2023年23月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1

2023年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:ToBeaSmallFishinaBigPondoraBigFishinaSmallPond?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.在大企业工作的特点

2.在小企业工作的特点

3.我的选择

ToBeaSmallFishinaBigPondoraBigFishinaSmallPond?

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

ToSaveTrees,FightingOneAlienInsectwithOthers

Rustyrheasighswistfullyashetalksaboutthebeautyandpeaceofstandingamidagrove(小树林)ofdeepgreenhemlocksinAppalachia,someofthemupto160feet(50meters)tallandmorethan500yearsold.

"Thisisaveryspecialtree,"saidRhea,anentomologistfortheU.S.ForestService'sForestHealthProtectionprograminAsheville,NorthCarolina,"Iwasbroughtuphere,andIdon'twanttoseeanotherspeciesgobythewayside."

Theevergreentrees,ahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia'snationalparks,areunderattackbyaninvasiveinse4ctbarelyvisibletotheeyebutpotentenoughtofellthegiantsoftheeasternUnitedStates'old-growthforests.

AlreadythetinybugfromJapan,knownasthehemlockwoollyadelgid(HWA),haskilledupwardof95percentofthehemlocksinVirginia'sShenandoahNationalPark.Nowtheyaremakingtheirwaythroughthehalf-million-plus-acre(200,000-plus-hectare)GreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkinNorthCarolinaandTennessee.

Thehemlocksshadestreams,keepingwatertemperaturesjustrightforbrooktrout(鲑鱼)andotherfish.Theyalsohousebirdssuchastheblack-throatedgreenwarbler,solitaryvireo,andnortherngoshawk,allthreeofwhichmainlyshelterinstandsofhemlocktrees.

Becauseoftheinsect'sbroadimpactontheentireecosystemofsouthernAppalachia,HWAstandstocausewiderdamagethantheAmericanchestnutblight(枯萎病)oftheearly1900s.ThatfungusfromEuropekilledofftheoncedominantchestnuttreesfromthenortheastUnitedStatestothesouthernAppalachianMountains.

Inaddition,aspeciesrelatedtoHWA,thebalsamwoollyadelgid,hasalreadykilledabout90percentofthematureFraserfirtreesintheSmokies.

ActingQuickly

HWAarrivedintheU.S.PacificNorthwestvianurseryplantsfromJapanin1924.By1951thetinyinvaderhadbeenfoundinVirginia.Sincethentheinsecthasspreadtomorethan15U.S.states.

ThekeytokillingtheHWAistocatchitearlyandactquickly.It'salreadywellestablishedintheGreatSmokyMountains,whereRheaandothersaretryingtostemthespreadofthebugs.

HWAmultiplyquickly:Alloftheinsectsarefemalesthatreproduceasexually(无性地),layingseveralhundredeggsayear.Whentheygettothenymph,orcrawler,stage,theyaredormantfromaboutJuneuntilOctober,afterwhichtheyemergeandestablishthemselvesontrees.

Windsandbirdsandotheranimalsspreadthecrawlersthroughtheforest.

HWAcrawlersfeedonthenewgrowthofhemlocksbypiercingthetwigsthatholdthebranches,suckingthesap,andinjectingtoxicsaliva.Theneedlesturnfromadeepgreentoagrayishgreenandeventuallydie,deprivingthetreeofnutritionfromphotosynthesis.

Aninfectedtreeusuallydieswithinfiveyearsofinitialattack.Infectionissignaledbyeitherawhite,cottonlikematerialthatappearsalongatree'stwigsorbythe"baldness"ofatree'supperbranches.

PlansofAttack

InthePacificNorthwestthehemlocksseemtobetolerantofthecreatures'feeding,andinthecoldnortheast,wintersseemtokeepthematbay.Butinthewarmsoutheast,withweatherapproximatingthatoftheinsects'nativeAsianhomes,theythrive.

Chemicalsprays-suchasinsecticidalsoapsandhorticulturaloilsaswellastrunkorsoilinjections-havehelpedtokillsomeoftheHWAinfestations.

Butsprayingmustberepeatedeverysixmonths,andinjectionsareexpensiveandlastonlytwoyearsatmost.Thesemethodscan'tbeusedconvenientlyorsafelyinremoteareasornearthestreamswherehemlocksgrowthickly.

Longterm,thebestwaytocontrolthepestsappearstobereleasingotherinsectsthatfeedexclusivelyonHWA.ScientistshavestudiedHWAinPartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

11.[A]1016.

[B]1060.

