考点19记叙文类七选五（解析版）

考点19记叙文类七选五（解析版）【命题解读】题材以说明文为主,但应注意考查记叙文、议论文的可能性，复习时也应注意；包含新课标中的全部主题语境，但以人与社会主题为主；标题时有时无；设空以短中、段首为主，段中是考察重点，断尾一般最多设一题；思维导图位置解题法句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。段中题例证关系前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/comparison,bycomparison等。因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so,therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。递进关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what'smore,what'sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。例子1…●__40__Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.…A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]设空处位于段首，应是该段落的小标题。该段的主要内容是“如果晨练，你就更有可能会坚持一整天吃健康的食物”，故该段的主旨是“坚持健康饮食”；再结合本段中的“healthyfood”“junkfood”与A项中的diet相关，故选A。例子2…●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.__38__Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.…A．Youwillsticktoyourdiet.B．Yourqualityofsleepimproves.C．Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.D．Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemorning.E．Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4－10hoursafterexercise.F．Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.G．Ifyouareplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup![分析]设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路里”中的关键词“throughouttheday”与文中的“thewholeday”呼应。故选F。例子3…Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.__40__.A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou'relookingforC．Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwithE．It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways[分析]该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的“thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。【真题1】【2022年新高考1卷】FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartner.”Onereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”whileanotherread:“___36___”Withaworkoutpartner,youwillincreaseyourtrainingeffortasthereisasubtle(微妙)competition.So,howdoyoufindaworkoutpartner?Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.___37___Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?Thinkabouttheexercisesyouwouldliketodowithyourworkoutpartner.Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon’tresultinausefulresponse.___38___Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.___39___Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.___40___Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit—yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.Thecore(核心)ofyourrelationshipisthatyouwillalwaysbetheretohelpeachother.A.Yourfirstmeetingmaybealittleawkward.B.Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.C.You’llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.D.Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?E.Howcanyouwriteagood“seekingtrainingpartner”notice?F.Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.G.Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.G40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。【36题详解】根据前文“FitnessMagazinerecentlyrananarticletitled“FiveReasonstoThankYourWorkoutPartne.”Onereasonwas:“You’llactuallyshowupifyouknowsomeoneiswaitingforyouatthegym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'llworkharderifyoutrainwithsomeoneelse.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【37题详解】根据前文“Firstofall,decidewhatyouwantfromthatperson.(首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Ordoyoujustwanttobephysicallyfit,abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility?(或者你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项D“Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport?(你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。【38题详解】根据前文“Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse.(你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文“Ifyouplanonworkingoutinagym,thatpersonmustbelongtothesamegym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“Aworkoutpartnerusuallyneedstolivecloseby.(锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。【39题详解】根据前文“Mypartnerpostedherrequestonthenoticeboardofalocalpark.Hernoticeincludedwhatkindoftrainingshewantedtodo,howmanydaysaweekandhowmanyhoursshewantedtospendoneachsession,andherage.Italsolistedherfavoritesportsandactivities,andprovidedherphonenumber.(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Anynoticeforatrainingpartnershouldincludesuchinformation.(任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。【40题详解】根据前文“Youandyourpartnerwillprobablyhavedifferentskills.(你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Overtime,bothofyouwillbenefit--yourpartnerwillbeabletoliftmoreweightsandyouwillbecomemorephysicallyfit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Justacceptyourdifferencesandlearntoworkwitheachother.(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【真题2】【2022年全国甲卷】ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(礼节)mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.___36___.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.___37___.HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.___38___,insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile,youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests___39___.InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange,buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.___40___,themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A.ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB.ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC.MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD.Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE.It’sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF.NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG.Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【答案】36.D37.F38.C39.G40.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。【36题详解】根据文章标题“ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOut(外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurant(不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“atarestaurant”对应标题中的“WhenDiningOut”，同时引起下文“Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.(知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。【37题详解】根据本段小标题“ChopstickRules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites,alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.(当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Neverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethem(不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。【38题详解】根据本段小标题“HandsorUtensils(餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,it’sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.(在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“insteadpreferringtousetheirhands(相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensils(墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。【39题详解】根据本段小标题“MakingRequests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon’tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly,inItaly,neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.(在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“Itmayseemlikesimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal(吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。【40题详解】根据下文“themorecomfortableyou’llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.(你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“Themoretimeyouspendinanygivencountry(你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。【真题3】【2020年7月·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.31Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.32Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.