英语专业八级必背词汇短语

theOutlookofScientific倡导公正、合理的新秩序观callfortheestablishmentofanewjustandequitable以互利为的新发展观newthinkingondevelopmentbasedonequalityandmutual推动树立以互信、互利、和协作为主要内容的新安全观fosteranewthinkingonsecurityfeaturingmutualtrust,mutualbenefit,equalityandcoordination主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观fosteranewthinkingoncivilizationthatrespects新能源观newthinkingonenergy旧译lettheancientservethepresent,lettheforeignservethenational 现译drawfrompastandforeignachievements文艺工作culturalandartwork;workinthecultural牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmlykeeptothedirectionofanadvancedculture/cultural文化与经济和政治互相交融inctionbetweenculturalwork,andeconomicandpoliticalactivitiesculturalelements/factorsinterminglewitheconomicandpoliticalfactors民族的科学的大众的文化asocialistculturethatisdistinctly ,pro-scienceandpeople-promotemainstreamvaluesandupholdcultural以科学的理论人，以正确的引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empowerpeoplewithscientifictheoriesguidethemwithcorrectopinionsconveytothemrightmessages/providethemwithcorrectmediaguidanceimbuethemwithanoblespiritandinspirethemwithexcellent/fineworks具有中国气派的文 -stylesocialistculture;socialistculture 越是民族的，越是世界的Theprideofanationisalsotheprideoftheworld.What'suniquefornationisalsopreciousfortheworld.Whenyouareunique,theworldcomesto文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。Cultureandartsshouldbe/keepclosetothepeopletheirlivesandreality.艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。Artnurturesthesoulandculturecultivatesthe文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。Cultureisthespiritualbondthatensuresthecontinuityofour 我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。Wemustneversevertheculturalveinofour树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观tofosteraright/correctoutlook/viewontheworldlifeand文化市场，文化贸易culturalmarketcultural始终把社会效益放在首位alwaysputsocialbenefit扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团supportmajor/top-notchculturalprojectsandarttroupesthatrepresentnationalcharacteristicsandnationallevelmovesteadilytowardprosperityand不断探索和回答什么是、怎样主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题constantlyseekanswerstomajortheoreticalandpracticalquestionssuchaswhatsocialismisandhowtobuildit,whatkindofpartywemustbuildandhowtobuildit,andwhatkindofdevelopment shouldachieveandhowtoachieveit党的基本理论、基本路线、基本、基本经验Party'sbasictheory,line,programand和主义大地上焕发出勃勃生机SocialismandMarxismhaveshownvigorandvitalityin catchupwiththetrendofthetimesinbig符合党心民心accordwith/echotheaspirationsofthePartymembersandthe尊重人民首创精神respectthepeople'sinitiative/pioneeringtoimprovetheeducationalandethicalstandardsofthewhole开辟了道路blazeatrailofsocialism characteristicsopenapath形成了theoreticalsystem 建设富强文明和谐的现代化国家make aprosperous,strong,democratic,culturallydevelopedandharmoniousmodernsocialistcountry实践永无止境Practiceknowsno勇于、勇于创新makeboldchangesandfearnorisksandneverbeconfusedbyany使道路越走越宽广broadenourpathofsocialism 让当代中国主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒LetthetruthofMarxismofcontemporary morebrilliantly.