2021届佛山市许海中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析

2021届佛山市许海中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheInternetcanprovideawealthofeducationalresourcesforsmallchildren,ifyouknowwheretolook.EnchantedLearningEnchantedlearningisagreatwebsiteforchildren,andIknowseveralteacherswhorelyonitformaterialsfortheirclassrooms.Mostoftheinformationisfree,butfor$20.00peryear,youcanpurchaseamembershipthatallowsyoutohaveaccesstothesitewithouttheadvertising.Thepagesherearegreat.Therearecolor1edpagesandworksheetsfortoddlers（学步儿童）andschool-agechildren.StarfallStarfallisanothergoodeducationalwebsiteforsmallchildren.Teachersoftenusethiswebsiteinclassrooms.Itemphasizesreadingskillsforearlylearners.Thewebsiteisaimedatfirst-grade-levellearners,butithastoolsthatcanhelpallchildrenfrompre-Ktosecondgrade.Thewebsitehasreadingactivities,worksheetstodownload,andastorewhereyoucanpurchaseeducationalmaterialsforyourchildren.SesameStreetWorkshopKidsloveSesameStreet,anditisalwayseducational.Thisisoneofthefunniestwebsitesonlineforchildrenbecauseitisverywellanimatedandhasgreatsoundeffects.Thewebsitehasgamesandstoriesforsmallkids,andtheycancreatelettersatthepostofficeandmailthemtotheirfavoritecharacters.WhydoesEnchantedLearningofferpurchasingmemberships?Chargingfortheinformation.Chargingfordownloadingmaterials.Givingaccesstothesitewithouttheads.Providingunlimitedsearchformorepages.Wherecanyoubuyeducationalmaterialsforyourchildren?A.EnchantedLearning B.StarfallC.SesameStreetWorkshop D.ColoredpagesWhatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduce.Todiscuss.Topersuade.D.Toeducate.BAcrew（全体成员）ofsixteenagegirlscompletedanine-daysailingtripintheUSrecently,afterhavingseasicknessandstrongwinds.Forthepastthreeyears,theSeaCadetteenagerswhosetsailwereallmale.RogerNoakes,whocaptained（担任队长）theboat,saidthiswasthefirsttimehe’dtakenoutanall-femalecrew.Thegirlsaskedforanall-girlstripinAugustthisyear.Thecrewsetsailalongwiththreeadults,NoakesandtwoSeaCadetrepresentatives.Theoriginalplanwasforthegirlstosail24hoursadayinrotatingshifts（轮流换班）alongthecoastandthenreturn.Thingsturnedoutdifferently,however.“Thefirstnightwasdifficultbecausethewindwasreallyhard.Thewavesweregoingupanddown,”saidAbbyFairchild,16.“Everybodygotseasick.”Noakesgavethegirlsthechoiceofjustsailinginthebayandnotgoingintoopenwater.“Buttheydecidedtheyweregoing.”Theteenagersthensailedalongwayovernightandsleptinshifts.“We’velearnedeverythingfromcontrollingtheboattoputtingupthesailswhilewehaveroughseas,”said15-year-oldOliviaWilcox.TheteenagersstoppedonlandinMassachusetts.Theydidn’tmakeittotheiroriginaldestination（目的地）inMaine,wheretheyweresupposedtohaveacelebratorydinner,duetotheweatherandwinds.Theysaidtheyweren’tdisappointed,however,asthey’dlearnedalot.“Theylearnedaboutboating,andaboveall,theybuiltconfidenceandcharacter,”saidNoakes.WhatwasspecialabouttheSeaCadettripthisyear?Itwasthelongestsailingtripever.Itwasthefirstall-female-crewsailingtrip.Itwasthemostdangeroussailingtripever.Itwasthefirstsailingtripforteenagers.Whathappenedonthecrew’sfirstdayofthetrip?Theyallfeltsickontheboat.Someofthemwerehurt.Theirboatwasoutofcontrol.Theywentintoopenwaterbymistake.