湖南省怀化市高二上学期开学联考英语试题（解析版）

高二英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybus.2.Whatistheman?A.Ashopassistant.B.Adoctor.C.Atailor.3.Howmuchdoesanadultticketcost?A.Twodollars.B.Fourdollars.C.Sixdollars.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inashop.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sheisexpressinggratitude.B.Sheisaskingformoney.C.Sheishavingajobinterview.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.7.Whydoesthemanleavethecompany?A.Tomakemoremoney.B.Toimprovehimselfbystudy.C.Toliveabroadwithhisfamily.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whowillthemanbuythegiftfor?A.Hisbrother.B.Thewoman.C.Hissister.9.Whatwillthemanbuy?A.Ahandkerchief.B.Ahandbag.C.Anairticket.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatwillthewomandoduringthesummerholidays?A.Studyatschool.B.Workintheshop.C.Travelwithhermother.11.Withwhomdoesthemanplantogototheseaside?A.Hisparents.B.Hisfriends.C.Hisbrothers.12.Whatlessondoesthewomanwanttotake?A.Swimming.B.Piano.C.English.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatcanwelearnaboutMary'snewflat?A.Ithasabigroom.B.Ithasabigkitchen.C.Ithastwobathrooms.14.Howfaristhewoman'snewflatfromtheoffice?A.Tenminutesbybus.B.Tenminutesonfoot.C.Tenminutesbycar.15.WhywasLilylateforwork?A.Thetrainwaslate.B.Shemissedthebus.C.Thebusbrokedown.16.Whatwillthemandothenextday?A.VisitMary.B.Gotoworkbytrain.C.Gotoworkearlier.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdothelibrarymembershavetodoeverytwoyears?A.Renewtheirpersonalinformation.B.Payforanewmembershipcard.C.Registerinthelibraryagain.18.Howlongwillthelibrarykeepthebookbookedinadvance?A.Twoweeks.B.Aweek.C.Fivedays.19.Whatcanbeborrowedforonedayonly?A.Dictionaries.B.DVDs.C.Children'sbooks.20.Onwhichdaywillthelibrarycloseat7pm?A.Wednesday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A2022KidsNewsShortStoryWritingCompetitionWelcometothe2022KidsNewsShortStoryWritingCompetition!Itisanannualcompetitionwhichstartsat9amonMonday,September5.Ifyouhaveacreativemindandfantasticstories,hurryupandsubmityourstorybeforeOctober28.ThecompetitionisfreeandopentostudentsfromkindergartentoGrade9.Thecompetitionhastwoagegroups.Forkidsaged11yearsandover,theirshortstorymustbebetween500and1,000words.Forthoseaged10andunder,theirshortstorymustbebetween250and500words.Youaresupposedtowriteashortstoryonanythemeortopicofyourchoice.Thefirstprizewinnerofeachagegroupwillget10copiesoftheirshortstory,whicharepublishedintoaprintedbookwithapersonallydesignedcover,plusaniPad.Thereisalsoabookreaderasaprizefortherunner-up(亚军)andaHarperCollinsbookpackforthethirdwinnerineachagegroup.Teacherscansubmittheirstudents’storiesthroughtheonlineentryform(参赛表格).Aconsentform(同意书),signedbythestudent’sparentorguardian,mustbeattachedtotheentryform.Unlessadvertiseddifferently,theprizewinnerswillbeinformedbyphone,emailormailattheendofthecompetitionperiodandbynolaterthanDecember30.Winners’nameswillbepublishedon.1.Onwhichdayisthedeadlineforparticipatinginthecompetition?A.5,September.B.9,October.C.28,October.D.30,December.2.Howmanywordsaresuitableforakindergartenkidtoenterthecompetition?A.200.B.300.C.600.D.700.