英语北师大版选修6学案UNIT16单元小结

Severalyearsago，IcameacrossabookwrittenbyaRomanwriter,Pliny.HegaveusavividdescriptionofaterriblevolcaniceruptionoccurringonAugust24th,79ADnearthecityofPompeii,whichwasnamedafteraperson.Plinywitnessedthedisasterwhenhewasyoung.Hecouldn'tfigureoutwhythe“dead〞volcano—Vesuvius,eruptedsuddenlyandburiedthewholetownovernight.Hetrembledwithfearandcouldn'tputupwiththesorrowatthedisappearanceofthecityaswellasitscitizens.Hewassadatthevictims.About1748,theancientPompeiiwasdiscoveredbyexperts.Uptonow,ithasbeenwellpreserved.Inaway,thepreciousfindingofPompeiiisabreakthrough,whichhelpsuslearnmoreaboutthelifeofRoman.Manyscientiststhinkitisofgreatsignificancetoarchaeologicalresearch.NowthatIhavelearnedaboutthecitythroughthebookandonTV,Iwaseagertovisitit.ThisyearIhadachancetomakeatriptoItaly.OnthewaytoPompeii,Iimaginedwhatthecitywouldlooklike.Whenitcameintoviewsuddenly,Iwasstillamazedatthegreatscene.Itseemedasiftimerewound.Iadmiredtheancientarchitecture,statues,decoratedwallsandauthenticobjectscharacteristicofthetime.Thecityislikenotonlya“timecapsule〞butamonumenttohumanhistory.WhenIwalkedinthecity,Ipassedpeoplegatheredtogetherforprotectionintheirlasthoursoflife.Aman,lyingonhisside,lookedasifhewastryingtoescape.Awomanwithababywasknockedoverbyamanintheoppositedirection.Ishowedsympathyfortheseonce­livingstatues.AllofthemwereabandonedbytheGod.Nowalthoughonlyone­thirdofthecityisopentotourists,thecitybeingdugoutisstillexpanding.Soonerorlater,thewholecitywillappearbeforeus.Mytripendedupwithsorrowandamazement.几年前，我偶然遇到了一本由一位罗马作家普林尼写的书。他给我们生动地描述了公元79年8月24日在庞培城四周发生的可怕的火山爆发。这座城市是以一个人来命名的。在年轻时，普林尼亲眼目睹了这场灾难。他不明白为什么这座“死〞火山——维苏威火山会突然爆发而且一夜之间掩埋了整个城市。他可怕得颤抖，他不能忍受这座城市和它的市民消逝带来的苦痛。他为那些受害者而难过。大约在1748年，古老的庞培城被专家发觉。直到现在它还被保存得相当好。在某种意义上，庞培城的宝贵发觉是一个重大突破，这有助于我们更多地了解罗马人的生活。很多科学家认为它对考古讨论来说是特别重要的。既然我已经看了书，也从电视上了解了这个城市，我渴望去那里参观。今年我有时机去意大利旅行，在去庞培城的路上，我始终在想象这个城市会是什么样子的。当它突然消失时，我还是为它宏大的景象而惊愕。时间好似倒回了过去。我观赏着古代的建筑、雕像、装饰的墙以及真正的具有那个时代典型特征的物体。这个城市不仅像一个“时间胶囊〞，而且也是人类历史的纪念碑。当我走在城市里，我穿过了那些聚集在一起在生命的最终时刻寻求爱护的人们。一个侧着身子的男子看起来好像在试图逃跑；一个抱着婴儿的妇女被迎面而来的一位男子撞倒了。我对这些曾经活着的雕像布满了怜悯。他们全部的人都被抛弃了。现在虽然只有三分之一的城市对游客开放，但是正在被挖掘的城市照旧在扩大。迟早，整座城市将会消失在我们面前。我的旅程最终以哀痛和惊愕而结束了。第一局部听力(总分值30分，限时20分钟)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Totalktotheoperator.B．Tophonesomeone.C．Tocheckhisnumber.2．Whatisprobablythewoman?A．Ateacher.B.Astudent.C．Anannouncer.3．Whatseasonisitnow?A．Spring. B．Summer.C．Autumn.4．Atwhattimewillthefilmbegin?A．7：20. B．7：15.C．7：00.5．Wherearethespeakersheading?A．ToOxfordStreet.B．ToBuckinghamPalace.C．Amovie.其次节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6．Wheredidthemangetthenews?A．FromStudentsUnion.B．Fromtheirteacher'soffice.C．Fromtheprincipal'soffice.7．HowdoesCindyfeelaboutthenews?A．Surprised. B．Upset.C．Frightened.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8．Whoisvisitingthewomanfortheweekend?A．Herbrother. B．Herstudent.C．Herteacher.9．HowdoesthewomanknowAnn?A．