【2023年】辽宁省铁岭市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

【2023年】辽宁省铁岭市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.Writing(10题)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledGoingonStudyingorGoingtoWork.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.有些人决定毕业后读研。

2．有些人决定毕业后工作。

3．你的看法。

GoingonStudyingorGoingtoWork

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicToCurbSpending.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

1.现在许多大学生普遍花钱大手大脚，消费水平高

2．有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非

3．你的看法

ToCurbSpending

3.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowtoEncouragePeopletoUsePublicTransport.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese

1.许多大城市私家车越来越多

2．私家车过多造成的问题。

3．如何鼓励人们少用私家车，多用公共交通。

4.EvaluationbyStudents

1．不少大学让学生参与任课老师教学情况的测评

2．对此改革措施校方、教师、学生的看法不一

3．学生测评教师的益处以及可能产生的问题

5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionwiththetitleofHowISpendMySummerVacation,describinghowyouspendoneofyoursummervacationsinthecountryside.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:Situation:Studentshavedifferentwaystospendtheirsummervacations,andyoudecidetotakeyoursummervacationwithyourfamilyinthecountryside.Yourfeelingisquitedifferentfromthatinthecity,soyouthinkaboutitdeeply.

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSchoolbags:TooHeavyforSchoolbags.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.学生的书包越来越重

2.造成这情况的原因

3.如何减轻学生的负担

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledOnBuyingSecondhandTextbooks.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.

1.有人认为买二手书好；

2.有人认为买二手书不好；

3.我的看法。

OnBuyingSecond-handTextbooks

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitled"TheFirstImpressionofMyRoommate"Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.

1.这是我在大学的第一天；

2.他(她)就是我的同学；

3.我仔细打量了他(她)，发现……

9.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofStudents'StartingTheirOwnBusinesses.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

目前有不少大学生开始创业

1．对此不少人给予了肯定

2．也有人有不同的看法

3．我认为…

Students'StartingTheirOwnBusinesses

10.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofShouldEnterprisesHoldanAnnualMeeting?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.

现在有不少单位热衷于组织年会

1．对这种做法有人表示支持

2．有人并不赞成

3．我认为

ShouldEnterprisesHoldanAnnualMeeting?

______

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10题)11.

Subbaramansuggestedthatforeigninvestorsshouldattachimportanceoffivepointsthoughthereisalmostnotany______forsuccess.

12.

Concerningthefutureofthehydrogeneconomy,themostobviousstepwewilltakeis__________________.

13.

Travelingusedtobesoexpensivethatmanymiddle-classpeoplecouldnotaffordit.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

TheaveragegestationperiodofGiantPandasis

15.

JohnBarrett'sbooknotonlydescribes______ofSavannah'srichestcitizens,butalsotellsaboutsomeofthecity'sunusualpeopleandplaces.

16.

Wedon'tknowtheexactnumberofMarkTwain'sworks.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Wemustdevelopbetterdevicesformonitoringandcontrollingairtrafficbecause_____hasreachedacriticalstage.

18.Calories

Foryearsnow,calorieshavebeenalltherage—peopleareCountingthemandcuttingthem,andyou'dbehardpressedtofindsomethingatthesupermarketthatdoeshotlistitscaloriesperservingsomewhereonthepackage.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhatexactlyacalorieis?

WhatisaCalorie

Acaloricisaunitofenergy.Wetendtoassociatecalorieswithfood,buttheyapplytoanythingcontainingenergy.Forexample,agallon(about4liters)ofgasolinecontainsabout31,000,000calories.

