英语考研知识

第1课如果想达到85分以上，词汇应该错6个以内。

Jumpforthesun,atleastyoulandonthemoon.目标定的高一点有好处。4200单词要求对于

4级考试，高三毕业是1800个单词。我喜欢这里：Ilikehere.Right:Ilikeithere.Ican

succeed.Right:Icandoit.Icanmakeit.注意生活中的英语：Nike胜利女神。Justdoit.生

活中的英语:Didyouhaveapleasantjourney?（这时要用降调）Iamverymuchfrightened

becauseagirlnamedMonikastandsbesideme.Oh,thankgod!He'snotthepresidentnow.（我很

害怕）1wasjustscrewedup.（我一团糟）四级考试中常见的考察词汇的题型：I押韵题型（押

头韵、押尾韵）；答案总在相似中，如果有三个一样，基本上就在其中了。54.Therainwas

heavyand_A_thelandwasflooded.AconsequentlyBcontinuouslyCconstantlyDconsistently

continuev.继续，连续；continuallyadv.时断时续地；continuouslyadv.连续不断地。说

不停的咳嗽时，continually是间歇的时断时续的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。

consequentlyadv.因此,所以；（heavyrain大雨，lightrain小雨）constantlyadv.始终如一地,

连续发生地；constanttemperature恒温consistentlyadv.一贯地，一^地；consistentadj.

consistentpolicy——贯的政策。36.1hatepeoplewho_C_theendofafilmthatyouhaven'tseen

before.AreviseBrewriteCrevealDreverserewritev.重写，改写；revisevt.修改，修正；

revealvt.揭示，揭露；reversevt.颠倒，使反转，使反向。（vers是词根，表示转动；re是

前缀，表示向相反方向）42.Therewerenotickets_D_forFriday'sperformance.ApreferableB

considerableCpossibleDavailableperformancen.表演，演出，演奏；performvt.possibleadj.

可能的动词后加able构成形容词通常表示"可...的"read->readableaccept->acceptable

considervt.考虑；considerableadj.（数量或尺寸）相当大（或多）的。preferableadj.更好的，

更可取的；available*adj.可获得的，可利用的，可支配的。（重点词）33.Ingeneral,theamount

thatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal_D_forlivingexpenses.A

acceptableBapplicableCadvisableDavailablelivingexpenses生活费；acceptableadj.可接

受的；applyvt.申请，应用；applicableadj.可应用的，适当的，合适的；advisevt.建

议；advicen.建议；advisableadj.明智的，可取的。54.Itisour_A_policythatwewill

achieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.AconsistentBcontinuousCconsiderateDcontinual

achieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans通过和平手段取得统一；consistentpolicy一贯政策II

构词法题型（词的转化，合成，派生）；构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。（见下

面2个例题）31.Despitethewonderfulactingandwell-developedplotthe_B_moviecouldnot

holdourattention.Athree-hoursBthree-hourCthree-hours9Dthree-hour's267.ProfessorWhite

wrotea_C_reportyesterday.Atwo-thousand-wordsBtwo-thousands-wordCtwo-thousand-word

Dtwo-thousands-words以ly结尾的不全是副词；friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,livelyadj.考

试中常见的否定前缀：un・、dis-、in・、im56._B_hissister,Jackisquietanddoesnoteasilymake

friendswithothers.ADislikeBUnlikeCAlikeDLikinglikevt.喜欢；dislikevt.不喜欢，厌

恶；unlikeprep.不象…;alikeadj.&adv.同样的（地）,相象的（地）;likingn.爱好，嗜好;

takealikingfor喜欢…，对…产生好感。III近义词含义比较；44.Thereweresome_A_

flowersonthetable.AartificialBunnaturalCfalseDunrealunrealadj.不真实的（不是真实世

界所拥有的，虚幻的）；Endsjustifymeans不择手段；falseadj.具有欺骗性的，假的，伪

造的；falsecoin/passport/hair,afalsetooth/falseteethunnaturaladj.不自然的，经常用来修

饰人的行为举止，表示做作的，矫揉造作的。artificialadj.人造人为的artificialleg假肢

artificialleather人造皮genuineleather真皮54.Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis_C_

whichisoftenworsethanlackofwages.AlazinessBpovertyCidlenessDinabilitylazinessn.