Shehasjustbeenintroducedtoher.B．Shehastakenpianolessonsfromher.C．Theyhavemetatapartybefore.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10．WhydoesthewomanlikeSanFrancisco?A．Ithaslesstraffic.B．Peopletherearefriendlier.C．Ithasthebestfoodandmusic.11．Wheredoesthewomanefrom?A．Pennsylvania.B．SanFrancisco.C．China.12．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sEnglish?A．Excellent. B．Acceptable.C．Strange.听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atabusstation.B．Atatravelagency.C．Atarailwaystation.14．Whydoesthemanwanttotakeabus?A．Hewantstoexperienceanotherwayoftraveling.B．Thebusticketsarecheaperthanthetraintickets.C．Thebustripismorefortablethanthetraintrip.15．Whyarethebusticketsmuchcheaperthanthetraintickets?A．Thebusstopsatseveralcities.B．Thebustriptakeslongertime.C．Fewpeopleenjoythebustrip.16．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hewentthewrongway.B．Hecan'tmakethedecisionnow.C．Hisauntandunclehaveadifferentopinion.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17．Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A．Theplanfortoday.B．Thelanguageskills.C．Anintroductionofthecenter.18．Howmanypartsdoesthetestinclude?A．Three. B．Four.C．Five.19．Whencanthelistenersaskquiteafewquestions?A．Afterthespeakerfinisheshistalk.B．Whentheymeetinsmallgroups.C．Whentheytakeacampustour.20．Whatwillthelistenersdothisafternoon?A．Begintheirfirstlesson.B．Getintosmallclasses.C．Takeacampustour.答案：1～5BACAB6～10CAABC11～15AAAAB16～20BABBC听力材料(Text1)M:Operator,I'vebeentryingtomakeaphonecallfornearly10minutesandIjustcan'tgetthrough.W:JusttellmethenumberandI'lltryitforyou.(Text2)W:Tom!M:Yes?W:Couldyoupleasetakethistaperecordertomyofficeforme?M:Withpleasure.Andletmecarrysomeoftheseexercisebooksforyou.(Text3)W:Niceweatherwe'rehaving.M:Yes.Isn'titanicesurprise?Atthistimeit'susuallymuchcolderandrainingalready.W:Well,thisweatherwillprobablyendsoon;alltheleavesonthetreesarebrown,andit'sbeenprettycoldatnight.(Text4)M:Hurryup,Jenny.It'salreadyseven.We'llbelateforthefilm.W:Don'tworrydear,westillhavetwentyminutes.Andittakesusonlyfifteenminutestogetthere.We'llbetherejustintime.(Text5)M:WouldyouremindmewhenwegettoBuckinghamPalace,Please?W:Sure,noproblem!NowweareatOxfordStreet,andwecangetthereinthirtyminutes.(Text6)W:Slowdown.Whyareyouinsuchahurry?M:Hi,Cindy.Iwasjustlookingforyou.DoyouknowyourpaintingwaschosentobeexhibitedattheCity'sStudentArtShow?W:Really?Whotoldyouthat?M:Ijustlearneditfromtheprincipal'soffice.W:Areyousureyouhearditright?M:Ofcourse.Isawthenoticewithmyowneyes.Iwantedtobethefirstpersontobringthenewstoyou.That'swhyIrushedhere.W:Ireallycan'tbelieveit.M:Well,I'mgladIamthefirsttocongratulateyou.W:Thanks,Lester,forbringingmethegoodnews.(Text7)W:Hello,gladtoseeyou.ein,please.M:Thanks.Itlookslikethepartyisexcitingandallareinhighspirits.W:Yeah.Andthey'reenjoyingallkindsofFrenchfoodshere.Well,I'dlikeyoutomeetmybrother,Tom.Heisvisitingmefortheweekend.M:Whereishe?W:Heissittinginthecorneroverthere,andbesidetheyoungwoman.M:Andwhoistheyoungwoman?Uh,thewomanwearingaredcoat.W:Oh,that'sAnn,mypianoteacher.M:Pianoteacher!Ineverknewyouwerepracticingthepiano.