Specifically,acaloricistheamountofenergy,orheat,ittakestoraisethetemperatureof1gramofwater1degreeCelsius(1.8degreesFahrenheit).Onecaloricisequalto4.184joules(焦耳),acommonunitofenergyusedinthephysicalsciences.Mostofusthinkofcaloriesinrelationtofood,asin"Thiscanofsodahas200calories."Itturnsoutthatthecaloriesonafoodpackageareactuallykilocalories(1,000calories=1kilocalorie).Thewordissometimescapitalizedtoshowthedifference,butusuallynot.Afoodcaloriecontains4,184joules.Acanofsodacontaining200foodcaloriescontains200,000regularcalories,or200kilocalories.Agallonofgasolinecontains31,000kilocalories.

Thesameappliestoexercisewhenafitnesschartsaysyouburnabout100caloriesforeverymileyoujog,itmeans100kilocalories.Forthedurationofthisarticle,whenwesay"calorie",wemean"kilocalorie".

WhatCaloriesDo

Humanbeingsneedenergytosurvive—tobreathe,move,pumpblood—andtheyacquirethisenergyfromfood.

Thenumberofcaloriesinafoodisameasureofhowmuchpotentialenergythatfoodpossesses.Agramofcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)has4calories,agrainofproteinhas4calories,andagramoffathas9calories.Foodsareacompilationofthesethreebuildingblocks.Soifyouknowhowmanycarbohydrates,fatsandproteinsareinanygivenfood,youknowbowmanycalories,orhowmuchenergy,thatfoodcontains.

Ifwelookatthenutritionallabelonthebackofapacketbfmaple-and-brown-sugaroatmeal(麦片),wefindthatithas160calories.Thismeansthatifweweretopourthisoatmealintoadish,settheoatmealonfireandgetittoburncompletely(whichisactuallyprettytricky),thereactionwouldproduce160kilocalories(remember:foodcaloriesarekilocalories)enoughenergytoraisethetemperatureof160kilogramsofwater1degreeCelsius.Ifwelookcloseratthenutritionallabel,weseethatouroatmealhas2gramsoffat,4gramsofproteinand32gramsofcarbohydrates,producingatotalof162calories(apparently,foodmanufacturersliketorounddown).Ofthese162calories,18comefromfat(9cal×2g),16comefromprotein(4cal×4g)and128comefromcarbohydrates(4cal×32g).

YourCaloricNeeds

Justhowmanycaloriesdoourcellsneedtofunctionwell?Thenumberisdifferentforeveryperson.Youmaynoticeonthenutritionallabelsofthefoodsyoubuythatthe"percentdailyvalues"arebasedona2,000caloriediet—2,000caloriesisaroughaverageofwhataperson.needstoeatinaday,butyourbodymightneedmoreorlessthan2,000calories.Height,weight,gender,ageandactivitylevelallaffectyourcaloricneeds.Therearethreemainfactorsinvolvedincalculatinghowmanycaloriesyourbodyneedsperday:

-Basalmetabolicrate(基本新陈代谢率)

-Physicalactivity

-Thermic(热的)effectoffood

Yourbasalmetabolicrate(BMR)istheamountofenergyyourbodyneedstofunctionatrest.Thisaccountsforabout60to70percentofcaloriesburnedinadayandincludestheenergyrequiredtokeeptheheartbeating,thelungsbreathing,thekidneysfunctioningandthebodytemperaturestabilized.Ingeneral,menhaveahigherBMRthanwomen.

The

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

RachelCarsonstartedwritingbefore______.

20.

Becauselittleresearchhadbeendoneontheexplanationofhappiness,beforegoingintothelab,Lyubomirskyhaddonesome______.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10题)21.听力原文：M:Thedishisdelicious.Ineverknewthatyouaresogoodatcooking.

W:Thanks.ButthecreditshouldgotoMary.Shepreparedeverything.Ifitweren'tforher,I'dnevercook.Oh,pleasehavesomemore.

Q:Whatcanyouinferfromtheconversation?

(15)

A.Thewomanisanexcellentcook.

B.Thewomanisahousewife.

C.Maryhelpedalotincookingthedish.

D.Thewomanhasnevercookedbefore.

22.(25)

A.IntheWaterfallGarden.

B.IntheChildrenZoo.

