全英语听说教程3讲义夹unit7the business world

Unit7TheBusinessPartQuestionsforWhatshouldbethemajorconcernsofabusinessor Whatmakesagoodemployer?AndwhatmakesagoodHowimportantarecustomers stoaWhatmakesasuccessfulSupposeyourjobisto evisitorstoyour.Whatwillyoudotomakethemfeelcomfortableandgivethemagoodimpression?Meetingsatmanagementlevelareheldregularlyina Whatmaybediscussedatsuchameeting?Whatistheroleofthechairmanofthemeeting?6.Meetingsatmanagementlevelareheldregularlyina.Whatmaybediscussedatsuchameeting?Whatistheroleofthechairmanofthemeeting?Awiderangeofbusinessissuesmaybediscussedatsuchmeetings,suchasdecisionmaking,businessns,finance,sales,newproductdevelopment,staffissuesandpublicrelations.Ameetingmaybeheldtoshareandevaluatecertaininformation,considerdecisions,andfindsolutionstoproblemsonhand.Dependingonthenatureandthespecificpurposeofameeting,theroleofthechairmanisprimarilytofacilitateeffectivecommunicationamongtheparticipantsonwhattodo,whentodoitandbywhatmeans.AdditionalQuestionforWhatarebusinessethics?CanyougivesomeexamplesofethicalorunethicalbusinessBusinessethicsdealwiththerightwayandwrongwayofngbusiness.Everydaywecanfindalotofethicalaswellasunethicalbusinesspracticesaroundus.Agoodexampleofanethicalpracticewouldbeforabusinesstogobytherulesandliveuptoitsownwords.Onthecontrary,oneofthemostcommonunethicalbusinesspracticeswouldbenotngwhatoneclaims,asisoftenshownbythedifferencebetweenattractiveadvertisementsandlow-qualityproducts.LanguageHerearesomesentencesandstructuresthatyoumayfindusefulindiscussingtheaboveTheprimaryconcernofabusinessistomakeaprofit.Asthesayinggoes,thebusinessofabusinessisbusiness.Companiesshoulddowhatisright,notjustwhatis shouldcombineitsconcernforprofitwithaconcernforthewell-beingofitsAgoodemployertreatsemployeesmoreasequalsthanassubordinates/respectsemployees/knowsthestrengthsandweaknessesofeachemployee/knowswhentopraiseandwhentocriticize/isstrictondiscipline.Agoodemployeehasspecializedknowledgeandskilltodohisorherjobwell/isateamyer/isloyaltothe /ishonestandhard-working/iscreativeandinnovative.CustomersatisfactionisessentialnotonlytothesuccessbutalsotothesurvivalofaOnlythosebusinessesthathaveagenuineconcernforcustomerscanretaincustomers/haveloyalcustomers/achieveandmaintainanedgeovercompetitors.Thesuccessofabusiness dependsonastrongleadership,goodmanagement,effectivemarketing,wiseinvestmentandanefficientwork.Weshouldgreetvisitorspoliy/directvisitorstothe stheywanttosee/doourbesttomakevisitorsfeelatease/beattentivetotheneedsofvisitors/bereadytoanswerquestionsfromvisitors.Meetingsareheldina tosolveaproblemormakeadecision/discussvarioustopicssuchasproducts,salesandmarketingstrategies.Thepurposeofabusinessmeetingmaybetofindwaystoincreasesales,todealwithadeclineinprofits,ortodiscusshowtoimprovethequalityofthe ’sproductsorservices.Thechairmanofameetingshouldhaveaclearideaofwhatistobeachievedatthemeeting/makethepurposeandagendaofthemeetingknowntoparticipants/invitecommentsfromparticipants/encouragedifferentviews/concludethemeetingwithabriefsummaryofwhatdecisionshavebeenmadeatthemeeting.AgoodchairmanknowshowtokeepameetingrunningontimeandtothePartListeningWord