___33___MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreations,shetoldmehowcreativemydesignswere.34Ilearnedalotabouthowtoextendthelifeofobjectsandtransformthemintosomethingnewanduseful.Itwasatrait(特点)othersfoundhelpful,andIsoonhadfriendswhowantedtomakethingswithme.35Myparentsmadeitapointfortheirtwokidstospendtimeoutside,nomattertheweatherorseason.Mybrother,ofcourse,racedofftobewithhisfriends,whileIhadplentytodomyself.Therewasmakingleafhousesinautumn,iceskatinginwinter,andsomuchmore.They’reallmemoriesItreasuretoday.A.Iwasn'taloneanylonger.B.Ienjoyedreadingstoriesaloud.C.Iwasinvitedtoplaywithanotherkid.D.Ilovedthecolorfulphotographsinthebooks.E.AnotherhabitIformedearlywasbeingoutdoors.F.Thus,Ibeganmylifelonginterestinmakingthings.G.Myolderbrothercouldn’tbebotheredtoplaywithme.【答案】31.G32.D33.A34.F35.E【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。31.设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“Myelderbrother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G项。32.根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故事的书。D项切题。故选D项。33.根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。A项切题。故选A项。34.根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。35.根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。【真题4】【2017年6月全国1卷】IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectsbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.

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Wesleptinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor'sbillformyson'sfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.

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Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.Mynature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.

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Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.

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camping.F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G.Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。36．D【解析】考查上下文的语境理解。根据前文可知，三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营。暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的however就起到了很好的转折作用。其次，IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的sincethen“自从那时候起”，和前文时间吻合。故选D。37.C【解析】根据后文Wesleepinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom可知作者第一次露营条件很艰苦，C选项Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。38.A【解析】根据前文Wesleepinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshowerandusethebathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项Thistimetherewasnotent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。39.F【解析】根据后文weboughtatwenty-eight-foottraveltrailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitharefrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。40.E【解析】根据后文Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.“我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好的衔接了后文。故选E。【模拟题1】【2022·山西·一模】Lifeoffersitsfairshareofchallenges.Atanygiventime,anyonecanfacedifficultsea-sonsintheirlife.Itistrueforyou.Whenyou'reexperiencingdifficulty,it'salwayshelpfultohaveasupportsystemtogetthroughit.____1____Knowingthis,thereareafewwaysyoucanbecomesupportiveofafamilymemberwhoisinthemidstofastruggle.Offerlegalresources.Ifyouhavefamilymemberswhoareintroublewiththelaw,youcanofferassistancebypointinginthedirectionofvariouslegalresources,Youcanevendecidetocoverapartoftheirlegalfeesincourt.____2____Provideencouragement.Whenpeoplearedownontheirluck,it'sreallyeasyforthemtogetdiscouragedandgiveup.Instead,it'sawisemovetoofferwordsofencouragementtotheperson.Alwaysremindthemthatthey'restrong,capableandmorepowerfulthantheyrealize.____3____Beasafeplace.Sometimes,peoplestrugglebecausetheydon'tfeelanyloveorsupportfromanyonearoundthem.____4____Betheirlightinthedarkplaces.Thiscandosomuchforsomeonewhoiscarryingalotontheinside.____5____Youneverwanttomakeapersonfeelliketheycan'tmakeitwithoutyouintheirlife.Ifyou'reallowingthefamilymembertolivewithyouforacertainperiodoftime,bestrictaboutwhatneedstohappenduringthattime.Makesurethattheydevelopaplan,timelineandmeasuredactionstepsthatcanhelpthemgetbackontheirfeet.A．Nomanisanisland.B．EncourageindependenceC．