C.IntheWaterWorld.

D.IntheCentenaryGarden.

23.

【B7】

24.听力原文：WheredidthetermPiggyBankcomefrom?Todaythesimplepiggybankisseeneverywhereasthesymbolofsavingandfrugality,forputtingawayfundsforarainyday,orbuildinganesteggforlife'ssuddenmoneyneeds,suchaspayingcollegeexpenses,buyingahome,orfinancingretirement.Butwhyapig?Dogsburybonesforarainyday.Whynotadogshapedbankforcoins?Squirrelsarewellknownhoarderstooandwetalkaboutsquirrelingawayvaluables.Whynotabankintheshapeofasquirrel?Wellnevertheless,for300years,children'sbankshavebeenimitationpigswithslotsintheback.CharlesBernardy,theauthorofExtraordinaryOriginsofEverydayThings,tellshowthesymbolcameaboutbycoincidence.AccordingtoBernardy,duringthemiddleages,minedmetalwasscarceandexpensive,thereforewasrarelyusedinthemanufactureofhouseholdutensils.Thetypeoforangeclay,knownofpygg,speltpygg,wasmoreabundantandeconomicalthroughoutwesternEurope.Itwasusedinmakingdishes,cups,potsandjars.Andsotheseearthenwareitemswerereferredtoaspygg.Frugalpeoplesavedcashinkitchenpotsandjars.Althoughapyggjarwasnotoriginallyshapedlikeapig,thenamepersisted.Howeverbythe18thcentury,pygg,p-y-g-gjarbecamepig,pigjarorpigbank.Pottershadsimplybeguntocastthebankintheshapeofitscommonname.IntheUnitedStates,thepopularpiggybankhasalwaysbeenasymbolofsavingmoney.

(30)

A.Historyofmoney.

B.Anecdoteofapig.

C.EconomicsinwesternEurope.

D.ThetermPiggyBank.

25.(13)

A.Sarahmovedtoanewaddressaweekago.

B.Sarahmissesherfamilyverymuch.

C.TheyshouldpaySarahavisit.

D.TheyshouldstopseeingSarah.

26.听力原文：MotheringSundayintheUKistheequivalentofMother'sDayinothercountries.UnliketheMother'sDayinothercountries,whichisonthesecondSundayinMay,(32)MotheringSundayisobservedonthefourthSundayinLent;thatiswhyitisalsocalledMid-LentSunday.MotheringSundayisatimewhenchildrenpayrespecttotheirmothers.Childrenoftengivetheirmothersagiftandacard.ManychurchesgivethechildreninthecongregationalittlebunchofspringflowersdaringtheMotheringSundayservice,togivetotheirmothersasathankyouforalltheircareandlovethroughouttheyear.

(33)AlsoinEnglandinthe1600s,youngmenandwomenwhowereapprenticesorservantsreturnedhomeonMotheringSunday,bringingtotheirmotherssmallgiftslikecostumejeweleryora"motheringcake".Sometimesaspecialfoodcalledfurmetywasserved--wheatgrainsboiledinsweetmilk,sugaredandspiced.

InnorthernEnglandandinScotland.(35)thepreferredrefreshmentswerecarlings,akindofpancakemadeofsteepedpeasefriedinbutter,withpepperandsalt.Infact,insomeplacesthisdaywascalledCarlingSunday

Anotherkindofmotheringcakewasthesimnelcake,averyrichfruitcake.(34)MotheringSundayissometimesknownasSimnelSundayorRefreshmentSunday,becauseofthetraditionofbakingsimnelcakes.TheLentenfastdictatedthatthesimnelcakehadtokeepuntilEaster.Itwasboiledinwater,thenbaked,andwasoftenfinishedwithanalmondicing.Sometimesthecrustwasofflourandwater,havinganorangecolor.

(33)

A.OnthesecondSundayinMay.

B.OnthefourthSundayinLent.

C.OnthefourthSundayinMay.