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheseyoungsailors?Strong-mindedandhavingastrongsenseofteamwork.Hard-workingandhavinggreatleadershipskills.C.Understandingandcreative.D.Adventurousandskillful.AccordingtoNoakes,whatwasthesailors’greatestbenefitfromthetrip?Theyknewtheseabetter.Theymademanyfriends.Theygotexcellentsailingskills.Theydevelopedgoodpersonalities.CAChinesespaceminingcompanyhasdesignedarobotthatcancapturewastematerialleftbehindbyspacecraftinouterspacewithabignet.Thestate-runXinhuanewsagencyrecentlyreportedthattherobotlaunchedonthegovernment'sLongMarch6rocketalongwithseveralsatellites.Therobotwillalsoinvestigatedeepspacetoobservesmallobjectsintheuniverse.The30-kilogramrobot,calledNEO-01,wasdevelopedbyOriginSpace.Poundedin2019andbasedinthesouthernChinesetechhub（技术中心内卜0门2卜06OriginSpacehasbeendevotedtoexploringandusingspaceresources,accordingtothecompany.Thecompanysaystherobotwillleadthewayforfuturetechnologiescapableofminingonasteroids（小行星）.Theworld'sfirstasteroidminingcompany,PlanetaryResources,wasestablishedin2009.Sincethen,morethan12businessesaroundtheworldhaveenteredtheindustry,including3DSystemsoftheUnitedStatesandJapan'sAstroscale.Astroscale'stechnologyusesmagnets（磁铁）togatherupspacewaste.ButareportontheOriginSpacewebsitesaysNEO-01willuseanettocapturewasteandthenbumit.Thousandsofsatelliteshavebeenlaunchedworldwide.Astheyareusedtoolong,manyendupaswasteandputotheroperatingsatellitesatrisk.SuMengisthefounderofOriginSpace.Hesaidthecompanyplanstolaunchmanyspacetelescopesandmorespacecrafttobeginthefirstfor-profitminingofasteroidsby2045.SuaddedthatNEO-01willserveasaprototype（雏形）offuturespaceminingrobots,whichcanuserichmineralresourcesonasteroidstosupportthedevelopmentofthespaceindustry.TheXinhuanewsagencyreportedthatChinawasincreasingeffortstolandaspacecraftonanear-Earthasteroidtocollectmaterials.Chinaisalsospeedingupaplantobuildadefensesystemagainstnear-Earthasteroids.ThecountryaimstofollowRussiaandtheUnitedStatesinbecomingamajorspacepowerby2030.WhichofthefollowingcancorrectlydescribeNEO-01?Itweighs60kilograms.ItwascreatedbyPlanetaryResources.Itwillbeburntafterfinishingitsmission.Itismainlyusedtocatchspacewaste.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?Chinawillbethemostpowerfulinspaceby2030.OriginSpacewillopenmoreminesonasteroids.Itisthoseuselesssatellitesthatmakespacewaste.Therobotwilllookintodeepspaceformorewaste.WhatdoesSuMengthinkofNEO-01?A.Itispromisingandrewarding. B.Ithasbenefitedthespaceindustry.C.It'salongwaytoproduceit. D.It'llhelpmakemoneyforthecompany.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?NEO-01,ASmartRobotUsedinSpaceAChineseRobotCanCatchSpaceWasteANewRobotMakesChinaaSpacePowerNEO-01,thePioneerofFutureSpaceRobotsDManyofusinChinaenjoyaddingchilies（辣椒）toourfood,butdidyouknowthatthisspicyvegetablecouldalsobedangerous?A34-year-oldUSmanrecentlyendedupinhospitalaftereatingaCarolinaReaper—thespiciestchiliintheworld.Aftertakingjustasinglebiteofone,themansufferedfromseriousheadachesinthefollowingfewdays,reportedBBCNews.Infact,reportsofstomachacheandheadachecausedbyeatingspicyfoodarenotsomethingunusual.Butifchiliesareharmful,whyisitthathumanbeingsaretheonlyanimalstoeatthisvegetable?AccordingtothewebsiteHuanqiu,about600millionChinesepeople—almosthalfofthenationalpopulation—arechilieaters.Sowhatmakespeoplelovechiliessomuch?Thehumanbodyreactstotheburningfeelingthatcomesfromeatingchiliesbyreleasingnaturalchemicalsthat“produceasenseofhappiness”,notedBBCNews.Andthebenefitsgoevenfurtherthanjustpersonalenjoyment.AsurveyconductedbytheChineseAcademyofMedicalSciencesfoundthatthedeathrateofthosewhoeatspicyfoodonceortwiceaweekis10percentlowerthanthosewhoeatitlessthanonceaweek.Thenumberdecreasedto14percentforthosewhoeatspicyfoodsixtoseventimesaweek.AndanotherstudydonebytheUniversityofVermontcametoasimilarconclusion.“Thedataencouragespeopletoeatmorespicyfoodtoimprovehealthandreducedeathriskatanearlyage,”LiuQi,anutritionistattheHarvardTHChanSchoolofPublicHealth,toldBBCNews.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualityandtheabilitytoincreaseourmetabolism（新陈代谢）.So,don'tworryifyoulovespicyfood.Itseemsthatchiliesareactuallygoodforus—exceptfortheCarolinaReaper,perhaps.Theexampleofa34-year-oldAmericanismentionedinParagraph1toprove .A.chiliescanbebeneficial B.chiliesarepopularinAmericaC.chiliescanbedangerous D.seriousheadachescanbedangerousEatingchiliesgivespeopleasenseofhappinessby .A.decreasingdeathrate B.releasingnaturalchemicalsC.curingseriousheadaches D.providingenoughnutritionWhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?Humanaretheonlyanimalstoeatchilies.Stomachacheandheadachescausedbychiliesissomethingunusual.Themorechiliesyoueat,thehealthieryouare.Chilieshaveanti-cancerqualitybutitcan'tincreaseourmetabolism.Thewriterwrotethepassageto .A.warnpeopleofthedangersofchilies B.askpeopletoeatCarolinaReaperC.encouragepeopletoeatmorechilies D.tellpeoplethebenefitsofchilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Whatwillyoueatforlunchtoday?Insomecountrieslunchtimeoftenmeanssouptime!Therearemanykindsofsoupsservedaroundtheworld.___16___Someareasthickasstews.Othersarefullofnoodles!Soupisjustonethingthatcanbeeatenforlunch,whatyoueatforlunchmaybedifferentfromthelunchofsomeonewholivesinanothercountry.Let'stakealookaroundtheworldtoseewhatkidsareeatingforlunch.MexicoManychildreninMexicoeattortillasforlunch.Mosttortillasaremadefromgroundcorn,butsometimeswheatisused.Tortillasareusuallyflatandround.___17___Tacoshellsaremadefromcorntortillasandfilledwithbeansormeat.Tastysaucesareoftenaddedtotacos.Thesesaucesaremadefromtomatoes,onions,hotpeppersandspices.Russia 18 Maybethat'swhymanyRussianchildreneatsoupforlunch.Twooftheirfavoritesarecabbagesoupandbeetsoup.ManyRussiansoupsalsoincludepotatoes.PotatoesareanimportantcropinRussia.___19___Eatingthicksoupscanhelpkeeppeoplewarmandcanfillthemup,sohungerisnoproblem!SouthKoreaMealsinKoreaaremadeupofmanydishes.Nomatterwhatelseisserved,thereisalwaysrice.Kimchiisalsoalwaysonthetable. 20 Koreanchildrenmixtogethermanydishesandflavorsatmeals.It'scommonfortheirfoodtobehotandspicy.Buttheycanalsobemadeintoothershapes.Therearemanywaystoservenoodles.WintersinRussiaareverycold.Someareasthinandclearaswater.Itispickled（腌制的）meatorvegetables.MostRussianpeopledislikesoup.Theymakesoupsthick.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项完形填空（共20小题；每小题21.5分，满分30分）Duringmylifetime,I’velearntsomethingimportant:it’sgoodtolearnnewskillsoutsideofyourcomfortzone.Aboutsevenyearsago,Istartedlearninghowtopaintasa___21___.Iwasprettyterrible.Everythinglooked___22___,andmycolor1sweretotallyoff.MyfriendsandcolleaguessuggestedthatIstop___23___mytimeonsomethingIwasn’tgoodat.