主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的aconcentratedexpressionoftheMarxistworldoutlookandmethodologywithregardtodevelopment同……一脉相承inthesameline立足初级阶段基本国情fullyrecognizethebasicrealitythat isintheprimarystageoftheextensivemodeofgrowth/inefficientmodelof攻坚furtherreformindifficult modatetheinterestsofallThefoundationofagricultureremains emoreindependent,selective,changeableanddiverseinthinking社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局thestructureofsocietythewaysocietyisorganizedandinterestsofdifferentsocialgroups/andthemixofsocialinterests发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在Pressurecausedbytheeconomicandscientificdominanceofdevelopedcountrieswillcontinueforalongtimetocome从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化experiencefar-reachingchangesintheproductive sandtherelationsofproduction,aswellasintheeconomicbaseandthesuperstructure人民日益增长的物质文化需要同的社会生产之间的这一社会主要society'sprincipalproblem/challengeisthegapbetweentheever-growingmaterialandculturalneedsofthepeopleandthelowlevelofsocialproduction当前我国发展的阶段性特征thesalientfeaturesofthecurrentstageofdevelopment妄自菲薄belittle自甘beresignedtounrealisticpursuitofquick共同建设、共同享有的原则theprincipleofallthepeoplebuildingaharmonious...andenjoyits着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题sparenoefforttosolvemostpracticalproblemsoftheutmostandimmediateconcerntothepeople形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面cultivate/fosteranenvironmentinwhichallpeopledotheirbest,arecontentwiththeirlives/enjoywhattheydoandlivetogetherinharmony提高决策的科学性，增强措施的协调性makedecision-makingmorescientificandmeasuresofreformbettercoordinated全面提高开放水平improvetheworkofopening-把改善人民生活作为正确处理发展稳定关系的结合点Weneedtoimprove...asweendeavorto全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质fullyappreciate/understandtheessenceoftheScientificOutlookonDevelopment把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来guidethewholesocietyinpursuingdevelopmentinascientificwayfollowthetrendandthelawofeconomicandsocial坚持经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本upholdthebasicprogramconsistingofthebasicobjectivesandpoliciesforeconomic,political,culturalandsocialprogressundersocialismwith 区域协调互动发展机制amechanismforpromotingbalancedandinctivedevelopmentamongdevelopmentpriority建设enhancelaw- ernment价值体系深入人心Coresocialistvaluesarewinningtheheartsandmindsofthe弘扬良好思想道德风尚promotemoral建设生态文明promoteaconservation生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立TofosterpublicawarenessofconservationRaiseethicalstandardsandhavehigher/lofty对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力bemoreopenandfriendlytotheoutside为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础Strengthenthefoundationforbuildingawell-offsocietyofahigherlevelinallrespectstothebenefitofoveronebillionpeople建设创新型国家 aninnovative国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要OutlineoftheNationalProgramforLongandMedium-TermScientificandTechnologicalDevelopment突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术makebreakthroughsinkeyvitalto 'seconomicandsocialdevelopment支持前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究supportresearchinfrontiertechnologyandintechnologyforpublicwelfare建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体establishamarket-orientedsystemfortechnologicalinnovation,inwhichenterprisesytheleadingroleandwhichcombinestheeffortsofenterprises,universitiesandresearchinstitutes引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚guideandsupportthepoolingoffactorsofinnovationinto科技成果theapplicationofscientificandtechnologicalachievementsin培养造就世界一流科学家和科技train/bringupworld-classscientistsandleadersinscientificandtechnologicalresearch使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现inspirecreativityandbringforthlargenumbersofinnovativepromoteIT-based具有国际竞争力的大企业internationallycompetitive英语专abideby(=befaithfulto;obey)；遵守beabsentfrom….absenceormind(=beingabsent-minded)absorb(=takeuptheattentionof)吸引…的注意力(语态):beabsorbedin全神贯注于…近:beengrossedinbelostinberaptinbeconcentratedon;befocusedonbecenteredon(be)abundantin(berichin;bewelldwith)富于,富access(to)不可数名词)能接近,进入,byaccident(=bychanceaccidentally)偶然地,意外Withoutaccident(=safely)安全地ofone’sownaccord(=withoutbeingasked;willingly;ly)自愿地,主动inaccordwith与…一 /outofone’saccordwith同….