D.OnthesecondSundayinLent.

27.听力原文：Duringthepastdecadetherehasbeenamultifoldincreaseinviolentcrimesthroughouttheworld.Notonlyhastherebeenafrighteningincreaseofmurdersandrapes,butchancedofbeingattackedandrobbedhavegrownsothattheelderlyavoidleavingtheirapartments.

Theexactcauseofthishorrifyingdevelopmenthasnotbeenfound.SomesociologistsfeelthatthegrowthofcrimeonTVisrelatedwiththegrowthofviolenceonourstreets.Othersblametheconstantthreatofcompletedestructionfromnuclearexplosives.Iftheworldisgoingrobeblownup,whynotenjoyyourselffully!

Regardlessofthecause,afundamentalchangeinattitudeamongpeopleiseasytosee.Yearsback,theoldsaying"Practicewhatyoupreach"wasaprevalentone.Peoplehadmoralstandardsthattheycouldfollow:peoplewereconcernedabouttheirfellowhumanbeings.

Today,peoplehavebecome"I-centred".Theyaremoreinterestedinachievingimmediate,selfishpleasures.Thebestadvicetheycangiveintherareinstanceswhentheydois"DowhatIsay,notwhatIdo"Theyaresaying,"Therearemoralprinciplestofollowifyouwantto,butdon'tusemeasaguidesinceInolongerfollowthem."

ThemajordifferencethatIseeinthequotationspointsoutthetragicchangeinourmoralityandsocialways.Untilpeopleoncemorelearntopractice"I"with"me",weshallcontinuetomovetowarddestructiveself-centeredness.

(33)

A.Nuclearweapon.

B.Violenceincrime.

C.Livingstandards.

D.Thepopulationoftheelderlypeople.

28.听力原文：W:Hi．Ihaveamapofthecampus，butIstillcan'tfindthebuildingwiththenewlibraryinit．Canyoutellmehowtogetthere?

M:That'sbecauseit'sanoldmap．Followme,I'mgoingthatwaymyself．

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(14)

A.Heknowswheretogetanewmap.

B.Hewillhelpthewomanreadthemap.

C.Hehasalreadyseenthelibrary.

D.Hewillgotothelibraryaswell.

29.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

UnitedNationsDaywasestablishedtocommemoratetheestablishmentoftheUnitedNationsin1945.

Thename"UnitedNations"was(36)______byUnitedStatesPresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltandwasfirstusedinthe"(37)______byUnitedNations'ofJanuary1,1942,duringtheSecondWorldWar.

TheUnitedNationsofficiallycameinto(38)______onOctober24,1945,whentheCharterhadbeenapprovedbyChina,France,theSovietUnion,theUnitedKingdom,UnitedStatesandbyamajorityofothersignatories.UnitedNationsDayis(39)______onOctober24eachyear.

Inordertostressthecharter'simportance,in1947theGeneralAssemblyoftheU.N.passeda(40)______thatOctober24shallhereafterbeofficiallycalledUnitedNationsDay,andshallbe(41)______tomakingknowntothepeopleoftheworldtheaimsand(42)______oftheUnitedNations,andtogainingtheir(43)______fortheworkoftheUnitedNations.

Itwasapparent,andalsoquiteimportant,(44)____________;thereforeanentireweek—UnitedNationsWeek—wassetasideinOctober,withitschiefobservanceonUnitedNationsDay,October24.By1956,(45)____________.ThesuccessoftheUnitedNationsinbuildingworldpeacedependsonallofus—onourwonunderstandingandsupport.(46)____________.

30.(22)

A.Theyhavetotakefinalexam.

B.Theyhavetogivepresentation.

C.Theyhavetoreadnumerousbooks.

D.Theyhavetohandinatermpaperof2,000words.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3题)31.Accordingtothetext,AmusingOurselvestoDeathisabook______.

A.tellingpeoplehowamusingitistowatchTV

B.warningpeopletooversteptheinstructionsintheBible

C.showingthereisadirectlinkbetweenTV-watchinganddeath

D.criticizingtelevisionforeatingoutourlives

32.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtreeaccordingtothepassage?

A.FiatAutowasreluctanttotakedecisivemeasurestoadjustitsproduction.

B.Thelocalofficialjoblessrateisevenhighertakingmoreelementsintoaccount.

C.Fiat'sjobcutsgaverisetothewaveofunemploymentinnorthernItaly.

D.TheFiatgrouppreservesgreatdiversityinproducts.

33.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"rewardscardscanbeausefuloptionforthesavvyconsumer"?

A.Rewardcardsarehelpfulwhenpeopleknowthemtotallywell.

B.Rewardcardsareusefulonlywhenpeoplepurchasewiththem.

C.Thevalueofthecardwillvanishfrommonthtomonthinshorttime.

D.Rewardscardswillservepeoplewithcomfortandconvenience.

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3题)34.【S1】

35.【S6】

36.【S5】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3题)37.

【S6】

38.【S3】

39.

【S10】

参考答案

1.GoingonStudyingorGoingtoWorkCurrentlythemajordilemmawhichmoststudentsfaceupongraduationistocontinuepursuingpostgraduatestudiesortofindajobimmediately.Thosewhodecidetogotoworkimmediatelycannotwaittoputwhattheyhavelearnedintopractice.Theybelievethatonlybyapplicationcanapersonmasterknowledgeintherealsense.Mostimportantofalltheycanliveontheirownandhavethefeelingofaccomplishmentforthefirsttime.Otherpeoplehoweverbelievethatifapersonwantstobeanexpertinaspecializedfieldfouryearsinuniversityisfarfromenough.Thebestwayistochooseadirectionandstudyitindepth.Itisnotlateatallwhentheygotoworkbecausetheystartatamuchhigherlevel.Nomatterwhichchoiceastudentwillfinallymakehehastobeextremelycarefultolookintohisuniquesituationandconsultthepredecessorsfortheiradvice.Hewillmaketherightchoiceifheknowhisgoalinlifeandhowtoturnitintoreality.GoingonStudyingorGoingtoWorkCurrently,themajordilemmawhichmoststudentsfaceupongraduationistocontinuepursuingpostgraduatestudiesortofindajobimmediately.Thosewhodecidetogotoworkimmediatelycannotwaittoputwhattheyhavelearnedintopractice.Theybelievethatonlybyapplicationcanapersonmasterknowledgeintherealsense.Mostimportantofall,theycanliveontheirownandhavethefeelingofaccomplishmentforthefirsttime.Otherpeople,however,believethatifapersonwantstobeanexpertinaspecializedfield,fouryearsinuniversityisfarfromenough.Thebestwayistochooseadirectionandstudyitindepth.Itisnotlateatallwhentheygotowork,becausetheystartatamuchhigherlevel.Nomatterwhichchoiceastudentwillfinallymake,hehastobeextremelycarefultolookintohisuniquesituationandconsultthepredecessorsfortheiradvice.Hewillmaketherightchoiceifheknowhisgoalinlifeandhowtoturnitintoreality.