“___24___onyourdayjob,”theysaid.Ikeptatit—practicing,takingclasses,findingtheright___25___whocouldguideme.Iamnow 26 “good”.Today,thesamefriendssayIwasbornwiththis___27___.Thesamething___28___whenIstartedpianoandsinginglessonsacoupleofyearsago.Commentsshiftedfrom,“Stopwastingyourtimeandfocusonwhatyouknow,”to“You’vegotamusicalgene（基因）.”These___29___originatefromlong-heldbeliefsthatgrowthisusuallynotpossibleforadults.Evenwhenthereisevidenceoflearning,itcanbe 30 toinborntalent.Mostscientificstudiesonadulthoodfocusoncognitivedecline（认知下降）,ratherthan 31 ,suggestingthatevenscientistsmaythinkthatdevelopmentislimitedinadulthood.Afewrecentstudiessuggestthat 32 newskills,suchasphotography,foreventhreemonthsmaystrengthenthefunctioningofthebraininadults.Iwouldtakethesestudiesonestepfurthertoarguethata(n) 33 causeofcognitivedeclineisthefactthatadultslearnfewernewskills 34 tochildren.Ifwecan 35 howtolearnwellasadults,thenperhapswecan 36 cognitivedecline.Adultsareoften 37 togooutsideoftheircomfortzones.Wefearlooking 38 formakingmistakes;wefearfailurecouldcostusourjobs.Perhapsareasonwhywesufferfromcognitivedeclineisthatwedonotengageinlearningnewskillsformanyyears.TobettercommunicatewithmyGermanfriends,IamstartingtolearnGerman.I’m 39 atthe“listeningandbabbling(咿呀学语)”phase.Sure,somemaylaughatanadultbabbling,butIhopeonedayIcan 40 Germanfluently,andinspiremanyotheradultstolearnlikeababy.22.A.hobbyB.dreamC.jobD.measure23.A.perfectB.brightC.dullD.enjoyable24.A.takingB.wastingC.puttingD.getting25.A.CountB.DependC.FocusD.Congratulate26.A.friendsB.teachersC.colleaguesD.partners27.A.concludedB.realizedC.consideredD.described28.A.characterB.spiritC.talentD.power29.A.happenedB.foundC.mentionedD.showed30.A.suggestionsB.achievementsC.resultsD.comments31.A.reportedB.owedC.forcedD.addicted32.A.failureB.changeC.adaptationD.growth33.A.catchingB.arrangingC.learningD.holding34.A.importantB.strangeC.insignificantD.useful35.A.preparedB.comparedC.intendedD.provided36.A.breakoutB.giveoutC.bringoutD.figureout37.A.interruptB.preventC.masterD.influence38.A.unreasonableB.uncertainC.unwillingD.undoubted39.A.stupidB.upsetC.crazyD.ugly40.A.clearlyB.presentlyC.continuallyD.occasionally41.A.writeB.readC.listenD.speak第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TheChineseWritingSystem:ConnectingthePastandthePresentChinais___41.___（wide）knownforitsancientcivilisation.Therearemanyreasons 42. thishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinese 43. （write）system. 44. thebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbols 45. （become）awell-developedwritingsystem.BytheQinDynasty,theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelop 46. onedirection.Thewritingsystemwasofgreat 47. （important）inunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.China'spresentis48.（connect）withitspastbywrittenChinese.Today,theChinesewritingsystemisstill 49. importantpartofChineseculture.AndmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthis 50. （amaze）language.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节短文改错（满分10分）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误