2020年沈阳市第107中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案解析

2020年沈阳市第107中学高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AItrulythoughtthatImightdiethatday.HadInotseenthreebearsandafewwolvesoverthelastcoupleofdaysneartheroad,Imighthavejustlaindownandcalleditquits.WhatintheworldwasIthinking,draggingmybikeuptoYellowstoneandthinkingIcouldridefromWestYellowstonetoOldFaithfulinthesnow?Noless!Ihadplannedthistripformorethantwomonths,andIwasn'tabouttogiveupsoeasily.Thefirstfewmileswerebeautiful.Tenmilesin,Istartedsuckingwind.Fifteenmilesandmylegsfeltliketheyweremadeoflead.Bytwentymiles,mylungswereburningandfeltliketherewasnothingleftinthetank.ThatwaswhenIturnedaroundandsawmyhusbandandthreechildrencheeringmeoninthevanbehindme.IknewIcouldn'tquitbecauseItellmychildrenallthetimethatjustbecausesomethingisharddoesn'tmeanthatyoustopdoingit.IhadtolivewhatI'dbeenpreaching（说教）.Thatthoughtgotmeupthatmountainandtotheendoftheride.Theimportanceofthatridewasapparentafteronlyaweek.Myeight-year-olddaughterEmaleewantedtorideinatwelve-milecharityride.Thatdaywascoldaswell.Shewastheyoungestrider.Aboutfourmilesintotheride,shestartedfeelingcold.Thechill（寒冷）wasmakinghermusclescrampalittleandshebegantostruggle.Bysixmiles,shehadtearsrunningdownherface.Itbrokemyhearttoseehersufferinglikethat.Itoldherthatshedidn'thavetofinish.Shesaidthatshewouldn'tquit.ItoldherhowIhadwantedtoquittheweekbefore,butperseverancehadgottenmetotheendandIknewshecoulddoit,too.Thelookonherfaceasshepulledintothefinishwaspriceless.Shethrewherarmsaroundmeandsaid,“Youdidn'tquit,Mommy,soneitherdidI.”Whatmotivatedtheauthortofinishherride?Herfamily'sencouragement.Herowninstructionforchildren.Thebeautifulsceneryandweather.Thecarefulandthoroughpreparation.BydescribingtheconditionsEmaleemet,theauthorwantedto .showherguiltforherdaughterprovethatridingisatoughtaskpersuadeherdaughtertogiveupindicateshewasproudofEmaleeWhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusaccordingtothestory?Neversaydie.Donothingbyhalves.Childrenarewhatthemothersare.Everymother'schildishandsome.BInJune,2021,agroupofstudentsfromeighthighschoolsinWinnipeg,thecapitalofCanada’sManitobaprovince,willbegintest-launching（试发射）asatellitethesizeofaRubik’scube.Theone-kilogramWin-Cubesatellite,namedforitshomecityanditsshape,willbeputintoloworbit.Onceinspace,itcanperformforafewmonthsoruptoseveralyears,communicatinginformationthatcouldhelpfindthesignsofearthquakes.Thereare80similarsatelliteprojectsworldwide,butthisisthefirsthigh-schoolbasedprogramofitskindinCanada.30Manitobahighschoolstudentsarehavingahandindesigningandbuildingthesatellite,incooperationwithaerospace（航空航天的）expertsand10studentsfromtheUniversityofManitoba,andwithsupportfromtwootherorganizations.TheWin-Cubeprojectisnotsomethingthatgoesonapieceofpaper;itisreal-worldengineering,allowinghighschoolstudentstohaveanopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheexcitingworldofengineeringthroughtheirparticipationinthischallengingprogram.ItisalsotakenasawonderfulexampleoftheuniquepartnershipswithinManitoba.Designing,buildingandlaunchingasatellitewithhigh-schoolparticipationwillbringthisworld-classeducationalprojectintorealityandManitobaclosertospace“TheseManitobahighschoolstudentsdeservecongratulationsfortheirenthusiasm,innovation（创新）,andastronglovefordiscovery,”saidEducation,CitizenshipandYouthMinisterPeterBjomson.