ing perorsuitable n. whohasastorethatsellsflowers n.annedsetofactivitiesintendedtoachieveaparticularaim为某一目Kenneth （男子Kenneth:o,mynameisKennethJohnson.IhaveanappointmentwithMr.AndrewLaura:Oho,Mr.Johnson,I’mLauraLee.We’vespokenonthephoneacoupleoftimes.Nicetomeetyou.Kenneth:It’snicetobeLaura:Oh—letmetakeyourcoat.Kenneth:Thanks.Laura:Letmegetyouadrink,Mr.Kenneth:Yes,I’dlikeacupoftea,ifpossible,Laura:Sure.WithmilkorKenneth:Withlemon,please—andsugar.Twospoons.Laura:Right.(LaurabringsteatoMr.Johnson.)Laura:Didyouhaveagoodtrip?Kenneth:Absolu ynoproblems.Laura:That’sgood.Youflew,didn’tKenneth:Yes,that’sright,andthenItookataxidownherefromtheLaura:Oh,that’sgood.Kunmingcanbealittlewetatthistimeofyear…you’llhavetocomebackinsummer.Kenneth:Oh,I’dlikethat.Ialwayslikecomingto .MissLee,IwonderifIcouldsendafaxfromhere.It’sratherurgent.Laura:Yes,ofcourse.ShallIshowyoutothemachineorshallItakeit?Kenneth:Oh,itwouldbebetterifyoucouldtakeit—here’sthenumber.Laura:Fine.Wouldyoulikeanewspapertoread—orTheEconomist?Kenneth:No,it’sokay—IcanpreparesomeworkwhileI’mwaiting.Laura:Right,I’llgetthisoffforKenneth:Thanks.Oh—oneotherthing.Ineedtosendsomeflowerstomywife.Todayisthefifthofourmarriage.Ithinksomeflowersfromyourbeautifulcitywouldberatherappropriate,don’tyou?Laura:Oh,sure!Right,I’llgetyouanumberofaflorist.Iexpectyou’llwanttosendaspecialmessagewiththeflowers.Kenneth:Yes,I’llthinkofLaura:Oh,here’sMr.Song.Andrew,thisisMr.Johnson.He’sjustarrived. o,Mr.Johnson.Pleasedtomeetyouand ehere.Kenneth:Andrew:Nowshallwegoinsideandletmeexintheprogramtoyou?Kenneth:Sure.Andrew:Ithinkwe’vesentyouanoutlinefortheday—ifyouagree,wecouldstartwithawhichexinssomeofourservicesandthenwecouldhavealookatafewreportsonKenneth:That’llbeLanguageandCultureBackground nelofalarge iscomposedoftheCEO(chiefexecutiveofficer)andseniorexecutives(frequentlymembersoftheboardofdirectors),departmentalmanagers(whoareinchargeofvariousdepartments,suchassalesdepartment,productiondepartment),supervisors(responsiblefortheday-to-dayworkinoffices),generalstaffandjuniorstaff(secretariesandclerks).Therunningofa coversavarietyofareasincludingfinance,marketing,humanresources,informationandcustomerrelations.Majordecisionsconcerningthemanufacturingofaproduct,pricing,investment,thechoiceofabusinesspartner,negotiationpolicies,etc.,areusuallyreachedatboardmeetings,whichareheldregularly.Astaffmeetingisheldifamajorchangeof istobeannounced.Oneoftheroutinejobsofa ingvisitors,whichisimportantinestablishinggoodrelationshipswithpotentialbusinesspartners,sorcustomers.Asvisitorsareinanewenvironment,theymayfeelillatease.Itisthejobofthereceptionistorthesecretarytomakethemfeelrelaxedandcomfortable.Attendingtotheir alneedsandengagingtheminsmalltalkareeffectivewaystoputthematease.Inthetext,LauraLee,whoismostlikelyMr.AndrewSong’ssecretary,doesherbesttomakeKennethJohnsoncomfortable.TheaBritishweeklymagazineofbusinessnewsandopinions.Foundedin1843byJamesTheEconomistiswidelyregardedasoneoftheworld’sbestjournalsofitsI’llgetthisoffforI’llsendthefaxforI’llgetyouanumberofaI’llfindaflorist’sphonenumberforanoutlinefortheasketchoftheactivitiesfortheExerciseListentotheconversationandwritedownanswerstothefollowingWherearetheInMr.AndrewSong’sWhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenAndrewSongandLauraLee?Bossandsecretary.WhatisthepurposeofMr.Johnson’svisittoKunming?ToseeMr.AndrewSongonbusiness.ExerciseListentotheconversationagainandchoosetherightanswerstothequestionsyouHowwelldidLauraLeeknowMr.HewasatotalstrangertoSheoftentalkedtohimontheHewasanoldfriendofShehadspokentohimonthephonebuthadnevermethimHowdidMr.JohnsonlikehisWithmilkandWithlemonandWithtwoslicesofWithmilkandonelumpofWhatdidLauradotohelpMr.SheofferedtosendanurgentfaxforSheboughtsomepresentsforhisSheshowedhimwheretheirfaxmachineSheorderedsomeflowersfromalocalfloristforWhydidMr.JohnsonwanttosendsomeflowerstohiswifethatItwasherItwastheirfifthweddingItwasthedaytheyfirstItwastheirengagementWhatwasMr.JohnsongoingtodoattheendoftheAskMr.SongtoexinsomeoftheirTalktoMr.Songaboutthenforthe DiscussnnswithMr.Word

