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2019届高三上学期英语第一次月考试卷一、阅读理解1.阅读理解IncredibleWomenYouDidn’tLearnAboutinHistoryClassHerearethestoriesofwomenyoumaynotknowabout,butdefinitelyshouldMariaSibyllaMerianBorninGermanyin1647,Merianwasfascinatedbyinsects,andshebegancollecting,studying,anddrawingthemwhenshewasasyoungas13.Shewasoneofthefewnaturalistsofhertimetoactuallystudyliveinsects.Itwasthroughherstudyofcaterpillarsthatshediscoveredthetruthabouttheirlifecycles.Herworkprovidedmajorcontributionstothefieldofentomology(昆虫学)。MurasakiShikibuMurasakiShikibu,aJapanesewoman,waswidelyconsideredtobetheworld’sfirstnovelist.ShewasanoblewomanlivinginJapanaroundtheyear1000AD.Shewroteatwo-partnovelcalledTheTaleofGenji,whichtellsariches-to-ragsstoryaboutthesonofaJapaneseemperorforcedtoliveasacommonman.TheTaleofGenjiiswidelyconsideredtobeamasterpieceofJapaneseliterature.AdaLovelaceAdawasworkingtodesignearlycomputingmachinesthatshehopedwouldbeabletoquicklysolvemathproblems.Inadditiontodesigningthisearlycomputerprogram,shealsowasfirsttosuggestthatthesecomputersmightbeabletodomorethan,well,calculate.Sheimaginedthemdoingeverything,fromproducingimagestocomposingmusic.LucyStoneBornin1818,Stonemarriedafellowactivistandchangedhername,butdecidedtochangeitbackayearlater.Sheheldthebeliefthat“awifeshouldnomoretakeherhusband’snamethanhers.”ShebecamethefirstAmericanmarriedwomantokeephermaidennameforherentirelife.StonewasalsooneofthefoundingmembersoftheAmericanEqualRightsAssociationandfoughtfortheendingofslavery.(1)WhatcanreaderslearnaboutfromTheTaleofGenji?A.AncientJapaneseculture.B.Developmentofcomputer.C.Researchonlivingthings.D.ModernlifeofJapanesewomen.(2)WhatdoMariaSibyllaMerianandAdaLovelacehaveincommon?A.Theywerepioneersincomputer.B.Theydevotedthemselvestoscience.C.Theycreatedmasterpiecesofliterature.D.TheymadeprogressinstudyingInsects.(3)Whichofthefollowingwomenfoughtforhumanrights?A.LucyStoneB.AdaLovelaceC.MurasakiShikibuD.MariaSibyllaMerlan2.阅读理解Ihaveaneighborwhoisacapable,fashionable,seventy-year-old,singlewoman.HernameisGrace.Gracewaslaidofffromherjobalittleovertwoyearsagoandhasbeenlivingoffhersavingseversincebutnotofficially“retired”.GracecalledmeuponedayaboutthistimelastyearandaskedifIhadaladder.Sheneededtocleanoutherguttersontheroofandwantedmetoholdtheladder.Shedidn’twantmetoclimbupandcleanthegutters.Shejustwantedmetoholdtheladder.AsithappenedIdidhavealadder.Isaid:“Theleavesaregoingtofalloffthetreesinamonth,whydon’twewaittilltheyfinishanddoitthen?”Sheagreedandnaturallywedidn’ttalkaboutitagainuntilspring.SpringinTennesseeiswildandwetalkedaboutitoverthecourseofthreeweeksinwhichitrainednearlyeveryday,thenIgotbusyandGracewentintoseclusion.Acoupleofweeksago,shetoldmeshe’dbeenspendingtoomuchmoneyanddecidedtoapplyforabartendingjobatalocalhotel.“NowIdon’tknowaboutyouallbutI’dneverconsideredwhatitwouldbeliketoapplyforandbeginanewjobattheageofseventy.I’mfifty-threeandtheolderIget,themoreIthinkabouthowgreatit’llbeifIcanjustgetoutofbedwhenI’mseventy.”Anyway,shegotthejob,servingthebarandtendingbanquetsatthehotel.Thedaywhensheleftforhertrainingat6am,Iwalkedacrossthestreetwithmyladderandcleanedouthergutters.