懒惰；povertyn.贫穷；pooradj.贫穷的；idlenessn.无事可做（中性，有时也有贬义含

义）；inabilityn.没有能力，没有办法。69.Alotofantsarealwaysinvadingmykitchen.They

areathorough_A_.AnuisanceBtroubleCworryDanxietyinvade进攻，侵略；nuisancen.（具

体的）令人讨厌的东西；troublen.烦恼，麻烦，问题；worryn.担心，发愁；anxietyn.焦

虑。Whatanuisance.真是烦。IV搭配关系问题；extentn.程度；to...extent到达…程

度，在…程度之上；extent只能和to搭配。objectvi.反对；object+to+动名词（动词

的ing形式）。objectionn.反对；objection+to+动名词（动词的ing形式）。V形

相近，意相远；65.InBritain,thebestseasonoftheyearisprobably_A_spring.AlateBlastC

latterDlaterlateadj.晚的,晚于通常时间的;latespring晚春、暮春;lastadj.最后的,

最终的；lateradj.更晚的（late的比较级）、时间概念后一半的；只适用于表示某个世纪

的后半期；Thelatertwentiethcentury.二十世纪的后一■半。latteradj.（两者中）后者的；

formeradj.（两者中）前者的；59.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincethey

expecttopickupwonderful_B_inthemarket.AbatteriesBbargainsCbasketsDbarrelsbattery

n.电池；bargainn.特价商品；Ifreallyabargain.你真会买东西,s不是说真便宜。basket

n.篮子；barreln.桶；wonderfulbargain物美价廉的商品；bargainv.讨价还价；53.

Rememberthatcustomersdon't_D_aboutpricesinthatcity.AdebateBconsultCdisputeD

bargain--------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------41.Thebridgewasnamed_A_the

herowhogavehislifeforthecauseofthepeople.AafterBwithCbyDfromcause事业；be

namedafter以…的名字命名；42.Therewerenotickets_D_forFriday'sperformance.A

preferableBconsiderableCpossibleDavailablepreferableadj.更好的，更可取的；358._C_

theRevolutionaryWar,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.AInferiortoBSuperiortoC

PriortoDPreferableto具有比较意味的形容词只要与介词to搭配即可表示其比较级。

super-表示在__t方，超过…inferioradj.低于...的,劣于…的；superioradj.高于…的，

优于...的；prioradj.在...之前的RevolutionaryWar特指美国独立战争；secondadj.第二

的（含有比较意味，也与to搭配）Heissecondtonone.首屈•指，无与伦比；30.Cancer

issecondonly_B_heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.AofBtoCwithDfrom43.Itwasn'tsucha

gooddinner_C_shehadpromisedus.AthatBwhichCasDwhatsuch...that...如此…以至

于…；sb+be+___+sth空格处应为能加双宾语的动词；加双宾语的动词的用法：动词

+sb+sth（主动形式）sb+be+pp+sth（被动形式）；；59.Americanwomenwere_D_

therighttovoteuntil1920aftermanyyearsofhardstruggle,［therighttovote选举权］Aignored

BneglectedCrefusedDdenieddenyv.否认，拒绝；denysbsth拒绝给予某人某物；44.They

decidedtochasethecowaway_C_itdidmoredamage.AunlessBuntilCbeforeDalthough45.

_B_studentwithalittlecommonsenseshouldbeabletoanswerthequestion.AEachBAnyC

EitherDOnecommonsense常识；each这个词在英语中强调的是个体与众不同的特点；

any这个词强调的是很多东西在一起的共性；either两者之间任何一个；31.Themedicine

isonsaleeverywhere.Youcangetitat_C_chemist's.AeachBsomeCanyDcertain46.All_D_

isacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.AwhatisneededBforourneedsCthething

neededDthatisneeded当all作定语从句的先行词时，从句只能用that来引导;allthat=

what47._A_withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.A

WhencomparedBCompareCWhilecomparingDComparing本题的关键是弄清compare

mountain的关系；when可以直接加过去分词；before（after）+being+过去分词；44.After

_A_forthejob,youwillberequiredtotakealanguagetest.AbeinginterviewedBinterviewedC

interviewingDhavinginterviewedTheylosetheirhealthtomakemoney,andtheylosetheir

moneytorestorehealth.48._C_shefirstheardofthemanreferredtoasaspecialist.［专家］A

ThatwasfromStephenBItwasStephenwhomCItwasfromStephenthatDItwasStephenthat

本题重点是强调句式；当被强调部分指人且在句子中作宾语时，其余部分可用whom引

导；49.Iftheseshoesaretoobig,asktheclerktobringyouasmaller_D_.AsuitBsetConeD

pair50.Manynew_A_willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation.A