AtaBusiness n.moneygainedbybusinessactivity n. whichisownedbya n.itemstobedealtwithatameeting会议议程 n.anshowinghowmoneyistobespent预算 a.notmovingorchanging静止的，不变的 n.ageneralcontinuousincreaseinpricesinacountryfaceup tobebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith地接受或对ina statedinaverybriefwaythatsumsupthemainpointsclearlySam （男子 （男子名Chairman:Okay,Ithinkweshouldstartnow.It’steno’clock.Voices:Okay/Right/Yeah.Chairman:Well,we’reheretodaytolookatsomeofthereasonsforthedeclineinprofitswhichhasaffectedthissubsidiary.You’veallseentheagenda.I’dliketoaskifanyonehasanycommentsonitbeforewestart.Voices:No/It’sfine/Chairman:Right,well,canIaskSamCanning,ChiefSalesExecutive,toopenupwithhisSam:Thankyou,Bernard.Well,IthinkwehavetofaceuptoseveralrealitiesandwhatIhavetosayisinthreepartsandwilltakeabouttwentyminutes.Chairman:Er,Sam…wedon’thavemuchtime—it’sreallyyourmainpointswe’remostinterestedJane:Yes.CanIaskonething,Mr.Chairman?Isn’tthisaglobalprobleminourChairman:Sorry,Jane,Ican’tallowustoconsiderthatquestionjustyet.We’lllookattheglobalquestionlater.Sam,sorry,pleasecarryon.Sam:Well,thethreepointsIwanttomakecanbemadeinthreesentences.First,salesaredown,butonlyby5%morethanforthegroupasawhole.Secondly,ourbudgetforsaleshasbeenkeptstatic—ithasn’tincreased,notevenwithinflation,sowe’retryingtodobetterthanlastyearonlessmoney.Thirdly—Jane:That’snotexactlytrueChairman:Jane,please.LetSamSam:Thirdly,theproductsaregettingold—weneedanewChairman:Soletmesummarizethat.Yousaythatsalesaredownbutnotbysomuch,thatyou’vehadlessmoneytopromotesalesandthattheproductsareold.Isthatright?Sam:Ina Chairman:DoesanyonehaveanythingtoaddtoJane:Well,onthequestionoffundingIhavetodisagreeLanguageandCultureabusinessHereisprobablyameetingofthechiefexecutivesorboardofdirectorsofa.Theessentialelementsofsuchameetingare:aclearpurpose,anagenda,theparticipants,the ofthemeeting,andareport,whichisusuallytheminutestakendownbythesecretary.Copiesoftheagendashouldbedistributedtoparticipantsinadvancesothattheycangetpreparedforthemeeting.Thechair presidesoverthemeeting,whosejobistodirectthecourseofthemeetingandensurethatitachievesitsaims.Thechair mayaskaspeakertokeeptothepoint,orstopaparticipantfrominterruptingthespeaker’sspeechasBernarddoesinthetext.ChiefSalesaseniormemberof inchargeofpromotingthesalesof faceuptoseveralacceptanddealwithcertainharshcarrygoonneedanewneedtoproducenewproductstorecetheoldExerciseListentotheconversationandchoosetherightanswerstothequestionsyouWhatisthepurposeoftheTodiscussthecausesofthedeclineinTodiscussthecausesofthedecreaseinTodiscusswaystopromoteTodiscussthefundingoftheWhatcanbeinferredfromthediscussionattheJanedisagreeswithSamastohow shouldspendJaneagreeswithSamthatinflationisoneoftheproblemsthatcausethedeclineinSamdoesn’tthinkthesalesdepartmentshouldbeheldresponsibleforthedeclineinSamthinksthebestwaytoincreasesalesistointroduceanewgenerationofExerciseListentotheconversationagain.ImagineyouaretakingtheminutesandfillintheformPurposePurposeof todiscussthecausesofthedeclinein 10:00 FirstSpeaker: SamCanning ChiefSalesExecutiveMainpointsofhistalk:SalesaredownbutnotbytooThebudgetforsaleshasn’tincreasedevenwithTheproductsareSpeakingPairReflectionsontheYouhavejustheardtwoconversationsabouttworoutinetasksina