(1)WhatdidGracewanttheauthortodo?A.Makealadder.B.Retirecompletely.C.Lendheraladder.D.Givehersuggestions.(2)WhendidtheauthoradviseGracetocleanhergutters?A.Inearlyspring.B.Inrainyseason.C.Intimeofleavesfalling.D.Intimeoffewleavesontrees.(3)Whatwastheauthor’sneighbordoingwhentheauthorwrotethetext?A.Workingatahotel.B.Trainingforherjob.C.Cleaningoutherhouse.D.Walkingwiththeauthor.(4)Whatdidtheauthorthinkofherneighbor’sre-employment?A.Valuable.B.Impossible.C.Reasonable.D.Unbelievable.阅读理解AngadRekhi,agraduatestudentandanassistantprofessorofelectricalengineering,hasdevelopedawake-upreceiver.Thiswake-upreceiverhasmanypotentialapplications,particularlyindesigningthenextgenerationofnetworkeddevices,includingsocalled“smart”devicesthatcancommunicatedirectlywithoneanotherwithouthumanintervention.Onceattachedtoadevice,awake-upreceiverlistensforauniqueultrasonic(超声波)patternthattellsitwhentoturnthedeviceon.Itneedsonlyaverysmallamountofpowertomaintainthisconstantlistening,soitstillsavesenergyoverallwhileextendingthebatterylifeofthelargerdevice.Awell-designedwake-upreceiveralsoallowsthedevicetobeturnedonfromasignificantdistance.Giventheincreasedinterestinnetworkeddevices,researchersandindustryorganizationsarestartingtodefinewhatfeaturesandtechniqueswillbecomestandard.Regardlessofwhetherthisultrasoundwake-upreceiverisamongthesestandarddesigns,itislikelywake-upreceiversofsomekindwillbecombinedintocommercialapplicationssoon.Bycomparison,theultrasoundwake-upreceiverrequiresabatterybuthasmuchgreaterrangethanthewirelesslypowereddevices,whilestillmaintainingalonglifetimeduetoextremelylowpowerdraw.Thesetwotechnologies-wirelesspowerandwake-upreceivers-wouldlikelyservedifferentpurposesbutbothindicateataturningpointindevicesthatmakeuptheInternetofThings.“Inlightofalong-promisedfuturewhereinterconnected,autonomous,widespreadandunremarkabletechnologiesmakelifeeasier,thenetworkeddevicesavailablenow,likevideodoorbellsandapp-enabledlights,seemlikeratherslightadvances.”theresearcherssaid.TheybelievetechnologiesliketheirscouldhelpcrossthegapbetweentheInternetofThingsasweknowitandtheInternetofThingsatitsbest-whateverthatmaybe.(1)Whichofthefollowingisanadvantageofthewake-upreceiver?A.Itrequiresnosignal.B.Itisverypowersaving.C.Itcanmakethebatterylarger.D.Itmustbefixedtoanotherdevice.(2)Whatdoweknowaboutbycomparingthewirelesspowerwithwake-upreceivers?A.Onecanreplacetheother.B.Thewake-upreceiverisbetter.C.Bothhavetheirownadvantages.D.Thewirelesslypowereddevicehasmoreuses.(3)Whatdotheresearchersfeelabouttheirtechnologiesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.TheymaketheInternetcheaper.B.TheymaketheInternetmorepopular.C.TheyarenotusefuldevicesfortheInternet.D.TheyarebeneficialtotheuseoftheInternet.