不一withoneaccordwitheverybodyagreeing)inaccordancewithinagreementwith)依照,onone’sown为了的缘故,为了自己的利(=atone’sownrisk)(=byoneself)onaccount赊账onaccountof因为onnoaccount不论什么原因也不;ofgivesbanaccountof说明,(理由accountfor(=giveanexnationorreasonfor)解释,说明onaccountofbecauseof)由于,因为onnoaccount(=innocasefornoreason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装accuse…of…(=charge…with;blamesb.forsth.;blamesth.onsb.;comin指控beaccustomedtobeinthehabitof,beusedto)习惯于beacquaintedwith(=tohaveknowledgeof)了解tohavemetsocially)acton奉行,按照…行动;actas扮演 actforadaptoneselfto(=adjustoneself adapt…(formakesthSuitableforanewneed)改编,改写(以适应新的需要inadditionbesides)此外,又,inadditionto(=aswellasbesidesotherthan)除…adhereto(=abideby,conformto,complywithclingto,insistonpersistinobserve,opinion,belief)粘附;坚持,遵循adjacent(=nextto,closeto)毗邻的,adjust..(to)changeslightly)调节;适应admitofbecapableofleaveroom inadvancebeforeintime)预告,事先toadvantage有利的,使优点更加突出地haveanadvantageover胜过havetheadvantageof由于…havetheadvantageofsb.知道所不知道的takeadvantageof(=makethebestof,utilizemakeuseof,profitfrom,harness)利agreewith赞同(意见)agreeto同inagreementwith)同意,aheadof在…之前,超过 aheadoftime提前intheair1)不肯定,不具体.2)在谣传中aboveallespecially,mostimportantof 尤其是,最重要的inallcountingeveryoneoreverythingaltogether)总共,afterall毕竟,到底notatall一点也不allatonce(=suddenly)突然onceandforall只此一次;aboveall最重要的firstofall首先;allinall大体上说;beallin累极了;allbut几乎.allowfortakeintoconsiderationtakeintoaccount)考虑到,估计到amounttotobeequalto)总计,等于answerforundertakeresponsibilityfor,beliablefor,takechargefor)对…负责answertoconformto)适合,符合beanxiousabout为…焦急不安;anxiousapologizetosbforsth.为…向…appealtosb.forsth.为某事向呼吁 appealtosb.对有applytosb.forsth.为…向…申 applyfor申请;applyto适用applyto与…有关;approveofconsentto,beinfavorof,favor,agreeto,considergoodright)赞成,approvevt.批准arisefrom(=becausedby)由…引起arrangeforsb./sthtodosth.安排…做arriveon到达arriveat到达某地(小地方);得出,作出;arrivein到达某地(大地方beashamedof(=feelshameguiltorsorrowbecauseofsthdone)以…assuresbofsthtrytocausetobelieveortrustinsth.)向…保证,使…确信attach(totofix,fastenjoin)缚,,makeanattemptatngsth.(todosth.)试图做attendtogiveone’sattentioncareandthought)注意,照顾;attendon(upon)(=waitupon,serve,lookafter)侍候,照料attitudeto/toward对…的态度.attribute…to…(=tobelievesthtobetheresultof…)把..归因于..,认为..是..ontheaverageonaverageonanaverage)(be)awareof(=beconsciousof,havingknowledgeorconsciousness),知道atthebackofbehind)在…inthebackof在…后部(里面onthebackof在…后部(外面beonone’sillinbed)卧病不起atone’sback(=supportingorfavoringsb.)支持,;havesb.atone’sback有…支持,有…作turnone’sbackonsb.(=turnawayfromsb.inanimpoliteway)不理睬(),背弃behindone’sback背着(说坏话bebasedonupononthebasisof根据…,在…beat…at在…beginwith以…开始tobeginwith(=firstofall)首先,第一(经常用于开始语onbehalfofastherepresentativeof)以…believein(=havefaithortrustinconsidersth./sbtobetrue)相信,依赖,信仰benefitfrom)受益,得到好处forthebenefitof为了…的利益(好处forthebettergetthebetterofdefeatsb.)打败,胜过bybirth在出生上,论出身,atbirth在出生时;givebirthtoblamesb.forsth.因…责备 blamesth.onsb.把…推在身inblossom开花(指树木beinblossom开花(强调状态comeintoblossom开花(强调onboard到船上,在船上,boastof(orabout)outofbreath喘不inbrief(=inasfewwordsaspossible)inbulk成批地,taketheflooronbusiness出差办事bebusywithsth.