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthecompetition?A.Thereisnofixedtopicforkids’writing.B.Theprizewinnerswillnotbemadepublic.C.Wecanknowwinners’namesafterDecember30.D.Kidscan’tattenditwithoutteachers’permission.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍了2022年儿童新闻短篇小说创作大赛的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“Ifyouhaveacreativemindandfantasticstories,hurryupandsubmityourstorybeforeOctober28.(如果你有创意和精彩的故事，赶紧在10月28日前提交你的故事。)”可知，10月28日是最后期限。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Forthoseaged10andunder,theirshortstorymustbebetween250and500words.(对于10岁及以下的孩子，他们的短篇故事必须在250-500字之间。)”可知，10岁以下的孩子写的短篇故事要求字数在250-500之间。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话“Youaresupposedtowriteashortstoryonanythemeortopicofyourchoice.(你可以根据你选择的任何主题写一篇短篇故事。)”可知，比赛不限定主题。故选A项。BManytimes,sportseventscanbereallycompetitive.Athletesgothroughgreatpressurebothintheirtrainingandduringperformance,allforthatnumberoneposition.ForoneSpanishathlete,IvánAnaya,itwasexactlythatrespectforthegreathardworkanddevotiontothesportsthatmadehimloseonpurpose.Duringacross-countryraceinBurlada,Navarre,theKenyanathleteAbelMutaiwaswellaheadofIván.Butthen,thinkinghehadalreadyreachedthefinishline,hestartedslowingdowninhispace.Hestillhad10metersaheadofhim.AnyoneelseinsecondpositionmighthavetakenadvantageofthatmistakebutnotIván.IvánstayedbehindAbel,andusinghandsignals,heguidedAbeltothefinishline.Later,Ivánspokeabouthisdecision,whichmightstunmanypeople.Ivánsaid,“IjustdidwhatIhadtodo.Hewastherightfulwinner.HewasfaraheadofmeandIcouldn’thavecaughthimupifhehadn’tmadeamistake.AssoonasIsawhewasstopping,IknewIwasn’tgoingtopasshim.”Iván’scoach,formerSpanishrunnerMartinFiz,saidhewouldnothavethoughttodothesamething.“Itwasaverygoodgesture(姿态)ofhonesty,”saidFiz,“AgesturethatImyselfwouldn’thavemade.Icertainlywouldhavetakenadvantageofittowin.”Ivánhopeditwouldspreadamessageabouttheimportanceofhonesty.“ButIalsothinkthathavingdonewhatIdidhasearnedmorefamethanifIhadwon,”headded.“Andthatisveryimportant,becausetodayinallcircles,insoccer,insociety,whereitseemsanythinggoes,withthewaythingsare,agestureofhonestygoesdownwell.”4.WhydidAbelslowdownduringtherace?A.Hewantedtoloseonpurpose.B.HewaswaitingforIvánAnaya.C.Hewastootiredtokeeprunning.D.Hethoughthehadreachedtheend.5.WhydidIvánrefusetotakeadvantageofAbel’smistake?A.HefeltverysorryforAbel.B.Hestillcouldn’tcatchupwithAbel.C.HethoughtthatAbeldeservedtowin.D.Hedidn’tknowwhathappenedtoAbel.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stun”inparagraph3mean?A.Inspire.B.Amuse.C.Shock.D.Satisfy.7.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughIván’sstory?A.Sportseventscanbereallycompetitive.B.Honestyisrequiredinallwalksoflife.C.Friendshipismoreimportantthanwinning.D.Fairnessismoreimportantincompetitions.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述在一次越野赛中，领先的肯尼亚选手Abel看错终点线，在距离终点十米的地方突然慢了下来。紧随其后的西班牙选手Iván本来可以超越他第一个到达终点，但他没有这样做，而是指引对手Abel通过终点线，赢得比赛。通过讲述该故事传达了诚实很重要的主题思想。