[C]508.

[D]580.

12.[A]Fatheranddaughter.

[B]Uncleandniece.

[C]Auntandnephew.

[D]Cousins.

13.[A]Shewasn'tinvited.

[B]Shewasn'treadytocome.

[C]Shealteredherdecision.

[D]Sheforgottheinvitation.

14.[A]Thedoorneedsrepairing.

[B]Hehadlostallhiskeys.

[C]Hecouldn'topenthedoor.

[D]Hewantedthewomantohelphim.

15.[A]She'sratherhappytohearso.

[B]She'sdisappointedtohearso.

[C]She'sunhappytohearso.

[D]She'ssurprisedtohearso.

16.[A]Hethoughtitwasagoodcar.

[B]Hethoughtitwastoonoisy.

[C]Hethoughttherewassomethingwrongwiththecar.

[D]Hdidn'tlikeit.

17.[A]Inacar.

[B]Inatrain.

[C]Inaship.

[D]Inaplane.

18.[A]She'llgototheconcert.

[B]She'llhaveameeting.

[C]She'llwatchherneighbor'schildren.

[D]She'llvisitherneighbor.

Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.[A]Theearlyhistoryofbookbinding.

[B]Howoldbooksbecomevaluable.

[C]Economicalwaystoprotectoldbooks.

[D]Whysomebooksdecay.

20.[A]Theyareoftenhandledimproperlybyreaders.

[B]Thepaperisdestroyedbychemicals.

[C]Theinkusedinprintingdamagesthepaper.

[D]Theglueusedinthebindinglosesitsstrength.

21.[A]Theyaredifficulttoread.

[B]Theyareslowlyfallingapart.

[C]Theywerenotmadefromwoodpulp.

[D]Theyshouldbestoredinacoldplace.

22.[A]Getsomebooksforthemantolookat.

[B]Askthemantolookoverhernotes.

[C]Continueherresearchinthelibrary.

[D]Findmoreinformationonhowbooksarepreserved.

Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

23.[A]Whichmajorthewomanwillbechoosing.

[B]Ananthropologycoursethewomanistaking.

[C]Howtofindajobinpublishing.

[D]Whichanthropologyprofessorsthemanrecommends.

24.[A]Itisnotasdifficultasshehadthoughtitwouldbe.

[B]Shewouldlikeherprofessortoexplainitmoreclearly.

[C]Shetookaclassonitlastsemester.

[D]Herprofessorwillwriteabookonitsoon.

25.[A]Herprofessor.

[B]Aclassmate.

[C]Herformerboss.

[D]Aforeigndiplomat.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheandofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestionsBoththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.[A]Becausenobodyknewhisaddress.

[B]Becausenobodyknewhisage.

[C]BecausePenury'sprivatelifewasasecret.

[D]BecausePenurywasstillabachelorattheageofforty-five.

27.[A]Hedidnotspendmoneyfreely.

[B]Hewasalwayswell-dressed.

[C]Hehadaluxuriouscar.

[D]Heworkedhardforaliving.

28.[A]Aphotographer.

[B]Aburglar.

[C]Areporter.

[D]Aprofessor.

PassageTwo

Questions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

29.[A]In1809.

[B]In1863.

[C]In1865.

[D]In1860.

30.[A]Fouryears.

[B]Fiveyears.

[C]Threeyears.

[D]Sixyears.

31.[A]Asoldier.

[B]Athief.

[C]Agovernmentofficer.

[D]Anactor.

32.[A]Becausetheydidn'tlikeLincolnbeingtheirPresident.

[B]Becausetheywantedtosetuptheirowngovernment.

[C]BecausetheydisagreedwithLincolnontheabolishmentofslavery.

[D]BecausetheywantedtostageawaragainstLincoln'sgovernment.

PassageThree

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.[A]10points.

[B]2points.

[C]15points.

[D]5points.

34.[A]Theywilltakeoneofthesixmajortests.

[B]Theywillhavetowriteacomposition.

[C]Theywillbegivenapoptest.

[D]Theywillberequiredtoreadashortstoryinclass.

35.[A]Anessay.

[B]Amagazinearticle.

[C]Apoem.

[D]Ashortstory.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblank,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.

Scientistshavedevelopedanewcancerdrug.Sofar,theyhavetesteditonlyon(36)________animals.Thedrugisdesignedto(37)________andkillcancercellsbutnothealthycells.

First,thedrugentersthecanceranddestroysthesupplyofblood.Thenitreleases(38)________todestroythecancercells.

ResearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridgecarriedoutthestudy.The(39)________appearedinNature(40)________.Aschoolnewsreleasecalledthedrugan"anti-cancersmartbomb."

RamSasisekharanisaprofessoratM.I.T.Hesayshisteamhadto(41)________threeproblems.Theyhadtofindawaytodestroythebloodvessels,thento(42)________thegrowthofnewones.Buttheyalsoneededthebloodvesselstosupplychemicalstodestroythecancer.

So,theresearchersdesignedatwo-part"nanocell".Thecellis(43)________innanometers,oronethousandmillionthofameter.(44)________________________.

Thescientistssayitwassmallenoughtopassthroughthebloodvesselsofthecancer,butitwastoobigtoenternormalbloodvessels.Thesurfaceofthenanocellsalsohelpedthemtoavoidnaturaldefenses.

(45)________________________.Thatcutoffthebloodsupplyandtrappedthenanocellinsidethecancer.Then,thenanocellslowlyreleasedchemotherapydrugstokillthecancercells.

(46)________________________.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweather-torrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoes-beginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighboringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtlyatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or"Nowcasts",wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmoderncomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologists(气象学者)andcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

47.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthevalueofdamagesfromtorrentialrains,severethunderstormsandtornadoesis________________________.

48.Whydoconventionalmodelsoftheatmospherefailtopredictsuchashort-livedtornado?

______________________________________________________________.

49.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatconventionalforecastingmodelsarenowmostlyusedfor________________________.

50.Whatdoes"Nowcasts"meanaccordingtothepassage?

___________________________________________________________.

51.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakes"Nowcasting"areality?

________________________________________________________.

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhatmakesAmericansspendnearlyhalftheirfooddollarsonmealsawayfromhome?TheanswerslieinthewayAmericanslivetoday.Duringthefirstfewdecadesofthetwentiethcentury,cannedandotherconveniencefoodsfreedthefamilycookfromfull-timedutyatthekitchenrange.

Then,inthe1940s,workinthewartimedefenseplantstookmorewomenoutofthehomethateverbefore,settingthepatternoftheworkingwifeandmother.Unlessfamilymemberspitchinwithfoodpreparation,womenarenotfullyliberatedfromthatchore.

It'seasiertopickupabucketoffriedchickenonthewayhomefromworkortakethefamilyoutforpizzasorburgersthantostartopeningcansorheatingupfrozendinnersafteralong,hardday.Alsonowadays,therisingdivorceratemeansthattherearemoresingleworkingparentswithchildrentofeed.Andmanyyoungadultsandelderlypeople,aswellasunmarriedanddivorcedmaturepeople,livealoneratherthanasapartofafamilyunitanddon'twanttobothercookingforone.Fastfoodisappealingbecauseitisfast,itdoesn'trequireanydressingup,itoffersa"fun"breakinthedailyroutine,andtheoutlayofmoneyseemssmall.Itcanbeeateninthecar-sometimespickedupatadrive-inwindowwithoutevengettingout-orontherun.Evenifitisbroughthometoeat,therewillneverbeanydirtydishestowashbecauseofthehandydisposablewrappings.Children,especially,lovefastfoodbecauseit'sfingerfood,nostrugglingwithknivesandforks,noannoyinginstructionsfromadultsabouttablemanners.

52.Americansenjoyfastfoodmainlybecause________.

[A]itcanbeeateninthecar

[B]itismuchmoretastythanhome-madefood

[C]oneonlyuseshisfingerswhileeatingit

[D]itistime-savingandconvenient

53.Itcanbeinferredthatchildren________.

[A]wanttohavefreedomattable

[B]washdishesaftereachmeal

[C]arenotgoodatusingforksandkniveswhileeating

[D]takeeatingtimeasafunbreak

54.ManyAmericansareeatingoutandnotcookingathomenowadaysbecause________.

[A]theywanttomakeachangeaftereatingthesamefoodforyearsathome

[B]thefoodmadeoutsidehometastesbetterthanfoodcookedathome

[C]manyofthemlivealoneordon'tliketakingtroubletocook

[D]Americanwomenrefusetocookathomeduetowomen'sliberationmovement

55.Accordingtothetext,adrive-inwindowisa________.

[A]carwindowfromwhichyoucanseethedriver

[B]windowintherestaurantfromwhichyougetyourmealinthecar

[C]placewhereyoucheckthemechanicconditionofyourcar

[D]entrancewhereyoureturntheusedplatesaftereating

56.Theexpression"pitchinwith"(Line2,Para.2)probablymeans________.

