2021届广州市萝岗区萝岗中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案

2021届广州市萝岗区萝岗中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWeareproudtopresentashowcaseforkidinventionsfromchildrenchosenfromtheKid'sForumatBluePrintEarth.Wehopeyouenjoytheideasexpressedhereandjoinusinsupportingthenextgeneration.EaterofNaturalDisastersMyinventioncansaveyourhomebysuckingupall-naturaldisasters.Thegovernmentwillnotownthismachine,butbyyousotherewillbenotaxesonit.OrderNow!TheEaterofNaturalDisasterswillrunonrenewablebatteries.Itwillcost50dollarstomakeandIwillsellitforjust$75.CreatedbyMatthewSzekeresh—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGrade.Pick-up-PollutionBombMyinventioniscalledthePick-up-PollutionBomb.Itwilljustpickuppollutionanditwon'thurtanythingelselikepeople,animals,property,playgrounds,andparks.ThereasonwhyImadeitisthatIthinkthereistoomuchpollutionontheEarth.Itsellsfor$100apiece,andifyoubuythisnow,Iwillsendyouanotheroneforfree.CreatedgratefullybyLaurenNewberry—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeFlyingHouseMyinventionisahomethatwillblastoffinspace.Forexample,iftherewereanearthquakepeoplewouldimmediatelyblastoff,oriftherewereaflooditwouldtakeoff.Onlyfor$400.99.CreatedbyDavidTurner—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeBugRobotMyinventionisarobotthatcatcheslittlebugs,eatslittlebugs,sucksuppollution,sucksupnaturaldisasters,andturnsthemintofoodsolvingtheproblemsoftoomanylittlebugs,naturaldisasters,pollutionandstarvation.Myproductisworth$500.Myinventionworkson2triple—Abatteries.AndifyouorderonetodayI'llthrowin4rechargeabletriple-Abatteries.CreatedbyCassieCourtey—Mt.WashingtonElementary,5thGradeWhyistheFlyingHousecreated?A.Toexplorethespace. B.Tocleantheair.C.Topreparepeopleforearthquakes.D.Tohelppeopleescapefromnaturaldisasters.Whichinventioncanturnpollutionintofood?A.TheBugRobot. B.ThePick-up-PollutionBomb.C.TheFlyingHouse. D.TheEaterofNaturalDisasters.Whatcanweinferaboutthefourinventions?A.Theyareveryeasytobuild. B.Theyareideasfromkidsinthesameschool.C.Theyareexpensivebutofpracticaluse. D.Theyarebeingusedbypeople.BGlobally,peopleuseroofstodryoutfood,dotheirlaundryandsleep.InBelfast,wherewe'rebased,there'sacultureofenjoyinglookingdownonthecityfromuphigh,becauseit'sinavalley.Butbecausewewereaconflictareaforalongtime,manypeopledidn'twanttolive,workorhangoutinthecity,andourroofscapehasbeenneglected.Rooftopprojectscanbeasbigorassmallasyouwant.Theycanbeusedassocialorculturalspaces,forgreenorbluepublicfacilities.Butit'snotjustaboutcommercialopportunities;itcanbeassimpleasanindividualturninghis/hercitybalconyintoaminigardenorvegetablepatch.It'snotjustaboutdoingitonarooftopbecauseit's“cool”.It'saboutgivingupthedeep-rootedthoughtthatroofsareofflimitsandembracingtheirchallengesasopportunities.Thatcanmakeahugedifference.Forinstance,we'rehelpingturntherooftopcarparkofacitycentralshoppingcentreintoanoutdoorspaceforemployees,duetorestrictionstheynowfaceindoorsbecauseofCOVID-19.Usingrooftopscreativelyallowsustocopewithmanyofthechallengesfacedbycitiestoday--bethoseenvironmental,social,technological,orcultural.Atthemoment,we'rebeingforcedtorethinkhowweusepublicspacesduetoCOVID-19.Withlotsofrestrictionsonenclosedareas,weshouldbeacknowledgingrooftopsalternatives.Forexample,Rotterdamrecentlyhostedaplaythattookplaceacrossitsrooftops.Eachrooflitupandhostedadifferentpartofthedrama,whileresidentssatandwatched,listeningtotheactionthroughheadphones.Arethereanychallenges?Rainisone.Alsoishealthandsafety.Buttherearecreativeandpracticalsolutionstoallthebarriersweface.Infact,thechallengesarewhatmakerooftopssoexciting