Infact,theyaresurroundedbypressure.D．Alwayscompetewithyourfamilymembers.E．Tellthemthattheywillgetthroughthissituation.F．It'salluptoyoutodecidehowyoucanhelpthem.G．However,youknowthatthere'snothingyoucando.1．A2．F3．E4．C5．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对困难。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的。本文介绍了帮助家人渡过难关的几个办法。1．根据上文“Lifeoffersitsfairshareofchallenges.Atanygiventime,anyonecanfacedifficultsea-sonsintheirlife.Itistrueforyou.Whenyou'reexperiencingdifficulty,it'salwayshelpfultohaveasupportsystemtogetthroughit.(生活总是充满挑战。在任何时候，任何人都可能在他们的生活中面对困难。这对你来说是真的。当你遇到困难时，有人支持你度过难关总是很有帮助的)”讲到任何人都有遇到困难的时刻。A项字面意思为“没有人是一座孤岛”，深层含义为我们都是有亲人朋友的，都要互相帮助的，也呼应上文的support，还能引出下文，要学会一些帮助亲人度过难关的方法，符合语境。故选A项。2．根据上文“Offerlegalresources.Ifyouhavefamilymemberswhoareintroublewiththelaw,youcanofferassistancebypointinginthedirectionofvariouslegalresources,Youcanevendecidetocoverapartoftheirlegalfeesincourt.(提供法律资源。如果你的家庭成员在法律上遇到了麻烦，你可以通过指向各种法律资源的方向来提供帮助，你甚至可以决定在法庭上为他们支付一部分法律费用。如何帮助他们全由你决定)”举例了帮助遇到法律问题的家人的两个办法。F项内容：到底采取哪种方法去帮助他们是由你决定的，符合语境。故选F项。3．本空位于段末，上文“Provideencouragement.Whenpeoplearedownontheirluck,it'sreallyeasyforthemtogetdiscouragedandgiveup.Instead,it'sawisemovetoofferwordsofencouragementtotheperson.Alwaysremindthemthatthey'restrong,capableandmorepowerfulthantheyrealize.（提供鼓励。当人们运气不好的时候，他们很容易气馁和放弃。相反，给对方一些鼓励的话是一个明智的举动。总是提醒他们，他们比自己意识到的更强大、更有能力）”表示，遇到困难的人都需要鼓励，E项内容：告诉他们能一定能渡过难关，这也是鼓励的话，承接上文。故选E项。4．本空前一句“Sometimes,peoplestrugglebecausetheydon'tfeelanyloveorsupportfromanyonearoundthem.（做一个安全的所在。有时人们过得很艰难，因为他们感受不到周围人的爱和支持）”。C项：事实上，他们被压力包围，这是又列举一个他们遇到的困境，空后开始建议怎么帮忙。C项承接上文。故选C项。5．该空为段首句，应概括全段，下文“Youneverwanttomakeapersonfeelliketheycan'tmakeitwithoutyouintheirlife.…Makesurethattheydevelopaplan,timelineandmeasuredactionstepsthatcanhelpthemgetbackontheirfeet.(你永远不想让一个人觉得没有你他们就活不下去。…确保他们制定一个计划，时间安排和有节制的行动步骤，以帮助他们重新站起来)”家人遇到困难，你帮他，但不是替他生活，最终还是要鼓励处于困境中的家人学会重新站起来，getbackontheirfeet呼应B项independence,所以B项是最符合段落主旨的选项。故选B项。【模拟题2】【2022·辽宁实验中学一模】“Musiciswhereeverythingstarted,”SamiraHortonsays.____6____Shehasbeenrappingandperformingsinceshewas6yearsold.Throughmusic,DJAnnieRedsays,“Icanexpressmyselfandletoutmyemotion.”Therisinghip-hopstarusesmusictoshareamessageaboutbullying.“Iwasbulliedalot,”shesays,“eventoday,especiallybecauseofmyvoice.”DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice.____7____ButDJAnnieRedhasfoundawaytoriseabovetheirruderemarks.Insteadofthinkingofhervoiceasaweakness,sheusesittospreadheranti-bullyingmessagefarandwide.____8____Shepostshermusiconline,too.Shelikestogivestudentsarhythmicandinteractiveshowwhileteachingthemhowtoovercomebullying.“Itmakesthemfeellikethey'renotalone.”AnnieRedbelievesthatstandinguptobullyingismoreimportantthanever.____9____“Youdon'thavetoshowyourfaceatall,”shesays.“Someonecouldeasilybeaffectedbythat.”____10____Shebelievesthatkidsofhergenerationcanmakethingsbetterbyfindingtheirpassions,andusingthosepassionstoinspirechanges,asshehas.“Kids'beingmoreconfidentinthemselvesandwantingtodosomethingthattheyreallyenjoydoingissomethingthatmotivatesmetokeepdoingwhatIdo.”A．Butsheseesabrighterfutureahead.B．Peoplehavetoldhershesoundslikeaboy.C．Sheencourageskidsofallagestostanduptobullying.D．DJAnnieRedhasperformedatschools,festivalsandBrooklynNetgames.E．Her2017book,TheBullyStop,isbasedonhersong“NoYouWon'tBullyMe”.F．The13-year-oldfromBrooklyn,NewYork,isknowntotheworldasDJAnnieRed.G．That'sbecausepeoplecanbullyothersonsocialmediawhilehidingbehindausername.6．F7．B8．D9．G10．A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了两位闻名世界的小音乐家对待欺凌的态度，以及她们如何用音乐来对抗欺凌。6．根据空前“SamiraHortonsays（SamiraHorton说道）”空后“Shehasbeenrappingandperformingsinceshewas6yearsold.（自从她6岁开始，她就一直在说唱，在表演。）”可知，空前提出了SamiraHorton这个人，且空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱，此空也应是对SamiraHorton的介绍，F项“这个来自纽约布鲁克林13岁的女孩，就如DJAnnieRed一样，闻名于世界”符合，故选F项。7．根据空前“DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice.（DJAnnieRed声音很低沉）”可知，B项“人们说她的声音像男生的声音”是前文的顺义承接，前文说她声音低沉，所以人们会说她的声音像男生的声音，故选B项。8．