完形填空专题

高考英语专题复习之完形填空茂名市第一中学梁绵1．完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考查词汇知识，包括词语搭配和语义连贯等能力。2．完形填空的体裁多以

或

为主，偶有议论文或夹叙夹议的文章。3．

句一般不设空；4．要求选择填空的词常为实词（如

、

、

、

等）5．命题时四个选项属同一词类、同一语法形式。比如：设空处需要填的是形容词的比较级，那么四个选项都必须是四个不同的____词的_____级。记叙文说明文首名词动词形容词副词形容比较Warming-upGuessingthemissingwords有多个答案哦～(Teachers,Books,Exercises,Doctors,Police,Parents…)(Teachers,Books)(Teachers)(Doctors,Nurses)Whatisaclueword?Heisjust_____here,sohehasfewfriendshere.Usuallyheisbusy,buttodayheis____.CluewordsCluewordsnewfreelogicalwordlogicalwordCollocation同现Reiteration重现完形填空解题三大策略（技巧）logicalrelation逻辑关系WhatisCollocation?(同现)1.语义场同现（围绕同一话题或同一场景出现）2.因果同现（在同一个句子或段落中，有时前后的词语之间存在着必然的因果关系）看到“factory”这个词,你会想到……Hedidn’thavebreakfast,soheis__now.worker,machine,workshopbecause，since，resultin,so…that,leadtohungryUsuallyheisverybusy,buttodayheis

------------------.3.反义同现（前后出现的词表达着相反的含义）free4.修饰同现（指词语之间存在固定的修饰关系）5.结构同现（前后的词语共同构成了一定的语法结构或固定搭配）天使般的_____,魔鬼般的______。add…to…,either…or…,owe…to…面孔身材“同现”一组词语具有相同的倾向性，并往往与文章中心主线的导向一致。语义场同现修饰同现因果同现结构同现反义同现Summary1) Iattendedaschoolprize-giving__6__notsolongagoandtheguestspeakerwasAndrewBecroft…

6.A.celebrationB.anniversaryC.meetingD.ceremony2) Formetheybroughtadoll,Ifeltsuchasenseof__25__thatIwouldnolongerhavetobeembarrassedwhenIreturnedtoschool.(NMET2010浙江)

25.A.reliefB.lossC.achievementD.bent3) Eachschoolhasauniqueuniformthatmakesitsstudentseasily__10__tothepublic.

10.A.identifiableB.politeC.familiarD.acceptable4) ForyearsIhavebeenhostingaprogramonthe__40__andwritingarticlesforamagazine…exchangingthoughtswiththousandsoflistenersand__43__.(NMET2010重庆)

40.AradioB.televisionC.stageD.bed

43.A.hostsB.visitorsC.readersD.reportersClozeexercises1)Iattendedaschoolprize-giving__6__notsolongagoandtheguestspeakerwasAndrewBecroft…6.A.celebration B.anniversary C.meeting D.ceremonyClozeexercises修饰同现2)Formetheybroughtadoll,Ifeltsuchasenseof__25__thatIwouldnolongerhavetobeembarrassedwhenIreturnedtoschool.(NMET2010浙江)25.A.relief B.loss C.achievementD.bentClozeexercises反义同现3) Eachschoolhasauniqueuniformthatmakesitsstudentseasily__10__tothepublic.10.A.identifiableB.politeC.familiarD.acceptableClozeexercises因果同现4) ForyearsIhavebeenhostingaprogramonthe__40__andwritingarticlesforamagazine…exchangingthoughtswiththousandsoflistenersand__43__.(NMET2010重庆)40.Aradio B.television C.stage D.bed43.A.hosts B.visitors C.readersD.reportersClozeexercises语义场同现Whatisreiteration？（重现）1、TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms…（NMET2008广东卷）A.babies B.believers C.fairies D.supermen结合前句可知，选项所在句的句意为“并不是所有的仙女（fairies）都像迪斯尼电影中出现的人物那样友善和讨人喜爱”，所以正解选项为C。

Skillone原词重现有时因为表达的需要，同一概念在上下文中不断出现，可借助这一信息选择正确答案。2.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended__27__.（08年广东高考）27.A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methodsSkillTwo同义词或近义词重现在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文3.Hetaughtherhowtorelyonherother____,specificallyherhearing…（NMET2010湖北卷）