becausetheygiveyouevenmoreopportunitiestobecreativeandsolveproblems.Itisalwaysamatteroftrialanderror.Whatcanwelearnaboutrooftopsinthefirsttwoparagraphs?Peopleenjoygettingtogetheronrooftops.Peoplecanuserooftopstotheirownadvantage.RooftopsaremadegooduseofbylocalsinBelfast.Rooftopsprojectswerelaunchedforcommercialreasons.Howcanrooftopsbenefitpeopleintheirlife?Rooftopscanbeadaptedtocarparks.Rooftopshelpsolveenvironmentalproblems.Rooftopscanprovidespaceforworkandplay.Peoplecanexchangetheirthoughtsonrooftops.Whatwillbepossiblymentionedafterthelastparagraph?Thenewchallengesofthefuture.Reasonsforbuildingrooftopprojects.Excitingdevelopmentofrooftopprojects.Solutionstothechallengeswearefacingnow.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?TointroducerooftopprojectsinBelfast.Toencouragepeopletostartrooftopprojects.Toanalyzethecurrentsituationofrooftopprojects.Tooffersuggestionsonlong-termcitydevelopment.CMoveover,helicopterparents.“Snowplow（扫雪机）parents”arethenewestreflectionofanintensive（强化的）parentingstylethatcanincludeparentsbookingtheiradultchildrenhaircuts,textingtheircollegekidstowakethemupsotheydon’tsleepthroughatest,andevencallingtheirkids’employers.Helicopterparentingthepracticeofwanderinganxiouslynearone’schildren,monitoringtheireveryactivity,isso20thcentury.Somerichmothersandfathersnowaremorelikesnowplows:machinesmovingahead,clearinganydifficultiesintheirchildren’spathtosuccess,sotheydon’thavetosufferfailure,frustration（挫折）orloseopportunities.Itstartsearly,whenparentsgetonwaitlistsforexcellentpreschoolsbeforetheirbabiesarebornandtrytomakesuretheirkidsneverdoanythingthatmayfrustratethem.Itgetsmoreintensewhenschoolstarts:runningforgottenhomeworktoschoolorcallingacoachtorequestthattheirchildrenmaketheteam.Richparentsmayhavemoretimeandmoneytodevotetomakingsuretheirchildrendon’tevermeetwithfailure,butit’snotonlyrichparentspracticingsnowplowparenting.Thisintensiveparentinghasbecomethemostwelcomewaytoraisechildren,regardlessofincome,education,orrace.Yes,it’saparent’sjobtosupportthechildren,andtousetheiradultwisdomtoprepareforthefuturewhentheirchildrenaren’tmatureenoughtodoso.That’swhyparentshidecertaintoysfrombabiestoavoidgettingangryortakeawayateenager’scarkeysuntilhefinisheshiscollegeapplications.Butsnowplowparentscantakeittoofar,someexpertssay.Ifchildrenhaveneverfacedadifficulty,whathappenswhentheygetintotherealworld?“Solvingproblems,takingrisksandovercomingfrustrationarekeylifeskills,”manychilddevelopmentexpertssay,“andifparentsdon’tlettheirchildrenexperiencefailure,thechildrendon’tacquirethem.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutsnowplowparenting?A.Itappearedbeforehelicopterparenting.Itcostsparentslessthanhelicopterparenting.Itwasatypicalphenomenonofthe20thcentury.Itprovidesmorethanenoughservicesforchildren.WhatismainlydiscussedaboutsnowplowparentinginParagraph4?A.Itscost. B.Itsbenefits. C.Itspopularity. D.Itsending.Whydoestheauthormentionparents’takingawaycarkeys?Toshowteenagersarenobetterthanbabies.Toadviseteenagersnottotreattheircarsastoys.Toadviseparentsnottobuycarsfortheirteenagers.Toshowit’sappropriatetohelpchildrenwhennecessary.What’sthepossibleresultofsnowplowparentingaccordingtotheexperts?Childrenlackingproblem-solvingabilityinreality.Childrenmasteringmorekeylifeskillsthanparents.Childrengaininggreatsuccessineveryaspectoflife.Childrenmeetingnoproblemsorfrustrationaftergrowingup.DI’velongbelievedthatpositivelivingisn’taboutbeingoptimisticeveryminuteofeveryday.Thatkindofpermanentlyhappystatecan’tbethegoal,becauseit’simpossibletoachieve.Itturnsoutthatpsychologicalresearchfindstruehappinesscomesfromauthenticpositivity,andauthenticpositivitycomesfromemotionalflexibility.Beingflexibleemotionallymeansbeingopentothefullrangeofemotionalexperiences,includingthechallengingoneslikeanger,disappointmentandsadness.Emotionalflexibilitymeansbeingabletoshiftbehaviorsandmindsetstomeetdifferentsituationalneeds,andadaptingwhencircumstanceschange.However,emotionallyflexiblepeoplearenotchameleons（变色龙）whoseoutlookchangesbasedonwhichwaythewindisblowing.Instead,emotionalflexibilityisaskillthathelpspeoplejudgethecomplexitiesofdailylife,andsticktotheirdeeplyheldvalues.I’velearnedanewwordthatI’dliketosharewithyou:Eudaimonia（幸福感）.Eudaimoniaistheoppositeofhedonism（享乐主义）,theideathathappinesscomesfromtheconstantpursuitofpleasureandavoidanceofpain.Eudaimonia,bycontrast,encouragesustopursuemeaningandauthenticity,growthandhonestjoy.Botharephilosophicalapproachestohappiness,andrecentpsychologicalthoughtisleaningtowardeudaimoniaasamoresustainable,satisfyingmodel.EudaimoniawasfirstmentionedbyAristotle,whogotthetermfromtheGreekword“daimon,”whichmeans“truenature.”Tome,walkingapositivepathmeansacceptingthatweeachhavepositivetruenatureandpermanentgoodness.Whatwelearnfromtheconceptofeudaimoniaisthatwearebestequippedtorealizethisnaturewhenweareemotionallyhonestandflexible.Whatistheauthor’sbelief?Peopleshouldlivealone.Peoplecan’talwaysbehappy.Peoplecan’talwaysachievetheirgoals.Peopleshouldpursuetrueachievements.Whatdoenmotionallyflexiblepeoplecommitthemselvesto?A.Theirstronglybelievedvalues. B.Theirdifferentneeds.C.Permanenthappiness. D.Thepursuitofhedonism.Howcanpeoplegaineudaimoniaaccordingtotheauthor?A.Bybeinghonesttoothers. B.Bychangingtruenature.C.Bykeepingrealsticallyoptimistic. D.Bypursuingpleasureconstantly.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?Whatisthemeaningofeudaimonia?Whatshouldwedotokeeppositive?Howcanwekeephappyforever?Whycan’tpeoplebehappyallthetime?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项七选五It’snormaltowakeuponthewrongsideofthebedeverynowandthen.Butwhowantstobeunhappyforanentireday?Thereareafewsimplestepstomaketodayabrighterdayforyou.WakeupearlyBywakingupevenjustfifteenminutesearlier,you’llgiveyourselfabitmoretimetoprepareyourselfforthedayahead. 16 .Soyoushouldconsidersettingyouralarmforthetimewhenyouwanttobeupandoutofbed. 17 Exercisingyourmusclesfirstinthemorningwillrestartyoursystemandsetthetonefortherestoftheday.You'lldosomethinghealthyandproductive,whichwillliftyourmood（心情）andmakeyoumoreenergetic.Morningexercisecanalsopreventmusclepain,helpyousleepsounderandloseweight.Writeato-dolistIfyouhavealotonyourmind,writingato-dolistwillhelp,asitwillenableyoutoorganizeyourthoughtsandclearyourhead.Justwritedowneverythingthatyou’reworriedaboutgettingdone.Thenrewriteitinorderofimportance. 