[A]complain

[B]enjoy

[C]help

[D]deny

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

InfraGardisagrass-rootsefforttorespondtotheneedforcooperationandcollaborationincounteringthethreatofcybercrimeandterrorismtoprivatebusinessesandthegovernment.BytheendofSeptember,therewillbeInfraGardchaptersinall50states,Callowaysaid.WithadvicefromtheFBI,eachlocalchapterwillberunbyaboardofdirectorsthatincludesmembersofprivateindustry,theacademiccommunityandpublicagencies.Bands,utilities,andotherbusinessesandgovernmentagencieswilluseasecureWebsitetoshareinformationaboutattemptstohackintotheircomputernetworks.Memberscanjointhesystemfree.Akeyfeatureofthesystemisatwo-prongedmethodofreportingattacks.

A"sanitized"descriptionofahackingattemptorotherincident-onethatdoesn'trevealthenameorinformationaboutthevictim-canbesharedwiththeothermemberstospottrends.ThenamoredetaileddescriptionalsocanbesenttotheFBI'scomputercrimesunittointerfereiftherearegroundsforaninvestigation.Cybercrimehasjumpedinrecentyearsacrossthenation,particularlyinhotbedsoffinancialcommerceandtechnologylikeCharlotte."Tenyearsago,allyouneededtoprotectyourselfwasasafe,afenceandsecurityofficers,"saidChrisSwecker,whoisinchargeoftheFBI'sCharlotteoffice."Nowanybusinesswithamodemissubjecttoattack."FBIagentsinvestigatecomputerhackingthatdisruptedpopularWebsitesincludingA,CNNandYahoo!

severalNorthCarolinavictimshavebeenidentifiedthisyear.TheinvestigationhasalsoidentifiedcomputersystemsinNorthCarolinausedbyhackerstocommitsuchattacks.Prosecutionsofhackershavebeenhamperedbythereluctanceofcompaniestoreportsecurityintrusionsforfearofbadpublicityandlostbusiness.Meanwhile,toomanycorporationshavemadeittooeasyforcriminalsbysacrificingsecurityforspeedandaccessibility.JackWiles,whowillleadthelocalInfraGardchapter'sboard,saidarecentreportestimated97percentofallcybercrimegoesundetected.Wiles,acomputersecurityexpert,hasafirewallonhispersonalcomputertopreventhackersfromgettingintohisfiles."Igetatleastonereportadaythatsomebodywastryingtogetintomycomputer,"hesaid,"theNetisawonderfulplace,butit'salsoadangerousone."

57.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknow________.

[A]InfraGardisaprotectivemeasureagainstcybercrime

[B]InfraGardisameasureofcooperationandcollaboration

[C]therewillbe50InfraGardchaptersinallstates

[D]privatebusinessandthegovernmentarenowcommittingcybercrime

58.EachlocalchapterofInfraGardwillberunbythefollowingEXCEPT________.

[A]academiccommunities

[B]publicagencies

[C]FBI

[D]privateindustry

59.Bysaying"toomanycorporations...speedandaccessibility"(Lines3～4,Para.3),theauthormeans________.

[A]toomanycorporationstakenonoticeofthesecurityproblemofcomputers

[B]criminalsaresacrificingsecurityforspeedandaccessibility

[C]it'sveryeasytosacrificesecurityforspeedandaccessibility

[D]manycompaniessufferfromcomputerhackingbecausetheyvaluespeedandaccessibilitymorethansecurity

60.AllthefollowingarereasonsfortheriseincybercrimeEXCEPT________.

[A]victimswon'treportintrusionsbyhackers

[B]victimshavenofirewalls

[C]theuseofmodemisincreasing

[D]companiesdon'tpayenoughattentiontosecurity

61.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.

[A]notallhackingattemptsareworthyofinvestigation

[B]informationofthevictimsisinaccessible

[C]InfraGardchapterswillbeineffectbytheendofSeptember

[D]AwasoftendisruptedbyhackingPartVCloze(15minutes)

Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

EveryyearmorethanhalfamillionAmericankidshavedrainage(排泄)tubessurgicallyimplantedintheirearstocombatpersistentinfections.Theprocedure,knowastympanostomy,maynotbeas62asthetonsillectomywasinthe1940s,butitnow63asthenation'sleadingchildhood64andanewstudysuggestsit'sbeingvastlyoverused.In65morethan6,000scheduledeartubeoperations,ateamofexperts66byHarvardpediatricianLawrenceKleinmanfoundthatfewerthanhalfwereclearlyjustified."Eachyear",theresearcherswriteinthecurrentJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation(JAMA),"severalhundredthousandchildrenintheUnitedStatesmaybe67tympanostomytubesthatofferthemnodemonstrated68...andmayplacethematincreased69."