A.feelingB.organs

C.skillsD.senses纵观4个选项，只有选项D符合条件：senses是hearing的上义词。Skillthree上下义词重现:上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如：food是bread,noodle,milk,rice的上义词，反之bread,noodle,milk,rice是food的下义词。

historymathsChineseEnglishPEphysicschemistrysubjectSummary“重现”指某一个单词的同义、近义、上义、下义、同源的单词、短语或句子在文中反复出现，来强调这个概念。原词重现同义词或近义词重现上下义词重现1.(2012广东)Weallknowthatsomethingsareobviouslyright.Forexample,…Somethingsare____wrong,too.Forinstance,…A.equallyB.slightlyC.clearlyD.increasingly2.(2012广东)Cardrivershavetoobeytrafficregulationsthattellthemtherightthingstodoontheroadtoavoidcrashes.Cyclistswhogivesignalsbeforeturningorstoppinghelpprevent____.A.accidentsBmistakesC.fallsD.deaths3.(2011广东)Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecomeboredandloseinterestinlearning.However,this_____ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents…A.concern B.conclusionC.reflectionD.interest4.(2011辽宁)Wewentintoabigshop,butTonywasveryparticularabout___.AlthoughItriedtoshowhimtoyaftertoy,hewasnottobepleased.A.sweets B.toysC.clothes D.booksPractice（pairwork)A.equally B.slightlyC.clearly D.increasingly1.(2012广东)Weallknowthatsomethingsareobviouslyright.Forexample,…Somethingsare____wrong,too.Forinstance,…C

显然，Somethingsarewrong,too与第一句somethingsareobviouslyright相对应,由too可知,选与obviously词义相同或相近的clearly,两者为同义复现。即时训练2.(2012广东)Cardrivershavetoobeytrafficregulationsthattellthemtherightthingstodoontheroadtoavoidcrashes.Cyclistswhogivesignalsbeforeturningorstoppinghelpprevent____.A.accidentsBmistakesC.fallsD.deathsA

由常识和上文中的avoidcrashes可知,此处应是preventaccidents。其中accidents与crash是上下义复现。即时训练3.(2011广东)Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecomeboredandloseinterestinlearning.However,this_____ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents…A.concern B.conclusionC.reflection D.interestA

因concern(n.担心)与上文的concerned(adj.担心的)是同源词复现或同根词复现。

即时训练4.

(2011辽宁)Wewentintoabigshop,butTonywasveryparticularabout___.AlthoughItriedtoshowhimtoyaftertoy,hewasnottobepleased.A.sweets B.toysC.clothes D.booksB

与后面的toy属于原词重现。即时训练Whatislogicalrelation逻辑关系

根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案,逻辑关系包括因果关系、对比关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件与结果的关系等。从五年来的广东高考完形填空题来看,最多的是利用因果关系来推断正确答案。

逻辑关系【例1】WhenIreadthesedefinitions,Iamrepeatedlyexposedto(接触)thebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.____this,IcanexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinEnglish.

A.Accordingto

B.Inrelationto

C.Inadditionto

D.Becauseof前文的意思是“当我阅读这些定义的时候，我就反复接触到基本的词汇，并学习它们如何描述事物和想法”；后文的意思是“我可以更轻松地用英语表达”。可见，中间的连接词应表示因果关系，所以正解为选项D.Becauseof。表示目的或因果关系的连接词有：as,asaresult,because(of),consequently,dueto,for,nowthat,since,so,so...that...,such...that...,therefore,thus等。这些连接词也是帮助理解行文思路的有用信号。【例2】WhenAlicestartedtocyclehomefromJenny’shouse,shewasn’tnervous.Shewascertainlynotafraidofthedark._____,itwasonlya15-minuteridehome.

