定语从句 省赛获奖

2019定语从句修饰名词作定语定语状语主语划分句子成分。（主句结构和从句结构）1.Later,CatherineⅡhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.(Book2P2)2.TheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg(哥尼斯堡),whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(Book2P2)总结:两个从句都是起到_______________作用,都是_________从句,where在此从句中作________成分，which在此从句中作________成分.一、定语从句相关概念1.概念：定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词、代词或整个主句。2.被修饰的名词或代词叫做_________。3.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，引导定语从句的词，叫做__________。关系词可分为关系_______词和关系_______词两类。关系词通常有三个作用：(1)连接定语从句；(2)指代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。先行词关系词代副引导词（关系代词和关系副词）：处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成份的三重作用

which

Ihaveseenthefilmtheyaretalkingabout.二、

关系词在从句中的作用。

关系代词(指代先行词)在从句中的作用先行词是物先行词是人人、物主语宾语（可省）主语宾语（可省）定语关系代词which√√

that

√√√√

who

√√

whom

√

Whose

√备注：.whose=the+n.ofwhich/whom关系副词指代在从句中的作用when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语关系副词=介词+which/whom三、需记住的一些特殊的情况：

(一)关系代词that和which的区别

1.用that而不用which引导的定语从句

1)当先行词是不定代词：all,much,little,

something,everything,anything,

nothing,none,theone等时

2)当先行词前面有only,any,few,little,

no,all,other,very等词修饰时

3)当先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词修饰时

4)当先行词是形容词最高级时或先行词前有形容词最高级时5)当先行词既有人又有物时

6)当主句使用who或which作特殊疑问句时

7)有两个定语从句时，其中一个已用which，另一个宜用that2.用which不用that的情况(1)当关系代词前有介词时，只用which

“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，which可代表先行词或前面整句话Hedidn’tpasstheexam,whichmadehismotherangry.(二)

只用who不用that的情况(1)当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who,不用that.Eg.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.（2）句中有两个定语从句时，引导词其一用who，其二用that。(三)用where的特殊词语:先行词为situation,condition,point,spot,case,occasion（场合）,stage(舞台,阶段）时，通常用whereEg:Ithinkyouhavegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded,oryouwillfail.我想你已到了需要做出改变的地步，否则会一败涂地。He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituationwherehe’slikelytolosecontroloftheplane.他使自己陷入可能会使飞机失控的危险状况。(四)关系代词as既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。1.as引导限制性定语从句时，一般用于下列句式:

Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.(作主语)Suchpeopleasyoudescribearethoughttobefoolsnowadays.(作宾语)Heisnotthesamemanashewas.(作表语)2.as和which引导的非限制性定语从句as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思.不同之处主要有：as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，之中或者主句之后，；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as常有“正如、正像”的含义；which常有“这一点”如：1)Thenumberofsmokers,____isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.2）Thesunheatstheearth,_______isveryimportanttous.aswhich四、判断用关系代词还是用关系副词。1.1)Iwillneverforgetthedays________westudiedtogether.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_____________wespenttogether.3)Iwillneverforgetthedays__________wespentourholidaystogether.whenthat/whichwhenMr.Li,IstillrememberthedayswhichyoutaughtmeEnglish.(2019感谢信讲义)What’smore,Iwasluckyenoughtostayatyourhome.AndI’llneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.(2019感谢信讲义)Doyourememberthetwosentences?_________when2.1).Thehouse__________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.2).Thehouse____________Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.that/whichwhere3.1)Thisisthemountainvillage_________Istayedlastyear.

2)Thisisthemountainvillage__________Ivisitedlastyear.

4.1)Pleasetellmethereason______youwerelate.2)Ididn’tbelievethereason_____________heexplainedtome.wherethat/whichwhythat/which解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。实战演练：一、用合适的关系词填空1.which/that,2.who3.whom4.whose5.that6.when7.where8.why9.that10.that11.that12.which13.whom14.that15.as16.who17.where18.which19.which20.whose二、改错1.them--which2.which--whose3.they--that4.when--that/which5.is---are6.where--that7.删除him三、合并句子，把两个句子合成一个含有定语从句的句子。1.Thecontest，thethemeofwhichis“ManandNature”,willbeheldintheRoom501from2:00to5:00ontheafternoonofJune15.Thecontest，whosethemeis“ManandNature”,willbeheldintheRoom501from2:00to5:00ontheafternoonofJune15.2.Wouldyouwriteanyarticlesthatarerelevanttothecultureofyourhomecountry.?3.SpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.,duringwhichpeoplevisitrelativesandfriendswiththewords“Haveallyourwishes”.SpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalinChina.,whenpeoplevisitrelativesandfriendswiththewords“Haveallyourwishes”.4.TheMid-Autumnfestivalisahappyholiday,whenpeopleofteneatmooncakesandenjoythemoononthatday.5.HaveyoubeentoBoao,whereBoaoForumforAsia(博鳌亚洲论坛)isheldonceayear?四、翻译。1.玉米是一种人和动物都可以食用的植物。Cornisapeopleandanimalscaneatplant.X1.玉米是一种人和动物都可以食用的植物。Cornisaplant.Peopleandanimalscaneattheplant.+Cornisaplantwhichpeopleandanimalscaneat.3.毕业以后，他回到那个他在那里长大的小镇。2.毕业以后，他回到那个他在那里长大的小镇。Aftergruduation,hereturnedtohegrewupthesmalltown.XAftergruduation,hereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewup.3.我们正生活在一个许多事情都能在计算机上完成的时代。4.他工作的那家工厂是去年建成的。5.我将永远也忘不了我上大学的第一天。Wearelivinginmanythingscanbedoneoncomputersage.Wearelivinginanagewhenmanythingscanbedoneoncomputer