制胜中考语法chapter13定语从句

中考语法Chapter13AttributeClause定从基本概念如果由一个句子来充当一个词的定语，如果由一个句子来充当一个词的定语，那么这个句字就被称为________。定语从句定从基本概念被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句由关系词引导。修饰名词或代词的从句。定语从句：先行词：定从基本概念先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhose我们先来认识一下关系代词，对它们有初步印象括号的含义是可以省略不填。定从基本概念定从基本概念引导从句关系代词的作用指代先行词在定语从句中充当成分定从基本概念来看一个例子定从基本概念Thegirlwhositsbesidemeismysister.关系代词()括号内是定语从句其余部分是主句主句的主语也是先行词引导了从句定从基本概念判断出定语从句的位置定语从句的关键选择合适的关系代词定从基本概念判断出定语从句的位置Theboywhostandsoverthererunsveryfast.如果先行词是主句的主语Theboywhostandsoverthererunsveryfast.如果先行词是主句的主语主句的主语也是先行词那么定语从句从关系代词开始Theboy

whostandsoverthererunsveryfast.如果先行词是主句的主语那么定语从句从关系代词开始到最后一个动词前面结束关系代词Theboy

whostandsoverthererunsveryfast.如果先行词是主句的主语那么定语从句从关系代词开始到最后一个动词前面结束()最后一个动词Iliketheboywhostandsoverthere.如果先行词是主句的宾语或者表语Iliketheboywhostandsoverthere.如果先行词是主句的宾语或者表语主句的宾语也是先行词那么定语从句从关系代词开始Iliketheboy