“Wewanttomakesciencemorerelevant,interestingandattractivetohighschoolstudentsbyshowingthemhowclassroomstudiescanrelatetopracticalexperienceintheworkplaceor,inthiscase,inspace,”Bjomsonadded.TheWin-Cubeprogramismainlyaimedatinspiringastrongdesirefordiscoveryonthepartofthestudents.ItalsoshowsManitoba’sdevotiontoresearchandinnovationandthedevelopmentofaskilledworkforce—allimportantdriversofknowledge-basedeconomicgrowth.WhatcanwelearnfromMr.Bjomson?ThoseManitobahighschoolstudentsareworthpraising.Thestudyofspacecanbepracticallymadeinclassrooms.Manitobahighschoolsarefamousforthestudyofspace.Scientificresearchistoofarawayfromhighschoolstudents.Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheproject?.Tofindtheearlysignsofearthquakes.Torelatestudiestopractical.Tohelphighschoolstudentsstudyreal-worldengineering.Toinspireastrongdesirefordiscoveryamongthestudents.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknowabouttheWin-Cubesatellite?.ItisnamedafterManitobaanditsshape.Itisintendedforinternationalcommunication.ItisdesignedlikeaRubik’scubebothinshapeandsize.Itischallengedbyuniversitystudentsaroundtheworld.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ManitobaSchool B.Win-CubeProgramC.SpaceCo-operation D.SatelliteLaunchingCThermoelectricgeneratorsturnwasteheatintoelectricitywithoutproducinggreenhousegasemissions,likeafreelunch.Butthehighcostofthesedeviceshaspreventedtheirwidespreaduse.Now,researchershavefoundawaytomakecheapthermae-lectricesthatworkjustaswell.Theworkcouldpavethewayforgreenercarengines,andotherenergy-generatingdevices.“Thislookslikeaverysmartwaytorealizehighperformance,”saysLi-DongZhao,amaterialsscientist.Henotestherearestillafewmorestepsbeforethesematerialscanbecomehigh-performing.However,hesays,“Thiswillbeusedinthenottoofarfuture.”Thermoelectricsaresemiconductordevicesplacedonahotsurface.Thatgivesthemahotsideandacoolside.Ifadeviceallowsthehotsidetowarmupthecoolside,theelectricitystopsflowing.Adevice’ssuccessatpreventingthis,aswellasitsabilitytoconductelectrons,feedsintoascoreknownasthefigureofmerit,orZT.ResearchershaveproducedthermoelectricmaterialswithincreasingZTs.Therecordcamein2014whenMercouriKanatzidiscameupwithatinselenidewithaZTof3.1.Yetthematerialwastoofragiletoworkwith.“Forpracticalapplications,it’sanon-star-ter,”Kanatzidissays.Gettingthroughthatdoorwillstilltakesometime.ThetinselenidetheteammakesismixedwithNa,creatinga“p-type”materialthatconductspositivecharges.Tomakeworkingdevices,researchersalsoneedan“n-type”versiontoconductnegativecharges.Zhao’steamisnowworkingonmakingann-typeversion.Oncesuccessful,researchersshouldhaveaclearpathtomakinganewgenerationofsuper-efficientthermoelectricgenera-tors.Thosecouldbeinstalledeverywherefromautomobileexhaustpipestowaterheatersandindustrialsmelterstoscavengesomeofthe65%offossilfuelenergythatwindsupaswasteheat.Thefirstparagraphwantstotellus .ThewideuseofthermoelectricgeneratorsThedevicesofcurrentthermoelectricgeneratorsThereasonwhyresearchersmakecheapthermoelectricsThegreenercarenginesthatcontributetoenvironmentalprotectionHowdoesLi-DongZhaofeelaboutcheapthermoelectricgenerators?A.Indifferent. B.Optimistic. C.Critical. D.Worried.Whatdoyouknowabouttheresearchin2014fromparagraph4and5?Itwasfarfromasuccessforpracticalapplications.AtinselenidewithaZTof3.1canbeeasytoworkwith.Researchersmadean“n-type”versiontomakeworkingdevicesA“p-type”materialmadefromthetinselenideconductsnegativechargesWhatdoestheunderlinedword“scavenge”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Recycle. B.Produce. C.Clean. D.Increase.DForyears,ZachAult,afatherofthree,enjoyedbeingphysicallyactive.Hewaseventrainingforahalf-marathon.Butin2017,hetooktimeofftorecoverfromaninfection.Afterrecovering,hetriedtocontinuehisrunsbutcouldnotcompletethem.Hewasnotabletospendtimewithhischildren.Hehadtocutbackhisjob.Evensleepingasmuchas16hoursadaymadenodifferenceinhiscondition.