根据空后“Shepostshermusiconline,too.（她也将她的音乐传到网上去）”可知，空后讲的是她表演的方式，且根据本句的“too（也）”可以推出，本空也应是她表演的方式，D项“DJAnnieRed在学校、节日里以及布鲁克林网络游戏上表演”符合，故选D项。9．根据空前“AnnieRedbelievesthatstandinguptobullyingismoreimportantthanever.（认为勇敢抵抗欺凌比之前更加重要）”以及空后“‘Youdon'thavetoshowyourfaceatall,’shesays.‘Someonecouldeasilybeaffectedbythat.’（她说道，你根本不需要露脸，但是一些人很容易就受到伤害。）”可知，空前说勇敢抵抗欺凌很重要，后文提到不需要露脸，因此是在网上欺凌，G项“那是因为人们可以在社交媒体上欺凌别人，并且还是隐藏在用户名背后”承上启下，解释空前对抗霸凌更重要的原因，并说隐藏在用户名背后，引出后文的不用露脸，故选G项。10．根据空前提到出现网上欺凌对人伤害不小，以及空后“Shebelievesthatkidsofhergenerationcanmakethingsbetterbyfindingtheirpassions,andusingthosepassionstoinspirechanges,asshehas.（她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展，并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变）”可知，前文说明网上欺凌的伤害，后文又说明事情会朝好的方向发展，前后为转折关系，A项“但是她却看到了前方明亮的未来。”符合，故选A项。【模拟题3】【2022·河北唐山·一模】WhenIwasanincoming(即将入学的）studentinUniversityofOxford，IparticipatedFYSOP.Eversincethen,wheneveritcomesupinconversation,Iammetwiththefollowingquestion:“WhatisFYSOP?”____11____FYSOPstandsforFirstYearStudentOutreachProject,whichfocusesaroundaweekservicetothecityofOxfordanditsvariousneighborhoods.____12____TheyvolunteerfortheOxfordcommunityatlocalsiteshelpingoutschools,parksornon-profitorganizations.Studentsaredividedintogroupsandledbystudentleaders.Theseleadersensurethateachplaceispreparedandthatthestudentsgettheresafely.____13____Inthiswaytheincomingstudentsareabletoreflectonwhatitmeanstogivebackandtobeapartofthecommunity.Theseconversationsareimportantforincomingstudentsbecauseofthechangetheyexperiencestartingoutincollege.____14____Studentsobtainvaluablevolunteerexperiencesandmeetnewpeople.Also,FYSOPparticipantsgettomoveinaweekearlierthanmostotherstudents.Thismeansthatyougettoskipoutonthehurriedmoveinscheduleandmightevengetaslightlycheaperflightthanifyouweremovinginwiththeother140,000collegestudents.____15____Throughmypersonalexperience,Imetsomeofmybestfriends,gotabetterunderstandingofthelayout(布局)ofOxford，andreallyenjoyedvolunteeringatvariousnon-profits.Ifyouarenot,maybeconsiderstaffingFYSOPinthefuture.A．Here’sabriefintroduction.B．Here’swhyithasbeenestablished.C．Theparticipantsareallincomingstudents.D．TherearesomanybonusesbeingapartofFYSOP!E．Ifyou’reanincomingstudent,FYSOPisworthlookinginto.F．Boththecommunityandthestudentsbenefitalotfromtheproject.G．Leadersalsoopenupconversationsthroughouttheserviceexperience.11．A12．C13．G14．D15．E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了FYSOP的含义和参与活动的意义。11．根据前文“Eversincethen,wheneveritcomesupinconversation,Iammetwiththefollowingquestion:“WhatisFYSOP?”(从那时起，每当在对话中提到这个问题时，我都会遇到以下问题：“FYSOP是什么?”)”及下文内容可知，这里为承上启下句，简要介绍FYSOP。A选项“Here’sabriefintroduction.(以下是它的一个简短的介绍。)”符合题意，故选A。12．根据前文“FYSOPstandsforFirstYearStudentOutreachProject,whichfocusesaroundaweekservicetothecityofOxfordanditsvariousneighborhoods.(FYSOP是第一年学生外展项目的缩写，它侧重于为牛津市及其各个社区提供一周的服务。)”和后文“TheyvolunteerfortheOxfordcommunityatlocalsiteshelpingoutschools,parksornon-profitorganizations.(他们为牛津社区做志愿者，在当地的学校、公园或非盈利组织提供帮助。)”可知，本段介绍的是参与该项目的对象和内容。C选项“Theparticipantsareallincomingstudents.(参加者都是即将入学的学生。)”符合题意，故选C。13．根据前文“Studentsaredividedintogroupsandledbystudentleaders.Theseleadersensurethateachplaceispreparedandthatthestudentsgettheresafely.(学生分成小组，由学生干部领导。这些领导确保每个地方都做好了准备，并确保学生安全到达。)”和后文“Theseconversationsareimportantforincomingstudentsbecauseofthechangetheyexperiencestartingoutincollege.(这些对话对即将入学的学生很重要，因为他们在大学开始时经历了变化。)”可知，在项目活动中，由学生领导开展服务并展开对话。G选项“Leadersalsoopenupconversationsthroughouttheserviceexperience.(在整个服务体验过程中，领导者也会展开对话。)”符合题意，conversations是关键词。故选G。14．根据后文“Studentsobtainvaluablevolunteerexperiencesandmeetnewpeople.Also,FYSOPparticipantsgettomoveinaweekearlierthanmostotherstudents.Thismeansthatyougettoskipoutonthehurriedmoveinscheduleandmightevengetaslightlycheaperflightthanifyouweremovinginwiththeother140,000collegestudents.(学生获得宝贵的志愿者经验和认识新的人。此外，FYSOP的参与者比大多数学生提前一周入住。这意味着你可以避开匆忙的搬家计划，甚至可能比你搬去和其他14万大学生一起住便宜一点的航班。)”可知，本段讲述的是学生参与这个服务的好处。D选项“TherearesomanybonusesbeingapartofFYSOP!(FYSOP中有很多奖励!)”符合题意，故选