opportunitiesBnecessitiesCrealitiesDprobabilities51.Hemusthavehadanaccident,orhe_A_

then.AwouldhavebeenhereBhadtobehereCshouldbehereDwouldbeheremusthave+过

去分词表示对过去行为的肯定推测；与过去事态相反用：情态动词+have+过去分词来

体现虚拟语气；must一定，必须；needn't,don'thaveto不必；53.You_A_allthose

calculations!Wehaveacomputertodothatsortofthing.Aneedn'thavedoneBmustnothave

doneCshouldn'thavedoneDcannothavedoneshouldhave+过去分词本应该，本应当；

shouldn'thavedone本不应该，本不应当；44.Itwasverykindofyoutodothewashing-up,but

you_D_it.Amustn,thavedoneBwouldn'thavedoneCmightn,thavedoneDdidn'thavetodo

52.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationsforms_C_backbeforethedeadline.AmustbesentB

wouldbesentCbesentDweresentItbeessentialthat后面一定用虚拟语气，且句子谓语动词

固定为（should）+动词原型；Itwasessentialthattheapplicationsformssendbackbeforethe

deadline.53.We_D_ourbreakfastwhenanoldmancametothedoor.AjusthavehadBhavejust

hadCjusthadDhadjusthadwhen还可以表示①刚..就…（有动作先后关系）、②恰在此

时；44.Ihadjuststartedbackforthehousetochangemyclothes_D_Iheardvoices.AasB

whileCafterDwhen45.Ifeltsomewhatdisappointedandwasabouttoleave,_C_something

occurredwhichattractedmyattention.AunlessBuntilCwhenDwhile64.Itwasessentialthat

theseapplicationforms_D_backasearlyaspossible.AmustbesentBwillbesentCaresentD

besent第2课非谓语动词与独立主格：短语，句子（或者句子，短语）1.当短语部分有

独立主语，并且该主语不同于句子主语，这时短语结构称为独立主格。（它最明显的特点

是短语部分有独立的主语）。独立主格的结构1：名词（代词）+分词［现在分词、过去

分词］现在分词表示主动的，正在进行的行为；过去分词表示被动的，已经完成的行为。作

题时要通过判断动作与名词（代词）之间的关系来确定是使用现在分词还是过去分词。当

动作由名词（代词）发出时使用现在分词，而名词（代词）是受动者时则用过去分词。54.

Silveristhebestconductorofelectricity,copper_B_itclosely.AfollowedBfollowingCto

followDbeingfollowed49.Allthings_A_,theplannedtripwillhavetobecalledoff.A

consideredBbeconsideredCconsideringDhavingconsideredcalloff取消；cancelvt.取消；

四级中的考点就是现在分词和过去分词的区别。独立主格的结构2：with+名词（代词）

+分词［句子当中作状语］36.AftertheArabstateswonindependence,greatemphasiswaslaid

onexpandingeducation,withgirlsaswellasboys_C_togotoschool.AtobeencouragedBbeen

encouragedCbeingencouragedDbeencouragedaswellas和（相当于and）beencouraged不

会考。；动词不定式有预示将来行为的含义°tobeencouraged将要被鼓励；been

encouraged已经被鼓励完了，叮主句的谓语动词相对；beingencouraged正在被鼓励2.短语

部分没有独立主语•，则短语结构称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词的结构：分词（分词短语）句

子的主语决定非谓语动词中的分词是用主动还是被动形式。如果是句子的主语发出动作，则

使用现在分词；如果动作不是由句子的主语发出，则使用过去分词。43.Nomatterhow

frequently_A_,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.AperformedBperforming

CtobeperformedDbeingperformedperformvt.表演，演出，演奏；tobeperformed将要被

演奏；beingperformed正在被演奏；一些特殊的动词：第一点：forget忘记；［反义］

remember记得；这两个词后加动词不定式表示将要进行的行为；这两个词后加动词ing

形式表示已经做过的事情。注意：动名词与现在分词形式一样，但含义不同。这两个词后

加动词ing形式都是动名词。forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事；forgetdoingsth.忘记做

