2022年职称英语考试阅读理解习题(二十六)

2022年职称英语考试阅读理解习题(二十六)Thisisspeciallydesignededucationforchildrenwhoareeitherpartiallysightedorblind.Visionimpairmentsarediagnosedbymedicaldoctorswhoexaminethephysicalstructuresintheeyeandevaluatethechild’sabilitytoseeshapesofdifferentsizesatvariousdistances.IntheUnitedStates,approximately12outof1,000childrenreceivesomeformofspecialeducationbecauseofvisualimpairments.

Partiallysightedchildrenmayuseavarietyofadaptiveaidstoseemoreclearlyandtoreadprintedtext.Theseaidsincludemagnifiers,whichmaybeattachedtoeyeglasses;electronicsystemsforenlargingprintandmakingiteasiertosee;andlarge-printbooks.BlindchildrenusuallyaretaughttoreadBraille,asystemofraiseddotsembossedonpaperandreadbytouch.Inthepast,turningconventionalbooksintopagesofBraillewasverytime-consuming,andthelargebooksrequiredenormousstorageareas.However,mostBrailletextsarenowdoneelectronically.ManystudentsreadpaperlessBraillewiththeaidofmachinesthatmechanicallyraisethedotsinasmallpanelasthereaderprogressesthroughthetext.BecauseBraillecannotbereadveryrapidly,manyblindstudentsprefertolistentobooksbeingreadontapes.Somestudentsalsousereadingmachinesequippedwithcamerasthatscanlinesofprint,whichcomputersthenconverttosynthesizedspeech.

Manyblindandpartiallysightedchildrenreceiveorientationandmobilitytrainingasapartoftheireducation.Specialiststeachthemhowtotravelindependentlyintheirschoolsandcommunities,oftenwithandaid,suchasacane.

Mostchildrenwithvisionimpairmentsareeducatedinschoolswithintheircommunities.Visionspecialistsmayprovidespecialmaterialsandequipment,helpteachersandclassmatesunderstandthechildren’scondition,andpossiblyprovideadditionalinstruction.Thespecialistsmayalsoteachpartiallysightedchildrenhowtousetheirremainingvisionmoreeffectivelyandinstructthemintheuseofadaptiveaids.

Somechildrenwithvisionimpairmentsattendspecialschoolsdesignedtomeettheirparticularneeds.Likeboardingschools,theseschoolsoftenprovideresidentialservicesaswellaseducationalprograms.Theyalsohavespeciallydesignedfacilities,whichmaynotbefoundinneighborhoodschools,forblindchildrentoparticipateinathleticsandotheractivities.

Theeducationofmanychildrenwithvisionimpairmentsisfurthercomplicatedbytheirhavingotherdisabilities,suchasphysicaldisabilities,developmentalimpairments,orhearingloss.Educationforthosechildrenmightemphasizethedevelopmentoflanguageandcommunication,andpersonal,social,andvocationalskillsratherthanacademicskills.

1.Variousadaptiveaidsareusedto

A.curechildrenoftheirvisionimpairments.

B.helpchildrenseemoreclearlyandreadbooksandsoon.

C.teachchildrenhowtoturnBrailleintosynthesizedspeech.

D.teachchildrenhowtousetheirremainingvisionmoreeffectively.

2.Large-printbooksarethosebookswhich

A.areprintedwithlargepages.

B.havelargewordsinthem.

C.canbereadbyusingamagnifier.

D.canbereadwiththeaidofmachines.

3.Manyblindstudentsliketolistentobooksbecause

A.thesebookscantalkbythemselves.

B.thesynthesizedspeechisveryinteresting.

C.thiscansavetime.

D.thesestudentsarelazy.

4.“Orientationandmobilitytraining”ismeanttoteachblindandpartiallysightedchildren

A.howtounderstandpartoftheireducation.

B.howtouseacane.

C.howtomovearoundwithoutotherpeople’shelp.

D.howtohelpotherpeopletotravelindependently.

5.Itmaybegoodforchildrenwithvisionimpairmentstoliveinspecialschoolsbecausetheseschools

A.cansavethetroubleoftheircomingfromandgoin