2.ToCurbSpendingThemonthlyexpendituresofcollegestudentshavebeenontheriseinthepastfewyears.Somearguethatifthestudentsearnthemoneythemselveshowtheyspenditisnoneofotherpeople'sbusinessandafterallthegenerallivingstandardkeepsrising.Howeverthefactisthatmoststudentsliveonthemoneytheirparentsgivethem.Thelureofamorecomfortableandfashionablelifestyle--onewithnamebrandclothingmobilephonesMP3anddiningoutorgoingtobarswithagirlfriend--makesmanytobefrequentborrowers.Inmyopinionyoungstudentsaresensitivetofashionsandnewtrendsthustheyeasilyfoundit'simpossibletomakeendsmeetandrunintodebt.Whenastudent'sspendingstepsbeyondtheboundariesofdailynecessitiesitbecomesakindofwaste.Furthermorewidespreadextravagantspendingoncampuscouldhaveabadinfluenceonpeople'svalues.Butmanystudentsseeitasacommonpracticeandnotafault.Thougheveryonehastherighttoenjoyacomfortablelifecampusisaplaceforstudy.Sojustthinktwicebeforeyousignabill.ToCurbSpendingThemonthlyexpendituresofcollegestudentshavebeenontheriseinthepastfewyears.Somearguethatifthestudentsearnthemoneythemselves,howtheyspenditisnoneofotherpeople'sbusiness,andafterall,thegenerallivingstandardkeepsrising.However,thefactisthatmoststudentsliveonthemoneytheirparentsgivethem.Thelureofamorecomfortableandfashionablelifestyle--onewithnamebrandclothing,mobilephones,MP3,anddiningoutorgoingtobarswithagirlfriend--makesmanytobefrequentborrowers.Inmyopinion,youngstudentsaresensitivetofashionsandnewtrends,thustheyeasilyfoundit'simpossibletomakeendsmeetandrunintodebt.Whenastudent'sspendingstepsbeyondtheboundariesofdailynecessities,itbecomesakindofwaste.Furthermore,widespreadextravagantspendingoncampuscouldhaveabadinfluenceonpeople'svalues.Butmanystudentsseeitasacommonpracticeandnotafault.Thougheveryonehastherighttoenjoyacomfortablelife,campusisaplaceforstudy.Sojustthinktwicebeforeyousignabill.解析：[审题]

本文是议论文，结构很清晰，就是描述现象，提出部分人对该现象的某种观点，然后阐述自己的观点。

[写作思路]

第一段：描述大学生花钱大手大脚的现象，可采用举例子的方法，也可以引用数据说明现象。

第二段：指出部分人认为社会快速发展的情况下大学生可以花钱大手大脚，应该解释为什么这些人持有这种观点。

第三段：提出自己的观点，同意或者反对第二段中的观点，讲明原因。

3.HowtoEncouragePeopletoUsePublicTransportThepast5yearshavewitnessedtherapidincreaseofprivatecarsinbigcitiesofChina.MoreandmoreChineseareabletoaffordacarandwouldliketobuyaprivatecartoimprovetheirlifequality.Severalfactorscontributetotheincreasingnumberofprivatecars.Firstitcanbeattributedtothegreatadvanceofpeople'sincomeaswellasthedramaticdecreaseofcarpricesduetomassproductionBesidestherapidexpansionofhighwaysystemsaroundthecountryalsoencouragesmorepeopletousecarsastheirdailytransport.Howevertheriseofprivatecarshasalsobroughtsomeproblemssuchastrafficcongestionandairpollution.InsomemetropolitansofChinaduringrushhourscarsarequeuinginurbanareas.Theexhaustoftheseprivatecarsalsoleadstoincreasinglysevereairpollution.Accordingtoscientiststheglobalwarmingiscloselyrelatedtotheemissionsofprivatecars.Thereforeinsomesensepeople'slifequalityisdecreasing.Inordertoreversethisdeclineinthequalityoflifeincitiesattemptsmustbemadetoencouragepeopletousetheircarslessandpublictransportmore.ThegovernmentshouldcreateamorecomfortableandconvenientpublictransportsystemsothatthepublicwouldliketousepublictransportInadditionmeasuresshouldbetakentoraisetheenvironmentalawarenessofthegeneralpublic.Anotherdirectmeasureistoimposeheaviertaxesontheownershipofprivatecarssoastodiscouragepeoplefromusingprivatecars.HowtoEncouragePeopletoUsePublicTransportThepast5yearshavewitnessedtherapidincreaseofprivatecarsinbigcitiesofChina.MoreandmoreChineseareabletoaffordacarandwouldliketobuyaprivatecartoimprovetheirlifequality.Severalfactorscontributetotheincreasingnumberofprivatecars.First,itcanbeattributedtothegreatadvanceofpeople'sincomeaswellasthedramaticdecreaseofcarpricesduetomassproductionBesides,therapidexpansionofhighwaysystemsaroundthecountryalsoencouragesmorepeopletousecarsastheirdailytransport.However,theriseofprivatecarshasalsobroughtsomeproblemssuchastrafficcongestionandairpollution.InsomemetropolitansofChina,duringrushhourscarsarequeuinginurbanareas.Theexhaustoftheseprivatecarsalsoleadstoincreasinglysevereairpollution.Accordingtoscientists,theglobalwarmingiscloselyrelatedtotheemissionsofprivatecars.Therefore,insomesense,people'slifequalityisdecreasing.Inordertoreversethisdeclineinthequalityoflifeincities,attemptsmustbemadetoencouragepeopletousetheircarslessandpublictransportmore.ThegovernmentshouldcreateamorecomfortableandconvenientpublictransportsystemsothatthepublicwouldliketousepublictransportInaddition,measuresshouldbetakentoraisetheenvironmentalawarenessofthegeneralpublic.Anotherdirectmeasureistoimposeheaviertaxesontheownershipofprivatecarssoastodiscouragepeoplefromusingprivatecars.

