaloutside,butinsideitwasveryexoticwithfascinatingobjectsondisplay.Ashebeganputtingthemintohisbag,adogcameintotheroom.ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster,thenwaggeditstailmadlyandwentovertohim.Busterwhispered.“Whatagreatguarddogyouare---tryingtolickmetodeath.”

61.Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword“exotic”?

A.Messyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.Comfortableandcalming.D.Unusualandforeign.

butnormaloutside2021/5/910

Marydidn’tnoticemewhenIcameintotheclassroom,becauseshewascompletely

engrossedinhisreading.

Theriverissoturbidthatitisimpossibletoseethebottomevenwhenitisshallow..全神贯注的StrategyIV--因果关系混浊的“causality”表因果的词：because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thus小结becauseso

turbid

that2021/5/911StrategyV.

在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.n.

麻醉剂(药)Commonsense普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。2021/5/9121)HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.

A.seeclearlyB.understandC.expectBStrategyVIContext上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。2021/5/913我们的问题不认识单词.找不出问题的答案.容易被文中句子干扰.经常在2个答案中徘徊然后选了错误的那一个.心情不好时做不好.TiPS:归根结底是单词的问题，平时多背诵，多重复，才能记于心。另外要意识到阅读技巧能的力量，有它，事倍功半。尝试着控制自己的小情绪，享受阅读，它可以改变你的心境，加油！2021/5/9141.Allhisattemptstounlockthedoorwasfutile,becausehewasusingthewrongkey.A.成功的B.徒劳的C.有效的D.匆促的2.Twelve-year-oldSallywasanactivegirl.Buthersisterwasquites