ingavisitorandhavingameeting.HowwelldoyouthinkLaura,thesecretaryinthefirstconversation,andBernard,thechairmaninthesecond,havedonetheirjobs?Whatarethechallengesoftheirjobs?Whyaretheirjobsimportant?Exchangeviewswithyourpartner.Youmaywanttousethefollowingquestionsasaguidetoorganizeyourthoughts.GuidingFor ingWhyisthejob ingvisitorsHowwelldoyouthinkLauradidherWhatqualitiesdidshedisyinher ctionwithMr.AftergreetingMr.Johnsonandbringinghimadrink,Lauraengagedinsomesmalltalkwithhim.Whydoyouthinkshedidthis?WhatelsedidLauradotohelpMr.Johnson?WerethesethingspartofherDoyouthinkshehasleftagoodimpressiononMr.For“AtaBusinessWhatistheresponsibilityofthechairmanofabusinessmeeting?(Keepcontrolofthemeeting;makesuretheaimofthemeetingisreached.)Whatarethechallengesinchairingabusinessmeeting?(Participantsmaysidetrackordwelltoolongonatopic;theymayinterrupteachotherorevenstartanargument.)HowwelldoyouthinkMr.Bernardconductedthemeeting?(Consider,forexample,howhestartedthemeeting,howheproceededfromonestageofthemeetingtoanother,howhedealtwithJane’sinterruptions,andhowheaskedSamtocuthisspeechshort.)WhatqualitiesdidheshowasthechairmanoftheWithoutBernard’sleadership,whatmight eofthePossibleAnswers(fortheteacher’sAlthoughthejobof ingvisitorsmayseemroutineandtrivial,itsimportancecan’tbeoverlooked.Forvisitors,the esthemisthefirstrepresentativeofthe Goodimpressionscreatedatthisstagemayhelpwithlaterbusinessactivities.Inthisrespect,LauraLeeclearlyhasdoneagoodjob.Shewasfriendlyandefficient.Besidesperformingsuchroutinetasksasgreetingandofferingadrink,shestartedafriendlyconversationwithJohnson,thevisitor,puttinghimquiteatease.LauraalsotriedherbesttoattendtoMr.Johnson’salneeds,sendinganurgentfaxforhimandgivinghimthephonenumberofafloristsothathecouldsendsomeflowerstohiswife,althoughthesethingsdidn’tseemtobepartofherduty.Herfriendlinessandwillingnesstohelpmusthaveleftaverygoodimpressiononthevisitor.Aneffectivemeetingdoesn’tsimplyhappen.Participantsmaysidetrackordwelltoolongonatopic,ortheymayinterrupteachotherorevenstartanargument.Itistheresponsibilityofthechairmantokeepcontrolanddirectthecourseofthemeetingtowardtheintendedaim.Bernard,thechairmaninthetext,conductedthemeetingverywell.Aclearthinkerandacapableleader,heledthediscussionfromonestagetothenextveryskillfully.Hestartedthemeetingwithaclearstatementofitspurpose,whichwastodiscusswhytherewasadeclineinprofits;hemadesurethattheparticipantshadnoobjectionstotheagenda;heinvitedtheright SamCanning,whowastheChiefSalesExecutive,tospeakonthetopicfirst;hesummarizedthemajorpointsofSam’sspeechsuccinctlyandinvitedcommentsfromtheotherparticipants.Thankstohismanagingskills,themeetingmovedforwardsmoothly.Bernardwasalsoverygoodatkeethemeetingintherightdirection.HepoliybutfirmlystoppedJanefromsidetrackingandlaterpreventedherfrominterruptingSam.HealsosuccessfullymadeSamcutshorthisspeechsothatnotimewouldbewasted.Withouthisleadership,themeetingmighthavebeenunnecessarilyprolonged,orlostfocusinanargumentbetweenJaneandSam.Inshort,IthinkBernardwaswellqualifiedforhisPartTestYourAListentothepassageandchoosetherightanswerstothequestionsyouWhodoyouthinkmightbetheManageroftheFinancialManagerofthenelChairmanoftheTechnologyChairmanof WhenmightbethetalkAtthebeginningoftheAttheendoftheInthemiddleoftheBytheendoftheWhatcanyoulearnfromtheThespeakerfeelsratherdisappointedwiththeinternationalconsumerThespeakerisverymuchworriedaboutthefutureof Thespeakerthinks