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Butthen,thinkinghehadalreadyreachedthefinishline,hestartedslowingdowninhispace.”（但是随后，认为他已经到达终点，他开始放慢步伐）可知，Abel认为自己已经到达了终点，所以慢了下来。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中Iván所说的话“IjustdidwhatIhadtodo.Hewastherightfulwinner.HewasfaraheadofmeandIcouldn’thavecaughthimupifhehadn’tmadeamistake.”（我只是做了我该做的。他是真正的赢家。他领先我很多，如果他没有犯错，我是赶不上他的）可知，他认为领先自己的Abel如果没有出现失误，自己是不可能超越他的。由此可推测，Iván认为自己不应该获胜，Abel应该获胜。故选C项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句“Iván’scoach,formerSpanishrunnerMartinFiz,saidhewouldnothavethoughttodothesamething.”（Iván的教练，前西班牙跑步选手MartinFiz说他没想过去做同样的事情）可知，Iván的这个行为让他的教练都感到意外，更不用说常人了。故推测“stun”与“shock”同义，都表示“使震惊”。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Ivánhopeditwouldspreadamessageabouttheimportanceofhonesty.”（Iván希望这件事能传递一个信息，即诚实很重要）并结合文章的主要内容推知，作者通过Iván的故事告诉我们在社会生活的方方面面都需要诚实。故选B项。CInlessthantwomonths,anewlyopenedminimarketinaremotevillageinXigazeCity,southwestChina'sTibet,hasattractedalargenumberofcustomers.Thesecretbehinditssuccessistheidea“rubbishforgoods”.Villagerscanredeem(兑换)goodswithusedcartons(硬纸盒)anddrinkbottles.Earlyinthemorning,Drukhyun,thefirstsecretaryofChumikVillage,cametocheckthestock(库存).“Moreandmorepeoplearecomingtoredeemgoodsandweneedtotimelyensureplentifulstocks,”Drukhyunsaid.Yetthemovewasnotquitewellreceivedinthebeginning,untiltheyputtheireyesonthepupils.Thechildrenusedrecyclablesinexchangeforsnacksandsoonthenewsspread.Nowover100villagershaveredeemedgoodswithavalueofover5,100yuan.Themarkethasalsoprovidedjobsforfourlocalresidentsthatoncelivedunderthepovertyline,eachearningamonthlysalaryof3,000yuan.TenzinDrolmaisresponsibleforcountingandweighingthegoods.“Thankstothemarket,Icangetsuchameaningfuljob.LocalresidentsarehighlymotivatedandI'mprettybusyeveryday.”Sincearuleofsortingthewasteintocategories(种类)inLhasawascarriedoutinNovember2020,severalgreenmarketshaveopenedoneafteranother.InanothersimilarsupermarketinLhasa,theshelvesarefilledwithedibleoil,washingliquid,toothpasteandotherdailyproducts.Alltheproductsareonlyavailablebyredeemingpoints.Onekilogramofplasticwastecanberedeemedfor13pointswhileonekilogramofcartonsisworthof5points.Technologyhasalsomadethelow-carbonlifestylesmarterandcleaner.InacommunityinLhasa'sChengguanDistrict,theintelligentrecyclingbinscancalculatetheweightandupload(上传)theredeemedpointstocardsoflocalresidents.“Whenthetrashbinsarefull,itwillautomaticallyremindthecleaningstafftoemptythem,”saidPendran,directorofthedistrict'swastesortingoffice.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheminimarketinTibet?A.Itwasanimmediatesuccesswhenfirstfounded.B.Itbegantospreadwiththehelpthelocalkids.C.Itwasnotacceptedforenvironmentaldamage.DItallowedvillagerstobuydailygoodswithcash.9.Howdoestheminimarketaffectthelocalarea?A.Itstartsthelocalruleofwastesorting.B.Ithelpsthelocalsgetridofpoverty.C.Itoffersmorediversegoodsforthelocals.D.Itprovidesemploymentopportunities.10.WhatisTenzinDrolma'sattitudetowardstheminimarket?A.Appreciative.B.Worried.C.Disapproving.D.Uncertain.11.Whatcantheintelligentcyclingbinsdo?A.Makecardsforlocalresidents.B.Sortthewasteintoseveralcategories.CFigureoutthevalueoftherecycles.D.Remindtheresidentstoemptythebin.