4.EvaluationbyStudentsNowadaysagrowingnumberofuniversitieshavelaunchedthe"StudentEvaluationProject"inwhichstudentsareinvitedtoevaluatethejobperformanceoftheirteachers.Inmostcasesstudentsgetevaluationformsattheendofasemesterandareaskedtofillthemoutanonymously.Therearevariedopinionsamongteachersanduniversityauthoritiesaboutthiseducationalreformprogram.Universityadministratorsconsiderstudentevaluationtobeaneffectivemeanstodisciplineteachersandhelpenhancetheteachingquality.Howevermanyteachersfeeluncomfortableevenresentfulaboutitbecausedifferentstudentsmayhavedifferentstandardsbywhichtojudgetheirteachers.Intheiropiniontheevaluationresultsmaybeinfluencedbyindividualstudent'spersonalfeelingsandthereforecan'tbecountedonasanobjectivereflectionoftheteachingperformance.Asforstudentstheirattitudesarealsovaried:someliketobegivenavoicetoexpresstheirviewssomedon'tunderstanditwhilesomesimplydon'tcare.AsawholeStudentEvaluationProjecttookaboldstepintheuniversityeducationreformprocesswhichencouragesstudentstogetmoreactivelyinvolvedintheclassteachingthuspositivelycreatinganinteractiveacademicatmosphere.Neverthelessmanyotherproblemsmayarisecorrespondingly.Forinstancesomestudentsmaybetoocriticalaboutacertainprofessorjustbecausetheprofessorisnotfunorheistoostrictwhichmighthaveanegativeimpactontheimpartialityofevaluationitselfmisleadingthereformorientation.EvaluationbyStudentsNowadays,agrowingnumberofuniversitieshavelaunchedthe"StudentEvaluationProject",inwhichstudentsareinvitedtoevaluatethejobperformanceoftheirteachers.Inmostcases,studentsgetevaluationformsattheendofasemesterandareaskedtofillthemoutanonymously.Tgram.Universityadministratorsconsiderstudentevaluationtobeaneffectivemeanstodisciplineteachersandhelpenhancetheteachingquality.However,manyteachersfeeluncomfortable,evenresentfulaboutit,becausedifferentstudentsmayhavedifferentstandardsbywhichtojudgetheirteachers.Intheiropinion,theevaluationresultsmaybeinfluencedbyindividualstudent'spersonalfeelingsandthereforecan'tbecountedonasanobjectivereflectionoftheteachingperformance.Asforstudents,theirattitudesarealsovaried:someliketobegivenavoicetoexpresstheirviews,somedon'tunderstandit,whilesomesimplydon't