过某事；remembertodosth.记得要去做某事；rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事；62.1

remember_B_tohelpusifweevergotintotrouble.AonceofferingBhimonceofferingChimto

offerDtoofferhimoffervt.提出,提供：offersb.sth./offertodosth.himonceoffering如果

改成hisonceoffering也正确。动名词的复合结构：凡是一个动词的后面可以加动名词，

就可以加动名词的复合结构。动作发出者+动名词；当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所

有格+动名词；当动名词的复合结构在文章中出现，且动作发出者在前文中提过时：形

容词物主代词（宾格）+动名词。形容词物主代词：his,her,my,your,their,our（,代词宾格：

him,her,me,you,us,themo第二点：want想要；wanttodosth.想做某事；wantdoing客

观需要或缺乏。48.Yourhairwants_B_.You'dbetterhaveitdonetomorrow.AcutBcuttingC

tocutDbeingcut注意：wantdoing中doing表示的是被动含义。18.Thisroomissodirty

thatitwants_A_.AcleaningBtocleanCbeingcleanedDcleaned第三点：mean意味；mean

todosth.打算做某事，意欲…；meandoing意味着，…的意思是...25.There'samanatthe

receptiondeskwhoseemsveryangryandIthinkhemeans_B_trouble,[receptiondesk接待台]

AmakingBtomakeCtohavemadeDhavingmade

--------------------------XXXX-XX-------------------------55.Thechildrenwenttheretowatchtheiron

tower_D_.AtoerectBbeerectedCerectingDbeingerectedwatch看电视用，看比赛用；see

看电影用；感官动词watch,see,hear；感官动词+名词（代词）+dobeerected强调的

是动作的结果；beingerected强调的是动作的过程。56.Theengine_D_smokeandsteam.A

givesupBgivesinCgivesawayDgivesoffgiveup放弃；givein屈月艮，让步；giveoff#

放，放出（烟和气体）；giveaway泄露，走漏风声；婚礼中新郎的父亲把新娘的手交给

新郎的过程；赠送礼品。57.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_C_ofhowourbusinesswas

goingon.AtobeinformedBoninformingCinformedDinformingkeepsb.+分词；informv.

通知，告知；informsb.ofsth.通知某人某件事情keepmeinformed使我被告知。60.The

goals_B_hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.AafterwhichBforwhich

CwithwhichDatwhichfightwithsb.（注意要看整个句子）fightwith+工具用该工具来

打仗。fightfor为…而；战。Ifightwithhim.我和他打起来了。Ifightwithhimagainst

her.我和他并肩对付她。61.Ishouldliketorentahouse,modern,comfortableand_B_ina

quietneighborhood.AallinallBaboveallCafterallDoverallallinall总而言之;aboveall首

先，尤其是；afterall毕竟，终究；overall全面的，总体的inaword总之，inshort简而

言之，inconclusion最后，总、之,tosumup总之，总而言之。62._B_wehavefinishedthe

course,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.AFornowBNowthatCEversinceDBynow

nowthat既然，由于（相当于since）eversince自从…以来。；与that搭配且后面可以

加句子的几个表达形式：nowthat既然，由于；inthat因为；exceptthat除…之外。except

后面加名词或代词；exceptthat后面加句子。63.Whatyouhavedoneis_D_thedoctor's

orders.AattachedtoBresponsibletoCresistanttoDcontrarytobeattachedto连接，附属；

ThisschoolisattachedtoBeida.这所学校附属于北大。responsibleto对…负有责任;

resistantadj.反抗的，抵抗的；waterresistant防水的。becontraryto与..相反（相违背）。

64.Johnregretted_A_tothemeetinglastweek.AnotgoingBnottogoCnothavingbeengoing

Dnottobegoingregretdoing后悔做过某事；regrettodosth.遗憾的做某事（应用语境非常

有限）o63.Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare_B_.AoutofworkBout

ofstockCoutofreachDoutofpracticeoutofwork失业；outofreach够不着withinreach

够得着；outofpractice缺乏练习。65.They_C_inspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.