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。西藏自治区的一个偏远村庄新开的小市场吸引了大量顾客。（人们可以用）垃圾兑换商品，这是其（该市场）成功的秘诀。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Yetthemovewasnotquitewellreceivedinthebeginning,untiltheyputtheireyesonthepupils.Thechildrenusedrecyclablesinexchangeforsnacksandsoonthenewsspread.”(一开始这个举措并不太受欢迎，直到他们把目光投向了学生。不久之后，孩子用可回收材料换取零食消息很快就在村庄里传开了。)可知，在当地孩子的帮助下，它开始传播。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第三段“Themarkethasalsoprovidedjobsforfourlocalresidentsthatoncelivedunderthepovertyline,eachearningamonthlysalaryof3,000yuan.”(该市场还为4位曾经生活在贫困线以下的当地居民提供了就业机会，他们每个人的月薪为3000元)可知，小市场对当地的影响是它提供就业机会。故选D。3.推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“Thankstothemarket,Icangetsuchameaningfuljob.”(多亏了市场，我能得到一份如此有意义的工作。)可知，TenzinDrolma对此举措是心怀感激的。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“InacommunityinLhasa'sChengguanDistrict,theintelligentrecyclingbinscancalculatetheweightandupload(上传)theredeemedpointstocardsoflocalresidents.”(在拉萨城关区的一个社区，智能回收箱可以计算重量，并将积分上传到当地居民的卡上。)可知，智能回收箱可以计算回收物的价值。故选C。DDogsintheclassroomlowerstressofprimaryschoolstudents,newresearchhasfound.ThestudybyUKresearchersfoundspendingsometimewithadogtwiceaweekwasbetterforreducingstressonstudentsthanmanyotherclassroomrelaxationactivities.Andthebenefitsofthese“dogdates"weresimilarforchildreninbothnormalandspecialschools.Stressisknowntonegativelyaffectachild’slearning,behaviour,healthandmood.Thishasledschoolstotryanumberofwaystoreducestress,includingyoga,mindfulness,physicalactivitiesandevenhavinganimalsinclassrooms.TheresearchersfromtheUniversityofLincolnmeasuredstudents'stresslevelsbytrackingthelevelofthestressintheirsaliva(唾液).Theystudied105studentsaged8to9infournormalschoolsaswellas44childrenofasimilarageinsevenspecialschoolsintheUK.Thechildrenwererandomly(任意)dividedintothreegroups:agroupthatspenttimewithadog;agroupthatspenttimedoingrelaxationactivities;anda“control”groupthatdidneitherofthesethings.Studentsinthedoggroupspent20minuteswithatraineddogtwiceaweekforfourweeks.Therelaxationgroupspentthesameamountoftimedoingexercises.Theresearchersfoundthatthechildreninthedoggrouphad“significantlylower”stresslevels,whilethoseintherelaxationandcontrolgroupsrecordedanincreaseovertheschoolterm.Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinthejournalPLOSONE,alsofoundstresswaslowestinthechildreninthedoggroupimmediatelyaftertheircontactwiththepuppies.“Dog-assistedactivitiescanleadtolowerstresslevelsinschoolchildrenwithandwithoutspecialeducationalneeds,”UniversityofLincolnresearcherKerstinMeintssaid,“butmoreresearchisneededtodiscoverwhatwastheidealamountoftimeandcontactwithdogsforthebesteffect.”12.Whatisthebenefitofhavingdogsintheclassroomaccordingtotheresearch?A.Relievingstressforstudents.B.Makingstudentsfeellesslonely.C.Strengtheningstudents'health.D.Improvingstudents’learningability.13.Howdidtheresearchersgetthefindings?A.Byanalyzingcauses.B.Byprovidingexamples.C.Bylistingfacts.D.Bymakingcomparison.14.Whatdoestheresearchshowaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thepropercontacttimewithdogsstillneedsfurtherstudy.B.Dogshavemoreeffectsonthechildreninspecialschools.C.Thechildrendoingmoreexerciseshavetheloweststresslevel.D.Thechildrenspendingmosttimewithdogsarelowestinstress.