(Text8)M:Excuseme,doyoumindifIsithere?W:No,notatall.Goahead.M:Thankyou.W:Areyougoingsomewhereormeetingsomeone?M:IamonmywaytoWashington.Andyou?W:IamonmywaytoSanFrancisco.M:Really?IthinkSanFranciscoisprobablythemostexcitingcityintheUS.W:SodoI.Noothercityhasasmanygoodrestaurantsorasmuchgoodmusic.M:IsSanFranciscoyourhometown?W:IamfromaverysmalltowninPennsylvania.Iwouldn'twanttolivethereagain,either.Idon'tliketoliveinasmalltownverymuch.M:NeitherdoI.Butsmalltownshavetheiradvantages:lesstraffic.W:Andfriendlierpeople.Youknow,I'mbeginningtofeelhomesick.Bytheway,whereareyoufrom?M:China.W:China?ButyouspeakEnglishlikeanativespeaker.Ididn'thaveanyidea.M:Thankyou!Oh,excuseme.It'stimeformyflight.Well,it'sbeennicetalkingwithyou.W:Youtoo.Bye!(Text9)W:Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,please.IwanttofindoutaboutthebusservicebetweenhereandmyhomeinDetroit.Icameherelastweekbytrain,butIthinkIwanttoreturnbybus.Iliketotrydifferentwaysoftraveling.W:I'lltrytohelpyou.Hereisourtimetable.ItshowsthatwehaveeightbusesadaythatleaveClevelandforDetroit.Ithinkyou'llfindthatserviceischeaperthanthetrain's.M:Yes,itlooksasthoughtheticketsarequiteabitcheaperthanthetraintickets.Whyisthat?W:Thebustripstakealittlelongerthanthetraintrips,andwedon'thaveadiningcarorawaitingroom.Wedohavearestroom,however,thebusisair­conditioned.Thetripshouldbefortable.M:Howlongisthetrip?W:Wehaveanexpressbusthattakesalittlemorethanthreehours,andwehaveabusthatstopsatseveralcitiesalongtheway.It'sofcoursecheaper,butittakesalittlemorethanfourhours.Ifyoudon'tmindtheextratravelingtime,it'sourbestbargain.M:CanIusemyreturnticketfromthetraintopayformybusticket?W:No,you'llhavetotakethatticketbacktothetrainstation.That'sadifferentpany.They'llgiveyourmoneyback,andthenyoucanbuyaticketfrommehereforthebus.M:Thankyou,Madam.IwanttotalkthisoverwithmyauntandunclebeforeImakethefinaldecision.Thanksforyourhelp.(Text10)M:Hello,everybody.WeletotheAmericanLanguageCenter.I'mPeterRiely,youracademicadvisor.Todayisyourfirstdayatourschool.Pleaselistenverycarefullybecausewe'regoingtogiveyoualotofimportantinformationthatwillmakeyourexperiencehereenjoyableanduseful.OK,herewego.Letmetellyouabouttheplanfortoday.Therearethreethingsonyourschedule.First,youwilltakeatest.ThistestwillmeasureyourEnglishlevel.You'lltakeareading,grammar,andpositiontest.Oh,andalsoalisteningtest.Thewholetesttakesthreehours.Next,youwillmeetinsmallgroupswithateacher.Thismeetingwillbeaboutimportantthingsyouneedtoknow.Thisiswhereyoucanaskalotofquestions.Then,finally,thisafternoon,youwilltakeacampustour.We'llshowyouthemainbuildingswhereyourclassroomsare;you'llseesomeofthesportsfacilities,youknow,thetenniscourts,theswimmingpool,placeslikethat;andyou'llalsovisitthelibraryandtheputerlab.Ithinkyou'llbesurprisedhowlargeandhowbeautifulourcampusis.Allright.Arethereanyquestionsbeforewebegin?