高三下册英语材料必修五知识点2023

高三下册英语材料必修五知识点2023高三下册英语必修五知识点1linkAtoB将A和B连接起来referto1)提及，指的是……e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?参考;查阅;询问e.g.Ifyoudon'tunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.关系到;关乎e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.reference:n.参考e.g.referencebooks参考书toone'ssurprise(prep)“toone's+名词”表“令某人……”常见的名词有“delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitforsale.ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully“find+宾语+宾补(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介词短语;不定式)”e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.getsthdone=havesthdone使某事被做…….get+n.+doingYou'llgethertoagree.I'llgetthecargoing.getdone:用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生，意为“被…….”e.g.Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.10.breakaway(fromsb/sth)脱离;破除…e.g.Itisnoteasyforhimtobreakawayfrombadhabits.Themanbrokeawayfromhisguards.breakdown(会谈)破裂，失败;(汽车等)出故障;(人的健康状况)变得恶劣;(情感)失控e.g.Hiscarbrokedownonthewaytoworkthismorning.Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.breakoff中断，折断breakinto闯入breakout爆发;发生breakup驱散;分散，拆散11.aswellas不仅…而且;既…又…e.g.Heisateacheraswellasawriter.Thechildrenaswellastheirfatherwereseenplayingfootballinthestreet.12.convenience:n.方便;便利e.g.Weboughtthishouseforitsconvenience.convenient:adj.13.attraction:吸引;引力(不可数n.)吸引人的东西;喜闻乐见的东西;精彩节目(可数n.)e.g.attractionofgravitation重力Hecan'tresisttheattractionoftheseaonahotday.Abigcityoffersmanyandvariedattractions.Whataretheprincipleattractionsthisevening?attract:v.14.influence1)v.对…产生影响e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?2)可数n.产生影响的人或事e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.3)(不可数n.)影响e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.高三下册英语必修五知识点2impressionn.印痕;印记;印象;感想常用结构：haveanimpressionofsth./doingsth.对(做)某事有印象makeanimpressiononsb.给某人留下印象makenoimpressionon对……无影响/效果givesb.afavorableimpression给某人留下好印象animpressionofone’sfoot某人的脚印Yourperformancegavemeastrongimpression.你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。WhatIsaidmadenoimpressiononhim.我的话对他不起作用。联想拓展impressv.留下印象impresssth.on/uponone’smind把……牢记在心上lackv.&n.缺乏;缺少的东西注意：lack作名词时，后常接of。lack作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。常用结构：lacksth.缺少某物lackforsth.缺少;需要for/throughlackof...因缺乏……nolackof...不缺乏a/thelackof的缺乏Hedidn’tgotherebecausehelackedcourage.他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。Theplantdiedforlackofwater.植物因缺水而死。Theylackedfornothing.他们无所需求。联想拓展lackingadj.匮乏的;不足的;没有的belackingin缺乏(品质、特点等)sightn.视力;视觉;看见;光景，奇观;名胜常用结构：losesightof看不见;忘记;失去catchsightofsth./sb.看见某物/人atfirstsight初看之下;乍看起来at(the)sightof一看见就……outofsight看不见beinsight看得见，在眼前Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见,心不烦。LastsummerwehadseenthesightsofBeijing.去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。Crusoewasfrightenedatthesightofaman’sfootprint.克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他非常害怕。requirevt.需要;要求;命令常用结构：requirethat+主语+(should)+动词原形需要某人做某事requiresb.todosth.命令某人做某事requiresth.(ofsb.)要求(某人)某事Iwilldoeverythingthatisrequiredofme.凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。ThesituationrequiresthatI(should)bethere.形势需要我去那里。温馨提示require后接宾语从句时，宾语从句必须用shoulddo的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。另外，表示“需要”，且是物作主语时，后接动词?ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义，可以等于不定式被动形式;在这一点上，need和want用法相同。Thehouserequiresmending.Thehouserequirestobemended.房屋需要维修。Allcarsrequireservicingregularly.所有汽车都需要定期检修。Theyrequiredhimtokeepitasecret.他们要求他对这事保密。assistvt.&vi.帮助;援助;参与;出席常用结构：assistsb.in/withsth.帮助(某人)某事assistsb.indoingsth.帮助(某人)做某事assistsb.todosth.帮助(某人)做某事assistwith帮助(照料，做);在……上给予帮助Iamwillingtoassistyouwheneverthereisanopportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你。I’mafraidIcan’tassistyou,youhavetogoandseethemanager.我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。Theheadmasterassistswithalotofthingswhenfree.有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。高三下册英语必修五知识点3分词的概念分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，主要起形容词和副词的作用，可以作定语、表语或是状语等。分词有两种，一种是现在分词，一种是过去分词。这两种分词在句子中能担任的成分大体相同，主要是在“意思”上有主动和被动之分。过去分词一般有被动和完成两大特征。过去分词的定语和表语功能定语表“完成”或“被动”boiledwater开水fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起的太阳selectedapples精选苹果spokenEnglish英语口语icedbeer冰镇啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土豆条单个的过去分词作定语时，一般放在被修饰词语之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修饰词语的后面。Hurryup，thereisonlyalittletimeleft.快点，时间不多了。Ifyouwisheverythingchanged，pleasesayso.你如果希望改变一切，请说明。过去分词短语作定语时，须将分词放在被修饰的词语之后，功能相当于一个定语从句。Nearthewindow，thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks(=whichisfilledwithmanybooks).靠近窗户，有一个装满书的书架。Herdaughter，broughtupbyme(=whowasbroughtupbyme)hasbeguntoworknow.由我带大的她的女儿现在已经参加工作了。当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语，表示主语的状态或思想感情等。Whenweheardofit，weweredeeplymoved.当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.听到这个想法，他似乎很高