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.StudentsneedthecompanyofdogsB.Classroomdogdatesreducekids’stressC.AnewresearchaboutdogsiscarriedoutD.Dog-assistedactivitiesbecomepopularinUK【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。研究人员发现，与其他许多课堂放松的活动相比，每周两次与狗在一起度过一段时间能更好地减轻学生的压力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Dogsintheclassroomlowerstressofprimaryschoolstudents,newresearchhasfound.(一项新的研究发现，教室里的狗降低小学生的压力。)”可知，把狗带入教室可以帮助学生减压。故选择A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thechildrenwererandomly(任意)dividedintothreegroups:agroupthatspenttimewithadog;agroupthatspenttimedoingrelaxationactivities;anda“control”groupthatdidneitherofthesethings.（孩子们是随机分为三组：一组与狗相处；一组花时间做放松活动；还有一个“对照组”没有做这两件事。）”可知，研究人员主要通过对三组学生的比较，描述了测试的过程。故选择D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“butmoreresearchisneededtodiscoverwhatwastheidealamountoftimeandcontactwithdogsforthebesteffect.（但是需要更多的研究来发现与狗接触的最佳时间和接触效果。）”可知，还需要更多的研究来发现与狗接触的理想时间和最佳效果。故选择A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Dogsintheclassroomlowerstressofprimaryschoolstudents,newresearchhasfound.ThestudybyUKresearchersfoundspendingsometimewithadogtwiceaweekwasbetterforreducingstressonstudentsthanmanyotherclassroomrelaxationactivities.（一项新的研究发现，教室里的狗可以降低小学生的压力。这项由英国研究人员进行的研究发现，每周花两次时间和狗在一起，比其他许多课堂放松活动更能减轻学生的压力。）”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究，每周两次与狗在一起度过一段时间能更好地减轻学生的压力。故B项“教室里与狗相约可以减轻孩子们的压力”为最佳标题。故选择B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowToTakeTheAdviceYou'veBeenGivenTakingadvicesometimescanbereallyhard,especiallywhenyou'reinatoughsituation.____16____Herearesomeofthem.Listentoyourselffirst.You'retheonewhohastolivewiththechoicesyoumake,soreallytakethetimetomakesurethatwhateveryou'redoingfeelstruetoyou.Forinstance,ifsomeonegivesyouadvicethatgoesagainstyourvalueslikehonesty,sayno.____17____Chooseyouradviserswisely.Beverydiscerning(有眼力的)whenyou’rechoosingwhototakeadvicefrom.____18____However,justbecausesomeoneissuccessfulintheirfielddoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'llgiveyougoodadvice.Nevertakeadvicefromthewrongperson.Forinstance,youmightnottakefinancialadvicefromsomeonewhodoesn'tmanagemoneywell.Seekseveraldifferentopinions.____19____Instead,reachouttoseveralpeoplewhosejudgmentandexperienceyoureallytrust.Thatway,youcanbesureyou'regettingabroadenoughperspectiveontheissue.Also,don'tjustrelyonpeoplewhothinksimilarlytothewayyoudo.Trytofindpeoplewithdiversepointsofview.____20____Takealittlebitoftimetothinkoveranyadvicesomeoneoffersevenifyouhavetomakeaquickdecision.Carefullyconsideryouroptionssoyoucanmakeathoughtfuldecisionbasedonyourgoals.However,dogiveyourselfadeadlinesoyoudon'tendupdelayfortoolong.A.Giveyourselftimetothinkabouttheadviceyoureceive.B.Don'tfeellikeyouonlyhavetogetadvicefromoneperson.C.Itisimportanttoletpeopleknowyouappreciatetheiradvice.D.Youshouldlistentotheinnervoiceandtellyourselfit'swrong.E.Therefore,you'repreparedtotakeresponsibilityforyourdecision.F.Goodadvicealwayscomesfromthosewhoareexpertsonthesubject.G.Therearestilltipsmakingiteasierforyoutodecidewhattodo,though.