(4)Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WideUseofAdvancedEquipmentB.DevelopmentoftheInternetDevicesC.NewTechniqueforWakingUpDevicesD.DifferencebetweenTwoWake-upReceives阅读理解TheShiants,remote,cliff-edgedislandsoffthecoastofScotlandarehometo350,000seabirds.ThisisthestartingpointforNationalGeographiccontributorAdamNicolson’snewbook,TheSeabirdsCry.Celebrating10speciesindetail,hedescribestheunbelievablerecoveryofseabirdsandthemanyadaptationsthathaveenabledthemtosurviveandnavigatetheoceans,whilesoundingaloudcallfortheirconservationamongseverelyfallingnumbers.SpeakingfromhishomeinSussex,England,Nicolsonexplainswhyguillemotcoloniesareinformationexchangecenters:hownewresearchisshowingthatthoselong-distancetravelers.Theshearwaters,“smell”theirwayacrosstheglobe;andwhatwecandotosupportseabirdpopulations.NationalGeographichasjustkickedoffYearoftheBirdwithacoverstorybyJonathanFranzentitled“WhyBirdsMatter“.ThebeginningofYearoftheBirdisbeneficialtobirds.Nicolsonsaid,“I’llaskyouthesamequestion-why?Forme,theseseabirdsaresymbolsofuniqueness.Thereissomuchonthelandwheretherestofthelivingworldseemstobecontrolledbyus,butwhenyougotoseabirdcolonies,thereisthispumping,loudandraginguniqueness.It’saglanceoftheuntouchedworld.““Thereasonwhyit’suntouchedisthat,untilrecently,wehavenotcontrolledtheoceansthattheseabirdsdependon.Moreofthemhavesurvivedingreaternumbersthanmostothercreaturesinthedevelopedworld,wherehugeamountsoftheanimalkingdomhavebeenremovedbyus.Andsoonereasonthesebirdsmatteristhattheyaresymbolsofwhattheworldmightbeifwehadn’tdonesomuchdamagetoit.“Headded.“Seabirdsalsotendtodisappear;they’renotreliablyofourworld,duetotheirmigrationandhabitsoflife.Verydeepinourconsciousnessisasensethattheyareambassadorsfromanotherworld.Andwitnessingandfeelingthatis,Ithink,oneofthegreatenlargersoflife.”Nicolsonexplained.(1)WhatisthebookTheSeabirdsCrymainlyabout?A.Seabirdsonanisland.B.Theextinctionofseabirds.C.Theimportanceofseabird.D.Seabirdsintheauthor’shometown.(2)WhatcanwelearnfromNicolson’sspeech?A.Thewisdomofseabirds.B.Waystoprotectseabird.C.Migrationroutesofseabirds.D.Thehardersituationofseabirds.(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“kickedoff”inparagraph3mean?A.WatchedoutforB.CutacrossC.ExpressedD.Started(4)WhichisaluckythingforseabirdsinNicolson’sview?A.Theseaistoolargetobepolluted.B.Theseaisn’tentirelygovernedbyhumans.C.Theseabirdsareabletofittheenvironment.D.Theseabirdsarelivinginthedevelopedworld.二、任务型阅读根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inaworldsurroundedbybadnews,itmayfeellikeanunhappyplacesometimes. Ifyoumakeevenonepersonsmiletoday,youcanhelpmakethisworldabetterplace.Hereislistofideastohelpyou. InthisdayandagewhereeverythingissentviatheInternet,it’sashocktoreceivealetterthroughthepost.Puttingpentopaperandwritingafewwordstoafriendcanbeaneasywaytomakeapositiveimpact.Requiringsometimeandresearchtofindtheperfectproject,volunteeringisoneofthenicestthingsyoucando.Whetheryouvolunteeratyourlocalyouthgrouportakedogsfromsheltersforawalk,thesimplefactthatyouaregivingupyourtimetohelpsomeoneelseisincredible.Therearesomanyopportunities. Tellsomeone“Iloveyou”.Itcanbeanyone. Perhapsyoucantellafriendthatyouappreciatealltheyaretoyou,orremindyourmumthatit’sherbirthday.Sometimes,inourbusylivesweforgettotakeamomenttotellpeoplewhattheymeantous. Whetheryou’recreativeornot,takingtimetomakesomethingforsomeoneelseshowshowmuchyouappreciatethem.Evenifyouthinkyou’renotcreative,therecipientwillfeelluckytogetsuchauniquegiftthatyouputyourprecioustimeinto.Someideascouldincludeacard,painting,drawing,song,poemorcake!However,youcanmakeadifference.It’sasurprisetosendahandwrittenletter.Andyoudon’tevenhavetosay“Iloveyou”.Soyouaresuretofindonethatisrightforyou.Anditdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetotakeupallyourlife.Makingsomethingforaspecialpersonisalwaysunique.Evenapostcardwithacoupleofsentencescouldreallymakesomeone’sday.三、完形填空.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ishoppedtoday.WhileIwas1atthegrocerystore,awomanfollowedbehindme.Shewasstandingbyoneofthoseshoppingcartswiththe2infront.Thebasketheldjustafew3:someapples,corn,aloafofbread,somecannedgoods,andabunchofbeautifulcoralcoloredroses.SeveraltimesI4herlookingatthoselovelyrosesand5.Itoldherthattheywere,indeed,verylovelyroses.Shesaid,“Ireallydolovethem,andthey’remy6color.”Well,justasIwas7,Iheardhersaytothe8,“Youcanputthoserosesback.Ireallycouldn’t9them.”Iturnedaroundandaskedherifshewouldallowmetogetthemforher.She10herheadandsaid,“Whywouldyouwanttodothat?You11don’thaveto.”IrepliedthatIjustwantedtoespeciallysinceshe12themsomuch.ShestillseemedhesitantsoItoldherthatshewouldbedoingmeagreatkindnessifshewould13metogiftthemtoher.Withtearsinhereyes,she14andsaid,“Ireallydolovethem.Thankyou.”OnthewayhomeIwasremindedofa15IhadhearddecadesagoandI’velovediteversince.ThesongisBreadandRoses.It’sa16songonmanylevelsandremindsusthatweallneedfood,butweallalsoneed17.Alinefromthissongfitsthis18perfectly,Ithought.Itreads:“19starveaswellasbodies.Giveus20,butgiveusroses,too.”(1)A.calmingdownB.checkingoutC.packingupD.hangingaround(2)A.goodsB.bagC.customersD.basket(3)A.rosesB.cakesC.itemsD.drinks(4)A.caughtB.suggestC.hadD.sensed(5)A.sufferingB.smilingC.hesitatingD.bargaining(6)A.favoriteB.suitableC.attractiveD.similar(7)A.enteringB.leavingC.respondingD.wandering(8)A.companionB.mangerC.cashierD.stranger(9)A.dropB.enjoyC.storeD.afford(10)A.shookB.turnedC.noddedD.moved(11)A.probablyB.sincerelyC.certainlyD.finally(12)A.neededB.consideredC.studiedD.loved(13)A.askB.inviteC.forceD.allow(14)A.cheeredB.agreedC.refuseD.insisted(15)A.songB.playC.bookD.film(16)A.noisyB.beautifulC.funnyD.new(17)A.peaceB.powerC.beautyD.medicine(18)A.situationB.positionC.styleD.standard(19)A.BodiesB.BrainsC.EyesD.Hearts(20)A.moneyB.timeC.breadD.chance四、语法填空.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Goaheadandgrabthatcupofcoffee,ortwo,ormore.Doingsomayimproveyourhealthandhelpyoulivelonger,suggestsanewresearchinanewobservationalstudyinvolvingcloseto20,000individuals,people consumedatleastfourcupsofcoffeedailyhada64%lowerriskofearlydeath tothosewhoneverrarelyconsumedcoffee.Thereductioninriskwasmoresignificantoncepeoplereached ageof45,suggestingthatitmaybeeven toconsumecoffeeaswegetolder.Thesefindingssupporttherecentresultsofanotherlargeobservationalstudy,whichfoundthat
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