18 .HaveaproperbreakfastBeforeyougoaboutyourday,itisimportanttoeatbreakfast.19.Don’ttrytorushorjustgrab（抓紧吃）somethingonthego.Besuretoeatsomethingthatwillfillyouupaswell,suchasmilkorfriedeggs!Washandpresentyourselfnicely 20 .Thiswillalsomakeyoufeelmoreconfident.Ifyouwanttotreatyourself,runabathinsteadofashower.You’llfindthatalittleme-timecanreallycheerupyourday.DomorningexerciseTakeyourtimeoveritExerciseatleasttwiceaweekEatasmanyvegetablesaspossibleforthebreakfastIt’sawiseideatoshowerandmakeyourselflooktidySoyoucanfocusonthemosturgent（紧急的）tasksrightawayYoucanalsotakethingsslowly,ratherthanrushandstressyourselfout第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Anyonewhohasevertravelledonairplanesknowshowannoyingdelays（延误）are.Notonlydothey 21 usfromgettingwhereweneedtobe 22 ,theyarealsoreallyboring.That’swhysomeSouthwestAirlinesemployeestriedto 23 theirpassengerswhentheywerehitwithatwo-hourdelaybyholdinga（n） 24 driver’slicensephotocontest（比赛）!Kristen,apassenger,was 25 atfirstwhenherflightwasdelayedforseveralhours.However,heranger 26 whenthegateagentannouncedthestartofa（n） 27 gamecalled“Winaprizefortheworstdriver’slicensepicture”.“MyflighttoWashington,D.C.hadbeendelayedforalmosttwoandahalfhoursandIwasgettingheateduntilthisgateagent 28 playinggameswitheveryonewaitingtopassthetime,afterwhichIstartedthinkingI’llbewillingto 29 hereallnightifyoukeepthisup,”Kristenwroteinherpost,addingthegamewas 30 .Kristen,whowas 31 toWashington,D.C.fromOrlandotovisitfriends,praisedSouthwestAirlinesinherpost,andsomeonefromthecompanyquickly 32 .“I’mgladouragentwasabletomakethedelayalittlemore 33 foryouall,Kristen!We 34 tohaveyouonyourwayassoonaspossible,”thespokespersonsaid,addingwhenKristenaskedthecompanyto 35 theprizetotheOrlando-basedteam,“sendoveryourconfirmation,andI’llbesuretheygettherecognitiontheydeserve!”WhenKristenlaterdescribedher 36 toreporters,shesaid 37 fortheworstphotosincludedSouthwestproductsand$25vouchers（代金券）towardfutureflights.“Iwasreallyannoyedthattheflightkeptgettingdelayed,”Kristensaid.“Oncehestartedplayinggames,Iwas 38 andhavingagreattimeanddidn’teven 39 thattheflightwasdelayed.”Nowondersomanypeople 40_____Southwest!21.A.preventB.freeC.separateD.rescue22.A.inturnB.onpurposeC.ontimeD.inshort23.A.announceB.entertainC.urgeD.drop24.A.bestB.earliestC.largestD.worst25.A.confusedB.angryC.frightenedD.patient26.A.boiledB.returnedC.disappearedD.remained27.A.funnyB.finalC.differentD.important28.A.consideredB.continuedC.admittedD.started29.A.sleepB.waitC.performD.work30.A.amazingB.challengingC.disappointing D.disturbing31.A.movingB.runningC.flyingD.driving32.A.doubtedB.decidedC.apologizedD.replied33.A.competitiveB.bearableC.accessibleD.practical34.A.agreeB.regretC.hopeD.volunteer35.A.showB.presentC.winD.buy36.A.imaginationsB.conditionC.concernsD.experience37.A.prizesB.plansC.servicesD.appeals38.A.wavingB.shoutingC.laughingD.dancing39.A.knowB.suspectC.mentionD.mind40.A.loveB.understandC.needD.follow第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TheFirsttimesomeonethoughtofanideasimilartoaparachute(降落伞)wasin1514.ItwasLeonardodaVinci 41. sketcheditsdesigninhisnotebook.Manyyearslater,anothermanbythenameofFaustoVeranziopublishedhisowndesign,whichwasstrikinglysimilarto 42. ofDaVinci.Veranziowenton 43. (explain)exactlyhowthisdevicewouldworkwhenjumpingfromahighplace.However,thefirstmantosuccessfullytrytheparachute 44. (say)tobeaFrenchmannamedJ.P.Blanchard.Hedroppedalittledogsittinginabasketallby 45. (it)fromahotairballooninflightandwatcheditlandontheground 4