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.B20.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了如何采纳别人给你的建议。【16题详解】选项G.Therearestilltipsmakingiteasierforyoutodecidewhattodo,though.(不过，仍然有一些技巧可以让你更容易决定要做什么。)与上下文呼应。该句中的easier与上文中的hard形成对比；同时，下文中的them指的就是该句中的tips。故选G。【17题详解】根据前文“Listentoyourselffirst.(听你自己的。)”可知，本段的中心是听从自己的内心想法；空格前为举例证明本段中心思想，D选项“你内心的声音告诉你自己这是错的，你应该听从（它）”符合语境。故选D。【18题详解】根据后文“However,justbecausesomeoneissuccessfulintheirfielddoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'llgiveyougoodadvice.(然而，仅仅因为某人在他们的领域取得了成功并不一定意味着他们会给你好的建议。)”中的转折词However可知，空格处的句意与后句句意相反，F选项“Goodadvicealwayscomesfromthosewhoareexpertsonthesubject.”（好的建议总是来自于这方面的专家）与后句构成转折关系，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Instead,reachouttoseveralpeoplewhosejudgmentandexperienceyoureallytrust.(相反，多与你真正信任其判断和经验的人接触。)”中的Instead可知，空格处的句意与后句句意相反，即：我们不能只从一人身上寻求意见；前文“Seekseveraldifferentopinions.(寻求不同的意见。)”也说明我们要从不同人身上寻求不同意见，故选B。【20题详解】后文“Takealittlebitoftimetothinkoveranyadvicesomeoneoffersevenifyouhavetomakeaquickdecision.(花一点时间考虑一下别人提供的建议，即使你必须迅速做出决定。)”与选项A“给自己时间思考你收到的建议”所讲的内容一致，前后文连接顺畅，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenMercy,thelittlepenguin,arrivedattheBonorongWildlifeHospital,hewasinreallybadcondition.“Thepenguinwas___21___,notdoingsowellandneededfatteningup,”saidPetraHarris,thehospitalmanager.LittlepenguinswerethesmallestspeciesofpenguinsonEarthbutsadlyin___22___numbers.___23___,withthehelpofateamofwildlifekeepers,Mercyregainedfullhealthandwas___24___backintothewild.Mercy’sstoryhasnowbeenmadeintoavideoandwas___25___onsocialmediaplatformsonWorldPenguinDayonApril25.Inthe___26___,MsHarrissaidaman___27___Mercylookedunwellandcontactedthemthoughttheirrescueline.Rescuerswentto___28___Mercyandbroughthimback.Thevet(兽医)teamdidafull___29___onhim.“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuriesthatweren’t___30___.Totheir___31___,itturnedoutthatMercywasjustalittleunderweight.Mercywas___32___tofattenupatthehospitaluntilhecouldswim.Thenhewasreleasedatdawnsothathecouldspendthedayfishingbeforereturningtohisburrow(洞穴).“It’sacomfortforustoseeanimalsgobackwherethey___33___,”MsHarrissaid.“Mercywastheluckyonethatgetstohaveasecond___34___atlife,andit’scertainlyvery___35___forustomakeit.”21.A.excitedB.unfriendlyC.underweightD.depressed22.A.averageB.stableC.climbingD.declining23.A.FortunatelyB.StrangelyC.ConsequentlyD.Naturally24.A.setfreeB.letaloneC.watchedoverD.broughtup25.A.filmedB.postedC.changedD.refused26.A.hospitalB.bookC.videoD.record27.A.treatedB.huntedC.searchedD.spotted28.A.collectB.selectC.raiseD.cure29.A.surveyB.favorC.examinationD.description30.A.seriousB.obviousC.violentD.slight31.A.regretB.shockC.puzzleD.relief32.A.supportedB.fedC.operatedD.caught33.A.belongB.recoverC.meetD.escape34.A.thoughtB.successC.chanceD.try35.A.demandingB.appealingC.frighteningD.rewarding【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。