AcarriedoutBcarriedoffCcarriedonDcarriedforwardinspiteof尽管；carryon坚持，继

续。66.Mrs.Brownissupposed_A_forItalylastweek.AtohaveleftBtobeleavingCtoleave

Dtohavebeenleftbesupposedtodosth.应该（理应）做某事。37.He'swatchingTV?He's_D_

tobecleaninghisroom.AknownBconsideredCregardedDsupposedregardas把...认作67.

Mycameracanbe_B_totakepicturesincloudyorsunnyconditions.AtreatedBadjustedC

adoptedDremediedtreat对待，处理；I'lltreatyou,我请客，应用于真正请客之前。It'sonme.

应用于结帐时。adjustvt.调整，调节；adoptvt.收养，领养；remedyvt.弥补，补救，

修正；68.Anewtechnique_C_,theyieldsasawholeincreasedby20percent.AworkingoutB

havingworkedoutChavingbeenworkedoutDtohavebeenwordedoutyields产量；workout

作出，推出关于百分数之前介词的用法increaseto80percent增加到80%（增加到用to）

increaseby60percent增力口了60%（表示增加的幅度用by）55.Between1974and1997,the

numberofoverseasvisitorsexpanded_A_27%.AbyBforCtoDin69.Childrenwhoare

over-protectedbytheirparentsmaybecome_C_.AhurtBdamagedCspoiledDharmedspoilvt.

宠坏，溺爱70.WhenMr.Jonesgetsold,hewill_B_overhisbusinesstohisson.AtakeBhand

CthinkDgettakeover接管接收；handover移交，交出；thinkover仔细考虑；getover

克月艮，战胜o--------------------------1991-06------------------------41.Wehadapartylastmonth,and

itwasalotoffun,solet'shave_A_onethismonth.AanotherBmoreCtheotherDother不定

代词：1两者中的一个用one；另一个则用theother；2很多东西中的一个用one；剩下

的所有叫theothers；3很多东西中的一个用one；剩下的所有里面再拿一个叫another；

在剩下的里面再拿•个还叫another（单数概念）4很多东西中拿了若干出来用some；；

剩下所有叫others；other后通常要加可数名词的复数形式；more要用在数词的后面once

more再来一个（用于很不正式的场合）vravo再来一个（用于正式场合）44.Noagreement

wasreachedinthediscussionasneithersidewouldgivewayto_A_.AtheotherBanyotherC

anotherDotherneither两者中任意一者都不42.Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather_B_tothe

newswouldbe.AimpressionBreactionCcommentDopinionreactionn.反应；reactionto

对...作出反应。43.1decidedtogotothelibraryassoonasI_D_.AfinishwhatIdidBfinished

whatIdidCwouldfinishwhatIwasdoingDfinishedwhatIwasdoingassoonas所引导的时

间状语从句与主句的时态搭配有•种情况是主从句都用•般过去时。45.Weareinterested

intheweatherbecauseit_B_ussodirectlywhatwewear,whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.A

benefitsBaffectsCguidesDeffectsaffectvt.影响；effectn.影响。46.Willallthose_D_the

proposalraisetheirhands?AinrelationtoBincontrasttoCinexcessofDinfavorofinrelation

to与…相比；incontrastto与…形成对照；inexcessof超过，超出（一定的限定范围）in

favorof赞同，支持。；47.Childrenareverycurious_D_.AatheartBinpersonConpurpose

Dbynatureatheart在心理，在内心；heart强调的是内心的感情，mind强调的是思维，头

脑，soul灵魂inperson亲自，本人；onpurpose有意的，故意的；bynature生性（天

性）使然。48.Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers_A_amatchwithouta

standardcourt.AobjectedtohavingBwereobjectedtohaveCobjectedtohaveDwereobjected

tohaving58.Themaninthecomerconfessedto_B_alietothemanagerofthecompany.Ahave

toldBhavingtoldCbeingtoldDbetoldconfessv.忏悔;confessto承认，坦白。49.The

teacherdoesn'tpermit_C_inclass.AsmokeBtosmokeCsmokingDtohaveasmokepermitv.

允许，准许；permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事；permitdoing允许做某事。

--------------------------2000-06-------------------------21.Aswecannolongerwaitforthedeliveryof

ourorder,wehaveto_D_it.ApostponeBrefuseCdelayDcancel22.Thesebooks,whichyou

cangetatanybookshop,willgiveyou_A_youneed.AalltheinformationBalltheinformations

CallofinformationDalloftheinformations23.Notuntilthegamehadbegun_C_atthesports

ground.AhadhearrivedBwouldhehavearrivedCdidhearriveDshouldhehavearrived24.