“Hisbodyhadliterallyhijackedhimanditwasn'tgoingtoallowhimtopushthrough,”saidAnneAult,hiswife.Aftermonthsoftesting,doctorsannouncedtheirresult-chronicfatiguesyndrome,adiseasethatmakesanindividualfeelextremelytired.Thisfatiguelastsmorethansixmonthsandbecomesworseafteranykindofphysicalexertion（费力活动）.Patientsmayhavedifficultystandingupright.Theyalsomayhavetroublethinking,oftendescribedasa“brainfog”.Therearenoapprovedtreatments,oreventeststohelpwithdiagnosis.Thereisnowaytopredictwhowillrecoverandwhowillhaveaseverecasethatlastsforyears.NowthedoctorsattheNationalInstitutesofHealth（NIH）areconductingauniquestudytolearnmoreaboutthecondition.ZachAultisoneofthesubjectsinthestudy.WhenAultridesanexercisebicycle,scientistsmeasurehowhislegmusclesuseoxygen.Afterward,doctorsfitaspecialcaponAult'sheadtomeasureelectricalactivityinhisbrain.Theythensendhimtospendthenightinanair-tightroomwhereairhasbeenremovedwithpipeforadditionalstudy.ScientistsmeasureoxygenandcarbondioxidelevelstotellhowmuchenergyAultisusing,minutebyminute.“We'refiguringouthowhisbodyadjuststoanexerciseload,orastressload.”“It'shardnotknowingiforwhenI'mgoingtorecover,”hesaid.ButAultsaysthestudydidhelphimlearnaboutthedisease.Anditgavehimideasabouthowtosaveuphisenergy.WhatwasZachAult'slifelikebefore2017?A.Hewasfondofexercising. B.Hewonseveralhalf-marathons.C.Hespentmuchtimelyinginbed. D.Hewasbusylookingafterhischildren.HowdidtheinfectionaffectZachAult?A.Helosthisjob. B.Hewasunabletosleep.C.Hebecametooweaktodosports. D.Hewastiredofrunningahalf-marathon.Whatcanwelearnaboutchronicfatiguesyndrome?Itusuallylastsnomorethanmonths.Itislikelytocausethinkingdisorders.Patientswithitneedtostayinbedalldaylong.Patientswithitshouldavoidanykindofexercise.WhatdoesZachAultthinkofthestudy?A.Ithelpedhimcurehisillness. B.Ithelpedhimrecoverandstayfit.C.Ittaughthimhowtoenjoycycling. D.Itbroughthimnewideasaboutfightingdiseases.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Agreatlifedoesn’thappenbyaccident.Agreatlifeistheresultofallocating（分配）yourtime,energyandhardworktowardswhatyouwantyourlifetobe.Stopsettingyourselfupforstressandfailure. 16 Makethefollowingsecretsfityourownneedsandstyle,andstartcreatingyourowngreatlifetoday!Agreatlifeistheresultofsimplifyingyourlife.Peopleoftenmisunderstandwhatsimplifymeans. 17 Instead,it’sawaytofreeupyourenergyandtimefortheworkthatyouenjoyandthepurposeforwhichyouarehere.Inordertocreateagreatlife,youwillhavetomakeroomforitfirst.Agreatlifeistheresultofremovingdistractions（分心之事）.Upto75%ofyourmentalenergycanbeusedinthingsthatarenotimportantbutdistractingyou.Lookaroundatsomeone’slifeyouadmire.Whatdotheydothatyouwouldliketoadoptinyourownlife?Askthemhowtheydidit. 18 Agreatlifeistheresultofyouradjustments. 19 Itmaymeanthinkingaboutagainhowyouspendyourtime,orchoosingtospendyourmoneyinadifferentway.Itmaymeanlookingfornewwaystospendyourenergythatagreewithyourparticulardefinitionofagreatlife. 