一家医院的工作人员救助了一只小企鹅，并在它康复之后将其放归野外。【详解】1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只企鹅体重不足，状态不太好，需要育肥。A.excited兴奋的；B.unfriendly不友好的；C.underweight重量不足的；D.depressed沮丧的。根据“neededfatteningup”可知，企鹅重量不足。故选C。2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小企鹅是地球上最小企鹅物种，但令人遗憾的是它们的数量正在减少。A.average平均的；B.stable稳定的；C.climbing攀爬的；D.declining下降的。根据“butsadly”可知，数量下降令人遗憾。故选D。3.考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy完全恢复了健康，被放归了野外。A.Fortunately幸运地；B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Consequently结果；D.Naturally自然地。根据“withthehelpofateamofwildlifekeepers,Mercyregainedfullhealth”可知，Mercy身体恢复，这是幸运的事。故选A。4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在野生饲养员们的帮助下，Mercy完全恢复了健康，被放归了野外。A.setfree释放；B.letalone更不用说；C.watchedover监视；D.broughtup抚养。根据“backintothewild.”可知，Mercy身体恢复后被释放回到野外。故选A。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy的故事被制作成视频，该视频于4月25日“世界企鹅日”在社交媒体平台上发布。A.filmed拍摄；B.posted发布；C.changed改变；D.refused拒绝。根据“onsocialmediaplatforms”可知，视频在社交平台被发布。故选B。6.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，MsHarris说有人发现Mercy看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援热线联系了他们。A.hospital医院；B.book书籍；C.video视频；D.record记录。根据“Mercy’sstoryhasnowbeenmadeintoavideoandwas5onsocialmediaplatformsonWorldPenguinDayonApril25.”可知，人们看到了视频。故选C。7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在视频中，MsHarris说有人发现Mercy看起来身体不适并通过他们的救援热线联系了他们。A.treated对待；B.hunted捕猎；C.searched搜索；D.spotted看见。根据“Mercy’sstoryhasnowbeenmadeintoavideoandwas5onsocialmediaplatformsonWorldPenguinDayonApril25.”可知，人们在视频里看到小企鹅身体不适。故选D。8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员去接Mercy，并把它带回了医院。A.collect收集，领取；B.select挑选；C.raise提升；D.cure治愈。根据“andbroughthimback.”可知，救援人员去野外把小企鹅领回来。故选A。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意：兽医团队对它进行了全面检查。A.survey调查；B.favor喜欢；C.examination检查；D.description描述。根据“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuries”可知，这是给小企鹅身体做检查。故选C。10.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们给它做了X检查，以了解小企鹅身上是否有任何对我们来说不明显的损伤。A.serious严重的；B.obvious明显的；C.violent猛烈的；D.slight稍微的。根据“WeX-rayedhimtocheckforanyinjuriesthatweren’t”可知，救援人员对不明显的损伤进行检查。故选B。11.考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们感到欣慰的是，结果表明Mercy只是体重稍微偏低。A.regret后悔；B.shock惊讶；C.puzzle困惑；D.relief松口气。根据“itturnedoutthatMercywasjustalittleunderweight.”可知，小企鹅身体没有大碍，这让人们松了一口气。故选D。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mercy在医院被喂养得很壮实，该状态一直持续到它能游泳。A.supported支持；B.fed喂养；C.operated操作；D.caught抓住。根据“fattenupatthehospital”可知，小企鹅被喂养的胖胖的。故选B。13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到动物回到它们所属的地方，我们感到很欣慰。A.belong属于；B.recover恢复；C.meet见面；D.escape逃跑。根据“Thenhewasreleasedatdawnsothathecouldspendthedayfishingbeforereturningtohisburrow(洞穴).”可知，动物属于野外的生活。故选A。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mercy很幸运地获得了第二次生命的机会。A.thought思想；B.success成功；C.chance机会；D.try尝试。根据“3,withthehelpofateamofwildlifekeepers,Mercyregainedfullhealthandwas4backintothewild.”可知，这是第二次救助这只企鹅，所以是获得第二次生命机会。