A.HoweverB.BesidesC.ThereforeD.Otherwise由前文“她并不怕黑”和后文“这仅仅只是15分钟的车程”可知，前后文表示递进的关系，所以连接词应是选项B.Besides。表示平行或递进关系的连接词有：and,or,also,aswell(as),likewise,similarly,atthesametime,both...and...,besides,furthermore,inaddition(to),moreover,worsestill等。这些连接词表明下文将出现与前面同类性质的内容，或是对前面内容的进一步阐述。表示转折关系的连接词有：although,but,however,instead,nevertheless,onthecontrary,otherwise,totheopposite,while,yet等。这些连接词表明下文讲述的将是相反的或全新的内容或观点，需要格外注意。此时应放慢阅读速度，多留心上下文在意义上的转变。表示层次、顺序关系的连接词有：after(that),another,before,first(ly),second(ly),third(ly),atlast,finally,lateron,next,then,ontheonehand等。通过它们能迅速理清文章的基本脉络。A.interestingB.vitalC.easyD.valuable1.(2012广东)Ifpeoplefollowruleswithouttakingothermattersintoconsideration,itwillbe__________forthemtoformwhatissometimescalleda“blackandwhite”view.C

由“不考虑其他事情(withouttakingothermattersintoconsideration)”,即全面地看问题,可推断出,这种人很“容易”形成黑白观(非黑即白)。（因果关系）2.(2012广东)Suchpeoplealwayssticktotheirviews,evenifitmeansthattheymaygetinto____.A.trouble B.powerC.prison D.controlA持“非黑即白”观点的人,即使“惹上麻烦”,也总是坚持自己的观点。(让步关系)即时训练：Pleasedothefollowingexercisesanddiscusswhatkindofskillsyouusetochoosethebestanswersinteams.Mrs.Blackwassixty-nineyearsold.ShehadonlyadaughternamedMable.Mr.Blackdiedtwelveyearsago.Soshewasvery___1___andlivedinherhousealone.Herdaughterhadababylater.Thewomanwas___2___allthetimeandhadnotimetolookafterher___3___,James.Sheaskedhermothertolivewiththem.Theoldwomanhadto___4___herhouseandmovedthere.Shewas___5___andcoulddoallthehousework,andthefamilylikedher.LastautumnMrs.Blackwenttodosomeshopping.Acar___6___herandoneofherlegswashurt.Shehadtostayin___7___forthreemonths.Mrs.Blackcouldn’tdoanythingaftershelefthospital.Atfirstherdaughterwaskindtoher,butsoonshebegantobe___8___ofher.1.A.angryB.happyC.cruel D.sad2.A.freeB.aloneC.busyD.afraid3.A.daughter B.son C.motherD.father4.A.sell B.protectC.buyD.destroy5.A.strong B.weakC.old D.young6.A.stopped B.passedC.metD.hit7.A.prison B.churchC.townD.hospital8.A.fond B.jealousC.tiredD.afraidOnemorningMrs.Blackbrokea___9___.Itmadeherdaughterangry.ShetoldJamestobuyawoodenplateforhis___10___.ThatafternoonJamescamebackwithtwo___11___plates.Shewas___12___andasked,“Whydidyoubuytwoplates,son?”“Oneisforgrandma.”answertheboy.“Theotherisforyou.You’llalsohavetouseawoodenplatewhenyou’re___13___,Ithink.”Thewomanheardthisandfelt___14___.Shecriedloudly.Nowshewas___15___tohermotherlikebefore.9.A.bowl B.spoon C.plateD.basin10.A.mother B.grandma C.fatherD.grandpa11.A.golden B.wooden C.steelD.iron12.A.surprised B.excited C.frightened D.annoyed13.A.young B.hot C.old D.cold14.A.scared B.cheated C.hurt D.ashamed15.A.unkind B.kind C.generous D.open

词语同现Mrs.Blackwassixty-nineyearsold.ShehadonlyadaughternamedMable.Mr.Blackdiedtwelveyearsago.Soshewasvery___1___andlivedinherhousealone.Herdaughterhadababylater.Thewomanwas___2___allthetimeandhadnotimetolookafterher___3___,James.Sheaskedhermothertolivewiththem.Theoldwomanhadto___4___herhouseandmovedthere.Shewas___5___andcoulddoallthehousework,andthefamilylikedher.LastautumnMrs.Blackwenttodosomeshopping.Acar___6___herandoneofherlegswashurt.Shehadtostayin___7___forthreemonths.Mrs.Blackcouldn’tdoanythingaftershelefthospital.Atfirstherdaughterwaskindtoher,butsoonshebegantobe___8___ofher.1.A.angryB.happyC.cruel D.sad2.A.freeB.aloneC.busyD.afraid3.A.daughter B.son C.motherD.father4.A.sell B.protectC.buyD.destroy5.A.strong B.weakC.old D.young6.A.stopped B.passedC.metD.hit7.A.prison B.churchC.townD.hospital8.A.fond B.jealousC.tiredD.afraid逻辑推断原词复现逻辑推断逻辑推断逻辑推断原词复现词语同现OnemorningMrs.Blackbrokea___9___.Itmadeherdaughterangry.ShetoldJamestobuyawoodenplateforhis___10___.ThatafternoonJamescamebackwithtwo___11___plates.Shewas___12___andasked,“Whydidyoubuytwoplates,son?”“Oneisforgrandma.”answertheboy.“Theotherisforyou.You’llalsohavetouseawoodenplatewhenyou’re___13___,Ithink.”Thewomanheardthisandfelt___14___.Shecriedloudly.Nowshewas___15___tohermotherlikebefore.9.A.bowl B.spoon C.plateD.basin10.A.mother B.grandma C.fatherD.grandpa11.A.golden B.wooden C.steelD.iron12.A.surprised B.excited C.frightened D.annoyed13.A.young B.hot C.old D.cold14.A.scared B.cheated C.hurt D.ashamed15.A.unkind B.kind C.generous D.open