Tubeplacementisn'ta70riskyprocedure,butitcosts$1,000to$1,500andsometimesscarstheeardrum,causingapartiallossof71.Studiesshowthatthebenefitsaremostlikelyto72therisksifachild'smiddleearhasproducedstickyfluid73morethanfourmonthsdespitetreatment74antibiotics.Forlessvirulentinfections,drugtreatmentisusuallya(n)75,saferalternative(thoughdrugs,too,canbeoverused).InthenewJAMAstudy,Kleinman'steamreviewedthemedicalchartsof6,429kids,allunder16,76doctorshadrecommendedtheprocedure.Evenmaking"generousassumptions"aboutthelikely77,theresearchersfoundthataquarteroftheproposedoperationswere78,sincelessinvasivealternativeswereavailable,79anotherthirdwereaslikelytoharmtherecipientsashelpthem.

Parentsneedn't80abouteartubesthatarealreadyinplace.Once81implanted,thetinydevicesprovidedrainageforsixmonthstoayear,thencomeoutbyreducinghealthcostsbyhundredsofmillionsofdollarseveryyear.

62.[A]rare[B]common[C]general[D]abnormal

63.[A]considers[B]alternates[C]ranges[D]ranks

64.[A]operation[B]disease[C]condition[D]injection

65.[A]finding[B]reviewing[C]amending[D]performing

66.[A]controlled[B]conducted[C]legitimated[D]led

67.[A]receiving[B]accepting[C]undertaking[D]initiating

68.[A]disadvantage[B]agreement[C]advantage[D]shortcoming

69.[A]bottom[B]risk[C]edge[D]extent

70.[A]subtly[B]hopefully[C]merely[D]terribly

71.[A]feeling[B]hearing[C]health[D]memory

72.[A]outfit[B]outflow[C]outweigh[D]outgrow

73.[A]for[B]on[C]in[D]to

74.[A]by[B]upon[C]with[D]along

75.[A]expensive[B]faster[C]further[D]cheaper

76.[A]which[B]whose[C]that[D]who

77.[A]risks[B]dangers[C]chances[D]benefits

78.[A]inappropriate[B]favorable[C]preferable[D]inadequate

79.[A]where[B]when[C]whether[D]while

80.[A]outrage[B]panic[C]complain[D]protest

81.[A]lively[B]quickly[C]successfully[D]formally

PartVITranslation(5minutes)

Directions:CompletethesentencesonAnswerSheet2bytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.

82.Whenthetraincame,________________________(人们立即涌进站台).

83.Toopenafileandshowtheinformation,________________________(你需要双击文件名).

84.Afterfifteenyears'workingforthecompany,________________________(他被任命为主管).

85.Sheworksinadministration,________________________(她一天中的绝大多数时间都花在文书工作和维护记录上).

86.Everyexecutiveisresponsibleforthesuccessofthecompany

________________________(无论做什么工作).2023年12月英语四级考试模拟试题答案

PartIWriting

ToBeaSmallFishinaBigPondoraBigFishinaSmallPond?

Therearedistinctdifferencesbetweenbeingasmallfishinabigpondandabigfishinasmallpond,soitiswithworkingasasubordinateinalargeenterpriseandpresidinginasmallfirm.

Withtheformer,youcanderiveadeepsenseofsatisfactionfrombeingamemberofawell-knownorganizationsuchasGeneralMotors,ortheBell.Youhavetheopportunitiesoflearningfromexperiencedexecutivesandknowingaboutthestandardworkingprocess.

Withthelatter,youhavegreaterresponsibilitiesandyourdecisionmaybringimmediateeffect.Normallyyouareexposedtovariousexperiencesandexpectedtodoagreatmanythingswithoutmuchhelporguidance,whichwillindeedimproveyourabilities.

PersonallyIprefertoworkinasmallfirm,whereIhavegreatprospectofpromotionaslongasIworkhard.AndI'msureI'llbecomeanimportantfigurewithinmysmallpond.

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

1.N结合标题ToSaveTrees,FightingOneAlienInsectwithOthers迅速扫读全文可知，文章主要不是描写HWA这种虫害本身，而是如何防治这种虫害，故题干表述不正确。

2.Y根据题干中的信息词hallmark和Appalachia'snationalparks定位原文，