故选C。15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我们来说，能成功救助小企鹅是非常值得的。A.demanding要求高的；B.appealing吸引人的；C.frightening令人害怕的；D.rewarding有回报的，值得的。根据“forustomakeit.”可知，成功救治小企鹅对于救援人员来说也是值得的。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThestoryofZhangGuimeiiswell-knownthroughoutChina.Abouttwodecadesago,Zhang___36___(meet)ateenagegirlsittinginadaze(茫然)onthesideofaroadinHuapingCounty,YunnanProvince.Zhang,alocalhighschoolteacher,askedherwhatwaswrong.Thegirlsaidshewantedtogotoschool,butherfamilywastoopoor___37___(afford)it.Zhangwenttothe14-year-oldgirl’shome,___38___(hope)topersuadeherparentstoallowtheirdaughtertocontinueschooling.However,theparentsrefusedZhang.Withthelittlegirllingering(徘徊)inhermind,Zhangtriedtofigureout___39___tohelpthelocalgirls.In2007,Zhangwaselected___40___arepresentativeofthe17thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinaandattendedthemeetinginBeijing.AnewsreportonZhangmadeher___41___(ambitious)ofbuildingaschoolforgirlsgaintheattentionofHuapingCountyofficialsandother___42___(supporter).Ayearlater,HuapingGirls’HighSchool,China’sfirsttuition-freehighschoolopened.Mostofthegirlswerefrommountainousareas.Zhang’sstorywasadaptedintoaChineseplay,___43___(title)TeacherGuimei,byYunnanDramaTheater,whichlaunchedanationwidetour.DirectedbyWangBaoshe,whoisalsotheplaywright,andChangHao,theChineseplaypremieredinKunming,YunnanProvince.___44___playreceivedalotofattention.AccordingtoChang,rightaftertheplaystarteditspreparations,thecreativeteammembersvisitedZhang___45___(frequent)anddidinterviewswithher,tryingtoletthescript(剧本)tellherstoryinarealisticway.【答案】36.met37.toafford38.hoping39.how40.as41.ambition42.supporters43.titled44.The45.frequently【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了著名人物张桂梅的相关故事。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：大约20年前，张在云南省华坪县遇到了一个十几岁的女孩，她坐在路边发呆。根据该句中的时间状语可知，此句应用一般过去时。故填met。【37题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：女孩说她想去上学，但她的家庭太穷了，负担不起。分析句意可知，too...to...意为“太……以致不能……”，不定式作结果状语。故填toafford。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张去了这个14岁女孩的家里，希望说服她的父母允许他们的女儿继续上学。分析句式结构可知，该句中逻辑主语和hope之间是主动关系，故用v-ing形式，在句中作伴随状语。故填hoping。【39题详解】考查疑问词。句意：带着这个小女孩的记忆，张试图想办法帮助当地的女孩。分析句意可知，张桂梅试图了解如何帮助当地的女孩，用“how+不定式”作宾语。故填how。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：2007年，张当选为中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会代表，并出席了在北京举行的会议。beelectedas意为“被选为……”。故填as。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：一篇关于张的新闻报道让她建造一所女子学校的雄心引起了华坪县官员和其他支持者的注意。该句中形容词性物主代词her应该修饰名词。ambitious是形容词，意为“有雄心的”；其名词形式是ambition，意为“志向”。故填ambition。42题详解】考查名词的单复数。句意同上。supporter“支持者”是可数名词，被other修饰应用其复数形式。故填supporters。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：张的故事被云南戏剧剧院改编成话剧《桂梅老师》，并在全国巡演。分析句式结构可知，动词title意为“标题为……”与名词aChineseplay构成动宾关系，故此处应用动词的过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填titled。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：这出戏很受关注。分析句意可知，此处特指上文到的aChineseplay，故此处应用定冠词The。故填The。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：据张透露，该剧开始筹备后，创作团队成员就经常去找她，并对她进行采访，试图让剧本以一种现实的方式讲述她的故事。此处应用副词来修饰动词vis