其次局部阅读理解(总分值40分，限时35分钟)第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AAMexicanteacherhasbeenhonouredafteravideoshowedhercalmingpupilsasagunbattleraged(肆虐)outsideherschool.MarthaRiveraAlaniswaspresentedwithacertificate(证书)onMondaytorecogniseherbraveryinorderingherclassoffive­andsix­year­oldstolieontheflooroftheirclassroom,beforeattemptingtocalmthembyleadingachorus(合唱)ofasongfromtelevisionshowBarney&Friends.RiveraAlanisfilmedsomeofthescenesfrominsidetheclassroominMonterrey—thesoundofgunfirecanbeclearlyheard—andpostedtheresultingvideoonTwitter.ItwaspickedupandquicklyspreadaroundtheInternet,withthe33­year­oldteacherearningtheadmirationofmany.“Ofcourse,Iwasafraid,butmykidsgotmethroughit，〞RiveraAlanissaid.ThevideoshowsRiveraAlanis's15youngpupilslyingfacedownonthefloor.“No,mylove,nothingisgoingtohappen,justputyourlittlefaceonthefloor，〞RiveraAlanisisheardtellingoneworriedgirl,beforeloudburstsofgunfirecanbeheard.Inthevideo,RiveraAlanisattemptstodistractthechildrenbyleadingtheminasongfromBarney&Friends.“Iftheraindropswerechocolate,Iwouldlovetobethere,openingmymouthtotastethem，〞theclasssangastheylayonthefloor.“Myonlythoughtwastotaketheirmindsoffthatnoise，〞RiveraAlanissaid.“SoIthoughtofthatsong.〞RiveraAlanis'sschoolandthoseinseveralMexicancitieshitbydrugviolencehaveheldemergencydrills(应急演练)inthepasttoinstructteachersandstudentswhattodoincaseofgunfire.Drug­relatedviolenceissaidtohavekilledmorethan35,000peopleinMexicooverthepastfouryears.“Wedodrillsconstantly,becausetheareawhereweareisahigh­riskzone，〞RiveraAlanissaid,addingthatthechildren“behavedinthewaywehadpracticed〞．语篇解读：本文是记叙文。教室外枪声不断，机灵的墨西哥老师马莎·阿拉尼斯带头唱歌安抚幼童。21.WhywasRiveraAlanisgivenacertificate?A．Toadmirehercourage.B．Toawardherfilmingskills.C．Topraiseherteachingachievement.D．Torewardhereffortstoendthebattle.解析：选A细节理解题。由其次段中的“...torecogniseherbraveryinorderingherclass...beforeattemptingtocalmthem...〞可知，RiveraAlanis被授予证书，是为了表彰她在枪战时唱歌安抚幼童的勇敢行为。22．WhydidRiveraAlanisleadthekidsinasong?A．Tofortthem.B．Topracticethesong.C．Tomaketheirbreakfun.D．Toprepareforaperformance.解析：选A细节理解题。由其次段中的“attemptingtocalmthembyleadingachorusofasong〞以及第六段中的“RiveraAlanisattemptstodistractthechildrenbyleadingtheminasong〞可知，为了转移孩子们的留意力，RiveraAlanis带头唱起小伴侣们最宠爱的儿歌。23．WhatcanweinferaboutRiveraAlanis'sschool?A．It'sfullofviolence.B．Ithasstrictdiscipline.C．It'sinanunpeacefularea.D．Itprovidesvariousactivities.解析：选C推理推断题。由倒数其次段中的“RiveraAlanis'sschool...hitbydrugviolencehaveheldemergencydrillsinthepast〞以及最终一段中的“theareawhereweareisahigh­riskzone〞可知，RiveraAlanis的学校所在的区域并不太平，常常有街头交火大事发生。24．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AvideobeesanInternethitB．StaycalmandsticktotheplanC．GunfireheardinMexicoprimaryschoolsD．Topclass:singingthroughashoot­out解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了一位墨西哥女老师马莎·阿拉尼斯在教室窗外枪声不断之际，为爱护同学平安，立即让小伴侣们趴在地上，并领唱儿歌以转移小伴侣的留意力的故事，D项作标题能概括文章主旨。