高考英语三轮复习 冲刺押题 外刊阅读理解训练

高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题外刊阅读理解训练84——改编自Whatreopeningstellusaboutnationalculture【文章】Theconceptof"collectiveeffervescence"wasfirstcoinedbyFrenchsociologistÉmileDurkheimtodescribethephenomenonofhumansescapingtheirdailyroutineanddissolvingtheiridentitiesintoagroup.Thisreleasesan"electricity"thatallowsustoshareemotionsandtranscendourselvesasacollective.Modern-daysociologistshaveappliedthisconcepttovarioussecularactivitiesincludingfootballcrowds,concerts,andreligiousceremonies.However,thespreadofcoronavirushascurtailedthesemomentsaswehavehadtoresistournaturalhumanurgetogatheringroups,sharefood,drink,andenjoyourselvestopreventthespreadofthedisease.Unfortunately,untilcoronavirusissuppressedoravaccineappears,therecanbenofullreturntonormal.SeveralUSstateshaveevenexperiencedalarmingspikesincases.Ithasbecomeclearthatvirusestakeadvantageofournaturalurgetobearoundothers,andthishascausedsignificantstrainsonnationalcultures.Manyrecreationallocationshavedisappearedaltogetherastheycannotaffordtosurvivetheeraofsocialdistancing.Asaresult,nationalcultureswillinevitablyevolveinresponsetothepandemic.【重点词汇&词组】1.concept(n.)概念2.collective(adj.)集体的3.effervescence(n.)活力4.coined(v.)创造5.French(adj.)法国的6.sociologist(n.)社会学家7.phenomenon(n.)现象8.humans(n.)人类9.escaping(v.)逃离10.dailyroutine(n.)日常规律11.dissolving(v.)溶解12.identities(n.)身份13.group(n.)群体14.releases(v.)释放15.electricity(n.)电流16.share(v.)分享17.emotions(n.)情感18.transcend(v.)超越19.secular(adj.)世俗的20.activities(n.)活动21.footballcrowds(n.)足球观众22.concerts(n.)演唱会23.religiousceremonies(n.)宗教仪式24.spread(v.)传播25.coronavirus(n.)冠状病毒26.curtailed(v.)削减27.moments(n.)时刻28.natural(adj.)自然的29.urge(n.)冲动30.gather(v.)聚集31.food(n.)食物32.drink(n.)饮料33.enjoy(v.)享受34.prevent(v.)预防35.disease(n.)疾病36.suppressed(adj.)抑制的37.vaccine(n.)疫苗38.appear(v.)出现39.full(adj.)完整的40.return(n.)返回41.USstates(n.)美国州42.alarming(adj.)令人惊恐的43.spikes(n.)急剧增加44.cases(n.)病例45.viruses(n.)病毒46.advantage(n.)优势47.strains(n.)压力48.national(adj.)国家的49.cultures(n.)文化50.recreationallocations(n.)娱乐场所.【阅读理解习题】1.Whoinventedtheconceptof"collectiveeffervescence"?A)Amodern-daysociologist.B)AnAmericanresearcher.C)AFrenchsociologist.D)Areligiousleader.Answer:C解析：根据文章，“‘集合热情’这一概念最初由法国社会学家爱弥尔·杜尔凯姆创造，用来描述人们逃离日常生活并将自己的身份溶入一个团体当中的现象”。因此答案为C。2.Whatactivitieshavemodern-daysociologistsappliedtheconceptof"collectiveeffervescence"to?A)Religiousceremoniesonly.B)Secularactivitiesincludingfootballcrowds,concerts,andreligiousceremonies.C)Sportsmatchesonly.D)Parties.Answer:B解析：根据文章，现代社会学家已将“集合热情”概念应用于各种世俗活动，包括足球比赛、音乐会和宗教仪式。因此答案为B。3.Whathaspreventedpeoplefromgatheringingroupsduringthecoronaviruspandemic?A)Thegovernment'sorders.B)People'slackofinterest.C)Ageneralsenseoffearamongpeople.D)Theneedtopreventthespreadofthedisease.Answer:D解析：根据文章，新冠疫情防控需要人们保持社交距离，避免聚集，以防止疾病传播。因此答案为D。4.Canwereturntonormalbeforethevirusissuppressedoravaccineappears?A)Yes.B)No.Answer:B解析：根据文章，“在冠状病毒得到控制或疫苗出现之前，不可能完全返回正常”。因此答案为B。5.WhyhaveseveralUSstatesexperiencedalarmingspikesincoronaviruscases?A)Becausepeoplearenotfollowingsocialdistancingrules.B)Becausetheyhaven'treceivedenoughmedicalequipment.C)Becausepeoplearenotwearingmasks.D)Becausethereisnocureforthevirus.Answer:A解析：文章提到“一些美国州已经出现了令人担忧的病例激增”。由文中提到的病毒利用我们与他人聚集的自然倾向来危及公众健康，可以推断出人们没有遵守社交距离规定是导致情况恶化的原因。因此答案为A。6.Whathasbeentheimpactofcoronavirusonrecreationallocations?A)Theyhavebecomemorepopular.B)Theyhaveallcloseddown.C)Theyhaveadaptedtosocialdistancingmeasures.D)Theyhaveattractedlargercrowds.Answer:B解析：根据文章，“许多娱乐场所已经彻底消失，因为它们无法在社交距离的时代生存下去”。因此答案为B。7.Willnationalcultureschangeasaresultofthepandemic?A)Yes.B)No.Answer:A解析：根据文章，“表面上看，新冠病毒的传播正在对全球文化产生重大影响”。因此答案为A。8.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A)Theconceptof"collectiveeffervescence"anditsapplicationtovariousactivities.B)Thechallengesposedbycoronavirustoournaturalurgetogatheringroups.C)Recreationallocationsstrugglingtosurviveduringthepandemic.D)Thechangingnatureofnationalculturesinresponsetothepandemic.Answer:B解析：文章讨论了冠状病毒对人们聚集在一起这种自然倾向的挑战。因此答案为B。【全文逐句对照翻译】“集体泡沫”的概念最早是由法国社会学家Émile迪尔凯姆提出的，用来描述人类逃离日常生活，将自己的身份融入一个群体的现象。Theconceptof"collectiveeffervescence"wasfirstcoinedbyFrenchsociologistÉmileDurkheimtodescribethephenomenonofhumansescapingtheirdailyroutineanddissolvingtheiridentitiesintoagroup.这释放出一种“电”，让我们分享情感，超越自我，成为一个集体。Thisreleasesan"electricity"thatallowsustoshareemotionsandtranscendourselvesasacollective.现代社会学家将这一概念应用于各种世俗活动，包括足球赛、音乐会和宗教仪式。Modern-daysociologistshaveappliedthisconcepttovarioussecularactivitiesincludingfootballcrowds,concerts,andreligiousceremonies.然而，冠状病毒的传播减少了这些时刻，因为我们不得不抵制人类的自然冲动，聚集在一起，分享食物，饮料，享受自己，以防止疾病的传播。However,thespreadofcoronavirushascurtailedthesemomentsaswehavehadtoresistournaturalhumanurgetogatheringroups,sharefood,drink,andenjoyourselvestopreventthespreadofthedisease.不幸的是，在冠状病毒被抑制或疫苗出现之前，不可能完全恢复正常。Unfortunately,untilcoronavi