Youngpeoplearenot_B_tostandandlookatworksofart;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.

〔参与，参力口］AconservativeBcontentCconfidentDgenerousconservativeadj.保守的；

conservativeparty保守党；contentadj.甘愿的，满足的；confidentadj.自信的，有信心的；

generousadj.慷慨的，大方的。25.MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairly

criticizedandarguethatthepowerofthemediumis_C_.AgrantedBimpliedCexaggeratedD

remediedmaintain坚持认为；mediumn.媒体单数，median.媒体复数；grantvt.授予，

给予；implyvt.隐含，暗示；exaggeratev.夸大，夸张，高估；remedyvt.弥补，补救，

修正。26.Thesesurveysindicatethatmanycrimesgo_A_bythepolice,mainlybecausenotall

victimsreportthem,［victims受害人］AunrecordedBtobeunrecordedCunrecordingDtohave

beenunrecorded27.1havenoobjection_B_yourstoryagain,［objectto+动名词］AtohearBto

hearingCtohavingheardDtohaveheard28.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis_B_or

socialposition.AcuriosityBstatusCdeterminationDsignificancestatusn.身份，土也位；

significancen.意义，重要性；29.Bylaw,whenonemakesalargepurchase,heshouldhave_D_

opportunitytochangehismind.AaccurateBurgentCexcessiveDadequateaccurateadj.精确

的；urgentadj.紧急的，紧迫的；excessiveadj.过多的，过度的；adequateadj.充足的，

足够的。30.Youwillseethisproduct_B_whereveryougo.AtobeadvertisedBadvertisedC

advertiseDadvertising31.Theearlypioneershadto_C_manyhardshipstosettleonthenew

land.AgoalongwithBgobackonCgothroughDgointogothrough经历32.Thesuggestion

thatthemajor_B_theprizeswasacceptedbyeveryone.AwouldpresentBpresentCpresentsD

oughttopresentsuggestion,suggest所引导的句子都用虚拟语气。should+（动词原形）34.

Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggested_B_atthenexttown.AtostopBstoppingCstop

Dhavingstoppedsuggest+doing也可以33.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmale

drinkers,_A_overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.AwhoseBwhichC

thatDwhatwhose指代的就是他前面的maledrinkers.35.1didn*tknowtheword.Ihadto_C_

adictionary.AlookoutBmakeoutCrefertoDgooverlookup查阅；lookupawordina

dictionary在字典中查单词；referencen.参考书目；referenceroom资料室；36.The

professorcouldhardlyfindsufficientgrounds_D_hisargumentsinfavourofthenewtheory,

［sufficient充足的,足够的；grounds论据；arguments论点］AtobebasedonBtobaseonC

whichtobaseonDonwhichtobasebasevt.以…作基础,基于…which引导从句时，如果从

句是介词结尾则介词应在which之前。onwhich（heis）tobase37.Therearesigns_A_

restaurantsarebecomingmorepopularwithfamilies.AthatBwhichCinwhichDwhosesignn.

迹象；factn.事实；evidencen.证据；后面常加同位语从句来说明具体内容。同位语从

句用that（不能省略）弓I导。38.IthinkIwasatschool,_A_Iwasstayingwithafriendduring

thevacationwhenIheardthenews,［orelse否则，要不然］AorelseBandthenCorsoDeven

so39.Itissaidthatthemathteacherseems_A_towardsbrightstudents.ApartialBbeneficialC

preferableDliablepartialadj.偏袒的，偏爱的（经常与to或towards搭配）40.Inorderto

showhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook_C_troubleoverthefigures,［figures数目，