BInspring,youmaybefortunateenoughtohavegoodweather,asmallpieceofearthandtheenergy,enthusiasmandinspirationtoplantagarden.Thereisnothingbettertoshakeofftheboredomanddullnessofwinterthantodigintheearth,plantsomeseedsandwatchthemgrow.Asmallgardencanproducesomethingextrafreshfordinner,flowersforthetableandafeelingofacplishment.Itiswork,butitiseversorewarding.Whataboutyourlifegarden?Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakeseffort,planning,nurturing(培育)andweeding(除草)togrowagarden.Whathaveyouplanted—whathaveyouallowedtotakeroot?Isyourlifethepictureofawelllaidoutgardenoranuntidymixtureofplants,treesandweedswhoseseedswereblownyourwayandtookroot?Wehaveallheardphraseslike“sowingseedsofdoubt〞or“sowingseedsofdiscontent〞．Wecanmakeacarefulchoicewhethertoallowthemtotakerootinourlivesorthrowthemoutofourgarden.Negativeenergyandwords,likeweeds,willspreadquicklyifleftunchecked.Findagood“weedkiller〞—abook,aninspirationalstory,positiveaffirmations(确定)—tohelpyougetridofthethoughtsthatreducethebeautyofyourgarden.Plantasmanyseedsofjoyandbeautyasyoucan—inyourownlifeandinthelivesofthepeoplewithwhomyouliveandworkeveryday.Growagratitudegarden,apeacegardenandadreamgarden.Lookafterthemdaily.Ifyougivethemtimeandenergy,youwillhavearichharvestofsuccess,happinessandpeaceofmind.语篇解读：本文是谈论文。鲜花盛开的花园让我们心旷神怡，而如何让我们心灵的花园也鲜花盛开，让我们欢欣而安静呢？25.Whydoestheauthortellusthebenefitsofgrowingagarden?A．Toleadtothelifegarden.B．Tointroducearewardingwork.C．Toshowhisloveforgardening.D．Tosuggestawaytokillboredom.解析：选A写作手法题。分析第一、二段，作者通过描述花园带给人们的愉悦而引出“生命的花园〞，即通过类比引出本文的主题。26．Inwhatwayisourlifegardensimilartoabeautifulgarden?A．Itchangesallthetime.B．Itneedsoureffortandnurturing.C．Itcanmakeushappyandgratefulinlife.D．Itisfullofbothpositiveandnegativeenergy.解析：选B细节理解题。由其次段“Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakeseffort,planning,nurturingandweedingtogrowagarden.〞可知，我们生命的花园也需要我们的努力和培育才能有好的结果，这跟我们现实生活中的花园是一样的。27．Whydoestheauthorparenegativeenergyandwordstoweeds?A．Theyareanaturalpartoflife.B．Theyareoftenleftunchecked.C．Theyaredifficulttoberemoved.D．Theyneedtoberemovedbeforetheyspread.解析：选D推理推断题。由第三段“Negativeenergyandwords,likeweeds,willspreadquicklyifleftunchecked.〞可知，负能量和布满负能量的语言也像杂草一样，假如不准时去除就会扩散。28．Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasaweedkiller?A．Readingadullbook.B．Expressingourdiscontent.C．Havingpositiveself­talks.D．Pullingupweedsinthegarden.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段“abook,aninspirationalstory,positiveaffirmations〞可知，我们内心乐观的自我交谈就可以去除我们的负能量，即为“杂草清理剂〞。