hastoomanyThespeakerissatisfiedwithwhatthethreedepartmentshaveWhichofthefollowingisAmericaisoneof ’slargestexportNewtechnologyisoffirstimportancetothefuturegrowthof The neldevelopmentisagreat neldepartmenthasastaffofThisyearour asawholehasperformedwell—especiallyinAmerica,ourlargestexportmarket.Aswesee,onthefinancialfronttheresultshavebeenverypleasing.Costshavedroppedby3%andprofitsareupby16%.However,thedomesticconsumermarkethasbeenverycompetitiveandwillcontinuetobeso.Icansayourresultsinthismarkethavebeenratherdisappointing—just1%upcomparedwithlastyear.Nowlet’smoveonto nel.Ourof neldevelopmentthroughtrainingandpromotionopportunitieshas tobeagreatsuccess.Wehaveactuallyrecruited72newstaff,while20haveretired—sothereisanetbalanceof52.Thetrainingdepartmenthasexpandedconsiderablyandmovedintonewareassuchasqualityassuranceandsalestraining.Finallytechnology.Ithinkyouwouldbeinterestedtohaveanupdatesincethisisvitalforourfuturegrowth.Overthelastyear,ourresearchdepartmenthasthoroughlytestedanewprototypeengine.Resultssofarhavelookedpromising.WehavealsoinvestedheavilyinaEuropeantechnologyprogramwhichlinksindustrywiththeuniversities.So,thosearethethreemainareas—finance, nelandtechnology.ArethereanyquestionsbeforeIgoon?PartTimetoLookatthesepicturesanddescribethemonebyone.Ifpossible,tryalsotofindsomethingrelevanttotalkabout.NASDAQscreen,theindexscrolling(滚动),toshowthelatestfigures,investmentinthetechnologysectorahealthindexoftheU.Seconomytheupsanddownsonthescreen,affecttheeconomyoftheU.S.andtheworldaswellabusinessmeetingbetweentwocompanies,thevisitorfromEuropeorAmerica,shakehandswiththehost,fromaJapanese,bow(鞠躬)whileshakinghands,it’sveryimportantforcompanies,reachbeyondtheirowncountries,dobusinesswithothercountriesagroupofmenclaptheirhands,celebratethecooperationbetweenthetwocompanies:HondaandAlabama,havegotlisted(挂牌上市)inNYSE,NewYorkStockExchange,twoAsians,therepresentatives(代表)fromHonda,profitsandbenefitsareimportant InthispictureweseethefamousNASDAQscreenwiththeindexscrollingtoshowthelatestfiguresofthestockmarket.AsfarasIknow,NASDAQmainlyfocusesoninvestmentinthetechnologysector,orthehi-techsector.It’salsoahealthindexoftheU.S.economy.AnyupsanddownsoftheNASDAQindexwouldaffecttheeconomyoftheU.S.andtheworldas Here’sabusinessmeetingbetweentwocompanies.ThevisitorseemstohavecomefromEuropeorAmerica,andhe’sshakinghandswithhishost,perhapsfromaJapanese,becausehebowswhileshakinghandswiththeguest.Ithinkthatinthebusinessworlditisveryimportantforcompaniestoreachbeyondtheirowncountriesanddobusinesswithother Inthispictureweseeagroupofmenclaptheirhands.Theyseemtocelebratethecooperationbetweenthetwocompanies:HondaandAlabama.TheyseemtohavegotlistedinNYSE,thatis,NewYorkStockExchange.WealsoseetwoAsians,whomustbetherepresentativesfromHonda.Inthebusinessworld,profitsandbenefitsareimportantandnecessaryforcompaniestogrow.MovieTimeWordpit n. n. n. （商场名 n. v. v. ；cater n. n. v.分泌Ifyoulovetoshop,buthavebabiesonboard,thenwhatyouneedisafamily-sizepitstop.Andthismallhasitall,177storeswideraislesforstrollers,andan800-square-footretreatfortheladieswithbabies.ThisistheWestfieldShoptowninSt.Louis,hometoourBestMommiesLadies“There’snotalotofpubliccesyoucangowhereyouhaveanicecomfortablechairwithyourownprivateareathatyoucannurse.”Westfieldfoundthatwomenwillopttoshopwherethebathroomsarethebest,sotheybuilt1.2million-square-footMeccawithmommiesin“Ithinkthatbycateringtothewomen’sneeds,andkeethemhappy,theyshoplonger,whichisoneoftheirfavoritethingstodo.”“Momswillspendmoremoneywhenthey’renotasA