数据；extra额外的，附加的］AextensiveBspareCextraDsupreme41.・"MayIspeaktoyour

managerMr.Williamsatfiveo'clocktonight?1'-"Tmsorry.Mr.Williams_A_toaconference

longbeforethen."AwillhavegoneBhadgoneCwouldhavegoneDhasgone当要表达将来的

行为在将来的某时间之前完成用将来完成时，将来完成时结构：willhave+p.p.42.You_D_

himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.Ashouldn'tfollowBmustn'tfollowC

couldn't*havebeenfollowingDshouldn'thavebeenfollowingshouldhave+p.p.本应该；

shouldn'thave+p.p.本不应该43.Thegrowthofpart-timeandflexibleworkingpatterns,and

oftrainingandretrainingschemes,_D_morewomentotakeadvantageofemployment

opportunities.AhaveallowedBallowCallowingDallowspart-time兼职；full-time全职；

flexibleworkingpatterns弹性工作制；training培训；retraining再培训；takeadvantage利

用；44.Everybody_A_inthehallwheretheywerewelcomedbythesecretary.AassembledB

accumulatedCpiledDjoinedassembled聚集；secretary书记。45.Puttinginanewwindow

will_B_cuttingawaypartoftheroof.AincludeBinvolveCcontainDcompriseinvolve弓I起，

与...直接有关46.Livinginthewesternpartofthecountryhasitsproblems,_C_obtainingfresh

waterisnottheleast,［theleast最高级］AwithwhichBforwhichCofwhichDwhich42.

LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,_C_obtainingwaterisnottheleast,［the

least最高级］AforwhichBtowhichCofwhichDinwhich47.Inthe_C_oftheprojectnot

beingasuccess,theinvestorsstandtoloseupto$30million,［intheeventof万一，如果］Aface

BtimeCeventDcourseinthefaceof面对;inthetimeof在…时期；inthecourseof在…

期间。48.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter_D_inthesameoffice.AhadnotworkedB

nottoworkCdoesnotworkDdidnotworkwouldrather+动词原形；wouldrather+句子（用

虚拟语气，句子谓语动词用一般过去时）49._D_,hedoesgelannoyedwithhersometimes.A

AlthoughmuchhelikesherBMuchalthoughhelikesherCAshelikeshermuchDMuchashe

likesher如果用although引导则应改成：Althoughhelikesherverymuch,...50.TheBritish

constitutionis_B_alargeextentaproductofthehistoricaleventsdescribedabove.［无论是在空

格前还是后，如果出现了名词extent要找介词就着tojAwithinBtoCbyDattoalarge

extent在很大程度上。第3课倒装：倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装。谓语部分所有单词都

放在主语前是全部倒装。谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装。谓语中的一部分通常

是指：1、系动词；2、助动词；3、情态动词。全部倒装的五条原则：1.Therebe句型（表

示有）；2.以There或now开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为come或go；Thereyougo

again.你乂去那里了。3.以Here开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为系动词be；Hereyouare.

拿去。4.以副词out,in,up,down,away开头的句子；在2、3、4前提下，如果句子的

主语是代词则用陈述句语序。5.以状语（常见的是地点状语）开头的句子。部分倒装的

六条原则：1.so放在句首时表示承前肯定，这个句子用部分倒装；nor,neilher放在句首

时表示承前否定，句子也用部分倒装；2.省略了引导词if的虚拟条件从句，可以把从句

中的had,should,could,were中的任何一个提到从句最前面的位置，构成部分倒装；3.as,

though表示“尽管”时引导从句，从句中的表语可以置于引导词之前构成部分倒装；系动词

后面的部分就是表语，形容词、名词、名词性短语可以置于系动词之后。例如:Sheisbeautiful.

Theyarestudents.四级考试中出现的是由动词的过去分词转变的形容词作表语的形式。26.

_B_asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.ABeingpublishedBPublishedC

PublishingDTobepublished当题干是as引导一个从句，且as前为一个空格时他表示的就

是尽管，空格处要填的就是表语。beingpublished正在被出版；tobepublished将要被出

版。此句恢复正常语序应为：Asitwaspublishedatsuchatime...4.表示否定含义的单词

或短语放在句首，句子用部分倒装；常见的一些表示否定含义的单词:never,little,few,hardly

（...when）,scarcely（...when）；seldom难得，不常；nowhere哪里都不。常见的•些表示

否定含义的短语：innoway决不；onnoaccount决不；undernocircumstances在任何情

况下都不。5.only+状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装；（如果0nly去掉就是全部倒装）

43.Onlyunderspecialcircumstances_C_totakemake-uptests.ApermittedarefreshmenB

freshmenarepermittedCarefreshmenpermittedDarepermittedfreshmenfreshmen新生；

make