初中英语人教新目标九年级Grammar铁小中考专题时态

考点1一般现在时

1用法表示习惯性或经常性发生的动作或状态，也可表示普遍真理和自然规律。

标志词often,usually,sometimes,always,seldom,everyday,twiceaweek,howoften

肯定式①主＋动词原形②主＋动词(­s/­es)(主语是第三人称单数)③主＋am/is/are＋表语①Theyoftenrideabiketoschool.②Heusuallywalkstoschool.③I'maboy.训练11.OurteachertoldusthattheYangtzeRiver_____(be)thelongestriverinChina.2.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.It___________(not)work.3.Jim______(run)fastestinhisclass.isdoesn'truns考点2一般过去时

2用法表示过去习惯性或经常性发生的动作或状态。

标志词yesterday,lastweek,ago,justnow,in＋过去的年份，

theotherday,thismorning肯定式①主＋动词过去式(­ed)②主＋was/were＋表语①Wesawafilmlastnight.②Shewasalittlegirl3yeasago.训练2（）1.I‘msosorry.I______thesignjustnow.Iwon'tdothatagain.A.didn'tseeB.don'tseeC.didn'tsawD.don'tsee()2.----Haveyouhandedinyourreport?-----Yes,I____itlastFriday?A.handingB.handC.handsD.handedAD考点3现在进行时

用法表示现在正在进行或发生的动作和状态。

标志词now,look,listen,atthemoment,bequiet,keepsilent,allthetime,thesedays,atpresent

肯定式主＋be(am/is/are)＋动词­ingI'mlisteningtomusicnow.3训练31.---WhereisSmith?-----He_____________(work)inthelab.2.Keepsilent!Thebabies______________(sleep)now.3.I______________(make)breakfastanditwillbereadysoon.isworkingaresleepingammaking考点4过去进行时

用法表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行或发生的动作和状态。标志词then,atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,ateightlastnight,when,while肯定式主＋be(was/were)＋动词­ingHewaslisteningtotheradiowhenhismothercameback.4训练4（）1.WhenIgottothefactory,theworkers_____aboutthefilm.A.aretalkingB.talkedC.weretalkingD.havetalked()2.Whileayoungman_____her,she______herwork.A.watched;wasdoingB.waswatching;didC.watched;didD.waswatching;wasdoingCD考点5一般将来时

用法表示将要发生的动作或状态。

标志词tomorrow,fromnowon,nextyear,thisevening,tonight,inthefuture,soon,in＋一段时间，

howsoon

第一种will/shall＋动词原形(shall一般用于第一人称的疑问句，表建议)Iwillhelpyou.第二种begoingto＋动词原形(强调计划或打算要做的事)WearegoingtohaveanEnglishpartythisSaturday.5训练5()1.Iwilltellhimassoonashe______back.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came()2.Iftheycanarriveby9:00am,we_____ameeting.A.willhaveB.haveC.hadD.wouldhaveBA注意：①短暂性动词的现在进行时表将来。常用词有come,go,arrive,leave等。例如：Thebusiscoming.HeisleavingforShanghaitomorrow.②在when,until,if,assoonas,before,after,unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，从句要用一般现在时表将来。例如：IwillcometoseeyouifIhavetimethisSunday.Youwon‘tpasstheexamunlessyoustudyharder.

6考点6现在完成时

7用法表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。标志词for,since,ever,never,just,before,already,yet,inthepast/last…years,sofar,twice肯定式主＋have/has＋动词的过去分词Ihavefinishedmyhomework.训练6（）1.He_____hishomeworkandnowislisteningtomusic.

A.finishedB.finishesC.hasfinishedD.finish()2.TheGreens______Chinaforfiveyears.

A.hasbeeninB.havegonetoC.hasgonetoD.havebeeninCD注意：①for,sincefor＋一段时间。例如：Ihaveworkedhereforayear.since＋时间点/句子。例如：Ihaveworkedheresinceayearago/since2009.IhaveworkedheresinceIcameherelastyear.Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since＋句子(一般过去时)。例如：It'sbeenayearsinceIworkedhere.8since+时间段+ago=for+时间段②already,yetalready已经(用于肯定句，放句中)。例如：Ihavealreadyreadthebook.yet还(用于否定句和疑问句，放句尾)。例如：Ihaven'treadthebookyet.

9③have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeento曾经去过某地(已返回)have/hasgoneto去了某地(还没回)have/hasbeenin＋一段时间去或来到……(一直待在那儿)，例如：—HaveyoubeentoBeijing?—Ihavebeentheretwice.—WhereisJim?—Hehasgonetothelibrary.MyunclehasbeeninShanghaiforaweek.

10④非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语(for,since,howlong)连用。有些动词如come,go,arrive,leave,borrow,die,buy,join,begin,start,end等，它们不能和表示一段时间的状语连用在现在完成时态中。可以通过三种方法：第一改用一般过去时。第二改变动词，把这些短暂性动词改变成相对应的延续性动词，与表示一段时间的状语连用在现在完成时态中。第三改用句型“Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since＋句子(一般过去时)”来表示。

11短暂性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：come/go/arrive—be(in)

leave—beawayfrom

borrow—keepdie—bedead

buy—havejoin—bea…/bein…

open—beopenbegin/start—beon

end/finish—beover

close—beclosed

12例如：a.电影已经开始十分钟了。Thefilmbegantenminutesago.＝Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.b．这只狗死了两天了。Thedogdiedtwodaysago.＝Thedoghasbeendeadfortwodays.c．这辆自行车他买了三年了。Heboughtthebikethreeyearsago.＝Hehashadthebikeforthreeyears.

13互动一例题一例题二DD(

)1.—WhenwillABiteofChinaIIbegintonight?—It________fortenminutes.A．willbeginB．hasbegunC．willbeonD．hasbeenon

(

)2.I________myhometownforalongtime.Ireallymissit.

A．leftB．wentawayfromC．haveleftD．havebeenawayfrom考点7过去完成时

7用法表示在过去某个动作或某个具体的时间之前已将发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。标志词bythetime,bytheendof+过去时间，threeyearsbefore,when/before+一段过去的从句等肯定式主＋had＋动词的过去分词Ihadhadthreecakeswhenyouarrived.训练7(

)1.Shesaidshe___thenewbossalready.A.hasseenB.sawC.willseeD.hadseen()2.Bytheendoflastweek,they____thebridge.A.hascompletedB.completedC.hadcompletedD.willcompleteDC中考示例()1.(2016.南充)Bequiet!Thebaby_______.A.sleepsB.sleptC.aresleepingD.issleeping()2.(2016.南充)---Howlong_____yourbrother______thiscamera?----Fortwoweeks.A.have;bought