CDVDdecisions—lookingforagoodmovietorent?Letushelpyou.Fictionorreality?Thefollowingtwoclassicmoviesareworthwatching—eachexploresthethemesofcinema,fictionandreality.ThePurpleRoseofCairo(1985)Onereasontogotothemoviesistotakeabreakfromeverydaylifeandloseyourselfinthemagicofthesilverscreen.InThePurpleRoseofCairo,WoodyAllenturnsthisideaonitshead.MiaFarrowplaysCecilia,aNewJerseywaitress,whogoestothelocalmovietheatertoescapefromherboringlife.JeffDanielsisTomBaxter,thehandsomearchaeologist(考古学家)heroinamoviecalledThePurpleRoseofCairo,whichCeciliahasalreadyseenseveraltimes.Oneday,Baxterdecidedhehashadenoughofbeingacharacterinamovie,andhewalksoutofthescreentojoinCeciliainthetheater.CanHollywoodfindTomandgethimbackintothemovieorwillhemanagetostayintherealworldforever?EDtv(1999)Atelevisionstudiomanager(EllenDeGeneres)hasanideaabouthowtosaveafailingTVstation—filmandbroadcastanormalperson'slife24hoursaday.EDtvisbornthemomenthereyefallsonEdPekurny,afriendlyvideostoreclerkplayedbyMattewMcConaughey.Aftertheshow'sfirstweekonair,Ed'sfamegrowsandgrows,butthenconflictsstartup,particularlywithEd'sgirlfriendandhisfamily.Afterawhile,Eddecideshewantstostopbeingpartoftheshow,buthefindsouthiscontract(合同)can'tbereversed(撤销)．ButinacountrythatturnstheTVsetonatbreakfastandoffatbedtime,anythingcanhappen...RonHoward'sedyiswellworthwatching.语篇解读：本文是应用文。作者在文中推举了两部电影?开罗的紫玫瑰?和?艾德私人频道?。29.WhydoesCeciliagotothemoviesinThePurpleRoseofCairo?A．TodateTomBaxter.B．Tolearnsomeactingskills.C．Torunawayfromboredom.D．Toexperiencetherealworld.解析：选C细节理解题。由ThePurpleRoseofCairo(1985)介绍内容其次段中的“goestothelocalmovietheatertoescapefromherboringlife〞可知，Cecilia去电影院是想躲避她枯燥乏味的生活。30．WhathappenstoEdaftertheshowisbroadcast?A．Heendshiscontract.B．Hefacessometrouble.C．Heloseshisbestfriends.D．Hegetsinvolvedinafight.解析：选B细节理解题。由最终一段中的“Ed'sfamegrowsandgrows,butthenconflictsstartup,particularlywithEd'sgirlfriendandhisfamily...buthefindsouthiscontractcan'tbereversed〞可知，在Ed的节目播出之后，他的名气大涨，但随之而来的也有他与女友以及家人之间的冲突，Ed想把节目停掉，却发觉他的合同不能撤销。31．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tosuggesttwomovies.B．Tointroducenewactors.C．Toshowhistasteinmovies.D．Tosharehisthoughtsaboutfiction.解析：选A写作目的题。由文章第一段中的“Letushelpyou.〞和其次段中的“Thefollowingtwoclassicmoviesareworthwatching〞以及文中对两部电影的介绍可知，作者的主要目的是为读者推举电影。DYoustayuplate,andneverseemtobeorganized.Whilethesemightnotseemlikethemostpositivecharacteristics,researchhasshowneachofthemislinkedtoahigherintelligence.1．Youaremessy.Managersandofficeworkersmightbeinterestedinacleandesk,butitseemsintermsofefficiency(效率),theycouldhaveitallwrong.Theresearchersfoundpeopleactuallythoughtmoreclearlywhenthedeskwasinamess,astheysoughttosimplifythetasksathand.Untidinessforceshumanbeingstofocusandthinkmoreclearly.FamousthinkersandwriterssuchasAlbertEinsteinandRoaldDahlwereknownfortheiruntidydesks.“Messydesksmaynotbeasharmfulastheyappeartobe,astheproblem­solvingapproachestheyseemtocausecanimproveworkefficiencyorincreaseemployees'creativityinproblemsolving，〞theresearcherssaid.2．Youstayuplate.Nightowlsaremoreintelligentthanpeoplewhogetanearlynight.Itfoundthatlateriserstirelessquicklythanthosewhogetupatdawn.Thestudyislikelytobeacceptedwillinglybyanyonetiredofbeingbrandedlazyfortheirloveofalie­in.Anditaddedtogrowingevidencethatitisnightowlsthatmakeallthedecisionsinagroupandthattendtobebothclevererandricherthanearlybirds.3．