原词复现原词复现原词复现逻辑推断逻辑推断词语同现原词复现

Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave1______feelingabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon2______betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover3_______rooms,clothesthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe4_____.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor5______thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaningtheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesupermarket.Theresearch,conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity,showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferent6_______totheseproblems.Howeversomeapproachesaremore7_______thanothers.Forexample,thoseparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness,but8_______cleantheroomforthem,havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren’s9______.1.A.naturalB.strongC.guiltyD.similar2.A.interestB.argumentC.linkD.knowledge3.A.noisyB.crowdedC.messyD.locked4.A.homeworkB.houseworkC.problemD.research5.A.washingB.usingC.droppingD.replacing6.A.approachesB.contributionsC.introductionsD.attitudes7.A.complexB.popularC.scientificD.successful8.A.laterB.deliberatelyC.seldomD.thoroughly9.A.behaviorB.tasteC.futureD.nature

Onthecontrary,thosewholetteenagersexperiencethe10______oftheiractionscandobetter.Forexample,whenteenagerswhodon’thelptheirparentswiththeshoppingdon’tfindtheirfavoritedrinkintherefrigerator,theyareforcedto11_______theiractions.Psychologistssaythat12______isthemostimportantthinginparent-childrelationships.Parentsshould13_______totheirchildrenbutatthesametimetheyshouldlendaneartowhattheyhavetosay.Parentsmay14_______theirchildrenwhentheyareuntidybuttheyshouldalsounderstandthattheirroomistheirownprivatespace.Communicationisatwo-wayprocess.Itonlybylisteningtoand15________eachotherthatproblemsbetweenparentsandchildrencanbesettled.10.A.failuresB.changesC.consequencesD.thrills11.A.defendB.delayC.repeatD.reconsider12.A.communicationB.bondC.friendshipD.trust13.A.replyB.attendC.attachD.talk14.A.hateB.scoldC.frightenD.stop15.A.lovingB.observingC.understandingD.praising

Parentsfeelthatitisdifficulttolivewithteenagers.Thenagain,teenagershave1______feelingabouttheirparents,sayingthatitisnoteasylivingwiththem.Accordingtoarecentresearch,themostcommon2______betweenparentsandteenagersisthatregardinguntidinessanddailyroutinetasks.Ontheonehand,parentsgomadover3_______rooms,clothesthrownonthefloorandtheirchildren’srefusaltohelpwiththe4_____.Ontheotherhand,teenagerslosetheirpatiencecontinuallywhenparentsblamethemfor5______thetowelinthebathroom,notcleaningtheirroomorrefusingtodotheshoppingatthesupermarket.Theresearch,conductedbySt.GeorgeUniversity,showsthatdifferentparentshavedifferent6_______totheseproblems.Howeversomeapproachesaremore7_______thanothers.Forexample,thoseparentswhoyellattheirchildrenfortheiruntidiness,but8_______cleantheroomforthem,havefewerchancesofchangingtheirchildren’s9______.1.A.naturalB.strongC.guiltyD.similar2.A.interestB.argumentC.linkD.knowledge3.A.noisyB.crowdedC.messyD.locked4.A.homeworkB.houseworkC.problemD.research5.A.washingB.usingC.droppingD.replacing6.A.approachesB.