20 There’stheoldsayingeveryone’sfamiliarwith“ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep”.Inordertoevenmovefromthecouchtotherefrigerator,youhavetostart.There’snobettertimetostartthantoday.It’swhatyoudoTODAYthatwillmakeadifferenceinyourlifetomorrow.A.Agreatlifeistheresultofstarting.B.Startsettingupyourlifetosupportsuccessandease.C.Agreatlifeistheresultofhavingintention.D.Soitrequiresthatyoushouldmakesomechanges.E.It’snotawaytoremoveworkfromyourlife.F.It’seasytospendyourdaysonwhatevergetsyourattention.G.Thenyouwillfindwaystofreeupyourmentalenergyformoreimportantthings.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项MyfamilyandIbelongedto（属于）acountryclublyingacrossthestreetfromtheLongIslandSound.Eachsummer,thebig___21___foruswasthepool.Ilearnedhowtoswimand___22___theswimmingteambutwasneverreallyagoodswimmer.___23___,swimminginmyyoungerdayswasawaytokeep___24___,andswimmingonateamgavemeasenseofbelonging.Forthenext30years,mostofoursummerdayswerespentaroundthatpool.In1973,Iwasmarriedandhada___25___.Whatmadeourlittlehomeevenmore___26___waswhenIdiscoveredthatfour___27___awaywasRathParkPool!Eachofmyfivekids___28___swimminglessonsandlearnedallthedifferentswimmingstyles.Theylaterjoinedtheswimteam,competedin___29___andwonprizes.Mydaughterevenbecamea___30___atthetownpool.ThoughI'dhavelikedtohavelifestand___31___,itdoesn't.Mychildrenlostinterestinswimmingandcontinuedtheirlife.Butthepoolwasstillfourblocksfrommyhome,soIbeganto___32___swimmingagain.IgotsomuchoutofitthatIjoinedthelocalpool___33___Icouldswimyear-round.WheneverIswam,Iwouldalwayscomeoutfeeling___34___.Andsittingatthebottomofthepool,Icouldalsoseethroughallofthe___35___andproblemsI'vehadinlife!Whathasswimmingtaughtme?I'velearnedthat___36___isthekeytobeingagoodswimmer.Ifyouarebalancedinthe37youhavenoresistance（阻力）.Workingonstayingbalancedmademe38thesimilaritiesbetweenlifeinandoutofthepool.Ifyou___39___keepingyourselfbalanced,youwillbeabletoswimrightthroughthestressandproblemsthatlife___40___atyou!21.A.attractionB.reserveC.destinationD.achievement22.A.ledB.formedC.coachedD.joined23.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Besides24.A.wiseB.outgoingC.coolD.confident25.A.houseB.carC.dreamD.home26.A.alarmingB.wonderfulC.popularD.familiar27.A.blocksB.milesC.stepsD.kilometers28.A.tookB.expectedC.providedD.taught29.A.teamsB.meetingsC.clubsD.matches30.A.gatekeeperB.bodyguardC.lifesaverD.doctor31.A.quietB.silentC.stillD.calm32.A.giveupB.applyforC.takeupD.adaptto33.A.whileB.thoughC.butD.so34.A.tiredB.relaxedC.stressedD.addicted35.A.differencesB.worriesC.joyD.excitement36.A.balanceB.strengthC.effortD.honesty37.A.teamB.waterC.competitionD.trip38.A.describeB.studyC.showD.realize39.A.refertoB.relatetoC.workonD.workoutA.throws B.fires C.points D.looks第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Ihaverecentlyreturnedfromanextended26-daytriptoChina.Imadetwo 41. (early)tripstoChinain2012.Onmypreviousvisitsmytravel 42. (limit)tothethreemajorcitiesofBeijing,ShanghaiandChongqing.ThistimeI,togetherwithmyfamily,wasable 43. (visit)someofthemoreremotecitiesandholidaydestinations 44. (miss)ontheprevioustripsandrevisitBeijingandShanghaitoobservethegreatchangesthereinjustfourshortyears.Themanycontradictionsand 45. (struggle)withinChinatodayareveryimpressive.Noonecanignoretherichculturedatingbacktoancienttimeschangingintothemodernageataspeedandscale 46. hasneverbeenwitnessed. 47. happens