Youtendtobemodest.ThisiscalledtheDunning­Krugereffect.Itdescribeshowlesspetent(有力量的)peopleoftenthinktheirintelligencehigherthanitactuallyis,whilemorepetentpeoplethinktheirslower.4．Youareacatperson.Astudysaidthatcatownersaresmarterthandogowners,regardlessoftheirpet'sintelligence.Theresearchshowedthattheownersofthetwoanimalstendtohavedifferentpersonalities—withcatloversbeingmoresensitiveandopen­mindedthandogloverswhoarelargelyenergetic.Thestudyfoundthatcatownersscoredmorehighlyonanintelligencetestthandogowners.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。讨论指出一些特别的性格特征和行为习惯也是聪慧人的象征。)32.WhatdotheexamplesofEinsteinandDahlprove?A．Messydeskscanleadpeopletoclearerthinking.B．Peoplewithmessydeskshavelowerefficiency.C．Creativityusuallyesfromamessydesk.D．Famouspeopletendtohaveuntidydesks.解析：选A推理推断题。由第三段“Untidinessforceshumanbeingstofocusandthinkmoreclearly.〞及第四段“FamousthinkersandwriterssuchasAlbertEinsteinandRoaldDahlwereknownfortheiruntidydesks.〞可知，这种杂乱的书桌会促使人们思维更加清楚。33．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribenightowls?A．Lazy. B．Energetic.C．Determined. D．Sensitive.解析：选B细节理解题。由第五段“Itfoundthatlateriserstirelessquicklythanthosewhogetupatdawn.〞可知，那些夜猫子通常比早起的人精力充分。34．WhatistheDunning­Krugereffect?A．Modestyhelpsonetomakeprogress.B．petentpeopleareoftenconfident.C．Peopledon'tknowtheirabilitieswell.D．Themodestareactuallylesspetent.解析：选C推理推断题。由第六段可知，认知偏差现象指的是人们对自己的力量高估或低估。35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Effectsofpositivecharacteristics.B．Waystohaveahigherintelligence.C．Normalbehaviorofintelligentpeople.D．Surprisingcharacteristicsofcleverpeople.解析：选D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了几种看起来不是那么乐观的性格特征和行为习惯，指出它们也是高智商的表现。其次节(共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IwastenwhenIfirstsatwithmygrandmotherbehindthecashier(收银台)inhergeneralstore.__36__Iquicklylearnedtheimportanceoftreatingcustomerspolitelyandsaying“thankyou〞．AtfirstIwaspaidincandy.__3738__BythetimeIwas12,mygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics(化装品)．Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye.EventhoughIwasjustakid,womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas“WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear？〞39__40__Expecttheyarenolongerwomenpurchasingcosmeticsfromme;instead,theyarekidswhotellmewhichtoystheywouldliketoseedesignedanddeveloped.A．LaterIreceived50centsanhour.B．Beforelong,sheletmesittherebymyself.C．Iendedmysellingwitharecordamountofcosmetics.D．TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme:Ilistentocustomers.E．Mygrandma'strusttaughtmehowtohandleresponsibility.F．SoonIfoundmyselflookingmorebeautifulthaneverbefore.G．WatchingmymoneygrowwasmorerewardingthananythingIcouldhavebought.语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。文章叙述了作者小时候的一段经受给她带来的收获。从这段经受中，作者悟到一个道理：要想成为一个优秀的销售人员，你不肯定要很聪慧，但是你必需要学会倾听，做一个好的听众。