于某事。bebusyngsth.忙于做某lastbutone倒数第二butforwithout)要不是.buysth.for…money用becapableof能够,becapableofbeing过去分词:是能够被…inanycase(=forloveormoney,atanyrateatanypriceatanycostwhateverhappens;anyhow)无论如何incaseforfearthat)万一incaseofintheeventof)如果发生…万一inthecaseof至于…,就…而言innocase在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句becautiousofcenterone’sattentionon(=focusone’sattentionon)把的注意力集中在…becertainofbesureof)有把握,一定forcertainof(=forsure肯定地,有把握地人文知ATaleofTwoCitieswaswrittenbyCharlesPhonology:Thestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitrules erningpronunciation.音位学;在语言或一门语言中，对有关其分类和模式以及为大家所默认的发音规则的研究音韵学,音系Syntax:Thestudyoftheruleswherebywordsorotherelementsofsentencestructurearecombinedtoformgrticalsentences.句法，研究词或其它句子成分如何形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科SemanticsThestudyorscienceofmeaninginlanguageforms.语义学，以语言形式acronym:首字母组合词，首字母缩略词，比如，NATOUNESCOBASIC,它们可以连VOA是Initialism。Metonymy:Afigureofspeechinwhichonewordorphraseissubstitutedforanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated,asintheuseofWashingtonfortheUnitedStatesernmentoroftheswordformilitarypower.换喻或转喻，一种,一个词或词组被另一Si:Afigureofspeechinwhichtwoessentiallyunlikethingsarecompared,ofteninaphraseintroducedbylikeoras,asinHowlikethewinterhathmyabsencebeenorSoareyoutomythoughtsasfoodtolifeShakespeare).明喻,一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较，通常在由like或as引导的短语中，如“我的离开好象是冬Metaphor:Afigureofspeechinwhichawordorphrasethatordinarilydesignatesonethingisusedtodesignateanother,thusmakinganimplicitcomparison,asinaseaoftroublesorAlltheworld'sastage(Shakespeare)隐喻一种语言表达手法，通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物，从而暗示它们之间的相似之处，如“忧愁之海”或“整个世界一台戏”(比亚)theshipofdesert沙漠之舟Oxymoron:Arhetoricalfigureinwhichincongruousorcontradictorytermsarecombined,asinadeafeningsilenceandamournfuloptimist.修饰法,一种把互相矛cruelkindnessTheaffectionnamegiventotheclocktoweroftheHousesofParliament,WestminsterisBigBen.JohnMiltonthepoetwroteofAdamandEve’sexpulsionfromtheGardenofEdenParadiseLost.ParadiseRegainedwasalsowrittenbySonnet:A14-lineverseformusuallyhavingoneofseveralconventionalrhymeschemes.十四行诗体,一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式，通常有一种传统的押韵形式,Slang:Akindoflanguageoccurringchieflyincasualandyfulspeech,madeuptypicallyofshort-livedcoinagesandfiguresofspeechthataredelibera yusedin ofstandardtermsforaddedracinesshumor,irreverenceorothereffect.俚语主要出现CatchPhrase:Aphraseinwideorpopularuse,especiallyoneservingasasloganforagroupormovement.警句，妙句，吸引人的词句广泛使用的或流行的用语，尤指用作或运动的的用语。JargonThespecializedortechnicallanguageofatradeprofessionorsimilargroup.行话,一个行业、职业或类似的团体中使用的专业的或技术的语言.titude:Atriteorbremarkorstatement,especiallyoneexpressedasifitwereoriginalorsignificant.陈腔滥调,陈腐的或平庸的评论或陈述，尤指表述它时好象它Hyperbole:Afigureofspeechinwhichexaggerationisusedforemphasisoreffect,asinIcouldsleepforayearorThisbookweighsaton.夸张法,一种比喻，使用夸张来onomatopoeiaTheformationoruseofwordssuchasbuzzormurmurthatimitatethesoundsassociatedwiththeobjectsoractionstheyreferto.象声词,词的构成或用法，例如buzz或nurmur模仿事物或行动.hypotaxis:parataxis:IcameIsawITranscendentalism:Aliryandphilosophicalmovement,associatedwithRalphWaldoEmersonandMargaretFuller,assertingtheexistenceofanidealspiritualrealitythattranscendstheempiricalandscientificandisknowablethroughintuition.