whostandsoverthere.如果先行词是主句的宾语或者表语那么定语从句从关系代词开始关系代词一直到句子结尾Iliketheboy

whostandsoverthere.如果先行词是主句的宾语或者表语那么定语从句从关系代词开始一直到句子结尾句子的结尾()定语从句总是从________开始。总结关系代词如果先行词是主句的主语，定语从句一直到________________结束。最后一个动词前面如果先行词是主句的宾语或者表语，定语从句一直到__________结束。句子的末尾定从基本概念判断出定语从句的位置定语从句的关键选择合适的关系代词定从基本概念选择合适的关系代词Thewoman_______gavehimthemoneywasyoung.给他钱的那个女人年纪不大。定从基本概念who/that先行词指代____在从句中做____人主语（）先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhoseMrs.Smith_____youmetyesterdayisafriendofmine.你昨天见的那个史密斯夫人是我的一个朋友。定从基本概念who先行词指代____在从句中做____人宾语（）(whom/that)先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhoseHeworeamask(面具)_________isgiftofhisbirthday.他戴的面具是他的生日礼物。定从基本概念which/that先行词指代____在从句中做____物主语（）先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhoseThisisthefilm_________I’dliketosee.这就是我想看的那场电影。定从基本概念which/that先行词指代____在从句中做____物宾语（）先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhoseThisisthescientist______nameisknowntoall.这就是那个尽人皆知的科学家。定从基本概念whose先行词指代____在从句中做____人定语（）先行词是人先行词是物作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语(who/that/whom)(which/that)作定语whosewhose请完成P238小试身手及底部合并句子P238小试身手-Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?A.heB.thatC.whomD.which√-Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.P238小试身手Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where√P238小试身手Thisisthebook________coveristorn.A.theirB.whichC.whoseD.where√P238小试身手Theprofessor________theywanttovisitisthepresidentoftheuniversity.A.himB.thatC.whomD.which√√P238小试身手Thisistheplace_____Ihaveevervisited.A.thereB.whenC.whereD.which√P238-[2]合并句子Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungbrother.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.Thewoman(whom/that)youweretalkingaboutisherenow.P238-[2]合并句子whoseP238-[3]Theman____________________________gavemeareward.(Ifoundandreturnedhiswallet.)whosewalletIfoundandreturnedwhoseP238-[3]Parents_______________________________areusuallyveryproud.(theirchildrengraduatefromcollege)whosechildrengraduatefromcollegewhoseP238-[3]Theteacher__________________________wenttoJapantoteachEnglish.(Itookhisclasslastsemester)whoseclassItooklastsemester只能用that不能用which的情况P239-[4]疑问句限定词不定代词有人有物只用that不用which只能用that不能用which的情况P239-[4]当先行词是不定代词，如all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,theone等IwanttheoneTHATwasborrowedyesterday.Thereislittle(that)Icandoforyou.只能用that不能用which的情况P239-[4]-a先行词（指物的）前面有only,any,few,oneof,little,no,all,every,very,just等词修饰时。There'snodifficultyTHATwecan'tovercome.TheSpidermanisjustthefilmTHATIwanttosee.只能用that不能用which的情况ThisisthefirstletterTHATI'vewritteninEnglish.先行词被序数词first,last,next等或形容词的最高级修饰时SheisthemostcarefulgirlTHATI'veeverknown.P239-[4]-b只能用that不能用which的情况TheytalkedaboutthepeopleandplacesTHATtheyhadvisited.当先行词是即有人又有物时P239-[4]-c只能用that不能用which的情况WhichisthebikeTHATyoulost?当主句中已有疑问词who或which时P239-[4]-d请完成P239翻译及小试身手Theonlything(that)theycandoiswaiting.Thisistheverypen(that)youboughtyesterday.他们唯一能做的事就是等待。这正是你昨天买的笔。P239翻译Thereisnothingintheworld____canfrightenhim.Theonlygames____Iplayarefootballandtennis.Heistheonlystudent____understandsEnglishwell.thatthatthatP239小试身手Thesecondbook____IwanttoreadisTravelsinChina.Thisistheveryman____Ihavebeenlookingfor.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.thatthatthatP239小试身手关系代词与关系副词P240-二-[1]关系副词表示时间表示地点表示原因whenwherewhythatwhowhichwhenwherewhy如果缺少的是主语或者宾语，我们补关系代词我们只需要看从句中缺什么成分就好如果不缺宾语，缺少的是状语，我们补关系副词关系代词与关系副词P240-二-[1]Thisistheplace_________Ivisitedyearsago.that/whichvisit是及物动词，后面缺的是宾语，因为平时说的是类似于visitShanghai或者visityou的句子关系代词与关系副词P240-三看从句中缺什么成分此处缺visit的宾语Thisistheplace_______Ilivedyearsago.wherelive后面缺的是状语，因为平时说的是类似于liveinShanghai的句子inShanghai是状语，而非宾语关系代词与关系副词P240-三此处缺live的状语看从句中缺什么成分=Thisistheday__________wemet.ononThisisthedaywhenwemet.关系代词与关系副词P241-三whichwemetthedayYoushouldremembertoputthebookbacktotheplace__________itbelongs.totoYoushouldremembertoputthebookbacktotheplacewhereitbelongs.关系代词与关系副词P241-三whichitbelongstheplace关系代词与关系副词P241-三总结：关系副词=_______+_______介词which千万不能填写that请完成P240小试身手×2P240小试身手Ibuymygroceriesatastore______________________________.(Icanbuyfreshproducefoodsatthatstore)whereIcanbuyfreshproducefoodsP240小试身手Theteacherdidn’tgiveatestontheday________________________________.(Somestudentscelebrateaholidayonthatday)whensomestudentscelebrateaholidayP240小试身手Thisisthereason______________________.(Wehavetostudyhardforthisreason)whywehavetostudyhardP241小试身手ThedaywhenImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife.ThedayonwhichImetthefamouspopstarwasthegreatestdayofmylife.P241小试身手IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhenIlivedwithher.IshallneverforgetthoseyearsinwhichIlivedwithher.P241小试身手Shewantstogototheplacewheresheandherhusbandgoeveryyear.Shewantstogototheplacetowhichsheandherhusbandgoeveryyear.她想去她和丈夫每年度假都会去的地方。限定与非限定性定语从句P241-四Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.对哥哥的性质进行了说明，暗示还有其他哥哥。对哥哥进行了补充，暗示只有这个哥哥。比较限定与非限定性定语从句P241-四Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.对书籍的性质进行了说明，暗示还有其他没画的书。对书籍进行了补充，暗示所有书都有画。比较限定与非限定性定语从句P241-四限定性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语。总结如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。限定与非限定性定语从句P241-四非限定性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。总结这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。拓展思考P242Sheheardaterriblenoise,______frightenedher.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whoSheheardaterriblenoise______frightenedher.A.thatB./C.whatD.who√√拓展思考引导限制性定语从句时，关系代词which可以与that互换；但引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。总结P242拓展思考Ihadtoldthemthereason,______Ididn’tattendthemeeting.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.forwhomD.whyIhadtoldthemthereason______Ididn’tattendthemeeting.A.whenB.whichC.whyD.forthat√√P242拓展思考先行词为reason时限制性定语可以用why或forwhich来引导非限制性定语从句则只能用forwhich来引导。总结P242拓展思考Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,______helovedandrespectedashisownmother.A