36.选B由上下文可知，此空应当是关于作者在店里关心祖母的内容，B选项恰好起到承接上下文的作用。37．选A空前的句子是讲作者起初得到的酬劳，而A选项内容是关于后来酬劳的形式，由此可知A项正确。38．选G由空前的句子可知，父亲给作者开了银行账户，综合选项，G项中的Watchingmymoneygrow恰好与之照应，所以选G项。看我的钱增长比我买任何东西都更有价值。39．选C本段叙述祖母因作者的精彩表现而让她关心销售化装品，而C选项内容恰好是叙述她的销售成果，与语境相吻合。40．选D由上文作者得到的教训可以推断，D选项符合语境，讲作者从自身的经受中所获得的感悟。今日我仍旧牢记着那个教训：听客户的需求。第三局部语言学问运用(总分值45分，限时30分钟)第一节(共20小题；每题1.5分，总分值30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Afterworkoneday,Igrabbedapizzafordinneratthemall.AsIwasheadinghome,Isawagirlsittinginacornerofthemall.Herhaircoveredherfaceandherbodywas__41__.Ideterminedtowalkpasther__42__that'swhatweoftendo.Butsomethingmademeturn__43__.Ilearnedherage,andwhyshebeggedformoneyandlivedonthestreets.Herparents__44__yearsagoandshesufferedfromaseriousskindisease.Shewas__45__toworkbecauseofherdisabilityandhadtoliveinthesafestplaceshecould__46__.Shehadstayedinsheltersinthepast,butwastreated__47__.Shehadtoseekshelterfromthemalltokeep__48__oncolddays,buteventhemallshesaidwasn't__49__becausesecurityalwaysthrewherout.I'moneofthosepeoplewhousedtobelievetherewasasystemof__50__tohelpher.Ideally,Iwouldliketobelieveinthat.IusedtothinkmaybeonedayIwould__51__“them〞．MaybeonedayIwouldwinthelottery(彩票)．ButwhenI__52__thatgirl,Ithoughttomyself,whatifnooneeverhelpedher?Whatifthisso­called__53__systemthatIbelievedindidn'tevenknowor__54__herexistence?WhatifIdidn't__55__anymoney?Whatifshewasnotgoingtobearoundlongenoughto__56__that“oneday〞？Ididn'treallythinkaboutwhathappenednext.I__57__mydinnerwithherandgaveherallthemoneyIhad.Whensecuritycame,Italkedthemintoassistingher__58__drivingherawayliketheyusuallydid.Don't__59__onedaytoebeforeyouhelpsomeone.Nowisthatoneday—nottomorrow,notnextweek.Ifyoucandosomethingtoeasesomeoneelse's__60__,don'twaitforthatdistantoneday.Betheoneday.Beitnow.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者在超市无意间遇到以乞讨为生的女孩后，打算不再等将来有力量后再做善事，而是从现在开头去关心那些需要关心的人。41.A.hot B．heavyC．weak D．clean解析：选C由下文中提到女孩以乞讨为生、居无定所可知，她的身体虚弱(weak)。42．A.if B．whenC．till D．because解析：选D“我〞打算从女孩身边走过，由于(because)我们常常会这样做。43．A.over B．backC．away D．up解析：选B由But可知，“我〞不由地转身回来(back)。44．A.returned B．plainedC．quarreled D．died解析：选D由“我〞了解到女孩的年龄、乞讨缘由等可知，她的父母几年前死了(died)。45．A.eager B．readyC．unable D．curious解析：选C由女孩得了严峻的皮肤病可知，她不能(unable)工作。46．A.build B．discoverC．expect D．remember解析：选B由女孩既没父母又没工作可知，她只能住在她能发觉(discover)的最平安的地方。47．A.terribly B．normallyC．carefully D．patiently解析：选A女孩以前待在收容所，但受到的待遇很糟糕(terribly)。48．A.calm B．wealthyC．warm D．secret解析：选C女孩在寒冷的日子里只好去商场保暖(warm)。49．A.quiet B．specialC．easy D．safe解析：选D由保安总是把她赶出去可知，女孩认为商场也并不平安(safe)。50．A.control B．supportC．recognition D．munication解析：选B“我〞过去始终信任有救助(support)体系去关心她。51．A.respect B．watchC．help D．encourage解析：选C“我〞以前认为或许有一天“我〞将会关心(help)“他们〞。52．A.accepted B．introducedC．understood D．noticed解析：选D由But可知，上下文形成比照。但是当“我〞留意到(noticed)这个女孩的时候，“我〞开头想假如没人关心她该怎么办？53．A.open B．perfectC．simple D．educational解析：选B假如这个“我〞信任的所谓完善的(perfect)体系甚至不知道或者不关怀(careabout)她的存在该怎