超验主义,一种文学和哲动，与拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生和玛格丽特•富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，于经验和科学之处，通过得以把握NathanielHawthornewrotetheScarletLetter.Morphology:Thestudyofthestructureandformofwordsinlanguageoralanguage,includinginflection,derivation,andtheformationofcompounds.词法，词态学，形态音位学,语言或某一语言中对于单词的结构和形式的研究，包括词尾变化、派生affricate:Acomplexspeechsoundconsistingofastopconsonantfollowedbyafricative摩擦;forexample,theinitialsoundsofchildandjoy.塞擦音由闭塞音伴随着摩擦音而形成的复杂的语音；例如child和joyAlsocalled:affricative.VanityFairwaswrittenWilliamMakepeaceNeilArmstrongwasthefirst towalkonthemoon.EdwinAldrin,MichaelThetitleofthenationalanthem国歌ofCanadaisOCanada.此种类型题可HenryDavidThoreau’swork,Walden,hasalwaysbeenregardedasamasterpieceNewEnglandetymologythehistoryofaword.ThedominantaccentintheUnitedStatesisGeneralAmerican.除纽约市、南方、新JohnLennonisamemberofthebandofBeatlesintheInGulliver’sTravels游记,JonathanSwiftdescribestheislandoftheHouyhnhnmsastheworld’smostperfectsociety.Houyhnhnmsarehorsesinfact.CeoffreyChaucerwroteCanterburyTalesinfourteenthmorpheme:Ameaningfullinguisticunitconsistingofaword,suchasman,orawordelement,suchas-edinwalked,thatcannotbedividedintosmallermeaningfulparts.词素,-edwalked中，不能被ThenameofthefamousstadiuminthenorthofLondonisWimbledon[英国英格兰东南部城市](位于伦敦附近,是著名的国际网球比赛ToadintheholeisaTraditionalEnglishrecipe食谱originatingfromYorkshireacountyinthenorthofEngland.烤面拖牛肉，，面拖烤香肠Boycott:Toacttogetherinabstainingfromusing,buying,ordealingwithasanexpressionofordisfavororasameansofcoercion（强制）.联合,联合起来使用、或经销以示、不满或作为强制的Segregation:Theandpracticeofimposingthesocialseparationofraces,asinschools,housing,andindustry,especiallysoastopracticediscriminationagainstpeopleofcolorinapredominantlywhitesociety.种族,强制实行种族的社会分离政策及实践，如在学校、居住和工业中，尤指在白人居多的社会中实行有色人种的政策Apartheid:AnofficialofracialsegregationpracticedintheRepublicofSouthAfrica,involvingpoliticallegalandeconomicdiscriminationagainstnonwhites.种族制,南非实行的一种的种族政策，包括在政治、法律和经济诸方面对非白色人种的.Integration:Thebringingofpeopleofdifferentracialorethnicgroupsintounrestrictedandequalassociationasinsocietyoranorganizationdesegregation.种族或融合,在社会或组织中，使不同的种族或派别的人处于的的关系中；取消种族ThemajorityofFrench-speakingCanadiansliveinSirThomasMorecoinedtheword“Utopia”,itmeansnowherelandinTheHemingwayCodeheroesarebestrememberedfortheirindestructiblePhoneme:anyoneofthesetofsmallestdistinctivespeechsoundsinalanguagethatdistinguishonewordfromanother音位，音素,语言中最小的语音单位，如英语里mat中的m和bat中的bpolysemy:patronsaint：保护圣徒,Parentese:backformation:typewriter→allomorph:Anyofthevariantformsofamorpheme.Forexample,thephoneticsofcats,zofdogs,andzofhorsesandtheenofoxenareallomorphsoftheEnglishpluralmorpheme.语素变体,scats中，z在dogs中，和iz在horses中，还有en在oxen中都是英语复数语素的语素变体.词政治常用词absolutemajority绝对多数adhoccommittee特别advisorybodyanti-establishment情绪all-embracingagreement包罗万象的协定arbitration调停bipartisandiplomacy两党一致的对外政策carrot-and-stick利诱政deadlock僵 shoe-stringmajority微弱多embargo禁运 summitconference首脑会议abstainfromvoting弃权 airoftension紧张气氛administrative行政amendmentapartheid种族baremajority勉强过半数briefingmeeting简要nonalignedcountry不结盟国congressionalhearing()国会意见听证diplomaticimmunity豁免 shuttlediplomacy穿梭经贸常用词accumulateddeficit累计赤 activetradebalance贸易顺businessslump生意dullmarket的市economictakeoff经济起飞 broker经纪人reciprocaltradeagreement互惠贸易政笼 dividend红利wholesaledealer批发商 economicrecession经济goldstandard金本 devaluation贬AmericanSellingPriceretailer零售商priceindex物价指数 deficiency亏损across-the-boardtariffcuttalks全面削减关税会谈demandandsupplybalance供求平 goldreserve黄金储price-curbing抑制物价政tycoon巨 non-confidencemotion不信任案 stalledpeacetalks陷入僵局的和谈adversetradebalance贸易逆差 economicsanction经济switc